Magnetic suspension rotor supporting system, magnetic suspension motor and dust collector
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a small-sized magnetic suspension rotor supporting system, a magnetic suspension motor and a dust collector with the motor.
Background
Small electric motors are the most common form of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, and have wide application in household appliances and industrial fields. The conventional motor mainly comprises a motor stator part, a motor rotor part, a rotor supporting bearing and a shell part, wherein the motor stator part and the motor rotor part are connected through a mechanical bearing or are in mechanical contact, so that mechanical friction exists in the movement process of the electronic rotor.
Mechanical friction not only increases the friction resistance of the rotor, so that moving parts are worn, mechanical vibration and noise are generated, but also the parts can generate heat, so that the performance of the lubricant is deteriorated, the motor air gap is seriously uneven, the winding generates heat, and the temperature rise is increased, thereby reducing the motor efficiency and finally shortening the service life of the motor. Moreover, the mechanical bearings require lubricating oil to maintain, which affects the life of the motor and is disadvantageous for cleaning the equipment, so that a non-contact supporting mode, namely a magnetic suspension supporting mode, must be adopted in the motor in order to realize ultra-high-speed operation and long-life and clean oil-free of the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a magnetic suspension rotor supporting system, which solves the problems that a magnetic suspension motor in the prior art cannot be miniaturized and has high production cost;
another object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic levitation motor, which solves the problems of the prior art that the household appliances and the small-sized motors in the industrial field cannot realize high-speed operation and have a low service life.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a magnetic suspension rotor supporting system, which comprises a shell, a radial displacement sensor, a radial magnetic suspension bearing and an axial magnetic suspension bearing; the radial displacement sensor, the radial magnetic suspension bearing and the axial magnetic suspension bearing are coaxially arranged in the shell; the shell is provided with an opening along one end of the arrangement direction of the radial displacement sensor, the radial magnetic suspension bearing and the axial magnetic suspension bearing, the opening is used for accommodating a motor stator core, and the other end of the shell is provided with a shaft hole for extending out of a rotor shaft.
According to the invention, the inner cavity of the shell is arranged in a step shape, and the diameters of the step surfaces of each level from the opening of the shell to the shaft hole are gradually reduced; the first-stage step surface at the opening of the shell is used for fixing a motor stator core, the radial displacement sensor, the radial magnetic suspension bearing and the axial magnetic suspension bearing are respectively fixed on different step surfaces between the first-stage step surface and the shaft hole, and the axial magnetic suspension bearing is positioned between the shaft hole and the radial magnetic suspension bearing.
According to the invention, the shell is arranged in a hollowed-out manner.
According to the invention, the outer side of the shell is provided with the supporting ribs arranged along the direction from the opening of the shell to the shaft hole, the supporting ribs are provided with a plurality of supporting ribs, and the supporting ribs are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shell.
According to the invention, a floating ring which is coaxially arranged with the radial magnetic suspension bearing is fixed on the last stage step surface which is clung to the shaft hole.
According to the invention, the floating ring is a mechanical bearing, a graphite ring or a metal ring.
The invention also provides a magnetic suspension motor, which comprises a motor stator core, a rotor shaft and two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems, wherein the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the motor stator core, and shell openings of the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems are in butt joint to form a motor shell; the rotor shaft is sleeved in the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems and the motor stator core, and gaps are reserved between the rotor shaft, the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems and the motor stator core in the radial direction; the output end of the rotor shaft extends out of the shaft hole of the magnetic suspension rotor supporting system; and an axial displacement sensor for measuring the axial displacement of the rotor shaft.
According to the invention, one end of the rotor shaft is an output end, the other end is a non-output end, and the axial displacement sensor is fixed at the shaft hole of the magnetic suspension rotor supporting system corresponding to the non-output end.
According to the invention, the connecting positions of the shells of the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems are provided with matched inner rabbets and outer rabbets.
According to the invention, a permanent magnet is sleeved at the matching position of the rotor shaft and the motor stator core.
According to the invention, the outer side of the permanent magnet is covered with a sheath.
According to the invention, the sheath is made of carbon fiber.
