CN107137725A - A kind of Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil - Google Patents
A kind of Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107137725A CN107137725A CN201710315071.4A CN201710315071A CN107137725A CN 107137725 A CN107137725 A CN 107137725A CN 201710315071 A CN201710315071 A CN 201710315071A CN 107137725 A CN107137725 A CN 107137725A
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- Prior art keywords
- soil
- lisianthus
- droop
- fresh cutting
- cutting flower
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil, the organic carbon source materials such as crop material, grass meal and bean dregs are added in the soil for occurring continuous cropping obstacle or the morbidity of Lisianthus droop and soil anaerobic state is maintained, the oxidation-reduction potential of soil was set to be reduced to 60 below mV in 72 hours, soil is maintained to be in strong reducing environment 2 ~ 4 weeks, the temperature of soil is kept to be maintained at 25 50 DEG C, the mode for maintaining soil anaerobic state is to soil water logging or/and overlay film, to completely cut off contact of the soil with air, so as to reduce oxygen content in soil.The present invention is reached the soil-borne pathogens such as the sharp spore reaping hook bacterium of killing, droop is reduced or avoided, normal growing environment is provided for Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower, increases production stable yields by the growth metabolism of anaerobe in soil.The present invention can reach very strong bactericidal effect in a short period of time, and degradable organic carbon source material, wide material sources are used as using crop material etc., materials are easy, with low cost, are easy to promotion and implementation, have a extensive future, be the effective technology means for preventing Lisianthus crop droop.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of continuous cropping obstacles technology for eliminating, specifically a kind of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil
Quick disinfection method.
Background technology
Lisianthus（Eustoma grandiflorun）Also known as Turkey's balloonflower root, beautiful alms bowl flower, Dezhou orchid bell, prairie gentian,
For Gentianaceae prairie gentian platymiscium, one, the biennial showy flowers of herbaceous plants, southern US is originated in the limestone area between Mexico.
Lisianthus happiness is warm, moistens and sunny, relatively resists cold, not water-fast wet.It is 15-28 DEG C to grow thermophilic, and night is not less than 12 DEG C.
Reaction to illumination is more sensitive, typically best with daily 16 h.It is strict to the requirement of point water, excess water to its root growth not
Profit；Growth period insufficient water, cauline leaf growth is thin and delicate, and blooms ahead of time, is easily invaded by disease.Sickle-like bacteria, root-knot nematode etc. are drawn
The soil-borne disease risen and continuous cropping obstacle etc. are more sensitive.To the leaf diseases such as downy mildew, gray mold resistance caused by high humidity compared with
It is weak.It is required that fertile loose and draining good soil, never continuous cropping, potted plant use soil must be sterilized, optimum pH 6.5-7.
Lisianthus is as a kind of new cut-flower, and it is anxious on Japan, Europe, the U.S. and China Taiwan and other places that it sells demand
Speed rises, and is one of potted flower all the fashion and cut-flower species in the world at present, it has also become Holland Flower Auction ten is cut greatly
One of flower.At present, annual turnover reaches 100,000,000,1.1 hundred million dollars of sales volume, row cut-flower ranking the 7th.Therefore, Lisianthus into
For the fastest species of cut-flower increase in production.2012, China's Lisianthus cut-flower cultivated area was up to 266.7 hm2, state
The Fresh Cutting flower planting household of the interior various regions new varieties swift and violent to this development show keen interest, are most contained with Yunnan Province especially,
Preliminarily form industry size.2015, Lisianthus was in Yunnan cultivated area up to 350 hm2, substituting African Chrysanthemum turns into Yunnan the
Four big Fresh Cutting flowers.With the increase of the market demand, cultivated area is still increased increasingly.Other provinces of China, such as Shanghai and Tianjin,
It is positive to attempt to introduce plantation.
It is such as droop, vertical however, while cultivated area constantly expands, Lisianthus is just encroached on by soil-borne disease
Rot, root rot etc., wherein with Fusarium oxysporum Lisianthus specialized form（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. eustomae）
Caused droop is the most serious.At present, people mainly using plantation disease-resistant variety and apply chemical bactericide（Such as many bacterium
Spirit, thiophanate methyl and Tuzet）Carry out prevention and control Lisianthus droop, but spreading for droop can not be prevented.
According to the plantation practice situation of applicant, Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower continuous plantation 2-3 on same soil will go out
Existing substantial amounts of withered diseased plant, this diseased plant is difficult to be cured with agricultural chemicals, substantially pasts medical help at present, causes the fresh flower underproduction then
70-80%, heavy losses are caused to flower-grower.
