CN107764962A - A kind of diversion works Lake Water ecological effect sensitivity physical and chemical index triage techniques method - Google Patents
A kind of diversion works Lake Water ecological effect sensitivity physical and chemical index triage techniques method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of diversion works Lake Water ecological effect sensitivity physical and chemical index triage techniques method, belongs to environment and ecological hydrodynamic technology field.This method comprises the following steps：(1) geographic range of diversion works Lake Water ecology influence monitoring is defined；(2) diversion channel is set and by water lake monitoring site；(3) monitoring time and the frequency are determined；(4) determine to characterize the physics and chemistry monitoring index that Ecology influences；(5) parameter nonparametric mean analysis, principal component analytical method based on physics and chemistry monitoring index value, diversion and non-diversion phase significant difference, and the sensitive physical and chemical index leading to physicochemical environment variation contribution are determined.The sensitive indicator screening technique that the present invention uses is easily operated, can quickly judge to respond diversion works sensitive physical and chemical index by water lake.This technology method can provide effective means for the sign that diversion works eutrophic lake water ecological environment influences with assessing, and reduce monitoring index quantity and workload.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environment and ecological hydrodynamic technology field, and in particular to a kind of diversion works Lake Water ecological effect
Sensitive physical and chemical index triage techniques method.
Background technology
In the last few years, triggered with the large-scale eutrophic lake breakout of cyanobacteria blooms such as Taihu Lake, Chaohu and Dian Chi
Drinking water and ecocrisis getting worse, the diversion for large-scale eutrophic lake regulate and control weight of the engineering by relevant department
Depending on, it has also become alleviate the important hydraulic engineering measure of blue-green alga bloom disaster.And it is different from small lakes, large-scale eutrophic lake
Diversion regulation and control engineering the improvement of lake ecological and environment is influenceed and restriction by many factors, be difficult in a short time
Preferable result is obtained, diversion regulation and control engineering often needs normalization to run.Therefore, diversion works is to large-scale eutrophic lake water
The influence of power, physicochemical environment and biology need to carry out long-term dynamic follow-up study.
Influenceed by input conditions such as diversion works foreign water water quality, sensitivity is often responded by water water body in lake physicochemical environment.Cause
This, it is key content of the diversion works by water Lake Water ecological benefits evaluation to characterize by the variation of water water body in lake physicochemical environment.
The monitoring of existing diversion works Lake Water ecological effect is more with reference to monitoring water environments rule, using water quality conventional index, not only
Lack the physical and chemical index that part can characterize diversion works external source import effect characteristicses, monitoring insensitive there is also monitoring index
The problems such as workload is big.Using the principal component analysis based on water body physical and chemical index and average comparative approach, can Effective selection to drawing
The sensitive physical and chemical index of Hydraulic Projects response, optimization monitoring pointer type, reduces monitoring cost and workload.Simultaneously as monitoring
Index is easily obtained, beneficial in monitoring department popularization and application.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of diversion works Lake Water ecological effect sensitivity physical and chemical index triage techniques side
Method, in order to realize that the purpose concrete technical scheme is：
A kind of diversion works Lake Water ecological effect sensitivity physical and chemical index triage techniques method, this method include following step
Suddenly：
(1) geographic range of diversion works Lake Water ecology influence monitoring is defined；
(2) according to existing monitoring water environment rule setting diversion channel and by water lake monitoring site；
(3) monitoring time and the frequency are determined according to diversion works moving law；
(4) determine with abiotic physical and chemical index as the monitoring for characterizing Ecology influence to refer to using community of aquatic organism index
Mark；
(5) parameter nonparametric mean analysis, principal component analytical method based on physics and chemistry monitoring index value, determine diversion with it is non-
Diversion phase significant difference, and the sensitive physical and chemical index leading to physicochemical environment variation contribution.
Preferably, in the step (1), the geographic range of monitoring includes：Diversion works water delivery river flows into lake restraining hinge
Upstream waters, the direct containing diversion in lake by water waters.
Preferably, in the step (2), the method to set up of monitoring section or point position is specially：In diversion works water delivery river
Flow at the restraining hinge upstream 500m of lake and monitoring section is set；In the water delivery river inflow direct containing diversion in the exit of a lake to lake by water
Waters center, left and right Riparian zone direction set at least 3 monitoring axis, and every axis should be at least provided with 5 monitoring sections.
