CN107122927A - A kind of water transfer drainage water environment improvement integrated evaluating method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water transfer drainage water environment improvement integrated evaluating method, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：S1, the index and data for obtaining reflection water transfer drainage water environment improvement；S2, set up water environment improvement overall evaluation system；S3, tax power carried out to These parameters using PCA and Information Entropy；S4, each section score of synthesis, it is then determined that each scheme points, comprehensive evaluation analysis is carried out to water transfer drainage water environment improvement.Compared with prior art, instant invention overcomes in traditional evaluation method exist take a part for the whole, the defect that Consideration is not comprehensive enough.The present invention is comprehensive, comprehensively consider each index factor, objective, science, reasonably evaluation water transfer drainage water environment improvement, to show that hydrodynamic force, water quality, economically optimal water transfer drainage scheme provide foundation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water environment evaluation method, in particular to a comprehensive evaluation method for the water environment improvement effect of water diversion drainage.
Background
With the continuous growth of urban population, the rapid development of urban economy and the continuous promotion of urbanization process, the water environment problem becomes more serious under the influence of human activities. At present, the diversion drainage is widely applied to river pollution control and ecological environment restoration nationwide due to the characteristics of quick effect and obvious effect, and meanwhile, the diversion drainage engineering is also one of effective measures and ways for water resource redistribution in countries or regions with unbalanced water resource space distribution.
The water adjusting and draining method generally adopts relatively clean water as a water supply source, introduces water with good water quality into a polluted river channel, and can quickly dilute and reduce the relative concentration of pollutants in the water, thereby increasing the purification-pollution ratio of the water, greatly improving the dilution capacity of the water, and reducing the harm degree of the pollutants in the water. The hydrodynamic force condition of the water body is improved during water transfer, the reoxygenation amount of the water body is increased, the self-purification capacity of the water body is improved, and meanwhile, the water transfer enables polluted water bodies in a dead water area and a non-mainstream area to be replaced. Meanwhile, the water diversion also changes the flow direction of the river network water body, so that the water body is changed into unidirectional flow from static or reciprocating flow, and the migration of pollutants to the periphery of the area is accelerated.
Due to hydrology, water quality, boundary conditions and the complexity of hydraulic structures, various water diversion and drainage schemes can be formulated, and the water diversion effects of different water diversion schemes are different. In order to research the optimal combination of water diversion and drainage under different working conditions, hydrodynamic water quality is simulated through a field water diversion experiment and a water environment mathematical model, so that the effects of a water diversion and drainage scheme are obtained, including the improvement rate of various water quality indexes, the water change rate and the like. In the traditional research of the water diversion and drainage scheme, a single index is mostly used as an evaluation standard, or subjective evaluation is carried out on multiple indexes, so that the defect of partial completeness exists, the consideration factors are not comprehensive enough, and a comprehensive evaluation method which is objective, scientific and reasonable in water diversion and drainage water environment improvement effect is lacked.
In order to objectively, scientifically and reasonably evaluate the water diversion and drainage water environment improvement effect and comprehensively consider all factors to obtain an optimal water diversion and drainage scheme in terms of hydrodynamic force, water quality and economy, the invention provides a novel method for comprehensively evaluating the water diversion and drainage water environment improvement effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel method for comprehensively and comprehensively considering all factors to obtain the comprehensive evaluation of the water conditioning and drainage water environment improvement effect with optimal hydrodynamic force, water quality and economy.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a comprehensive evaluation method for the improvement effect of a water diversion drainage water environment comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining indexes and data reflecting the improvement effect of the water diversion drainage water environment;
s2, establishing a comprehensive evaluation system for the water environment improvement effect;
s3, weighting the indexes by adopting a principal component analysis method and an entropy method;
and S4, synthesizing each section score, then determining each scheme score, and performing comprehensive evaluation analysis on the improvement effect of the water-conditioning drainage water environment.
The index and data in step S1 are derived from actual detection or mathematical model simulation.
The indexes in the step S1 include a water quality improvement index, a hydrodynamic improvement index, and an economic index;
wherein the water quality improvement index comprises Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) improvement rate, five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) improvement rate5) Ammonia nitrogen improvement rate (NH)3-N), Total Nitrogen improvement (TN), Total phosphorus improvement (TP), permanganate index improvement (COD)Mn)，
The hydrodynamic improvement index is the water change rate,
the economic indicator is the cost saving rate.
