CN112014895B - Method and equipment for measuring absolute gravity under dynamic environment - Google Patents
Method and equipment for measuring absolute gravity under dynamic environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112014895B CN112014895B CN202010777015.4A CN202010777015A CN112014895B CN 112014895 B CN112014895 B CN 112014895B CN 202010777015 A CN202010777015 A CN 202010777015A CN 112014895 B CN112014895 B CN 112014895B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and equipment for measuring absolute gravity under dynamic environment, which comprises the steps of acquiring the dynamic range, horizontal acceleration and vertical acceleration of the working angle of an installation platform based on a measurement sensor of the laser interference absolute gravimeter installation platform, judging whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet normal working conditions or not, wherein the normal working conditions comprise that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, and horizontal acceleration is in presetting horizontal acceleration scope, just vertical acceleration is in presetting vertical acceleration scope, if dynamic range horizontal acceleration with vertical acceleration satisfies normal operating condition is based on laser interference absolute gravimeter on the mounting platform carries out absolute gravity measurement, has realized further improvement absolute gravity's measurement accuracy under dynamic environment.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of gravity measurement technologies, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for absolute gravity measurement in a dynamic environment.
Background
The main tool used for measuring the g value of the gravitational acceleration at present is a laser interference absolute gravimeter, and the gravitational acceleration is obtained by accurately measuring the free falling displacement and time of a falling body in a gravitational field. The existing method for measuring the gravitational acceleration is to monitor the trajectory of a free-falling object by means of laser interference. After a laser beam emitted from a laser enters a spectroscope, the laser beam is divided into two beams by the spectroscope: a measuring beam and a reference beam; wherein, the measuring beam irradiates the measured falling body (pyramid prism) to be reflected; and the measuring beam reflected by the measured falling body irradiates the reference prism for reflection. When the measured falling body falls, the measuring beam reflected by the reference prism interferes with the reference beam to generate interference fringes. The number of the interference fringes corresponds to the falling displacement of the measured falling body, and the falling time of the measured falling body is recorded. The gravity acceleration g value is usually obtained by multipoint measurement and least square fitting.
Existing absolute gravimeters all operate in static environments (e.g., on bedrock, in laboratories). A few scientists have attempted to make absolute gravity measurements on airborne and shipborne platforms. Baumann and Klingel' e and the like utilize a modified FGL laser interference absolute gravimeter and combine GPS data to carry out airborne absolute gravity measurement experiments, and the uncertainty of 6.9mGal is achieved. The Bidel et al uses a shipborne absolute gravity measurement system composed of an atomic interference absolute gravimeter, a gyroscope stable platform and a force balance accelerometer to perform a shipborne absolute gravity measurement experiment, and obtains mGal-level marine gravity data.
However, the feasibility analysis combined with the structure of the absolute gravimeter is lacked in the existing measurement experiment, and the default instrument can always work normally. In fact, due to the structural limitation of the instrument, the instrument cannot work normally under a certain dynamic condition, and therefore the accuracy of absolute gravity value measurement is affected.
Therefore, how to further improve the measurement accuracy of the absolute gravity in a dynamic environment is a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and equipment for measuring absolute gravity in a dynamic environment, which are used for solving the technical problem that the measurement accuracy of the absolute gravity is not high because whether an absolute gravimeter can normally work or not is not considered in the dynamic environment in the prior art, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a measuring sensor of a laser interference absolute gravimeter mounting platform obtains the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of a working angle of the mounting platform;
judging whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet normal working conditions, wherein the normal working conditions comprise that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, the horizontal acceleration is in a preset horizontal acceleration range, and the vertical acceleration is in a preset vertical acceleration range;
and if the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet the normal working condition, carrying out absolute gravity measurement based on a laser interference absolute gravimeter on the mounting platform.
Preferably, before determining whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration satisfy a normal operating condition, the method further includes:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the medium refractive index of the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, the height of the right-angle vertex of the pyramid prism falling body, the vacuum refractive index and the preset maximum deviation of the emergent point of the pyramid prism falling body;
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to the maximum offset of the preset exit point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body;
and determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to the acceleration and the gravity acceleration standard value of the bracket when the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter begins to fall.
