CN107132148A - A kind of concrete aggregate refers mainly to object detection method - Google Patents
A kind of concrete aggregate refers mainly to object detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107132148A CN107132148A CN201710504533.7A CN201710504533A CN107132148A CN 107132148 A CN107132148 A CN 107132148A CN 201710504533 A CN201710504533 A CN 201710504533A CN 107132148 A CN107132148 A CN 107132148A
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- concrete aggregate
- water
- detection method
- object detection
- concrete
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of concrete aggregate and refers mainly to object detection method, pass through the detecting step of the concrete aggregate of advantages of simple, once complete experiment is obtained with calculating required all data of concrete aggregate the key technical indexes water absorption rate, apparent density, bulk density and accumulation voidage, passes through water absorption rate=(m3+m0‑m1)×u1/(m1‑m0) × 100%, apparent density={ { (m1‑m0)/[(m1+m4‑m2‑m0)×u1]}‑u2} × 1000, bulk density=(m1‑m0)/(m4‑m0) × 1000, accumulate the formula of voidage=bulk density/apparent density × 100%, that is, calculate result, can greatly shorten the time that concrete aggregate stands or soaked, and then improve the ageing of detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to concrete aggregate quality of production detection method, more particularly to a kind of detection side of concrete aggregate leading indicator
Method.
Background technology
The many technical indicators of concrete aggregate are to configure and adjust the key factor of various concretes proportionings, so in time, accurately slapping
The Specifications for holding concrete aggregate are the premises for rationally designing various concrete products.But the index of concrete aggregate routine testing is not only
Many, the time detected according to Industry code requirements is also long.For example, all concrete aggregates first dry to constant weight need 24 hours with
On, immersion more than 2 hours is also needed when making clay content detection, making clod content detection will also soak more than 24 hours, make aggregate suction
The detection of water rate also needs to stand more than 24 hours, then evaporates moisture more than about 4 hours with portable hair-dryer, makees apparent density detection
Also to stand more than 24 hours.And once only detect a kind of technical indicator of concrete aggregate, all technical indicators detection of concrete aggregate
Completion is generally required 7-10 days, is taken oversize.And actually because concrete aggregate usage amount is big, the place that stock ground hoards material is again limited
System, result on the day of concrete aggregate is marched into the arena to use.And concrete aggregate consumption is big and stability of production is relatively poor, it has to do
The detection of Specifications carrys out the adjustment of scientific and reasonable progress producting proportion.
In order to solve problem above, the quality of concrete is efficiently controlled, the timeliness sex chromosome mosaicism for solving the detection of concrete aggregate is crucial
Place.
The content of the invention
Present invention seek to address that the problem of the poor in timeliness of concrete aggregate detection, there is provided a kind of many of fusion detection concrete aggregate
Item refers mainly to calibration method, i.e. once experiment, multinomial main technical indicator that is quick, simply detecting concrete aggregate.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of concrete aggregate refers mainly to object detection method, and the leading indicator includes water absorption rate, apparent density, bulk density
With accumulation voidage, it is characterised in that the described method comprises the following steps：
The first step：Sample concrete aggregate, dry for standby；
Second step：Empty container bottle and cover plate are taken, the gross mass of the empty container bottle and the cover plate is m0, take the first step
The concrete aggregate of drying, fills the empty container bottle to container finish is higher than, removes container finish with the cover plate horizontal sliding unnecessary
Concrete aggregate, and total quality is weighed, it is recorded as m1；
3rd step：Clear water is filled it up with into the container bottle after the horizontal sliding, is stood, exhaust bubble, and claim total quality, it is recorded as
m2；
4th step：The concrete aggregate and clear water in the 3rd step container bottle are poured out, the clear water of concrete aggregate outer surface is removed, claimed
The amount concrete aggregate for removing clear water, quality is designated as m3；
It is another take with second step identical empty container bottle and cover plate, and fill water, weigh its total quality for m4,
5th step：Calculate：
Water absorption rate=(m3+m0-m1)×u1/(m1-m0) × 100%, unit is：%；
Apparent density={ { (m1-m0)/[(m1+m4-m2-m0)×u1]}-u2} × 1000, unit is：Kg/m3；
Bulk density=(m1-m0)/(m4-m0) × 1000, unit is：Kg/m3；
Voidage=bulk density/apparent density × 100% is accumulated, unit is：%；
Wherein u1For concrete aggregate water suction correction factor, u2For water temperature correction factor.