The invention also provides a dust collector comprising the magnetic suspension motor.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The magnetic suspension rotor supporting system integrates the radial displacement sensor, the radial magnetic suspension bearing and the axial magnetic suspension bearing into a shell, can be used for supporting one end of a motor rotor shaft, has a compact structure and is suitable for production of small motors; when the motor is used, the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems are spliced to complete the assembly of the motor, so that the modular production is realized, compared with the motor formed by assembling a plurality of independent parts, the number of the parts is smaller during the modular production, the coaxiality of each part in the magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems can be ensured at first, the overall coaxiality precision of the motor is improved, the production efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
(2) The magnetic suspension motor provided by the embodiment of the invention is formed by splicing the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems, has a compact structure, realizes non-contact support of a rotor shaft of the motor, enables the motor to operate at an ultrahigh rotating speed, an ultrastable and an hyperstatic state, breaks away from the limit of a mechanical bearing, can realize long service life of equipment, is clean and oilless, and is suitable for household appliances, industrial field small industrial equipment and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a magnetic levitation rotor support system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a magnetic levitation rotor manufacturing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a magnetic levitation motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an exploded view of a magnetic levitation motor provided with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 101: a magnetic levitation rotor support system; 1: a housing; 2: a radial displacement sensor; 3: radial magnetic suspension bearing; 4: an axial magnetic suspension bearing; 5: a shaft hole; 6: a support rib; 7: a floating ring; 8: a motor stator core; 9: a rotor shaft; 10: an axial displacement sensor; 11: permanent magnets.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a magnetic suspension rotor supporting system 101 provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1, a radial displacement sensor 2, a radial magnetic suspension bearing 3, and an axial magnetic suspension bearing 4; the radial displacement sensor 2, the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 and the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4 are coaxially arranged in the shell 1; the housing 1 is provided with openings at one end in the arrangement direction of the radial displacement sensor 2, the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 and the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4 for accommodating the motor stator core 8, and a shaft hole 5 for extending the rotor shaft 9 at the other end. The magnetic suspension rotor supporting system 101 provided by the embodiment of the invention integrates the radial displacement sensor 2, the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 and the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4 into the shell 1, can be used for supporting one end of the motor rotor shaft 9, has a compact structure and is suitable for the production of small motors; when the motor is used, the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems 101 are spliced to complete the assembly of the motor, so that the modular production is realized, compared with the motor formed by assembling a plurality of independent parts, the number of parts is smaller during the modular production, the coaxiality of each part in the magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems 101 can be ensured at first, the overall coaxiality precision of the motor is improved, the production efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the inner cavity of the housing 1 is arranged in a step shape, and the diameters of the step surfaces at each level from the opening of the housing 1 to the shaft hole 5 are gradually reduced; the first-stage step surface at the opening of the shell 1 is used for fixing a motor stator core 8, the radial displacement sensor 2, the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 and the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4 are respectively fixed on different step surfaces between the first-stage step surface and the shaft hole 5, and the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4 is positioned between the shaft hole 5 and the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3. Because the diameter of the rotor shaft 9 at the corresponding position of the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4 is smaller, if the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4 is arranged at a position closer to the motor stator core 8, the shaft diameter of the rotor shaft 9 can be changed too much, the strength and the service life of the rotor shaft 9 are affected, and because the buoyancy provided by the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 is related to the adsorption area, if the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4 is arranged at a position closer to the motor stator core 8, the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 is arranged at a position relatively far away from the motor stator core 8, and under the condition of providing the same buoyancy, the thickness of the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 which is required to be arranged due to the small diameter of the rotating shaft can be increased. Therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the shell 1 is arranged in a step shape, and the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4 is arranged between the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 and the shaft hole 5, so that the service performance of the motor is ensured, and meanwhile, the space can be further saved, and the structure is more compact.
Preferably, the housing 1 in this embodiment is provided in a hollowed-out manner. The shell 1 is hollow, so that heat dissipation is facilitated, materials are reduced, and wiring is facilitated. Further, in the present embodiment, the outer side of the housing 1 is provided with a plurality of support ribs 6 arranged along the direction from the opening of the housing 1 to the shaft hole 5, the support ribs 6 are provided with a plurality of support ribs 6, and the plurality of support ribs 6 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the housing 1. The provision of the support ribs 6 contributes to the improvement of the strength of the housing 1.