Preferably, the preset maximum angle range is determined according to the medium refractive index of the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, the height of the right angle vertex of the pyramid prism falling body, the vacuum refractive index and the maximum offset of the preset exit point of the pyramid prism falling body, and specifically:
determining the maximum inclination angle of the incident light of the pyramid prism falling body according to a first formula, wherein the first formula specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the maximum inclination angle;
wherein imaxIs the maximum tilt angle, n is the refractive index of the medium, n0Is the vacuum refractive index, dmaxSetting the maximum offset of the preset emergent point, setting h as the height of the right angle vertex and setting the maximum angleRange of (-i)max，imax)。
Preferably, the determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to the maximum deviation of the preset exit point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body specifically includes:
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to a second formula, wherein the second formula specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein a1 is the horizontal acceleration, dmaxAnd t is the maximum offset of the preset emergent point, and t is the falling time.
Preferably, the preset vertical acceleration range is determined according to the acceleration and the standard value of the gravitational acceleration of the bracket when the pyramid prism falling body begins to fall in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, specifically:
determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to a formula III, wherein the formula III specifically comprises the following steps:
|a2|＜(at-g)
wherein a2 is the vertical acceleration, atAnd g is the standard gravity acceleration value.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides equipment for absolute gravity measurement in a dynamic environment, which comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of the working angle of the mounting platform based on a measurement sensor of the laser interference absolute gravimeter mounting platform;
the judging module is used for judging whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet normal working conditions or not, wherein the normal working conditions comprise that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, the horizontal acceleration is in a preset horizontal acceleration range, and the vertical acceleration is in a preset vertical acceleration range;
and the measuring module is used for carrying out absolute gravity measurement based on the laser interference absolute gravimeter on the mounting platform if the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet the normal working condition.
Preferably, the method further comprises a determining module, configured to:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the medium refractive index of the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, the height of the right-angle vertex of the pyramid prism falling body, the vacuum refractive index and the preset maximum deviation of the emergent point of the pyramid prism falling body;
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to the maximum offset of the preset exit point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body;
and determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to the acceleration and the gravity acceleration standard value of the bracket when the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter begins to fall.
Preferably, the determining module is further specifically configured to:
determining the maximum inclination angle of the incident light of the pyramid prism falling body according to a first formula, wherein the first formula specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the maximum inclination angle;
wherein imaxIs the maximum tilt angle, n is the refractive index of the medium, n0Is the vacuum refractive index, dmaxThe maximum offset of the preset emergent point is h is the height of the right angle vertex, and the preset maximum angle range is (-i)max，imax)。
Preferably, the determining module is further specifically configured to:
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to a second formula, wherein the second formula specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein a1 is the horizontal acceleration, dmaxAnd t is the maximum offset of the preset emergent point, and t is the falling time.
Preferably, the determining module is specifically configured to:
determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to a formula III, wherein the formula III specifically comprises the following steps:
|a2|＜(at-g)
wherein a2 is the vertical acceleration, atAnd g is the standard gravity acceleration value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a method and equipment for measuring absolute gravity under dynamic environment, which comprises the steps of acquiring the dynamic range, horizontal acceleration and vertical acceleration of the working angle of an installation platform based on a measurement sensor of the laser interference absolute gravimeter installation platform, judging whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet normal working conditions or not, wherein the normal working conditions comprise that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, and horizontal acceleration is in presetting horizontal acceleration scope, just vertical acceleration is in presetting vertical acceleration scope, if dynamic range horizontal acceleration with vertical acceleration satisfies normal operating condition is based on laser interference absolute gravimeter on the mounting platform carries out absolute gravity measurement, has realized further improvement absolute gravity's measurement accuracy under dynamic environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for absolute gravity measurement in a dynamic environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method for absolute gravity measurement in a dynamic environment according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a geometric perspective view of a cube corner prism falling body proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a drop method drop control architecture proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cube corner prism falling body proposed in an embodiment of the present invention in a translation direction;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for absolute gravity measurement in a dynamic environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The absolute gravimeter is a main precise instrument which is developed internationally and used for directly measuring the gravity acceleration, is also an important technical means for detecting the information of the earth gravitational field, and plays more and more roles in the aspects of national gravity datum point establishment, earthquake and sea level monitoring, precise measurement of the ground level, vertical deformation of the earth crust, national defense construction and the like.
