CN107129287A - 一种墙体保温材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种墙体保温材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107129287A
CN107129287A CN201710208671.0A CN201710208671A CN107129287A CN 107129287 A CN107129287 A CN 107129287A CN 201710208671 A CN201710208671 A CN 201710208671A CN 107129287 A CN107129287 A CN 107129287A
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parts
insulation material
mixed
heat insulation
wall heat
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王波
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Changle Qiao Tong Industrial Design Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种墙体保温材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：膨胀珍珠岩15‑30份、浮石5‑16份、膨胀粘土3‑8份、页岩5‑12份、轻质陶粒10‑18份、纤维2‑8份、憎水剂2‑4.5份、水玻璃4‑10份、膨润土3‑12份、高温陶瓷胶1‑4份、粉煤灰12‑20份、明矾1‑6份、氧化钙5‑10份、氧化铝4‑8份和阿司匹林1.5‑6份。本发明还公布了该保温材料的制备方法。本发明的原料来源广泛，制备工艺简单，烧成温度低，适用于大规模的工业化生产；本发明中各种组分起协同作用，填充基底的空隙，导热系数可控，阻燃性能、抗压强度和抗拉强度高，市场前景广阔。

Description

一种墙体保温材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及保温材料领域，具体是一种墙体保温材料。
背景技术
国外保温材料工业已经有很长的历史，建筑节能用保温材料占绝大多数，如美国从 1987年以来建筑保温材料占所有保温材料的八成左右，瑞典及芬兰等西欧国家八成以上的岩棉制品用于建筑节能。我国用于建筑节能的保温绝热材料则相对较少。目前，国家正在出台相关政策，大力推广建筑节能，这将极大地促进保温绝热材料在建筑工程上的应用。相关资料表明，我国每年用于建筑保温的费用在300-500亿元，但使用的保温材料大多数
还是品种单一、功能单一的产品，直接导致大量的能源耗费。
国家对建筑所用的保温材料的安全性也要求越来越严格，保证人体健康的要求和人身安全的要求，材料必须是无毒、无害、无污染而且必须防火，有机质材料中几乎全无防火能力，有些甚至遇火会释放出有毒气体。但目前市售的保温材料普遍存在热传导系数大的问题，导致大量的能源耗费，阻燃性、抗压及抗拉强度等方面的性能也较差，这就为人们的使用带来了不便。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种墙体保温材料，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种墙体保温材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：膨胀珍珠岩15-30份、浮石5-16份、膨胀粘土3-8份、页岩5-12份、轻质陶粒10-18份、纤维2-8份、憎水剂2-4.5份、水玻璃4-10份、膨润土3-12份、高温陶瓷胶1-4份、粉煤灰12-20份、明矾1-6份、氧化钙5-10份、氧化铝4-8份和阿司匹林1.5-6份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：纤维采用木质纤维、水镁石纤维、玻璃纤维、海泡石纤维和硅酸铝纤维的一种或者几种的混合物。
作为本发明进一步的方案：膨胀珍珠岩采用闭孔膨胀珍珠岩，氧化钙和氧化铝的粒度为30-60目，阿司匹林的粒度为100-200目。
所述墙体保温材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将膨胀珍珠岩、浮石、膨胀粘土、页岩和轻质陶粒放入粉碎机中，粉碎成150-240目的粉末，得到第一混合物；
步骤二，将纤维、高温陶瓷胶、粉煤灰、明矾、氧化钙和氧化铝混合在一起并且粉碎成350-420目的细粉，得到第二混合物；
步骤三，将第一混合物和第二混合物放置在一起并且加入总重量5-12倍的水，混合搅拌，混合均匀得到第一混合浆料；
步骤四，将水玻璃和膨润土混合并且加入总重量8-16倍的水中，搅拌均匀，得到第二混合浆料；