Generally main cause is that the 3rd step concrete aggregate will stand more than 24h during concrete aggregate check fee, but this hair
It is bright by set concrete aggregate absorb water correction factor, the concrete aggregate time to be stood is shortened to 30min~40min, effectively carry
High detection it is ageing, and be obtained with by once simple experiment whole calculating concrete aggregate the key technical indexes
Whole data, then obtain by corresponding calculation formula the data of the key technical indexes of concrete aggregate；The other present invention can be with
The parallel laboratory test of 3~5 groups of progress simultaneously, to improve the accuracy of testing result.
In addition, when the leading indicator water absorption rate of detection concrete aggregate, apparent density, bulk density are with accumulation voidage, using
When concrete aggregate natural packing or tightly packed use concrete aggregate, testing result is different.So-called concrete aggregate nature is
Concrete aggregate relies on the random packing under gravity of itself；Concrete aggregate compact state be in addition to by the concrete aggregate gravity of itself, will also be by
Formation compact state in the presence of to other power.Technical scheme can determine the main of the concrete aggregate of two states
Technical indicator.
Preferably, concrete aggregate water suction correction factor u1Assay method be：
Step one：The first step concrete aggregate is taken, is divided into two groups of C and D, empty container bottle is respectively charged into, claims gross mass, record
For c, d, and c and d are all higher than zero, fill clear water, and the C groups stand 30min~40min, D groups standing more than 24h,
Step 2：Pour out concrete aggregate in step one container bottle, remove the clear water of concrete aggregate outer surface, weigh respectively C,
Two groups of D eliminates the quality of the concrete aggregate of surface clear water, and m is designated as respectivelyc、md,
Step 3：Calculate,
u1=c × md/d×mc。
Preferably, C the and D groups, are distributed into 2~5 groups again respectively.
The concrete aggregate water suction correction factor of the present invention can be effectively obtained by preferably art scheme, but concrete aggregate is inhaled
The acquisition of water correction factor need to consume the substantial amounts of time, and concrete aggregate includes different types, such as fine aggregate and thick bone in addition
Material, the particle diameter of fine aggregate is in below 4.75mm, and the particle diameter of coarse aggregate is in more than 4.75mm；Due to the concrete aggregate for same type
Water suction correction factor be identical, so the time in order to save detection, it is out standby to take out time detecting on ordinary days, so
Can also effectively improve concrete aggregate detects ageing.
Preferably, described water temperature correction factor u2, by measuring the temperature of the 3rd step clear water, T is recorded as, is tabled look-up
Obtain.The present invention is calculating apparent density and during bulk density, make use of the mass conversion of water into concrete aggregate itself or from
So accumulate when volume, and the density of water is changed with the temperature of dampening, so the present invention is measured clearly by thermometer
The water temperature of water, then by looking into《People's Republic of China's professional standard》JGJ052-2006, on regular concrete sand, stone
The related form of quality and detection method standard, to obtain water temperature correction factor u2, improve the accuracy of testing result.
Preferably, the self finish in volumetric flask is kept to be higher by more than concrete aggregate face 1cm when the 3rd described step is stood.
Preferably, if with after described cover plate horizontal sliding container finish, bottleneck leaves bubble, is added water with dropper, then horizontal sliding lid
Piece excludes the bubble under cover plate.
The present invention is by keeping the self finish in volumetric flask to be higher by more than concrete aggregate face 1cm and arranged with the horizontal pushing cover piece of dropper
Bubble removing, it is therefore an objective to reach the complete bubble excluded in bottle and in concrete aggregate, the concrete drawn eventually through the mass conversion of water
The when accurate volume of itself or natural packing of aggregate.