As described in the background art, in the prior art, when absolute gravity measurement is performed in a dynamic environment, the precision and structural limitation of the absolute gravimeter are not considered, and when the absolute gravity is greater than a certain dynamic condition, the absolute gravimeter cannot normally operate, so that the accuracy of absolute gravity measurement is reduced.
Therefore, the application provides a method and equipment for absolute gravity measurement in a dynamic environment, so as to further improve the measurement accuracy of the absolute gravity in the dynamic environment.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for absolute gravity measurement in a dynamic environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method includes the following steps:
s101, acquiring a dynamic range, a horizontal acceleration and a vertical acceleration of a working angle of an installation platform based on a measurement sensor of the laser interference absolute gravimeter installation platform.
In the actual operation process under the dynamic environment, due to the structural limitation of the laser interference absolute gravimeter, when the actual working condition of the laser interference absolute gravimeter during working exceeds the normal working condition, the laser interference absolute gravimeter cannot be normally used, and the actual working condition of the laser interference absolute gravimeter during working is the dynamic range of the working angle of the mounting platform, the horizontal acceleration of the mounting platform and the vertical acceleration of the mounting platform.
Specifically, the dynamic range of the working angle of the mounting platform is also the dynamic range of the pitching and rolling angle of the laser interference absolute gravimeter mounting platform, the horizontal acceleration of the mounting platform is also the horizontal acceleration of the mounting platform under the conditions of airborne, shipborne and the like, the vertical acceleration of the mounting platform is also the vertical acceleration of the mounting platform under the conditions of airborne, shipborne and the like, and the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of the working angle of the mounting platform can be measured through measuring sensors such as a gyroscope, an acceleration sensor and the like.
Step S102, judging whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet normal working conditions, wherein the normal working conditions comprise that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, the horizontal acceleration is in a preset horizontal acceleration range, and the vertical acceleration is in a preset vertical acceleration range.
Specifically, whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of the working angle of the obtained mounting platform are in the normal working condition or not is judged, that is, whether the actual working condition of the laser interference absolute gravimeter meets the normal working condition or not is judged, when the laser interference absolute gravimeter works, any parameter in the actual working condition exceeds the range of the corresponding parameter in the normal working condition, so that the measurement accuracy of the laser interference absolute gravimeter is reduced, and even the laser interference absolute gravimeter cannot work normally.
And the normal working condition comprises that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, the horizontal acceleration is in a preset horizontal acceleration range, the vertical acceleration is in a preset vertical acceleration range, the three parameters are simultaneously satisfied, and if any one or more than one of the parameters are not satisfied, the laser interference absolute gravimeter cannot normally work and stops measuring.
It should be noted that the above scheme for measuring the actual working condition and determining whether the actual working condition meets the normal working condition is only a specific implementation manner in the present application, and other manners for measuring various parameters in the actual working condition and manners for determining whether the laser interference absolute gravimeter normally works according to the actual working condition all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
In order to more accurately determine whether the laser interference absolute gravimeter can normally operate, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, before determining whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration, and the vertical acceleration satisfy normal operating conditions, the method further includes:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the medium refractive index of the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, the height of the right-angle vertex of the pyramid prism falling body, the vacuum refractive index and the preset maximum deviation of the emergent point of the pyramid prism falling body;
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to the maximum offset of the preset exit point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body;
and determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to the acceleration and the gravity acceleration standard value of the bracket when the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter begins to fall.