Preferably, in the step (3), the monitoring time is with frequency specific method：The monitoring time point non-diversion phase every time
With the diversion phase, the non-diversion phase is comprising before diversion and after diversion；Last 1 day wherein before diversion, the 1st day after diversion, draw
The 1st day of the water phase and it must monitor for last 1 day, the time of remaining Monitoring frequency is by the determination of actual monitoring demand.
Preferably, in the step (4), monitoring index is specially：Water temperature, pH, turbidity (Tur), dissolved oxygen (DO), total phosphorus
(TP), permanganate index (CODMn), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH4- N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3- N), it is chlorophyll a (chla), total
Organic carbon (TOC), silicate (SiO3-Si)。
Preferably, in the step (5), the method for sensitive physical and chemical index screening is specially：
(1) physical and chemical index that waters each point position is monitored during being run to diversion works carries out two-dimensional matrix arrangement, inputs number
Statistical analysis software (such as SAS, SPSS) is learned, passes through the principal component analysis (principal based on water body in lake physical and chemical index
Component analysis, PCA), numerous monitoring indexes are screened, acquisition can be represented at utmost during diversion
A few monitoring index of lake physicochemical environment Characteristics of spatial variability, the portion as the monitoring of diversion Ecological Restoration Project Ecology
Divide sensitive indicator.
(2) parameter (variance analysis) or nonparametric (T- inspections) are carried out to the average of monitoring water area monitoring point position physical and chemical index
Average ratio is compared with by contrasting the difference of the forward and backward each monitoring index of diversion works operation, in 95% or 99% level of confidence
On, the monitoring index with significant difference is distinguished, the part sensitivity as the monitoring of diversion Ecological Restoration Project Ecology refers to
Mark.
(3) the sensitive physical and chemical index that comprehensive two kinds of analysis methods are drawn, screening can characterize to be become by water lake physicochemical environment
Different leading physical and chemical index, the physical and chemical index of the significance difference opposite sex is presented again, is managed as by water lake diversion works response sensitivity
Change index, to reduce operator monitoring amount.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
(1) the technology used in the present invention method can screen simultaneously can characterize the leading reason to be made a variation by water lake physicochemical environment
Change the physical and chemical index of index and significant difference, quickly determine main water body sensitivity physical and chemical index.
(2) technical method of the invention is easily operated, in conventional statistical analysis software can quick calling, analysis knot
Fruit can directly judge sensitive physical and chemical index.
(3) monitoring index that the present invention uses responds sensitive to diversion works, comprising containing much information, is easily obtained, can visitor
The influence for reflecting short-term diversion activity to lake physicochemical environment is seen, it is easy to utilize.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is " to draw Jiang Jitai " engineering monitorings section or point bit distribution figure
Fig. 2 be with season diversion and non-diversion phase tribute arm of lake water body part biochemical parameter average ratio compared with
Fig. 3 be with season diversion compared with non-diversion phase tribute arm of lake water body chemical mean parameter
Fig. 4 is diversion phase tribute arm of lake water body physical and chemical parameter principal component analysis
Wherein, R1-R3, W1-W5, E1-E5, G1-G5, C1-C3 are that monitoring section or monitoring site are numbered；
In Fig. 2, in August, 2013, in January, 2014, in November, 2014 are the diversion phase, in July, 2013, in January, 2013 and
In November, 2013 is with the non-diversion phase in season；
In Fig. 3, in August, 2013, in January, 2014, in November, 2014 are the diversion phase, in July, 2013, in January, 2013 and
In November, 2013 is with the non-diversion phase in season；
In Fig. 4, a) summer, b) winter, c) autumn.
