CN107121708A - Absolute gravity measurement system and measuring method - Google Patents
Absolute gravity measurement system and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107121708A CN107121708A CN201710388867.2A CN201710388867A CN107121708A CN 107121708 A CN107121708 A CN 107121708A CN 201710388867 A CN201710388867 A CN 201710388867A CN 107121708 A CN107121708 A CN 107121708A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V7/00—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting
- G01V7/14—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting using free-fall time
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of absolute gravity measurement system and measuring method, and the absolute gravity measurement includes：Freely falling body device, laser-interfering measurement device, vibration-isolating platform.The freely falling body device includes housing, the vacuum storehouse being arranged in the housing and the power set being connected with the vacuum storehouse.The power set are used to control the vacuum storehouse in the motion of vertical direction.The falling bodies are arranged in the vacuum storehouse.The vacuum orlop portion is provided with the movement of falling object that vacuum storehouse observation window is used to observe the falling bodies.The absolute gravity measurement system further comprises the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system being arranged in the housing.The vacuum position in storehouse measuring system includes the grating scale for being arranged at the enclosure interior, and is fixedly mounted on the reading head of vacuum storehouse shell.The absolute gravity measurement system further comprises measuring device of refraction index of air, the air refraction for measuring the enclosure interior.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to precision instrument technical field, more particularly to a kind of absolute gravity measurement system and measuring method.
Background technology
Absolute gravimeter is a kind of to calculate acceleration of gravity absolute value by measuring sensing element to the response of gravitational field
Instrument, carry important measurement task in fields such as metering, mapping, earthquake, geophysics, resource exploration and assisting navigations.
Absolute gravimeter can be divided into two classes according to the dimension of sensing element：One class is classical free falling body absolute gravimeter, and it is with laser
Device wavelength is that linear measure longimetry reference data, atomic frequency are time measurement reference data, using corner reflection prism as sensing element,
Use the movement of falling object displacement of Mach-Zender laser interferometer measurement corner reflection prism in a vacuum.Whereabouts prism
The distance of 1/2nd optical maser wavelengths is often moved, the change of a complete cycle can occur for the light intensity that photodetector is detected.Light
The optical signal is converted into the electric signal that average is zero by electric explorer, and anti-falling can be released by measuring its zero crossing time
Track, fitting solves gravity acceleration value.Another kind of is intervening atom absolute gravimeter, and it uses atomic energy a grade distribution probability pair
The response of gravitational field measures gravity acceleration value.
Because atomic interference gravimeter technology maturation is later, complexity is higher, the absolute gravimeter being widely used at present is still
It is classical free falling body absolute gravimeter.Micro-g LaCoste companies open on the basis of early stage JILA type absolute gravimeter
It has issued FG-5 type absolute gravimeters.The gravimeter efficiently reduces the shadow of residual air using " no towing whereabouts chamber technology "
Ring, and the reference prism in laser interferometer is placed on composition vibrating isolation system in " super spring (Super Spring) ", with
Reduce influence of the ground micro-vibration to measurement result.In addition, the vibrating isolation system of the gravimeter is collinearly arranged with vacuum whereabouts chamber, it is full
Sufficient abbe's principle, can improve accuracy of measurement and reliability.The FG-5X types absolute gravimeter developed on this basis is with benefit
Mass is repaid, influence of the ground rebound effect to measurement result can be reduced.The uncertainty of both instruments is up to 2 μ Gal.This
Outside, the IMGC-02 types absolute gravimeter of Italian Civil metering institute (INRIM) research and development uses the motion mode that upthrow falls, no
Degree of certainty is up to 9 μ Gal.China National Measuring Science Research Inst. develops the serial absolute gravimeters of NIM, and the series instrument was once repeatedly participated in
The International Comparison of Absolute Gravimeters, uncertainty is better than 10 μ Gal.It is exhausted in high precision that this seminar went out T-1 types in independent development in 2011
To gravimeter.The gravimeter equally using classical freely falling body structure, realizes that falling bodies discharge using elastic pull-down pattern, and with high
The output signal of velocity signal capturing system collection miniaturization laser interferometer, uncertainty can reach μ Gal magnitudes.To improve instrument
The mobility of device, Micro-g companies also develop a portable absolute gravimeter of A-10 types.The gravimeter is by reducing vacuum
Chamber and vibrating isolation system, simplify laser interferometer, replace the methods such as former ionic pump from small-size ion pumps, simplifying the overall knot of system
Structure, fast demountable is easy to move between measurement place.The precision of the portable absolute gravimeter of A-10 types is up to 10 μ Gal.