Specifically, the normal working conditions of the laser interference absolute gravimeter are determined according to the parameter indexes of the apparatus itself, wherein the maximum angle range can be determined according to the medium refractive index of the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, the height of the right angle vertex of the pyramid prism falling body, the vacuum refractive index, and the maximum deviation of the preset exit point of the pyramid prism falling body, such as the pyramid prism falling body shown in fig. 3, the right angle vertex O, the bottom ABC, and the projection point of O on the bottom is O ', and O' is the central point of the bottom regular triangle ABC.
The medium refractive index of the pyramid prism falling body is inherent, the height of the right-angle vertex of the pyramid prism falling body is the distance from the vertex O in the pyramid prism falling body to the bottom surface triangle ABC, namely OO', the vacuum refractive index is also the refractive index of the working environment where the pyramid prism falling body is located, and the maximum offset of the preset emergent point of the pyramid prism falling body is the maximum offset capable of normally receiving emergent rays.
In the process that the pyramid prism falling body is separated from the bracket and falls freely, if horizontal acceleration exists on the platform, the pyramid prism falling body and other parts of the laser interference absolute gravimeter generate relative displacement in the horizontal direction, if the displacement is too large, interference measuring beams and reference beams are not overlapped any more, and therefore interference signals cannot be generated, the allowed maximum horizontal acceleration is the preset horizontal acceleration range, and the preset horizontal acceleration range can be determined through the preset maximum deviation of an emergent point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body.
In actual work measurement, most laser interference absolute gravimeters adopt a falling body control structure by a falling method, as shown in fig. 4, the falling body control mechanism, a bracket and a falling body are positioned in a vacuum system, the falling body is a pyramid prism falling body, in the actual measurement process, the bracket needs to be accelerated to descend at a speed slightly larger than the gravity acceleration, the falling body is ensured to fall in a free falling body mode, and the relative distance between the falling body and the bracket needs to be ensured not to exceed 8mm, so that the impact disturbance when the bracket bears the falling body after single measurement is minimized.
And the preset vertical acceleration range can be determined according to the acceleration of the bracket when the pyramid prism falling body begins to fall in the measurement process and the standard value of the gravity acceleration.
In order to more accurately determine the preset maximum angle range, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, the preset maximum angle range is determined according to a medium refractive index of a pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, a height of a right angle vertex of the pyramid prism falling body, a vacuum refractive index, and a preset maximum deviation amount of a preset exit point of the pyramid prism falling body, and specifically is:
determining the maximum inclination angle of the incident light of the pyramid prism falling body according to a first formula, wherein the first formula specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the maximum inclination angle;
wherein imaxIs the maximum tilt angle, n is the refractive index of the medium, n0Is the vacuum refractive index, dmaxThe maximum offset of the preset emergent point is h is the height of the right angle vertex, and the preset maximum angle range is (-i)max，imax)。
Specifically, the preset maximum angle range may be determined by the above formula one, wherein the preset maximum offset of the exit point may be determined by the following formula four:
determining the maximum offset d of the preset emergent point according to the diameter of the interference light spot, the index of the light-induced sensor and the likemax。
Wherein, if the dynamic range of the working angle of the installation platform exceeds the preset maximum angle range, namely (-i)max，imax) Can be added by adding a gyroscopeThe spirometer stabilizes the platform to correct the dynamic range.
It should be noted that the above solution of the preferred embodiment is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, and other manners that can determine the dynamic range of the working angle of the mounting platform all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
In order to determine the preset horizontal acceleration range more accurately, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, the preset horizontal acceleration range is determined according to the maximum offset of the preset exit point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body, specifically:
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to a second formula, wherein the second formula specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein a1 is the horizontal acceleration, dmaxAnd t is the maximum offset of the preset emergent point, and t is the falling time.
Specifically, the preset horizontal acceleration range can be determined by the determined maximum offset of the preset exit point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body, and can be specifically determined by the formula two.