Embodiment
Embodiment is set forth below, and the present invention is further described, but is not so limited present disclosure.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment combination Taihu Lake basin " draws Jiang Jitai " engineerings and a kind of diversion works Lake Water Ecological Effect is expanded on further
Answer sensitive physical and chemical index triage techniques method.Detailed process is as follows：
(1) monitoring range is defined
" draw Jiang Jitai " engineerings, regulating and guiding the Changjiang river by Wang Yu rivers enters Taihu Lake, it is intended to ensure Taihu Lake water resource supply and
The blue-green alga bloom for suppressing Taihu Lake occurs, and the water delivery river of diversion works is Wang Yu rivers, the direct containing diversion in lake by water waters
For tribute arm of lake.Accordingly, determine that the monitoring range of the present embodiment hopes booth key water control project upper reach, tribute arm of lake for Wang Yu rivers.
(2) monitoring section or point position are set
Foundation《Surface water and sewage monitoring technical specification》(HJ-T91-2002) river, lake monitoring section or point position in
Laying principle, the present embodiment, which is visible at booth key water control project upper reach, lays 3 monitoring sections, numbering be respectively R1, R2 and
R3, to monitor Wang Yu rivers water；In tribute arm of lake west bank, tribute arm of lake east bank and tribute arm of lake central axis is equidistant lays respectively
5 monitoring sites, numbering are respectively W1-W5, E1-E5 and G1-G5；Meanwhile lay 3 monitoring points in tribute arm of lake periphery middle of a lake area
Position C1-C3, the reference point as tribute arm of lake.The present embodiment monitoring section or point position are specifically as shown in Figure 1.
(3) monitoring time and the frequency are determined
" draw the running situation of Jiang Jitai " engineerings according to 2013-2014 Wang Yu rivers, choose 4 annual season, specifically
Field observation and sample collection are carried out for 1 in 2013,7,8, November and 2014 1, mid-November, wherein in August, 2013
Ten days, in mid-January, 2014, Wang Yu in mid-November, 2014 rivers have diversion to enter lake activity, and remaining time is non-as same season
The diversion phase compares.Main Analysis wet season (7, August be summer), the period when a river is at its normal level (November is autumn), dry season (January is winter) hope
Anxiety river diversion enters lake to be influenceed to Taihu Lake by water lake region seawater environmental parameters spatial and temporal patterns.
(4) Monitoring Indexes
Including water temperature, pH, turbidity (Tur), dissolved oxygen (DO), total phosphorus (TP), permanganate index (CODMn), total nitrogen
(TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH4- N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3- N), chlorophyll a (chl a), total organic carbon (TOC), silicate (SiO3-Si)。
(5) sensitive physical and chemical index screening
To winter, summer, diversion phase in autumn and non-diversion phase tribute arm of lake water body water temperature, DO, turbidity, pH, CODMnAnd Chla
Average is compared (Fig. 2), the results showed that：The Various Seasonal diversion phase has with non-diversion phase water temperature, DO and Chl a average
Significant difference (p<0.05, Fig. 2 a, 2b, 2f), the pH differences in autumn turbidity and winter are not notable, summer CODMnSignificant difference
(Fig. 2 c, 2d, 2e).
Wang Yu rivers river water temperature is slightly above middle of a lake area under Various Seasonal, while each sampling point water temperature value of tribute arm of lake is also at prestige
Deceive between river river water temperature and middle of a lake water temperature (Fig. 2 a), dry season in winter (in January, 2014) and (2014 11 period when a river is at its normal level in autumn
Month) 6.3-8.1 DEG C high compared with lake water and 3.4-5.2 DEG C respectively of river water temperature.Under the water diversion flow of existing Wang Yu rivers, the period when a river is at its normal level and low water
Influence of the phase diversion to Taihu Lake water body water temperature is not limited solely to Wang Yu rivers and enters exit of a lake waters, and 3 points of G1, W1, E1 is located at the water
Domain, dry season and period when a river is at its normal level water temperature average are respectively 8.3 DEG C and 16.8 DEG C, and the other waters water temperature averages of tribute arm of lake are respectively 6.5
DEG C and 15.4 DEG C, and the water temperature in middle of a lake area is respectively 5.6 DEG C and 14.4 DEG C.Diversion phase tribute arm of lake water temperature is higher than middle of a lake area, autumn and winter
Ji Yinshui can lift the water temperature in tribute arm of lake waters, and water temperature enters from Wang Yu rivers gradually successively decreases at the mouth of the exit of a lake to tribute arm of lake gulf, tribute arm of lake
Gulf saliva temperature is close with middle of a lake area.