Preferably, the time that the 3rd described step is stood is 30~40min.Generally the immersion of concrete aggregate or standing are needed
More than 24h is wanted, main purpose is to allow moisture well into concrete aggregate, excludes the air in aggregate；The present invention is by substantial amounts of
Experiment finds that particle diameter soaks in below 40mm concrete aggregate or stands 30~40min, the water absorption rate of concrete aggregate substantially reaches
To 98%, the water suction in later stage increases very small, influences little to the accuracy of testing result, passes through concrete aggregate water suction amendment system
Number can just be corrected to it.
Preferably, the container bottle and sheet glass are when any step is weighed, the non-cohesive impurity in outer surface.
It so can effectively exclude and be attached to impurity on container bottle and cover plate, to the error of the generation of test result.
Preferably, temperature control is at 100~110 DEG C when described first step concrete aggregate is dried.
Accurate water absorption rate of the invention in order to obtain concrete aggregate, it is necessary to excluding the moisture that concrete aggregate has absorbed in itself
Interference, can select air drying, but in order that the effect of drying is fast and efficiency high, preferably at 100~110 DEG C to concrete bone
Material carries out drying and processing.
Compared with prior art, the detecting step for the concrete aggregate that the present invention passes through advantages of simple, can be by once complete
Whole experiment is obtained with calculating concrete aggregate the key technical indexes water absorption rate, apparent density, bulk density and accumulation voidage
Required all data；It can greatly shorten the time that concrete aggregate stands or soaked additionally by water suction correction factor,
And then improve the ageing of detection；The temperature in view of water has influenceed on the volume of water in addition, in order to improve testing result
Accuracy, by water temperature correction factor, eliminate the influence to testing result of this.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Concrete aggregate includes different types, mainly includes fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, the particle diameter of fine aggregate 4.75mm with
Under, the particle diameter of coarse aggregate is in more than 4.75mm.Below by taking the fine aggregate in concrete aggregate as an example, to the embodiment of the present invention
It is described.
A kind of fine aggregate refers mainly to object detection method in natural packing, and the leading indicator includes water absorption rate, apparent
Density, bulk density and accumulation voidage, it is characterised in that the described method comprises the following steps：
The first step：Sample fine aggregate, dry for standby；
Second step：The empty glass container bottles of 500ml and sheet glass are taken, the empty glass container bottle is total with the sheet glass
Quality is m0, the fine aggregate of first step drying is taken, the empty glass container bottle is filled to glass container bottleneck is higher than, uses the glass
The horizontal sliding of glass piece removes the unnecessary fine aggregate of glass container bottleneck, and weighs total quality, is recorded as m1；
3rd step：Clear water is filled it up with into the glass container bottle after the horizontal sliding, is stood, exhaust bubble, and claim total quality, remember
Record as m2；
4th step：The fine aggregate and clear water in the 3rd step glass container bottle are poured out, is removed using air blast hair-dryer thin
The clear water of aggregate outer surface, weighs the fine aggregate for removing clear water, and quality is designated as m3；
It is another take with the empty glass container bottle of second step identical and sheet glass, and fill water, weigh its total quality for m4,
5th step：Calculate：
Water absorption rate=(m3+m0-m1)×u1/(m1-m0) × 100%, unit is：%；
Apparent density={ { (m1-m0)/[(m1+m4-m2-m0)×u1]}-u2} × 1000, unit is：Kg/m3；
Bulk density=(m1-m0)/(m4-m0) × 1000, unit is：Kg/m3；
Voidage=bulk density/apparent density × 100% is accumulated, unit is：%；
Wherein u1For fine aggregate water suction correction factor, u2For water temperature correction factor.
Preferably, fine aggregate water suction correction factor u1Assay method be：
Step one：The first step fine aggregate is taken, is divided into two groups of C and D, is respectively charged into sky glass container bottle, claims total matter
Amount, is recorded as c, d, and c and d are all higher than zero, fills clear water, and the C groups stand 30min~40min, D groups standing 24h with
On,
Step 2：Pour out fine aggregate in step one container bottle, remove the clear water of fine aggregate outer surface, weigh respectively C,
Two groups of D eliminates the quality of the fine aggregate of surface clear water, and m is designated as respectivelyc、md,
Step 3：Calculate,
u1=c × md/d×mc。
More preferably, C the and D groups, are distributed into 2~5 groups again respectively.