In above-mentioned all absolute gravimeters, the dropping process of falling bodies is all occurring at the larger vacuum chamber of a volume
In, and the vacuum in chamber all typically is maintained with ionic pump, falling is done with reducing air damping, aerostatic buoyancy etc.
Disturb.These absolute gravimeters can realize high-acruracy survey in laboratory environment, but its system is complex, heavy, uncomfortable
Field measurement for bad environments.
For that purpose it is necessary to design more light simple, mobility and the higher absolute gravimeter of reliability.Although above-mentioned A-10
Volume is smaller for the portable absolute gravimeter of type compares other gravimeters, but because it has still used traditional structure, volume subtracts
It is small limited, and still need ionic pump in transit to maintain vacuum, if running into the emergency cases such as system cut-off, just have vacuum and let out
The risk of leakage.
The content of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to for above-mentioned technical problem there is provided the light simple, mobility of one kind and reliability are higher, fit
Absolute gravity measurement system and measuring method for the field measurement of bad environments.
A kind of absolute gravity measurement system, including：
Freely falling body device, the movement of falling object for realizing falling bodies；
Laser-interfering measurement device, for track the falling bodies make the movement of falling object with obtain laser interferencefringes letter
Number；
Vibration-isolating platform, is arranged between the freely falling body device and the laser-interfering measurement device, for isolator
The influence to the measurement is shaken in face, wherein：
The freely falling body device includes housing, the vacuum storehouse being arranged in the housing and passed with the vacuum storehouse
The power set of dynamic connection, the power set are used to control the vacuum storehouse in the motion of vertical direction, and the falling bodies are set
In in the vacuum storehouse, the vacuum orlop portion is provided with the freely falling body fortune that vacuum storehouse observation window is used to observe the falling bodies
It is dynamic；
The absolute gravity measurement system further comprises the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system being arranged in the housing, institute
The grating scale that vacuum position in storehouse measuring system includes being arranged at the enclosure interior is stated, and is fixedly mounted on outside the vacuum storehouse
The reading head of shell；
The absolute gravity measurement system further comprises measuring device of refraction index of air, for measuring the enclosure interior
Air refraction.
In one of the embodiments, the freely falling body device includes being arranged at the support frame of the enclosure interior,
The support frame includes the line slideway being vertically arranged；
The vacuum storehouse is slidably mounted on the line slideway, line slideway described in the driving lower edge in the power set
It is mobile；
The grating scale is installed on the support frame, and is set so that with the line slideway parallel interval described
Grating scale is oppositely arranged with the reading head.
In one of the embodiments, vacuum storehouse inwall is fixedly installed supporting construction, for supporting the falling bodies.
In one of the embodiments, the vacuum storehouse is that the vacuum in welded seal, the vacuum storehouse is 10-6Pa is extremely
10-4Pa。
In one of the embodiments, it is provided with air absorbent in the vacuum storehouse.
In one of the embodiments, the first reflecting prism is provided with the falling bodies, for reflecting the laser interference
The measurement laser that measurement apparatus is sent；
The second reflecting prism is provided with the shock insulation platform, the survey for reflecting the first reflecting prism reflection
Measure laser.
In one of the embodiments, the laser-interfering measurement device includes：
First beam splitter, it is described for collimation laser to be divided into the orthogonal testing laser and reference laser
Testing laser is transmitted to first reflecting prism, and reflexes to second reflecting prism by first reflecting prism；
Second spectroscope, for described second spectroscopical reference laser will to be passed through, and via the described second reflection
Prismatic reflection to described second spectroscopical testing laser carries out photosynthetic；
Photodetector, for by via the photosynthetic measurement laser of second spectroscope and the reference laser shape
Into interference fringe be converted into analog signal.
In one of the embodiments, the measuring device of refraction index of air includes being arranged at the sensing of the enclosure interior
Device, the sensor is used for temperature, air pressure and the humidity for sensing the enclosure interior.