步骤五，将第一混合浆料、第二混合浆料、憎水剂和阿司匹林混合均匀并且进行蒸汽加热，一个半小时内升温至200-215℃，并保温1-2.5小时，接着升温至240-265℃，反应3-4小时，这一阶段搅拌速度控制在30-60rpm，将得到的产品放入压机中并且压制成平板状；
步骤六，将压制好的板体放入窑炉中，在450-520℃保温1-3小时，然后在700-900℃烧制即可得到成品。
作为本发明进一步的方案：步骤四中的搅拌速度为180-300rpm，搅拌温度为40-55℃。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明的原料来源广泛，制备工艺简单，烧成温度低，适用于大规模的工业化生产；本发明中各种组分起协同作用，填充基底的空隙，导热系数可控，阻燃性能、抗压强度和抗拉强度高，市场前景广阔。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
实施例1
一种墙体保温材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：膨胀珍珠岩15份、浮石5份、膨胀粘土3份、页岩5份、轻质陶粒10份、纤维2份、憎水剂2份、水玻璃4份、膨润土3份、高温陶瓷胶1份、粉煤灰12份、明矾1份、氧化钙5份、氧化铝4份和阿司匹林1.5份。纤维采用木质纤维和硅酸铝纤维的混合物。
所述墙体保温材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将膨胀珍珠岩、浮石、膨胀粘土、页岩和轻质陶粒放入粉碎机中，粉碎成150目的粉末，得到第一混合物；
步骤二，将纤维、高温陶瓷胶、粉煤灰、明矾、氧化钙和氧化铝混合在一起并且粉碎成360目的细粉，得到第二混合物；
步骤三，将第一混合物和第二混合物放置在一起并且加入总重量6倍的水，混合搅拌，混合均匀得到第一混合浆料；
步骤四，将水玻璃和膨润土混合并且加入总重量8倍的水中，搅拌均匀，得到第二混合浆料；
步骤五，将第一混合浆料、第二混合浆料、憎水剂和阿司匹林混合均匀并且进行蒸汽加热，一个半小时内升温至200℃，并保温1小时，接着升温至240℃，反应3小时，这一阶段搅拌速度控制在35rpm，将得到的产品放入压机中并且压制成平板状；
步骤六，将压制好的板体放入窑炉中，在450℃保温1小时，然后在730℃烧制即可得到成品。
实施例2
一种墙体保温材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：膨胀珍珠岩18份、浮石7份、膨胀粘土5份、页岩8份、轻质陶粒13份、纤维4份、憎水剂3份、水玻璃6份、膨润土5份、高温陶瓷胶2.5份、粉煤灰15份、明矾3份、氧化钙7份、氧化铝6份和阿司匹林3份。膨胀珍珠岩采用闭孔膨胀珍珠岩，氧化钙和氧化铝的粒度为40目，阿司匹林的粒度为120目。
所述墙体保温材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将膨胀珍珠岩、浮石、膨胀粘土、页岩和轻质陶粒放入粉碎机中，粉碎成180目的粉末，得到第一混合物；
步骤二，将纤维、高温陶瓷胶、粉煤灰、明矾、氧化钙和氧化铝混合在一起并且粉碎成380目的细粉，得到第二混合物；
步骤三，将第一混合物和第二混合物放置在一起并且加入总重量8倍的水，混合搅拌，混合均匀得到第一混合浆料；
步骤四，将水玻璃和膨润土混合并且加入总重量12倍的水中，在44℃下以220rpm的搅拌速度搅拌均匀，得到第二混合浆料；
步骤五，将第一混合浆料、第二混合浆料、憎水剂和阿司匹林混合均匀并且进行蒸汽加热，一个半小时内升温至206℃，并保温1.5小时，接着升温至255℃，反应3.5小时，这一阶段搅拌速度控制在45rpm，将得到的产品放入压机中并且压制成平板状；
步骤六，将压制好的板体放入窑炉中，在480℃保温1.5小时，然后在780℃烧制即可得到成品。
实施例3
一种墙体保温材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：膨胀珍珠岩23份、浮石11份、膨胀粘土6份、页岩10份、轻质陶粒16份、纤维5份、憎水剂3.5份、水玻璃8份、膨润土9份、高温陶瓷胶3份、粉煤灰17份、明矾5份、氧化钙8份、氧化铝6份和阿司匹林4.5份。纤维采用玻璃纤维、海泡石纤维和硅酸铝纤维的混合物。膨胀珍珠岩采用闭孔膨胀珍珠岩，氧化钙和氧化铝的粒度为50目，阿司匹林的粒度为160目。
所述墙体保温材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将膨胀珍珠岩、浮石、膨胀粘土、页岩和轻质陶粒放入粉碎机中，粉碎成220目的粉末，得到第一混合物；
步骤二，将纤维、高温陶瓷胶、粉煤灰、明矾、氧化钙和氧化铝混合在一起并且粉碎成400目的细粉，得到第二混合物；
步骤三，将第一混合物和第二混合物放置在一起并且加入总重量9倍的水，混合搅拌，混合均匀得到第一混合浆料；
步骤四，将水玻璃和膨润土混合并且加入总重量13倍的水中，搅拌均匀，得到第二混合浆料；