The data in the step S1 includes hydrological data, water quality data, and economic data;
the hydrological data comprises river channel section area, water depth and water level;
the water quality data includes Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) before and after diversion and drainage, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) for five days5) Ammonia Nitrogen (NH)3-N), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), permanganate index (COD)Mn)；
The economic data comprises project budget and the construction and maintenance cost of hydraulic buildings.
The comprehensive evaluation system for the improvement effect of the water environment in the step S2 comprises a target layer, an index layer and a sub-index layer;
the target layer is a comprehensive evaluation index of the water environment improvement effect;
the index layer comprises hydrodynamic improvement effect evaluation indexes, water quality improvement effect evaluation indexes and economic evaluation indexes;
the sub-index layer under the evaluation index of the water quality improvement effect comprises an evaluation index of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) improvement rate and five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)5) Evaluation index of improvement rate and ammonia Nitrogen (NH)3-N) improvement rate evaluation index, Total Nitrogen (TN) improvement rateEvaluation index, Total Phosphorus (TP) improvement rate evaluation index, permanganate index (COD)Mn) Evaluation index of improvement rate.
The weighting of the indicator in step S3 includes the following steps:
a1 determination of the principal Components of evaluation index for Water quality improvement Effect
Performing dimensionality reduction treatment on the water quality improvement effect evaluation index system by adopting a principal component analysis method, and performing multiple water quality evaluation indexes (X)1，X2，…，Xm) Converted into a group of water quality comprehensive indexes (F) with less number1，F2，…，Fn)。
Assuming that each of the a schemes includes p sets of water quality data (p is a × k) with k sections, the raw data of m evaluation indexes form a matrix [ x [ ]ij *]p×mNormalizing the data to eliminate dimension influence and obtain normalized matrix xij]p×m：
Wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j is 1, 2, …, m; minxj *And maxxj *Respectively is the minimum value and the maximum value of the jth index in each group;
the covariance matrix ∑ ═(s) is calculatedij)m×m：
Wherein s isijOriginal variable X as water quality evaluation indexiAnd XjThe correlation coefficient of (a); i, j ═ 1, 2, …, m;
the covariance matrix after data normalization is the correlation coefficient matrix, calculated ∑Characteristic value lambdai(i-1, 2, …, m; descending order) and corresponding unit feature vector ai(i＝1，2，…，m)，aijRepresents a vector aiThe cumulative contribution rate g (n) is calculated as:
according to the principle of selecting the number of the main components, the characteristic value lambda of which the characteristic value requirement is more than 1 and the accumulative contribution rate is more than 85 percent1，λ2，…，λnCorresponding 1, 2, …, n, wherein the integer n is the number of the principal components.
The principal component function expression is:
wherein a isijRepresenting principal component coefficients, also unit feature vectors aiThe jth component of (2), XjIndicates a water quality evaluation index (original variable), FiIndicates a water quality comprehensive evaluation index (principal component), i is 1, 2, …, n.
In summary, each water quality index is expressed as a linear combination of water quality evaluation indexes, and a plurality of water quality evaluation indexes (X)1，X2，…，Xm) Converted into a group of water quality comprehensive indexes (F) with less number1，F2，…，Fn)。
A2, water change rate is calculated as follows:
α＝V1/V0(6)
wherein α is the water change rate, V1For introducing and discharging water V0Is the original river water amount.
A3, the cost savings rate is calculated as follows:
the cost saving rate is used as an economic index, positive numbers represent saving, and negative numbers represent overburdening.
S＝Ep-Er(7)
Rs＝S/Ep×100％ (8)
Wherein S is a cost saving factor, EpBudget expenditure for total costs, ErIn order to actually pay out the amount of the fee,
Rsthe cost is saved.
A4, calculating entropy weight of water environment improvement effect evaluation index
Through principal component analysis, m water quality evaluation indexes are simplified into n water quality comprehensive indexes.
Assuming that, in step a1, each of the a plans includes p sets of data (p ═ a × k) for k sections, where raw data of N (N ═ N +2) evaluation indexes (water quality comprehensive index, hydrodynamic index, and economic index) form a matrix [ r, rij *]p×NAll the indexes are forward indexes, the data are standardized to eliminate the influence of dimension, and the standardized matrix is [ r [ ]ij]p×NThe formula is as follows:
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
in the formula, rijNumerical value, min, representing jth index of ith group of dataj *And maxrj *The minimum value and the maximum value of the j index in each group are respectively.