In one of the embodiments, described absolute gravity measurement system also includes：
Digital signal processor, the digital signal processor is electrically connected with the power set and the sensor, is used
In the control power set, and pass through temperature, air pressure and humidity that the sensor gathers the enclosure interior；
The computer being connected with the digital signal processor, for giving the power by the digital signal processor
Device sends instruction to control the power set, and the enclosure interior passed back according to the digital signal processor
Temperature, air pressure and humidity calculate the air refraction of the enclosure interior；
The data acquisition being connected with the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system, the laser interference device and the computer
Card, the computer obtains laser interferencefringes signal and the institute that the laser interference device is sent by the data collecting card
State the vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal that vacuum position in storehouse measuring system is sent；And
The atomic clock being connected with the data collecting card, the atomic clock provides the clock of standard for the data collecting card
Reference signal.
A kind of absolute gravity measurement method using absolute gravity measurement system as above described in any embodiment, including：
The vacuum storehouse is controlled to be moved straight down by the case top by the power set, so that described
Falling bodies do the movement of falling object；
Do the movement of falling object to obtain laser interferencefringes by the laser-interfering measurement device tracking falling bodies
Signal；
Vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal when the vacuum storehouse falls is measured by the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system；
The air refraction of the enclosure interior is measured by the measuring device of refraction index of air；And
Absolute weight is calculated according to the laser interferencefringes signal, the vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal and the air refraction
Power acceleration.
The absolute gravity measurement system of the application can depart from ion pump work, simplify absolute gravity measurement system, carry
The high convenience and reliability of absolute gravity measurement field work.In addition, the technical scheme of the application also includes vacuum position in storehouse
Measuring system and measuring device of refraction index of air, so as to by measuring vacuum storehouse by the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system
The air refraction of displacement information and the enclosure interior of measuring device of refraction index of air measurement, to the measurement side of absolute gravity
Method is modified, so as to obtain more accurate measurement result.Therefore, the absolute gravity measurement system of the application has light letter
Single, mobility and reliability are higher, it is adaptable to the advantage of the field measurement of bad environments.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the absolute gravity measurement system of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 be one embodiment of the invention in absolute gravity measurement system freely falling body device internal structure just
Face view；
Fig. 3 be Fig. 2 in freely falling body device internal structure lateral plan；
Fig. 4 be one embodiment of the invention in absolute gravity measurement system vacuum storehouse internal structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 be one embodiment of the invention in absolute gravity measurement system laser-interfering measurement device light channel structure
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 be one embodiment of the invention in absolute gravity measurement system structured flowchart；
Fig. 7 be one embodiment of the invention in absolute gravity measurement system movement of falling object trajectory measurement principle
Figure.
Main element symbol description
Absolute gravity measurement system 100
Freely falling body device 10
Top flange 11
Housing 12
Main cavity 13
Bottom observation window 14
Flange in the bottom 15
Vibration-isolating platform 20
Laser-interfering measurement device 30
Alignment laser 31
Reflecting element 32
First beam splitter 33
Second beam splitter 34
Lens 35
Photodetector 36
Digital signal processor 40
Computer 50
Data collecting card 60
Atomic clock 70
Vacuum storehouse 110
Copper pipe 111
Falling bodies 112
Vacuum Hold Ceiling 113
First reflecting prism 114
Vacuum is from orlop plate 115
Supporting construction 116
Vacuum storehouse observation window 117
Vacuum storehouse side wall 119
Vacuum position in storehouse measuring system 120
Grating scale 122
Reading head 124
Mounting seat 126
Measuring device of refraction index of air 130
Power set 140
Controlled motor 142
Flexible clutch 143
Timing belt 144
Travel switch 145
First synchronous pulley 146
Second synchronous pulley 148
Support frame 150
Frame head plate 151
Rail brackets 152
Line slideway 154
Sliding block 155
Vacuum storehouse connector 156
Chassis base 157
Second reflecting prism 214
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples pair
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Fig. 1 is referred to, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of absolute gravity measurement system 100, for measuring the different positions of the earth
The absolute gravity value put.The absolute gravity measurement system 100 includes freely falling body device 10, vibration-isolating platform 20, laser interference
Measurement apparatus 30, vacuum position in storehouse measuring system 120 and measuring device of refraction index of air 130.
The freely falling body device 10 is arranged at the vibration-isolating platform 20, the movement of falling object for realizing falling bodies 112.
The freely falling body device 10 include housing 12, the vacuum storehouse 110 that is arranged in the housing 12 and with the vacuum storehouse
The power set 140 of 110 drive connections.The falling bodies 112 are arranged in the vacuum storehouse 110.The power set 140 can be with
The vacuum storehouse 110 is controlled to be moved on gravity direction, so as to realize that the falling bodies 112 do the movement of falling object.The housing
12 inside are atmospheric pressure.It is appreciated that the bottom of housing 12 also have bottom observation window 14, can cause laser enter with
Detect the falling bodies 112.