The present invention measures the water suction correction factor u of fine aggregate1It is necessary.But can be before test it is any when
Wait the water suction correction factor of test fine aggregate.
Preferably, described water temperature correction factor u2, by measuring the temperature of the 3rd step clear water, T is recorded as, is tabled look-up
Obtain.The clear water temperature of this experiment is T=15 DEG C.
Preferably, the self finish in volumetric flask is kept to be higher by more than concrete aggregate face 1cm when the 3rd described step is stood；Have
The air that effect ground is excluded inside fine aggregate and in container bottle is the effective means for improving the test result degree of accuracy.Using holding capacity
The mode that self finish in bottle is higher by more than concrete aggregate face 1cm is simple and convenient.
Preferably, if with after described cover plate horizontal sliding container finish, bottleneck leaves bubble, is added water with dropper, then horizontal sliding lid
Piece excludes the bubble under cover plate.When with sheet glass horizontal sliding, bubble may be left in the lower surface of sheet glass, such case must
It need exclude.
Preferably, the time that the 3rd described step is stood is 30min.
Preferably, the container bottle and sheet glass are when any step is weighed, the non-cohesive impurity in outer surface.So may be used
To exclude the error that pollution of other impurity to container bottle and sheet glass is caused.
Preferably, temperature control is at 100~110 DEG C when described first step fine aggregate is dried.So can quickly,
Influence of the moisture that efficient exclusion fine aggregate has absorbed to test result in itself.
The parallel laboratory test of 2 groups of progress, averages simultaneously.
Table 1 gives test result of the fine aggregate under conditions of embodiment 1.By table 1, it will be seen that standing
Time is 30min, and water temperature is 15 DEG C, water temperature correction factor u2For 0.002, the water suction correction factor u of fine aggregate1For 1.0001, title
Measure m0, m1, m2, m3, and m4Value, by water absorption rate, apparent density, bulk density accumulates the formula of voidage, i.e., comparatively fast can be with
Calculate their specific numerical value.
The test result of the fine aggregate technical indicator of the natural packing of table 1
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, time of repose is 40min, and other conditions are constant.
The test result of the fine aggregate technical indicator of the natural packing of table 2
It can be seen from Table 2 that, when time of repose is 40min, the water suction correction factor of fine aggregate is constant, and water absorption rate is somewhat
Increase, apparent density, bulk density change is little, and accumulation voidage is unchanged.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 1, fine aggregate is changed into coarse aggregate, the temperature of clear water is 20 DEG C, and other conditions are constant.
The test result of the coarse aggregate technical indicator of the natural packing of table 3
Table 3 gives the test result of coarse aggregate under the conditions of example 3.By table 3, we are seen to find out, static
Time is 30min, and water temperature is 20 DEG C, and water temperature correction factor is increased to 0.005, the water suction correction factor u of coarse aggregate1Value is increased to
1.0002, weigh m0, m1, m2, m3, and m4Value, by water absorption rate, apparent density, bulk density accumulates the formula of voidage,
It can comparatively fast calculate their specific numerical value.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of embodiment 1, fine aggregate is clapped or vibrated etc. under operative condition using artificial hand in glass container bottle
Closely, compact state at fine aggregate is made, other conditions are constant.
The test result of the compact state fine aggregate technical indicator of table 4
Table 4 gives the test result of fine aggregate in the conditions of example 4.By table 4, it will be seen that outside
The water absorption rate that fine aggregate is measured in the presence of power is unchanged, and apparent density change is little, and compactness densities become big, and tight clearance rate becomes
It is small.