Calculating the specific gravity f of the jth index value in the ith group of dataijInformation entropy HjInformation redundancy djThe index weight Wj：
Wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N; the constant k is 1/ln (p);
dj＝1-Hj(12)
wherein j is 1, 2, …, N;
wherein j is 1, 2, …, N;
the single index evaluation is divided into:
Sij＝Wj×rij(14)
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
in the above step S4, the method for synthesizing each cross-section score and determining each plan score is as follows: each of the A schemes comprises p groups of data of k sections, and N evaluation indexes are used for obtaining a single section evaluation score SiComprises the following steps:
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
each scheme score TiThe sum of the scores corresponding to the k sections
Wherein h is 1, 2, …, a; i ═ 1, 2, …, p (p ═ a × k).
The invention has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the method overcomes the defects of partial completeness and incomplete consideration factors in the traditional evaluation method.
The invention comprehensively and comprehensively considers each index factor, objectively, scientifically and reasonably evaluates the water regulation and drainage water environment improvement effect, and provides a basis for obtaining an optimal water regulation and drainage scheme in terms of hydrodynamic force, water quality and economy. Has strong practicability and wide applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a comprehensive evaluation method for the improvement effect of a water diversion drainage water environment provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a comprehensive evaluation system for the improvement effect of the water conditioning drainage water environment provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
A comprehensive evaluation method for the improvement effect of a water diversion drainage water environment comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining indexes and data reflecting the water conditioning and drainage water environment improvement effect according to actual detection or mathematical model simulation calculation; the indexes include water quality improvement index, hydrodynamic improvement index and economic index.
Wherein,the water quality improvement index includes Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) improvement rate, five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) improvement rate5) Ammonia nitrogen improvement rate (NH)3-N), Total Nitrogen improvement (TN), Total phosphorus improvement (TP), permanganate index improvement (COD)Mn)，
The hydrodynamic improvement index is the water change rate;
the economic index is the cost saving rate;
the data comprises hydrological data, water quality data and economic data;
the hydrological data comprise river channel section area, water depth and water level;
the water quality data includes Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) before and after diversion and drainage, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) for five days5) Ammonia Nitrogen (NH)3-N), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), permanganate index (COD)Mn)；
The economic data comprises project budget and the construction and maintenance cost of hydraulic buildings.
S2, establishing a comprehensive evaluation system of the water environment improvement effect, wherein the comprehensive evaluation system comprises a target layer, an index layer and a sub-index layer.
The target layer is a comprehensive evaluation index of the water environment improvement effect;
the index layer comprises hydrodynamic improvement effect evaluation indexes, water quality improvement effect evaluation indexes and economic evaluation indexes;
the sub-index layer under the evaluation index of the water quality improvement effect comprises an evaluation index of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) improvement rate and five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)5) Evaluation index of improvement rate and ammonia Nitrogen (NH)3-N) improvement rate evaluation index, Total Nitrogen (TN) improvement rate evaluation index, Total Phosphorus (TP) improvement rate evaluation index, permanganate index (COD)Mn) Evaluation index of improvement rate.
S3, weighting the indexes by adopting a principal component analysis method and an entropy method, and comprising the following steps:
a1 determination of the principal Components of evaluation index for Water quality improvement Effect
Performing dimensionality reduction treatment on the water quality improvement effect evaluation index system by adopting a principal component analysis method, and performing multiple water quality evaluation indexes (X)1，X2，…，Xm) Converted into a group of water quality comprehensive indexes (F) with less number1，F2，…，Fn)。
Assuming that each of the a schemes includes p sets of water quality data (p is a × k) with k sections, the raw data of m evaluation indexes form a matrix [ x [ ]ij *]p×mNormalizing the data to eliminate dimension influence and obtain normalized matrix xij]p×m：
Wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j is 1, 2, …, m; minxj *And maxxj *Respectively is the minimum value and the maximum value of the jth index in each group;
the covariance matrix ∑ ═(s) is calculatedij)m×m：
Wherein s isijOriginal variable X as water quality evaluation indexiAnd XjThe correlation coefficient of (a); i, j ═ 1, 2, …, m;
the covariance matrix after data normalization is the correlation coefficient matrix, and the eigenvalue lambda of ∑ is calculatedi(i-1, 2, …, m; descending order) and corresponding unit feature vector ai(i＝1，2，…，m)，aijRepresents a vector aiThe cumulative contribution rate g (n) is calculated as:
according to the principle of selecting the number of the main components, the characteristic value lambda of which the characteristic value requirement is more than 1 and the accumulative contribution rate is more than 85 percent1，λ2，…，λnCorresponding 1, 2, …, n, wherein the integer n is the number of the principal components.