The vibration-isolating platform 20 is arranged between the freely falling body device 10 and the laser-interfering measurement device 30, is used
The influence to measurement is shaken in isolation bottom surface.The laser-interfering measurement device 30 can be with emission measurement laser, and passes through institute
State measurement laser to track the falling bodies 112, to obtain laser interferencefringes of the falling bodies 112 when doing the movement of falling object
Signal.The vacuum position in storehouse measuring system 120 is used to measure the vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal when vacuum storehouse 110 falls.Institute
Stating vacuum position in storehouse measuring system 120 includes being arranged at the grating scale 122 inside the housing 12, and is fixedly mounted on described
The reading head 124 of the shell of vacuum storehouse 110.The measuring device of refraction index of air 130 is arranged inside the housing 12, for surveying
Measure the air refraction inside the housing 12.
Fig. 2-3 are referred to, the housing 12 can be by top flange 11, main cavity 13, flange in the bottom 15, bottom observation window
14 compositions.Wherein, the top flange 11, main chamber body 13 and the flange in the bottom 15 can use aluminum alloy materials system
Make, the weight for reducing freely falling body device 10.It is appreciated that the top flange 11, main chamber body 13 and the bottom
The material of portion's flange 15 is not limited to aluminium alloy, can also be prepared using other metal materials.It is appreciated that the structure of the housing 12
Shape is not limited, as long as an accommodation space can be formed.
In one embodiment, support frame 150 can be set inside the freely falling body device 10, it is described for installing
Vacuum storehouse 110.The support frame 150 includes frame head plate 151, rail brackets 152 and chassis base 157.The guide rail branch
Frame 152 is fixed between the frame head plate 151 and the chassis base 157.Straight line is provided with the rail brackets 152 to lead
Rail 154.The vacuum storehouse 110 is slidably arranged on the line slideway 154, so as to be slided along the line slideway 154
It is dynamic.It is appreciated that the line slideway 154 can match and be provided with sliding block 155.The sliding block 155 can be along the straight line
Guide rail 154 moves along a straight line.The vacuum storehouse 110 can be fixed on the sliding block 155 by vacuum storehouse connector 156.From
And, the vacuum storehouse 110 can move along a straight line under the control of the power set 140 along the line slideway 154,
To realize the movement of falling object of the falling bodies 112.
The grating scale 122 can be fixedly installed in the support frame 150.Specifically, the two ends of the grating scale 122
The frame head plate 151 and the chassis base 157 can be individually fixed in.The grating scale 122 and the line slideway 154
Parallel interval is set.The reading head 124 is arranged on the vacuum storehouse 110.Specifically, the reading head 124 can pass through
Connector 126 is fixed on the upper of the vacuum storehouse 110.Therefore, motion of the reading head 124 relative to the grating scale 122
It is exactly motion of the vacuum storehouse 110 relative to the support frame 150.It is equal to institute so as to the displacement of the reading head 124
State the displacement in vacuum storehouse 110.Therefore, the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system 120 can pass through the grating scale 122 and the reading
Several first 124 measure the displacement information in the vacuum storehouse 110, that is, vacuum storehouse displacement information.It is appreciated that the grating scale
122 measurement range should be more than the maximal rate in the vacuum storehouse 110.The instantaneous acceleration in the vacuum storehouse 110 can be big
In acceleration of gravity.In one embodiment, the grating scale 122 can continuously export 0V square waves or 5V square waves, Measurement Resolution
For 2 × 10-6m。
The power set 140 can be it is various the device of power can be provided, as long as the vacuum storehouse 110 can be controlled
It is vertically movable in gravity direction.The effect of the power set 140 is to provide power, so as to control the vacuum storehouse 110
Moved along the rectilinear orbit 154.In one embodiment, the power set 140 include controlled motor 142, flexible connection
Axle device 143, timing belt 144, travel switch 145, the first synchronous pulley 146 and the second synchronous pulley 148.The controlled motor
142 can be installed on the support frame 150 through the housing 12.The rotating shaft of the controlled motor 142 and the flexible connection
Axle device 143 is connected.The flexible clutch 143 is connected with first synchronous pulley 146.First synchronous pulley 146 is pacified
Loaded on the frame head plate 151.Second synchronous pulley 148 is installed on the chassis base 147.The timing belt 12 is wound
It is fixedly connected on first synchronous pulley 146 and second synchronous pulley 148, and with vacuum storehouse connector 156.