Embodiment described above only expresses the embodiment of the present invention, and it describes more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore two limiting the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, on the premise of the present invention program design is not departed from, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of concrete aggregate refers mainly to object detection method, the leading indicator include water absorption rate, apparent density, bulk density with
Accumulate voidage, it is characterised in that the described method comprises the following steps：
The first step：Sample concrete aggregate, dry for standby；
Second step：Empty container bottle and cover plate are taken, the gross mass of the empty container bottle and the cover plate is m0, take the first step to dry
Concrete aggregate, fill empty container bottle to container finish is higher than, the unnecessary concrete bone of container finish removed with the cover plate horizontal sliding
Material, and total quality is weighed, it is recorded as m1；
3rd step：Clear water is filled it up with into the container bottle after the horizontal sliding, is stood, exhaust bubble, and claim total quality, it is recorded as m2；
4th step：The concrete aggregate and clear water in the 3rd step container bottle are poured out, the clear water of concrete aggregate outer surface is removed, institute is weighed
The concrete aggregate for removing clear water is stated, quality is designated as m3；
It is another take with second step identical empty container bottle and cover plate, and fill water, weigh its total quality for m4,
5th step：Calculate：
Water absorption rate=(m3+m0-m1)×u1/(m1-m0) × 100%, unit is：%；
Apparent density={ { (m1-m0)/[(m1+m4-m2-m0)×u1]}-u2} × 1000, unit is：Kg/m3；
Bulk density=(m1-m0)/(m4-m0) × 1000, unit is：Kg/m3；
Voidage=bulk density/apparent density × 100% is accumulated, unit is：%；
Wherein u1For concrete aggregate water suction correction factor, u2For water temperature correction factor.
2. a kind of concrete aggregate according to claim 1 refers mainly to object detection method, it is characterised in that the water suction of concrete aggregate is repaiied
Positive coefficient u1Assay method be：
Step one：Take the first step concrete aggregate, be divided into two groups of C and D, be respectively charged into empty container bottle, claim gross mass, be recorded as c,
D, and c and d are all higher than zero, fill clear water, the C groups stand 30min~40min, and D groups stand more than 24h,
Step 2：Concrete aggregate in step one container bottle is poured out, the clear water of concrete aggregate outer surface is removed, C, D two is weighed respectively
Group eliminates the quality of the concrete aggregate of surface clear water, and m is designated as respectivelyc、md,
Step 3：Calculate,
u1=c × md/d×mc。
3. a kind of concrete aggregate according to claim 2 refers mainly to object detection method, it is characterised in that the C and D two
Group, is distributed into 2~5 groups again respectively.
4. a kind of concrete aggregate according to claim 1 refers mainly to object detection method, it is characterised in that described water temperature is repaiied
Positive coefficient u2, by measuring the temperature of the 3rd step clear water, T is recorded as, acquisition of tabling look-up.
5. a kind of concrete aggregate according to claim 1 refers mainly to object detection method, it is characterised in that the 3rd described step
The self finish in volumetric flask is kept to be higher by more than concrete aggregate face 1cm during standing.
6. a kind of concrete aggregate according to claim 1 refers mainly to object detection method, it is characterised in that if with described lid
After piece horizontal sliding container finish, bottleneck leaves bubble, is added water with dropper, then horizontal sliding cover plate excludes the bubble under cover plate.
7. a kind of concrete aggregate according to claim 1 refers mainly to object detection method, it is characterised in that the 3rd described step
The time of standing is 30~40min.
8. a kind of concrete aggregate according to claim 1 refers mainly to object detection method, it is characterised in that the container bottle with
And cover plate is when any step is weighed, the non-cohesive impurity in outer surface.
9. a kind of concrete aggregate according to claim 1 refers mainly to object detection method, it is characterised in that the described first step
The temperature control of concrete aggregate drying is at 100~110 DEG C.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002090280A (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2002-03-27 | Marui:Kk | Apparent density-measuring instrument of concrete sample |
| CN102346121A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-08 | 中冶天工上海十三冶建设有限公司 | Quick detection method for fine aggregate water content |
| CN104535458A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-22 | 东南大学 | Determination method for bulk density and clearance rate of coarse aggregates |
| CN105699274A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-06-22 | 青神鑫统领建材有限公司 | Coarse aggregate voidage testing device and method |
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2017
- 2017-06-28 CN CN201710504533.7A patent/CN107132148B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
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| JP2002090280A (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2002-03-27 | Marui:Kk | Apparent density-measuring instrument of concrete sample |
| CN102346121A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-08 | 中冶天工上海十三冶建设有限公司 | Quick detection method for fine aggregate water content |
| CN104535458A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-22 | 东南大学 | Determination method for bulk density and clearance rate of coarse aggregates |
| CN105699274A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-06-22 | 青神鑫统领建材有限公司 | Coarse aggregate voidage testing device and method |
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