The principal component function expression is:
wherein a isijRepresenting principal component coefficients, also unit feature vectors aiThe jth component of (2), XjIndicates a water quality evaluation index (original variable), FiIndicates a water quality comprehensive evaluation index (principal component), i is 1, 2, …, n.
In summary, each water quality index is expressed as a linear combination of water quality evaluation indexes, and a plurality of water quality evaluation indexes (X)1，X2，…，Xm) Converted into a group of water quality comprehensive indexes (F) with less number1，F2，…，Fn)。
A2, water change rate is calculated as follows:
α＝V1/V0(6)
wherein α is the water change rate, V1For introducing and discharging water V0Is the original river water amount.
A3, the cost savings rate is calculated as follows:
the cost saving rate is used as an economic index, positive numbers represent saving, and negative numbers represent overburdening.
S＝Ep-Er(7)
Rs＝S/Ep×100％ (8)
Wherein S is a cost saving factor, EpBudget expenditure for total costs, ErFor actual expenditure of costs, RsThe cost is saved.
A4, calculating entropy weight of water environment improvement effect evaluation index
Through principal component analysis, m water quality evaluation indexes are simplified into n water quality comprehensive indexes.
Assuming that, in step a1, each of the a plans includes p sets of data (p ═ a × k) for k sections, where raw data of N (N ═ N +2) evaluation indexes (water quality comprehensive index, hydrodynamic index, and economic index) form a matrix [ r, rij *]p×NAll the indexes are forward indexes, the data are standardized to eliminate the influence of dimension, and the standardized matrix is [ r [ ]ij]p×NThe formula is as follows:
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
in the formula, rijNumerical value, min, representing jth index of ith group of dataj *And maxrj *The minimum value and the maximum value of the j index in each group are respectively.
Calculating the specific gravity f of the jth index value in the ith group of dataijInformation entropy HjInformation redundancy djThe index weight Wj：
Wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N; the constant k is 1/ln (p);
dj＝1-Hj(12)
wherein j is 1, 2, …, N;
wherein j is 1, 2, …, N;
the single index evaluation is divided into:
Sij＝Wj×rij(14)
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
s4, synthesizing each section score, then determining each scheme score, and carrying out comprehensive evaluation analysis on the water conditioning improvement effect of the drainage water environment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: each of the A schemes comprises p groups of data of k sections, and N evaluation indexes are used for obtaining a single section evaluation score SiComprises the following steps:
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
each scheme score TiThe sum of the scores corresponding to the k sections
Wherein h is 1, 2, …, a; i ═ 1, 2, …, p (p ═ a × k).
And obtaining the optimal scheme after descending order arrangement.
The following describes the treatment process of the method according to the embodiment of the present invention, taking the data from the diversion and drainage test of a river network in a certain city as an example.
1. The data related to multiple indexes reflecting the improvement effect of the diversion drainage water environment are obtained and shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 relevant indices and data (unit:%)
2. A comprehensive evaluation system for improving the water environment is established, which is shown in figure 2,
the comprehensive evaluation system for the improvement effect of the water environment in the embodiment comprises a target layer, an index layer and a sub-index layer. The target layer is a comprehensive evaluation index of the improvement effect of the water diversion drainage water environment; the index layer comprises hydrodynamic improvement effect evaluation indexes (specifically water change rate), water quality improvement effect evaluation indexes and economic evaluation indexes (specifically cost saving rate); wherein the evaluation index of water quality improvement effect comprises sub-index layer including Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)5) Ammonia Nitrogen (NH)3-N), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), permanganate index (COD)Mn) And evaluating the water quality improvement rate.
3. And weighting each index by adopting a principal component analysis method and an entropy method. Firstly, a plurality of water quality evaluation indexes are converted into a group of water quality comprehensive indexes with a small number by a principal component analysis method, and the results of the cumulative contribution rate and the principal component coefficient are shown in tables 2 and 3. According to the principle of selecting the number of the principal components, under the general condition, the characteristic value is required to be more than 1 and the accumulated contribution rate is more than 85 percent, so the first two are taken and named as principal components F1、F2。
TABLE 2 cumulative contribution rate
TABLE 3 coefficient of principal component
The expression of the principal component function can be obtained:
F1＝a11×X1+a12×X2+a13×X3+a14×X4
F2＝a21×X1+a22×X2+a23×X3+a24×X4
substituting the coefficient values to obtain:
F1＝-0.32×X1+0.67×X2+0.63×X3-0.20×X4
F2＝0.63×X1+0.22×X2+0.30×X3+0.68×X4
converting four water quality evaluation indexes into F1、F2The two comprehensive water quality evaluation indexes and the simplified related indexes and data serve as initial data for weighting by an entropy method, and are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 simplified relevant indices and data (unit:%)
Then, the entropy weight of the evaluation index of the water environment improvement effect is calculated, and the result is shown in table 5. Wherein the main component F2The weight is the largest and the number of the weights is the largest,over 50%, the cost saving rate weight is the minimum, less than 1%. Therefore, through calculation, in the embodiment, the water quality improvement effect is mainly considered in the comprehensive evaluation of the water conditioning and drainage water environment improvement effect, and the hydrodynamic improvement effect is secondly considered, so that the economic index has small influence on the comprehensive evaluation.