步骤五，将第一混合浆料、第二混合浆料、憎水剂和阿司匹林混合均匀并且进行蒸汽加热，一个半小时内升温至208℃，并保温2小时，接着升温至256℃，反应3小时，这一阶段搅拌速度控制在55rpm，将得到的产品放入压机中并且压制成平板状；
步骤六，将压制好的板体放入窑炉中，在490℃保温2小时，然后在840℃烧制即可得到成品。
实施例4
一种墙体保温材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：膨胀珍珠岩28份、浮石15份、膨胀粘土7份、页岩11份、轻质陶粒17份、纤维7份、憎水剂4份、水玻璃9份、膨润土11份、高温陶瓷胶3.5份、粉煤灰18份、明矾5份、氧化钙9份、氧化铝7.5份和阿司匹林5份。纤维采用木质纤维、水镁石纤维、玻璃纤维、海泡石纤维和硅酸铝纤维的混合物。膨胀珍珠岩采用闭孔膨胀珍珠岩，氧化钙和氧化铝的粒度为35目，阿司匹林的粒度为160目。
所述墙体保温材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将膨胀珍珠岩、浮石、膨胀粘土、页岩和轻质陶粒放入粉碎机中，粉碎成210目的粉末，得到第一混合物；
步骤二，将纤维、高温陶瓷胶、粉煤灰、明矾、氧化钙和氧化铝混合在一起并且粉碎成410目的细粉，得到第二混合物；
步骤三，将第一混合物和第二混合物放置在一起并且加入总重量11倍的水，混合搅拌，混合均匀得到第一混合浆料；
步骤四，将水玻璃和膨润土混合并且加入总重量13倍的水中，在52℃以270rpm的转速搅拌均匀，得到第二混合浆料；
步骤五，将第一混合浆料、第二混合浆料、憎水剂和阿司匹林混合均匀并且进行蒸汽加热，一个半小时内升温至212℃，并保温2.5小时，接着升温至262℃，反应3.5小时，这一阶段搅拌速度控制在40rpm，将得到的产品放入压机中并且压制成平板状；
步骤六，将压制好的板体放入窑炉中，在500℃保温2小时，然后在750℃烧制即可得到成品。
对比例
除不含有阿司匹林，对比例1的其余组分和制备方法均与实施例2相同。
将实施例1-4的产品、对比例1的产品和现有产品进行性能测试，得到的结果见表1。
表1
从表1中可以看出实施例1-4的产品在阻燃性、导热系数、抗拉强度和抗压强度上均优于对比例1的产品和现有产品。
本发明将第一混合浆料、第二混合浆料、憎水剂和阿司匹林混合均匀并且采用两段式蒸汽加热，使得第一混合浆料为基底，第二混合浆料、憎水剂和阿司匹林填充入基底的空隙中，可以抵抗坯体被过度压缩，烧制采用两段式烧制，产品的均匀性好，保证产品的质量。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (5)

1.一种墙体保温材料，其特征在于，由以下原料按照重量份组成：膨胀珍珠岩15-30份、浮石5-16份、膨胀粘土3-8份、页岩5-12份、轻质陶粒10-18份、纤维2-8份、憎水剂2-4.5份、水玻璃4-10份、膨润土3-12份、高温陶瓷胶1-4份、粉煤灰12-20份、明矾1-6份、氧化钙5-10份、氧化铝4-8份和阿司匹林1.5-6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的墙体保温材料，其特征在于，所述纤维采用木质纤维、水镁石纤维、玻璃纤维、海泡石纤维和硅酸铝纤维的一种或者几种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的墙体保温材料，其特征在于，所述膨胀珍珠岩采用闭孔膨胀珍珠岩，氧化钙和氧化铝的粒度为30-60目，阿司匹林的粒度为100-200目。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任一所述的墙体保温材料的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将膨胀珍珠岩、浮石、膨胀粘土、页岩和轻质陶粒放入粉碎机中，粉碎成150-240目的粉末，得到第一混合物；
步骤二，将纤维、高温陶瓷胶、粉煤灰、明矾、氧化钙和氧化铝混合在一起并且粉碎成350-420目的细粉，得到第二混合物；
步骤三，将第一混合物和第二混合物放置在一起并且加入总重量5-12倍的水，混合搅拌，混合均匀得到第一混合浆料；
步骤四，将水玻璃和膨润土混合并且加入总重量8-16倍的水中，搅拌均匀，得到第二混合浆料；
步骤五，将第一混合浆料、第二混合浆料、憎水剂和阿司匹林混合均匀并且进行蒸汽加热，一个半小时内升温至200-215℃，并保温1-2.5小时，接着升温至240-265℃，反应3-4小时，这一阶段搅拌速度控制在30-60rpm，将得到的产品放入压机中并且压制成平板状；
步骤六，将压制好的板体放入窑炉中，在450-520℃保温1-3小时，然后在700-900℃烧制即可得到成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的墙体保温材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤四中的搅拌速度为180-300rpm，搅拌温度为40-55℃。
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