The controlled motor 142 can drive vacuum storehouse connector by first synchronous pulley 146 and the timing belt 144
156 motions, so as to realize the raising and lowering in the vacuum storehouse 110, and the falling bodies 112 free-falling.The stroke
Switch 145 is fixedly mounted on the track support 152.When vacuum storehouse connector 156 is contacted with the travel switch 145
Afterwards, the controlled motor 142 stops operating.
Fig. 4 is referred to, in one embodiment, the vacuum storehouse 110 includes copper pipe 111, vacuum Hold Ceiling 113, vacuum
Storehouse side wall 119, vacuum orlop plate 115 and vacuum storehouse observation window 117.Vacuum storehouse side wall 119 is arranged on the vacuum storehouse
Between top plate 113 and the vacuum orlop plate 115, three is collectively forming the vacuum cavity of a closing.The falling bodies 112 are placed
In the vacuum cavity.The copper pipe 11 is used to vacuumize the vacuum cavity.It is the vacuum Hold Ceiling 113, described true
Hole capital after selling all securities side wall 119, the vacuum orlop plate 115 can be linked together by welded seal.Vacuum storehouse observation window 117 is set
Put in the vacuum orlop plate 115.Laser can be entered inside the vacuum storehouse 110 by vacuum storehouse observation window 117.Can
To understand, one can also be connected to by welded seal between vacuum storehouse observation window 117 and the vacuum orlop plate 115
Rise.It is appreciated that the material in the vacuum storehouse 110 there should be certain intensity, and it is adapted to do vacuum storehouse, can still not
It is limited to metal.In one embodiment, the vacuum storehouse 110 is made up of aluminum alloy materials.May be used also on the inwall of vacuum storehouse 110
To be provided with supporting construction 116, for supporting the falling bodies 112.It is appreciated that can also set recessed in the supporting construction 11
The bulge-structure that is set on groove, with the falling bodies 112 coordinates so that the falling bodies 112 it is stable be placed on the support
In structure 116.In one embodiment, the supporting construction 116 is support ring.The falling bodies 112 are placed on the support ring
On.The first reflecting prism 114 is additionally provided with inside the falling bodies 112.First reflecting prism 114 can be reflected from described true
The laser that hole capital after selling all securities observation window 117 is injected, for measuring.It is appreciated that the structure of first reflecting prism 114 is not limited, can
To select as needed.
The vibration-isolating platform 20 can be made up of mechanical spring and precise control system, intrinsic be shaken with achieve over 20 seconds
The cycle is swung, the effect with preferable isolation ground vibration.The vibration-isolating platform 20 can be hung with the second reflecting prism 214,
Light path is combined into for matching somebody with somebody with the laser-interfering measurement device 30, first reflecting prism 114 of the falling bodies 112 is anti-
The Laser emission penetrated is to the laser-interfering measurement device 30.It is appreciated that the structure of second reflecting prism 214 is not limited
System, can be selected as needed.
The laser-interfering measurement device 30 is used to measure the laser interferencefringes that the falling bodies 112 make the movement of falling object
Signal.The laser interferencefringes signal is used for the absolute gravity acceleration for calculating the falling bodies 112.It is appreciated that described swash
The structure of light-interference measuring apparatus 30 is not limited, as long as above-mentioned functions can be realized.Please also refer to Fig. 5, in an implementation
In example, the laser-interfering measurement device 30 can include alignment laser 31, reflecting element 32, the first beam splitter 33, the
Two beam splitters 34, lens 35 and photodetector 36.The alignment laser 31 is used to launch collimation laser, and it can
To pass through a laser and and collimater composition.The reflecting element 32 is used for the standard for sending the alignment laser 31
Straight laser reflection enters first beam splitter 33.It is appreciated that when the collimation laser is directly entered first light splitting
During element 33, the reflecting element 32 is optional element.The collimation laser can be divided into survey by first beam splitter 33
Try laser and reference laser.The testing laser and the testing laser are mutually perpendicular to.The testing laser input described first
Reflecting prism 114, and reflex to second beam splitter 34 via first reflecting prism 114.The reference laser is defeated
Enter second beam splitter 34, and with entering the photodetector 36 after the testing laser closing light.By described second
The reference laser and the testing laser of beam splitter 34 can be by entering the photodetector after the lens 35
36.The photodetector 36 will can swash via the photosynthetic measurement laser of second beam splitter 34 with the reference
The interference fringe of light formation is converted into analog signal.It is appreciated that the lens 35 can also be selectable elements.Described first
Beam splitter 33 and second subelement 34 can be spectroscope.