Table 5 entropy weights of indexes
4. And synthesizing the scores of all the sections, and then determining the scores of all the schemes to obtain the total scores of all the schemes in the water quality improvement effect, the hydrodynamic improvement effect, the economic index and the water environment comprehensive evaluation index, so as to obtain the optimal schemes under different targets, wherein the results are shown in tables 6 and 7.
TABLE 6 Water diversion drainage protocol composite score
TABLE 7 Water diversion drainage scheme Multi-objective score
In this embodiment, through calculation, the scores of the water quality improvement effect, the hydrodynamic improvement effect, the economic indicator and the comprehensive water environment evaluation indicator are all the highest in the case of the score of the scheme 3, so that the scheme 3 is not only the optimal scheme for the water quality, the hydrodynamic force or the economic single target, but also the optimal scheme for the comprehensive water environment improvement effect.
In conclusion, the comprehensive evaluation method for the water diversion and drainage water environment improvement effect comprehensively and comprehensively considers each index factor, objectively, scientifically and reasonably evaluates the water diversion and drainage water environment improvement effect, and provides a basis for obtaining an optimal water diversion and drainage scheme in terms of hydrodynamic force, water quality and economy.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A comprehensive evaluation method for the improvement effect of a water diversion drainage water environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining indexes and data reflecting the improvement effect of the water diversion drainage water environment;
s2, establishing a comprehensive evaluation system for the water environment improvement effect;
s3, weighting the indexes by adopting a principal component analysis method and an entropy method;
and S4, synthesizing each section score, then determining each scheme score, and performing comprehensive evaluation analysis on the improvement effect of the water-conditioning drainage water environment.
2. The comprehensive evaluation method for the improvement effect of the water diversion drainage water environment according to claim 1, wherein the indexes and data in the step S1 are derived from actual detection or mathematical model simulation calculation.
3. The comprehensive evaluation method for the improvement effect of the water conditioning and drainage environment according to claim 1, wherein the indexes in the step S1 comprise a water quality improvement index, a hydrodynamic improvement index and an economic index;
wherein the water quality improvement index comprises Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) improvement rate, five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) improvement rate5) Ammonia nitrogen improvement rate (NH)3-N), Total Nitrogen improvement (TN), Total phosphorus improvement (TP), permanganate index improvement (COD)Mn)，
The hydrodynamic improvement index is the water change rate,
the economic indicator is the cost saving rate.
4. The comprehensive evaluation method for the improvement effect of the water diversion drainage water environment according to claim 1, wherein the data in the step S1 comprises hydrological data, water quality data and economic data;
the hydrological data comprises river channel section area, water depth and water level;
the water quality data includes Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) before and after diversion and drainage, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) for five days5) Ammonia Nitrogen (NH)3-N), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), permanganate index (COD)Mn)；
The economic data comprises project budget and the construction and maintenance cost of hydraulic buildings.
5. The method for comprehensively evaluating the improvement effect of the water diversion drainage water environment according to claim 1, wherein the comprehensive evaluation system for the improvement effect of the water environment in the step S2 comprises a target layer, an index layer and a sub-index layer;
the target layer is a comprehensive evaluation index of the water environment improvement effect;
the index layer comprises hydrodynamic improvement effect evaluation indexes, water quality improvement effect evaluation indexes and economic evaluation indexes;
the sub-index layer under the evaluation index of the water quality improvement effect comprises an evaluation index of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) improvement rate and five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)5) Evaluation index of improvement rate and ammonia Nitrogen (NH)3-N) improvement rate evaluation index, Total Nitrogen (TN) improvement rate evaluation index, Total Phosphorus (TP) improvement rate evaluation index, permanganate index (COD)Mn) Evaluation index of improvement rate.