Therefore, the preventing and treating of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop be fresh flower plantation on there is no so far method solve technical barrier it
One.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention proposes a kind of Quick disinfection of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil aiming above mentioned problem
Method, this method can allow anaerobic bacteria raised growth to be bred, and suppress or killing in soil causes Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower plant withered
The pathogen for disease of withering, so as to eliminate continuous cropping obstacle, skill is provided for the continuously steady production plantation of this precious seeds of flowering plants of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower
Art ensures.
The Quick disinfection method of this Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil proposed by the present invention, it is characterised in that occurring
Organic carbon source material is added in continuous cropping obstacle or the soil of Lisianthus droop morbidity and maintains soil anaerobic state, it is small 72
When the interior oxidation-reduction potential for making soil be reduced to -60 below mV, maintain soil in strong reducing environment 2 ~ 4 weeks, obtain point spore sickle
The relatively low healthy soil of knife bacterial content.
The temperature of the soil is maintained at 25-50 DEG C.
The organic carbon source material is one or more mixtures in bean dregs, rice straw, reed grass meal.
When the bean dregs, reed grass meal and rice crop stalk are mixed into soil, it is mixed into, is preferably turned in rotary cultivator with powdered
When ploughing, soil burial is uniformly blended into when cultivated.
The fineness requirement of the organic carbon source is less than 1cm.
The organic carbon source is mixed into the amount of soil by 0.4 ~ 0.6 kg C/m2Calculate and determine.
The mode for maintaining soil anaerobic state is to soil water logging or/and overlay film, to completely cut off connecing for soil and air
Touch, so as to reduce oxygen content in soil.
The time for implementing this method is the annual 3-9 months, general to be carried out once per continuous cropping 2-3, and implementation can be planted then
Kind, accomplish lasting continuous cropping, do not fall ill or fall ill less.Morbidity is serious to be handled once per 1-2, or annually.
Specific implementation process of the present invention is generally：Work as environment temperature（Temperature）More than 25 DEG C（Such as the annual 3-9 months
Between）, in the higher soil of the Lisianthus droop incidence of disease, by into soil add organic carbon source material and completely cut off soil with
Atmospheric gas is exchanged（Waterflooding or plastic covering film）Soil is rapidly achieved strong reducing condition, made soil in 72 hours
Oxidation-reduction potential is reduced to -60 below mV, and maintains this strong reducing condition of soil 2 ~ 4 weeks, you can obtain Fusarium oxysporum
The relatively low healthy soil of Lisianthus specialized form content.When Lisianthus continuous cropping soil is that Fusarium oxysporum concentration is higher than 1 × 107 ITS
In the case of copies/ grams of soil, it is treated by the present method after, in soil the quantity of Fusarium oxysporum be reduced to initial value 0.7 ~
2.8%。
The principle of the present invention is can to rapidly promote the micro- life of anaerobism in soil by creating the processing method of strong reducing environment
Thing（Clostridiales）Breeding, generation is had been found to a variety of soil-borne pathogens, such as Fusarium oxysporum（Fusarium oxysporum）, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn（Rhizoctonia solani）, eggplant Raul Salmonella（Ralstonia solanacearum）
And Phytophthora capsici（Phytophthora capsici）NH with strong inhibitory action3、H2The tunning such as S and organic acid,
Kill pathogenic microorganism.
Because the present invention is the growth metabolism by anaerobe in soil, killing soil-borne pathogen purpose is reached, because
This, has certain requirement in implementation process for the soil moisture, and research shows, when the soil moisture is between 25 ~ 50 DEG C,
Preferable treatment effect can be obtained.
Sum it up, pathogenic soil micro organism quantity can not only be reduced by implementing this method, moreover it is possible to alleviate agriculture organic waste
Gurry pollution problem；Efficient and environmentally friendly due to having the advantages that, this method will have broad application prospects in practice production.
Beneficial effects of the present invention can be specifically summarized as follows：
（1）Anaerobe amount reproduction in soil, produces substantial amounts of anaerobic metabolism product, can fast and effeciently reduce continuous cropping soil
Fusarium oxysporum quantity in earth, reduces the generation of soil-borne disease of crop；
（2）Raw material are easily obtained, with low cost, and using crop material etc. as easily biodegradable organicses material, aboundresources can subtract
Waste and environmental pollution that few crop straw burning is caused, promote the recycling of agricultural wastes；
（3）More simple submerging treatment is compared, and this method can reach stronger bactericidal effect in a short period of time；
（4）In some soil for being difficult retaining（Such as sand soil）Middle use plastic covering film creates soil anaerobic environmental operations more
Plus it is easy, and will not be due to oozing the loss of the Fungicidal substance for causing to be produced in anaerobic processes under water；
（5）Have a extensive future, at present, China's Lisianthus cultivated area constantly expands, and occur Lisianthus continuous cropping obstacle phenomenon
Very universal, this is a kind of method fast and effeciently repaired and occur Lisianthus Fusarium Wilt, improvement time is short, inexpensive,
Method simple and easy to operate, has very broad application prospects.