Fig. 6 is referred to, the absolute gravity measurement system 100 can also include digital signal processor 40 and the number
Computer 50, data collecting card 60 and atomic clock 70 that word signal processor 40 is connected.The digital signal processor 40 with
The power set 140 and the measuring device of refraction index of air 130 are electrically connected.The digital signal processor 40 is used to control
The power set 140, and temperature inside the housing 12, air pressure are gathered by the measuring device of refraction index of air 130
And humidity.The computer 50 be used for by the digital signal processor 40 to the power set 140 send instruction so as to
Control the power set 140, and temperature inside the housing 12 passed back according to the digital signal processor 40, gas
Pressure and humidity calculate the air refraction inside the housing 12.The data collecting card 60 is filled with the vacuum position in storehouse shift measurement
Put the 120, laser interference device 130 and the computer 50 is electrically connected.The computer 50 passes through the data collecting card
The laser interferencefringes signal and the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system 120 that the 60 acquisition laser interference devices 30 are sent are sent
Vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal.The atomic clock 70 is connected with the data collecting card 60, and the atomic clock 70 is that the data are adopted
Truck 60 provides the clock reference signal of standard.The atomic clock 70 can be any reference clock, such as rubidium atomic clock.The number
Word signal processor 40 can use any type of embeded processor.
The movement of falling object how the freely falling body device 10 realizes the falling bodies 112 is described in detail below.
(1), rotated by the controlled motor 142 so that vacuum storehouse connector 156 is moved upwards, and drives institute
The motion upwards of vacuum storehouse 110 is stated, so as to by the vacuum storehouse 110 and be placed on the falling bodies 112 therein and be transported to the shell
The tip position of body 12.
(2), after vacuum storehouse connector 156 is contacted with the travel switch 145, the controlled motor 142 is stopped
Rotation stop is moved.
(3), rotated backward by the controlled motor 142 so that vacuum storehouse connector 156 is moved downward.It is described
Vacuum storehouse 110 accelerates to move downward with vacuum storehouse connector 156.The acceleration of motion in the vacuum storehouse 110 is more than gravity
Acceleration.The falling bodies 112 are separated with the supporting construction 116, and now the falling bodies 112 are only affected by gravity, are started
Make the movement of falling object downwards.
(4), when the vacuum storehouse 110 is moved downwardly to the bottom position of the housing 12, the controlled motor 10 subtracts
Speed.The supporting construction 116 is contacted again with making the falling bodies 112 of the movement of falling object, and one acts as retarded motion, directly
It is extremely static.
(5) (1)-(4) step more than, repeating, can repeat to realize the movement of falling object of the falling bodies 112.
Compared with prior art, the technical scheme of the application maintains technology using high vacuum, is protected by welded seal technology
The vacuum in miniaturized vacuum storehouse is held, the movement of falling object of falling bodies is dexterously realized.The use in miniaturized vacuum storehouse makes
Gravimeter can depart from ion pump work, simplify absolute gravity measurement system, improve absolute gravity measurement field work
Convenience and reliability.In addition, the technical scheme of the application also includes vacuum position in storehouse measuring system and air refraction is measured
Device, so as to by measuring vacuum storehouse displacement information and air refraction survey by the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system
The air refraction of the enclosure interior of measurement device is measured, the measuring method to absolute gravity is modified, so as to obtain more accurate
True measurement result.Therefore, the absolute gravity measurement system of the application has light simple, mobility and reliability higher, fits
Advantage for the field measurement of bad environments.
The embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of absolute gravity measurement method using the absolute gravity measurement system 100,
Including：
The vacuum storehouse 110 is controlled to be moved downward by the top vertical of housing 12 by the power set 140, so that
So that the falling bodies 112 do the movement of falling object；
The falling bodies 112 are tracked by the laser-interfering measurement device 30 and do the movement of falling object to obtain laser interference
Stripe signal；
Vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal when the vacuum storehouse 110 falls is measured by the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system 120；
Air refraction inside the housing 12 is measured by the measuring device of refraction index of air 130；And
Absolute weight is calculated according to the laser interferencefringes signal, the vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal and the air refraction
Power acceleration.