With water temperature on the contrary, river molten DO contents in Wang Yu rivers are less than tribute arm of lake and middle of a lake area, autumn, turlough heart district water body DO
Content is respectively 11.0mg/L and 12.5mg/L, respectively compared with the Wang Yu rivers high 4.3mg/L and 2.0mg/L of water body DO contents, and and tribute
Arm of lake water body DO average contents and no significant difference, only high 1.3mg/L and 0.5mg/L respectively.Influenceed the most by Wang Yu rivers water
Obvious waters is that Wang Yu rivers enter the exit of a lake, and water body DO contents are substantially less than the other waters (p of arm of lake<0.05), low temperature season diversion
Tribute arm of lake small range waters is only limitted to the reduction effect of tribute arm of lake water body DO contents.Although summer diversion it is expected to deceive river DO contents
Middle of a lake area is still below, but tribute arm of lake DO contents are significantly higher than the non-diversion phase, while also above middle of a lake area, this gives birth to summer tribute arm of lake
Object amount dramatically increases, and the enhancing of water body photosynthesis is relevant.
Although winter and diversion phase summer and non-diversion phase tribute arm of lake differences in turbidity are notable, tribute arm of lake overwhelming majority sampling point
Turbidity value scope be not between Wang Yu rivers and middle of a lake area turbidity value, on the contrary, autumn, the turbidity of winter tribute arm of lake are but less than
Wang Yu rivers and middle of a lake area (Fig. 2 c), it is not the leading factor for influenceing tribute arm of lake water turbidity to show the diversion of Wang Yu rivers.Due to Wang Yu
River river pH value is substantially less than Taihu Lake, and this has an impact to diversion phase tribute arm of lake water body pH, water body pH in summer, diversion autumn, gulf phase
The substantially less than non-diversion phase (p<0.05) it is, especially the most obvious (Fig. 2 d) with autumn.
Diversion summer, COD phaseMnValue is significantly higher than non-diversion phase, but Wang Yu rivers and middle of a lake area CODMnValue is then less than tribute arm of lake,
This blue-green alga bloom accumulation in tribute arm of lake west bank caused by with summer southeaster causes west bank part sampling point CODMnIt is worth higher relevant, shows
The diversion of Wang Yu rivers is not to influence tribute arm of lake CODMnThe single factor of value.Autumn and winter tribute arm of lake CODMnValue is below middle of a lake area, and high
In Wang Yu rivers, show that autumn and winter diversion reduces tribute arm of lake organic pollution concentration (Fig. 2 e) to a certain extent.It is similar therewith, hope
River river Chl a contents are deceived also below middle of a lake area, but the diversion of winter in summer is due to by stormy waves disturbance, tribute arm of lake gulf inside points sample
Point Chl a contents are significantly higher than middle of a lake area so that the whole waters Chl a content averages of diversion phase tribute arm of lake are significantly higher than non-diversion
Phase (Fig. 2 f).
Various Seasonal diversion phase tribute arm of lake water body TN, NO3- N and TP is all remarkably higher than the non-diversion phase (Fig. 3 a, 3c, 3d),
It is relevant that this with Wang Yu rivers river nitrogen and phosphorus salt content is significantly higher than Taihu Lake.Diversion autumn, NH phase4- N content and winter SiO3-Si
Content is all remarkably higher than the non-diversion phase in same season (Fig. 3 b, 3f), and autumn and winter diversion phase SRP contents have no conspicuousness with the non-diversion phase
Difference (Fig. 3 e).
The principal component analysis of Various Seasonal diversion phase tribute arm of lake water body physical and chemical parameter is as shown in figure 4, diversion summer, Gong Hu phase
81.0% physical and chemical parameter can be explained in water body physical and chemical parameter first three principal component in gulf, and wherein first principal component can represent 48.6%
Physical and chemical parameter, wherein CODMn、NO3- N, TN, TP and turbidity represent with first principal component correlation highest, Second principal component,
The associated property of 18.0% water body physical and chemical parameter, wherein DO, pH and Chl a is higher (Fig. 4 a).