6. The comprehensive evaluation method for the improvement effect of the water diversion drainage water environment according to claim 1, wherein the step of assigning weights to the indexes in the step S3 comprises the following steps:
a1 determination of the principal Components of evaluation index for Water quality improvement Effect
Performing dimensionality reduction treatment on the water quality improvement effect evaluation index system by adopting a principal component analysis method, and performing multiple water quality evaluation indexes (X)1，X2，…，Xm) Converted into a group of water quality comprehensive indexes (F) with less number1，F2，…，Fn)；
Assuming that each of the a schemes includes p sets of water quality data (p is a × k) with k sections, the raw data of m evaluation indexes form a matrix [ x [ ]ij *]p×mNormalizing the data to eliminate dimension influence and obtain normalized matrix xij]p×m：
Wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j is 1, 2, …, m; minxj *And maxxj *Respectively is the minimum value and the maximum value of the jth index in each group;
the covariance matrix ∑ ═(s) is calculatedij)m×m：
Wherein s isijOriginal variable X as water quality evaluation indexiAnd XjThe correlation coefficient of (a); i, j ═ 1, 2, …, m;
the covariance matrix after data normalization is the correlation coefficient matrix, and the eigenvalue lambda of ∑ is calculatedi(i-1, 2, …, m; descending order) and corresponding unit feature vector ai(i＝1，2，…，m)，aijRepresents a vector aiThe cumulative contribution rate g (n) is calculated as:
according to the principle of selecting the number of the main components, the characteristic value lambda of which the characteristic value requirement is more than 1 and the accumulative contribution rate is more than 85 percent1，λ2，…，λnCorresponding 1, 2, …, n, wherein the integer n is the number of the main components;
the principal component function expression is:
wherein a isijRepresenting principal component coefficients, also unit feature vectors aiThe jth component of (2), XjIndicates a water quality evaluation index (original variable), FiIndicates a water quality comprehensive evaluation index (principal component), i is 1, 2, …, n;
in summary, each water quality index is expressed as a linear combination of water quality evaluation indexes, and a plurality of water quality evaluation indexes (X)1，X2，…，Xm) Converted into a group of water quality comprehensive indexes (F) with less number1，F2，…，Fn)；
A2, water change rate is calculated as follows:
α＝V1/V0(6)
wherein α is the water change rate, V1For introducing and discharging water V0The water quantity of the original river channel is obtained;
a3, the cost savings rate is calculated as follows:
the cost saving rate is used as an economic index, positive numbers represent saving, and negative numbers represent overbooking;
S＝Ep-Er(7)
Rs＝S/Ep×100％ (8)
wherein S is a cost saving factor, EpBudget expenditure for total costs, ErFor actual expenditure of costs, RsThe cost is saved;
a4, calculating entropy weight of water environment improvement effect evaluation index
Through principal component analysis, m water quality evaluation indexes are simplified into n water quality comprehensive indexes;
assuming that, in step a1, each of the a plans includes p sets of data (p ═ a × k) for k sections, where raw data of N (N ═ N +2) evaluation indexes (water quality comprehensive index, hydrodynamic index, and economic index) form a matrix [ r, rij *]p×NAll the indexes are forward indexes, the data are standardized to eliminate the influence of dimension, and the standardized matrix is [ r [ ]ij]p×NThe formula is as follows:
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
in the formula, rijNumerical value, min, representing jth index of ith group of dataj *And maxrj *Respectively is the minimum value and the maximum value of the jth index in each group;
calculating the specific gravity f of the jth index value in the ith group of dataijInformation entropy HjInformation redundancy djThe index weight Wj：
Wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N; the constant k is 1/ln (p);
dj＝1-Hj(12)
wherein j is 1, 2, …, N;
wherein j is 1, 2, …, N;
the single index evaluation is divided into:
Sij＝Wj×rij(14)
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j is 1, 2, …, N.
7. The comprehensive evaluation method for the improvement effect of the water conditioning drainage water environment according to claim 1, wherein the score of each section is synthesized and the score of each scheme is determined in the step S4, and the method comprises the following steps: each of the A schemes comprises p groups of data of k sections, and N evaluation indexes are used for obtaining a single section evaluation score SiComprises the following steps:
wherein i is 1, 2, …, p; j ═ 1, 2, …, N;
each scheme score TiThe sum of the scores corresponding to the k sections
Wherein h is 1, 2, …, a; i ═ 1, 2, …, p (p ═ a × k).
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