It is introduced below how to pass through the laser interferencefringes signal, the vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal and the air refraction
Rate calculates absolute gravity acceleration.Within a whereabouts cycle, the vacuum storehouse 110 together falls with the falling bodies 112.Fall
During the relatively described vacuum storehouse 110 of the falling bodies 112 displacement and the vacuum storehouse 110 laser interference relatively survey
The displacement of amount device 30 changes.Above-mentioned change will cause measuring arm change in optical path length, now the laser interferencefringes letter
The displacement absolute value of the falling bodies 112 number can not be characterized, and should rebuild described by the method for analysis measurement arm change in optical path length
The track of falling bodies 112, detailed process is as follows.
Refer to Fig. 7, represent in dropping process i moment (solid line) and i+1 moment (dotted line) the vacuum storehouse 110 with it is described
The position relationship of falling bodies 112.Rectangle represents the vacuum storehouse 110, and right angled triangle represents described first in the falling bodies 112
Corner reflection prism 114.Arrow represents the measuring arm light beam at i moment (solid line) and i+1 moment (dotted line).X is the falling bodies 112
Displacement, y moves for the vacuum position in storehouse in the vacuum storehouse 110, and it is positive direction straight down that the two, which takes, and subscript i represents each of which
In the value at i moment.It is z to remember measuring arm light path, then is turned to from the i moment to i+1 moment z change：
zi+1-zi=2 (yi+1-yi)(nTPf-nvac)+2(xi+1-xi)nvac (1)
N in formulaTPfRepresent laser interferometer measurement arm nearby air refraction, nvacFor the refraction of residual gas in vacuum storehouse
Rate.From (1) formula, y, air refraction n are moved by measuring vacuum position in storehouseTPfWith laser interferencefringes signal z, it can rebuild
Freely falling body track x in vacuum.These three physical quantitys are respectively by the laser interferometry of absolute gravity measurement system 100
Device 30, the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system 120 and the measuring device of refraction index of air 130 are obtained.Therefore, by above-mentioned
Three physical quantitys can just calculate the accurate freely falling body track of the falling bodies 112, so as to calculate absolute gravity acceleration.
It is described according to formula (1) because the vacuum storehouse 110 described herein together falls with the falling bodies 112
The laser change in optical path length that laser-interfering measurement device 35 is measured no longer is equal to the movement of falling object displacement of falling bodies.By institute
State vacuum position in storehouse measuring system 120 and the measuring device of refraction index of air 130 be arranged in the freely falling body device 10,
To coordinate the laser-interfering measurement device 30, it is ensured that the accuracy of measurement result.
In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that disclosed relevant apparatus and method, Ke Yitong
Other modes are crossed to realize.For example, device embodiment described above is only schematical, for example, the module or list
The division of member, only a kind of division of logic function can have other dividing mode when actually realizing, such as multiple units or
Component can combine or be desirably integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not perform.It is another, show
Show or the coupling each other discussed or direct-coupling or communication connection can be by some interfaces, between device or unit
Connect coupling or communicate to connect, can be electrical, machinery or other forms.
The unit illustrated as separating component can be or may not be it is physically separate, it is aobvious as unit
The part shown can be or may not be physical location, you can with positioned at a place, or can also be distributed to multiple
On NE.Some or all of unit therein can be selected to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme according to the actual needs
's.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the invention can be integrated in a processing unit, can also
That unit is individually physically present, can also two or more units it is integrated in a unit.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member can both be realized in the form of hardware, it would however also be possible to employ the form of SFU software functional unit is realized.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realize all or part of flow in above-described embodiment method, being can be with
The hardware of correlation is instructed to complete by computer program, described program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium
In, in such as embodiment of the present invention, described program can be stored in the storage medium of computer system, and by the computer system
In at least one computing device, with realize include as above-mentioned each method embodiment flow.Wherein, the storage medium
Can be magnetic disc, CD, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or random access memory (Random
Access Memory, RAM) etc..