Embodiment
Below the present invention is further illustrated with example.
, the fresh flower planting base in applicant company location, successively using the method for the present invention to continuous kind in 2014
The plot for planting Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower carries out disinfection processing.Time is 3-5 months then.Specific operation process is：
Occur in Lisianthus droop in serious plot, with 0.5 kg C/m2Concentration calculate, add reed grass meal（Implement
Example 1）, bean dregs（Embodiment 2）And rice straw（Embodiment 3）, be mixed into soil when cultivated with rotary cultivator, fully mix, pour water to
Soil reaches plastic covering film after maximum field capacity, and the oxidation-reduction potential after three days in reconnaissance measurement soil reaches
Below to -60mv, this strong reducing condition of soil is maintained to take off film after 20 days, now water level decreasing plants Lisianthus to normal.With
Soil not treated by the present method is used as control.It is 300 m that this method, which implements area, in each embodiment2, include 3 repetitions.
As a result show：The quantity of pathogen-Fusarium oxysporum is remarkably decreased in soil after being handled via this method, is only located
The 0.7 ~ 2.8% of soil content before reason（It is shown in Table 1）；After one batch of Lisianthus of plantation, the more untreated soil of soil after present invention processing
Earth is compared, and significantly reduces the incidence of disease of Lisianthus droop（It is shown in Table 2）.
Table 1
Table 2
Explanation：Fusarium oxysporum quantity in table 1 is based on the number in every gram of soil, and index is denary logarithm.
As long as being handled in strict accordance with the method and step of the present invention, the oxidation-reduction potential of disinfection soil with regard to can reach-
Below 60mv, 25-50 DEG C of internal temperature, forms the growth and breeding of anaerobic bacteria, and kill the sharp spore reaping hook bacterium of the overwhelming majority
Advantage.So as to realize the purpose of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil sterilization.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil, it is characterised in that occurring continuous cropping obstacle or ocean
Organic carbon source material is added in the soil of balloonflower root droop morbidity and soil anaerobic state is maintained, the oxygen of soil was made in 72 hours
Change reduction potential and be reduced to -60 below mV, maintain soil to be in strong reducing environment 2 ~ 4 weeks, obtain Fusarium oxysporum content relatively low
Healthy soil.
2. the Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that soil
Temperature is maintained at 25-50 DEG C.
3. the Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that organic carbon
Source material is one or more mixtures in bean dregs, rice straw and reed grass meal.
4. the Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil according to claim 3, it is characterised in that bean dregs, reed
When reed grass meal and rice straw are mixed into soil, it is uniformly blended into powdered in soil.
5. the Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that organic carbon
The fineness requirement of source material is less than 1cm.
6. the Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that organic carbon
Source material is mixed into the amount of soil by 0.4 ~ 0.6 kg C/m2Calculate and determine.
7. the Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that maintain soil
The mode of earth anaerobic state is to soil water logging or/and overlay film, to completely cut off contact of the soil with air.
8. according to the Quick disinfection method of one of the claim 1-7 Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soils, it is characterised in that
The implementation time is the annual 3-5 months, is carried out once per continuous cropping 1-3, and implementation is planted then, continues continuous cropping.
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| CN201710315071.4A CN107137725A (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2017-05-08 | A kind of Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil |
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| CN201710315071.4A CN107137725A (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2017-05-08 | A kind of Quick disinfection method of Lisianthus Fresh Cutting flower droop sick soil |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110050538A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-26 | 云南佳海农业产业有限公司 | A kind of Lisianthus planting soil modification method |
| CN112262855A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-26 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Method for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt and application of NaHS in preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt |
| CN112337958A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2021-02-09 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | Treatment method for reducing heavy metal cadmium in leaf vegetables and bean vegetables |
| CN113545191A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-26 | 南京师范大学 | Method for enhancing colonization efficiency and activity of biocontrol bacteria |
| CN115500107A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-23 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Soil improvement method for crop continuous cropping land |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110050538A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-26 | 云南佳海农业产业有限公司 | A kind of Lisianthus planting soil modification method |
| CN112337958A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2021-02-09 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | Treatment method for reducing heavy metal cadmium in leaf vegetables and bean vegetables |
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| CN112262855A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-26 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Method for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt and application of NaHS in preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt |
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| CN113545191A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-26 | 南京师范大学 | Method for enhancing colonization efficiency and activity of biocontrol bacteria |
| CN115500107A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-23 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Soil improvement method for crop continuous cropping land |
| CN115500107B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-06-06 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Soil improvement method for continuous cropping land of crops |
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Application publication date: 20170908 |