First three principal component of winter diversion phase tribute arm of lake water body physical and chemical parameter explains 85.9% parameter attribute altogether, its
Middle first principal component explains 62.5% parameter, and the higher physical and chemical index of associated property includes SRP, NH4- N and water temperature,
Second principal component, explains 12.5% physical and chemical parameter, and representative physical and chemical parameter includes pH, TN, Chl a and TOC (Fig. 4 b).
First three principal component of autumn diversion phase water body physical and chemical parameter also explains 81.1% parameter attribute, related to first principal component
Property higher physical and chemical parameter include pH, SRP, DO, and the representative index of Second principal component, includes turbidity, CODMn, TP and
NO3- N (Fig. 4 c).
With reference to above-mentioned diversion phase and the difference of non-diversion phase tribute arm of lake physical and chemical parameter, TN, TP, NO3-N、SiO3-Si、
CODMn, Chl a and TOC be tribute arm of lake isologue deceive river diversion response sensitive water body physical and chemical parameter, wherein CODMn, Chl a with
And TOC is organic contamination representativeness index.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. diversion works Lake Water ecological effect sensitivity physical and chemical index triage techniques method, it is characterised in that including following Step：(1) geographic range of diversion works Lake Water ecology influence monitoring is defined；(2) diversion channel is set and by water lake monitoring site；(3) monitoring time and the frequency are determined；(4) determine to characterize the monitoring index that Ecology influences；(5) parameter nonparametric mean analysis, principal component analytical method based on physics and chemistry monitoring index value, determine diversion and non-diversion Phase significant difference, and the sensitive physical and chemical index leading to physicochemical environment variation contribution.
- 2. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (1), the geographic range of monitoring includes：Draw Hydraulic Projects water delivery river flow into lake restraining hinge upstream waters, the direct containing diversion in lake by water waters.
- 3. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (2), monitoring section or the setting side for putting position Method is specially：Flowed into diversion works water delivery river at the restraining hinge upstream 500m of lake and monitoring section is set；Lake is flowed into water delivery river Mouth is set at least 3 monitoring axis, and every axle to the direct containing diversion in lake by water waters center, left and right Riparian zone direction Line should be at least provided with 5 monitoring sections.
- 4. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (3), monitoring time and frequency specific method For：Monitoring time point non-the diversion phase and diversion phase every time, the non-diversion phase is comprising before diversion and after diversion；Wherein before diversion Last 1 day, must monitor for the 1st day, the 1st day of the diversion phase and last 1 day after diversion, the time of remaining Monitoring frequency is by actual Monitoring requirements determine.
- 5. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (4), monitoring index is specially：Water temperature, PH, turbidity (Tur), dissolved oxygen (DO), total phosphorus (TP), permanganate index (CODMn), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH4- N), nitric acid Salt nitrogen (NO3- N), chlorophyll a (chl a), total organic carbon (TOC), silicate (SiO3-Si)。
- 6. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (5), the method for sensitive physical and chemical index screening Specially：(1) physical and chemical index that waters each point position is monitored during being run to diversion works carries out two-dimensional matrix arrangement, inputting mathematical system Count analysis software, by principal component analysis based on water body in lake physical and chemical index (principal component analysis, PCA), numerous monitoring indexes are screened, lake physicochemical environment space becomes during acquisition can at utmost represent diversion A few monitoring index of different feature, the part sensitive indicator as the monitoring of diversion Ecological Restoration Project Ecology.(2) parameter (variance analysis) or nonparametric (T- inspections) average is carried out to the average of monitoring water area monitoring point position physical and chemical index Compare, the difference of forward and backward each monitoring index, in 95% or 99% level of confidence, area are run by contrasting diversion works The monitoring index with significant difference is separated, the part sensitive indicator as the monitoring of diversion Ecological Restoration Project Ecology.(3) the sensitive physical and chemical index that comprehensive two kinds of analysis methods are drawn, screening can be characterized by the variation of water lake physicochemical environment Leading physical and chemical index, the physical and chemical index of the significance difference opposite sex is presented again, refers to as sensitive physics and chemistry is responded by water lake diversion works Mark, to reduce operator monitoring amount.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2770115C1 (en) * | 2021-03-20 | 2022-04-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Пензенский государственный университет" | Method and system for determining the level of environmental well-being of children's living area |
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