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, more specific and detailed with its description, but
Can not therefore it be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of absolute gravity measurement system, including：
Freely falling body device, the movement of falling object for realizing falling bodies；
Laser-interfering measurement device, the movement of falling object is made to obtain laser interferencefringes signal for tracking the falling bodies；
Vibration-isolating platform, is arranged between the freely falling body device and the laser-interfering measurement device, for isolating ground shake
The dynamic influence to the measurement, it is characterised in that：
The freely falling body device includes housing, the vacuum storehouse being arranged in the housing and is driven with the vacuum storehouse to connect
The power set connect, the power set are used to control the vacuum storehouse in the motion of vertical direction, and the falling bodies are arranged at institute
State in vacuum storehouse, the vacuum orlop portion is provided with the movement of falling object that vacuum storehouse observation window is used to observe the falling bodies；
The absolute gravity measurement system further comprises the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system being arranged in the housing, described true
Hole capital after selling all securities displacement measuring device includes the grating scale for being arranged at the enclosure interior, and is fixedly mounted on vacuum storehouse shell
Reading head；
The absolute gravity measurement system further comprises measuring device of refraction index of air, the sky for measuring the enclosure interior
Gas refractive index.
2. absolute gravity measurement system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the freely falling body device includes being arranged at
The support frame of the enclosure interior, the support frame includes the line slideway being vertically arranged；
The vacuum storehouse is slidably mounted on the line slideway, and line slideway described in the driving lower edge in the power set is moved
It is dynamic；
The grating scale is installed on the support frame, and is set so that the grating with the line slideway parallel interval
Chi is oppositely arranged with the reading head.
3. absolute gravity measurement system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that vacuum storehouse inwall is fixedly installed branch
Support structure, for supporting the falling bodies.
4. absolute gravity measurement system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the vacuum storehouse is welded seal, described
Vacuum in vacuum storehouse is 10-6Pa to 10-4Pa。
5. absolute gravity measurement system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that air absorption is provided with the vacuum storehouse
Agent.
6. absolute gravity measurement system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The first reflecting prism is provided with the falling bodies, for reflecting the measurement laser that the laser-interfering measurement device is sent；
The second reflecting prism is provided with the shock insulation platform, the measurement for reflecting the first reflecting prism reflection swashs
Light.
7. absolute gravity measurement system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the laser-interfering measurement device includes：
First beam splitter, for collimation laser to be divided into the orthogonal testing laser and reference laser, the test
Laser Transmission reflexes to second reflecting prism to first reflecting prism, and by first reflecting prism；
Second spectroscope, for described second spectroscopical reference laser will to be passed through, and via second reflecting prism
Reflex to described second spectroscopical testing laser progress photosynthetic；
Photodetector, for by via the photosynthetic measurement laser of second spectroscope and reference laser formation
Interference fringe is converted into analog signal.
8. absolute gravity measurement system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the measuring device of refraction index of air includes
The sensor of the enclosure interior is arranged at, the sensor is used for temperature, air pressure and the humidity for sensing the enclosure interior.
9. absolute gravity measurement system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that also include：
Digital signal processor, the digital signal processor is electrically connected with the power set and the sensor, for controlling
The power set are made, and pass through temperature, air pressure and the humidity of the sensor collection enclosure interior；
The computer being connected with the digital signal processor, for giving the power set by the digital signal processor
Instruction is sent to control the power set, and the temperature for the enclosure interior passed back according to the digital signal processor
Degree, air pressure and humidity calculate the air refraction of the enclosure interior；
The data collecting card being connected with the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system, the laser interference device and the computer, institute
State computer and laser interferencefringes signal that the laser interference device sends is obtained and described true by the data collecting card
The vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal that hole capital after selling all securities displacement measuring device is sent；And
The atomic clock being connected with the data collecting card, the atomic clock provides the clock reference of standard for the data collecting card
Signal.
10. a kind of absolute gravity measurement method of absolute gravity measurement system using as described in claim any one of 1-9, bag
Include：
The vacuum storehouse is controlled to be moved straight down by the case top by the power set, so that the falling bodies
Do the movement of falling object；
Do the movement of falling object to obtain laser interferencefringes signal by the laser-interfering measurement device tracking falling bodies；
Vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal when the vacuum storehouse falls is measured by the vacuum position in storehouse measuring system；
The air refraction of the enclosure interior is measured by the measuring device of refraction index of air；And
Absolute gravity is calculated according to the laser interferencefringes signal, the vacuum position in storehouse shifting signal and the air refraction to add
Speed.
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| CN112698415A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-23 | 杭州微伽科技有限公司 | Movable gravity measurement laboratory |
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