Preferably, a floating ring 7 coaxially arranged with the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 is fixed on the final stage surface close to the shaft hole 5 in this embodiment. Further, the floating ring 7 may be a mechanical bearing, a graphite ring or a metal ring. The clearance between the floating ring 7 and the rotor shaft 9 is smaller than the clearance between the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 and the rotor shaft 9, and the clearance is used for assisting the rotor shaft 9 to float when the motor starts and supporting the rotor shaft 9 when the motor stops, and plays a role in supporting and protecting when the rotor shaft 9 stops running and falls. The floating ring 7 is not limited to the above-described forms, and may be a ring made of other materials. In addition, the floating function of the floating ring 7 can be realized directly by the shaft hole 5, and the independent floating ring 7 is not arranged any more, but since the shell 1 is generally made of plastic, the strength and the hardness are difficult to ensure that the rotor shaft 9 can be supported and protected for a long time.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a magnetic suspension motor, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, which comprises a motor stator core 8, a rotor shaft 9 and two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems 101, wherein the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems 101 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the motor stator core 8, and the openings of the shells 1 of the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems 101 are in butt joint to form a motor shell; the rotor shaft 9 is sleeved in the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems 101 and the motor stator core 8, and gaps are reserved between the rotor shaft 9, the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems 101 and the motor stator core 8 in the radial direction; the output end of the rotor shaft 9 extends out of the shaft hole 5 of the magnetic suspension rotor supporting system 101; an axial displacement sensor 10 for measuring the axial displacement of the rotor shaft 9 is also included. When the motor does not work, the rotor falls on the floating ring 7, and when the floating ring 7 is not arranged, the rotor directly falls on the shaft hole 5 of the shell 1, and when the motor starts to work, the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 and the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4 are actively controlled according to the detection positions of the radial displacement sensor 2 and the axial displacement sensor 10, the suspension of the rotor shaft 9 is achieved by controlling the suction force of the radial magnetic suspension bearing 3 and the axial magnetic suspension bearing 4, and the output end of the rotor shaft 9 outputs torque to start to work. When the motor finishes working, the motor stops outputting torque, the rotor shaft 9 is decelerated to zero in a suspension state, then the magnetic suspension bearing stops working, and the rotor shaft 9 falls back to a floating position. The high-speed magnetic suspension motor provided by the embodiment of the invention is formed by splicing the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems 101, has a compact structure, realizes non-contact support of the motor rotor shaft 9, enables the motor rotor shaft to operate at an ultra-high rotating speed, ultra-stably and ultra-statically, and can realize long service life of equipment without the limitation of mechanical bearings, thereby being clean and oilless and being suitable for household appliances, industrial field small industrial equipment and the like.
Preferably, in this embodiment, one end of the rotor shaft 9 is an output end, the other end is a non-output end, and the axial displacement sensor 10 is fixed at the shaft hole 5 of the magnetic suspension rotor supporting system 101 corresponding to the non-output end. The axial displacement sensor 10 is fixed at the non-output end of the rotor shaft 9, does not occupy the space in the shell 1, and has a more compact overall structure.
Preferably, the connection position of the shells 1 of the two magnetic levitation rotor support systems 101 in this embodiment is provided with an inner spigot and an outer spigot that are matched. The two shells 1 can be positioned accurately by matching the inner spigot and the outer spigot, which are arranged, so that the coaxiality of the two magnetic suspension rotor supporting systems 101 can be maintained. The connection between the two housings 1 may be by means of a pin connection, or may be by means of an adhesive, screw connection, or the like.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the permanent magnet 11 is sleeved at the matching position of the rotor shaft 9 and the motor stator core 8. The permanent magnet 11 and the rotor shaft 9 form a rotor assembly to rotate together, so that the motor becomes a permanent magnet motor, and compared with a common motor, the permanent magnet 11 occupies small space and has a more compact structure. Further, the outer side of the permanent magnet 11 in this embodiment is covered with a sheath. The sheath is arranged to prevent the permanent magnet 11 from being broken under the action of centrifugal force, so that the service life of the permanent magnet 11 is prolonged. Specifically, the rotor shaft 9 in this embodiment may be made of a high-strength magnetic conductive material such as 40cr,40crnimo, or the like. The sheath is made of high-strength non-magnetic conductive materials such as carbon fiber, 3J40, G H4169. The high-strength low-density carbon fiber material is adopted, so that the weight reduction of the motor is ensured to a greater extent. The stator core 8 of the radial magnetic suspension magnetic bearing motor adopts high magnetic conduction materials such as silicon steel, electrical pure iron and 1J50,1J22.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a dust collector which comprises the magnetic suspension motor. The service life of the dust collector is prolonged, the noise is reduced, and the system performance is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.