CN107129115B - 一种碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理装置和工艺 - Google Patents
一种碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理装置和工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理装置和工艺，该工艺使安装于斜板沉淀区底部的潜水泵将硝化液泵入滤床上部，经由穿孔管均匀喷洒于滤床表面，硝化液自然下渗过程污泥被截留于滤层表面，水中溶解态磷酸盐与介质接触反应生成磷酸盐沉淀物以去除磷；滤床表面并行分为两个区，交替使用，一区使用时另一区表层污泥干化，定期清理，使得碳氮磷及生物处理的剩余污泥得到同时去除或处置。本发明比传统的一体化污水处理装置相比，增强了污水中磷的去除并同时实现了剩余污泥的有效处置。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于环境工程技术领域，涉及污水处理工艺，尤其是一种碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理装置和工艺。
背景技术
分散式污水处理工程由于污水量小，一体化污水处理装置得到广泛的应用。但是，目前污水处理工程中使用的一体化污水处理装置大多数都不具备除磷功能，或者即使具备生物除磷功能，也由于剩余污泥又被重新排入了化粪池而再次释放至污水中，少数设置有单独的污泥处置的工艺，因单靠生物除磷也难以达到较严格的排放标准要求。为解决一体化污水处理装置除磷及污泥处置问题，本发明提出了一个新颖的同时去除碳氮磷及处置剩余活性污泥的一体化处理工艺，旨为分散式污水处理，特别是农村污水处理提供一种全面去除污水中污染物并同时处置污泥的处理工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点，提供一种碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理装置和工艺。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
本发明首先提出一种碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理装置，在装有生物载体的厌氧/好氧生物膜处理单元+斜板沉淀单元构成的一体化生物处理反应器的基础上，在厌氧/好氧生物膜处理单元的厌氧区上部加设穿孔隔板，隔板上装填过滤介质，隔板和过滤介质组成滤床；在斜板沉淀区底部安装有潜水泵，所述潜水泵通过管道连接穿孔管，所述穿孔管设置在滤床上方。
进一步，上述过滤介质由石灰石及铁屑组成。
本发明还提出一种基于上述碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理装置的处理工艺：安装于斜板沉淀区底部的潜水泵将硝化液泵入滤床上部，经由穿孔管均匀喷洒于滤床表面，硝化液自然下渗过程污泥被截留于滤层表面，水中溶解态磷酸盐与介质接触反应生成磷酸盐沉淀物以去除磷；滤床表面并行分为两个区，交替使用，一区使用时另一区表层污泥干化，定期清理，使得碳氮磷及生物处理的剩余污泥得到同时去除或处置。
进一步，上述硝化液是泥水混合液。
进一步，上述介质至少包含有碳酸钙和铁屑。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1)本发明提出的碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理工艺完全不同于现有技术，为小流量污水处理工程提供了一种有益的方法。
2)本发明与传统一体化污水处理装置相比，巧妙的在传统一体化污水处理装置的厌氧区的上部设置了石灰石和铁屑为介质的过滤床，位于斜板沉淀区下部的潜水泵将硝化液(泥水混合液)回流至过滤床，使得硝化液中的污泥被截留在过滤床表面通过自然干化得到有效处置，而硝化液中溶解态磷酸盐与过滤床中介质反应形成磷酸盐沉淀，从而在去除碳氮磷的同时使得剩余污泥得到有效处置。
3)本发明还改善了硝化液回流至厌氧区会携带一定的溶解氧的弊端，并同时降低了沉淀区污泥的负荷。
附图说明
图1为本发明的碳氮磷及剩余污泥处置一体化装置示意图。
具体实施方式
参见图1：本发明碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理装置是在装有生物载体(填料)的厌氧/好氧生物膜处理单元+斜板沉淀(含紫外线消毒)单元构成的一体化生物处理反应器的基础上，在生物处理单元的厌氧区上部加设穿孔隔板，隔板上装填过滤介质，过滤介质由石灰石及铁屑组成，隔板和过滤介质组成滤床。在斜板沉淀区底部安装有潜水泵，所述潜水泵通过管道连接穿孔管，所述穿孔管设置在滤床上方。
本发明的处理工艺为：安装于斜板沉淀区底部的潜水泵将硝化液(泥水混合液)泵入滤床上部，经由穿孔管均匀喷洒于滤床表面，硝化液自然下渗过程污泥被截留于滤层表面，水中溶解态磷酸盐与介质(碳酸钙及铁屑等)接触反应生成磷酸盐沉淀物以去除磷。滤床表面并行分为两个区，交替使用，一区使用时另一区表层污泥自然干化，定期清理。从而使得碳氮磷及生物处理的剩余污泥得到同时去除或处置。
本发明提出的一体化污水处理工艺还可降低回流至厌氧池的泥水混合液中溶解氧浓度，改善反硝化效果。
本发明提出的一体化污水处理工艺还可降低沉淀区污泥负荷。
Claims (3)
1.一种碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理装置，其特征在于，在装有生物载体的厌氧/好氧生物膜处理单元+斜板沉淀区构成的一体化生物处理反应器的基础上，在厌氧/好氧生物膜处理单元的厌氧区上部加设穿孔隔板，隔板上装填过滤介质，隔板和过滤介质组成滤床，所述过滤介质由石灰石及铁屑组成；在斜板沉淀区底部安装有潜水泵，所述潜水泵通过管道连接穿孔管，所述穿孔管设置在滤床上方。
2.一种基于权利要求1所述碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理装置的处理工艺，其特征在于，安装于斜板沉淀区底部的潜水泵将硝化液泵入滤床上部，经由穿孔管均匀喷洒于滤床表面，硝化液自然下渗过程污泥被截留于滤层表面，水中溶解态磷酸盐与介质接触反应生成磷酸盐沉淀物以去除磷；滤床表面并行分为两个区，交替使用，一区使用时另一区表层污泥干化，定期清理，使得碳氮磷及生物处理的剩余污泥得到同时去除或处置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的碳氮磷及污泥处置一体化小型污水处理工艺，其特征在于，所述介质至少包含有碳酸钙和铁屑。
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