It should be noted that the above preferred embodiment is only a specific implementation of the present application, and other ways of determining the horizontal acceleration range that can be allowed by the laser interference absolute gravimeter, that is, the preset horizontal acceleration range, all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
In order to determine the preset vertical acceleration range more accurately, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, the preset vertical acceleration range is determined according to the acceleration and the standard value of the gravitational acceleration of the bracket when the pyramid prism falling body starts falling in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, specifically:
determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to a formula III, wherein the formula III specifically comprises the following steps:
|a2|＜(at-g)
wherein a2 is the vertical acceleration, atAnd g is the standard gravity acceleration value.
Specifically, before determining whether the vertical acceleration of the mounting platform is within the preset vertical acceleration range, the preset vertical acceleration range of the laser interference absolute gravimeter needs to be determined, and the preset vertical acceleration range can be determined by the above formula three.
It should be noted that the above solution of the preferred embodiment is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, and other manners of determining the vertical acceleration range of the mounting platform in which the laser interference absolute gravimeter can normally operate, that is, the preset vertical acceleration range, all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
By applying the technical scheme, the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of the working angle of the mounting platform are obtained by the measuring sensor of the mounting platform, whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet normal working conditions is judged, the normal working conditions comprise that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, and the horizontal acceleration is in a preset horizontal acceleration range, and the vertical acceleration is in a preset vertical acceleration range, if the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet the normal working condition, absolute gravity measurement is performed based on a laser interference absolute gravimeter on the mounting platform, the measurement accuracy of the laser interference absolute gravimeter can be further improved in dynamic environments such as airborne, vehicle-mounted and ship-mounted environments.
In order to further explain the technical idea of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to specific working scenarios.
The method for measuring absolute gravity in a dynamic environment comprises the steps of determining a preset maximum angle range, a preset horizontal acceleration range and a preset vertical acceleration range which are allowed by a laser interference absolute gravimeter to normally operate, judging whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of a working angle of an installation platform meet the condition that the dynamic range is smaller than the preset maximum angle range, the horizontal acceleration is in the preset horizontal acceleration range, the vertical acceleration is in the preset vertical acceleration range, and measuring the absolute gravity by the laser interference absolute gravimeter on the installation platform under the condition that the conditions are met.
As shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the following specific steps:
step S201, determining the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of the working angle of the mounting platform based on the measuring sensor.
Specifically, the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration, and the vertical acceleration of the current working angle of the platform may be installed by a gyroscope and an acceleration sensor.
And step S202, determining a preset maximum angle range.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the vertex of the right angle O, the bottom ABC, and the projection point of O on the bottom is O ', and then O' is the central point of the bottom regular triangle ABC, and the incident light Ray0When the light is vertically incident on the bottom surface M point, the light exits from the point MoIs the projection of the symmetric point M' of the point M about the point O on the triangle ABC on the bottom surface when the incident light Ray1At oblique incidence at an angle i, the point of emergence MiIs the projection of M' on the ground along the direction of the internal incident ray, and let OO ═ h, n is the refractive index of the medium, and n isoIs the vacuum refractive index, then the geometrical relationship shows that:
(1)M'M0＝2h
(2)
(3)
the formula of the preset departure point offset can be determined through the three formulas:
(4)
at this time, the maximum offset d can be determined according to the diameter of the interference light spot, the index of the light-sensitive sensor and the likemaxThen, at this time, the preset maximum angle range of the laser interference absolute gravimeter is determined according to the following formula I.
The formula I is as follows:
wherein imaxIs the maximum tilt angle, n is the refractive index of the medium, n0Is the vacuum refractive index, dmaxThe maximum offset of the preset emergent point is h is the height of the right angle vertex, and the preset maximum angle range is (-i)max，imax)。
And step S203, determining a preset horizontal acceleration range.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, a cross-sectional view of a pyramid prism falling body in a translation direction is shown, a vertex of the pyramid prism is O, a projection point of a point O on a bottom surface is a center of a regular triangle of the bottom surface, which is marked as O ', assuming that light is incident vertically, an incident point is M, an exit point M0 and M are symmetric about O', a mounting platform and an absolute gravity measurement system, that is, a laser interference absolute gravimeter (including no falling body) is displaced horizontally with respect to the falling body by l, the incident point is translated to M ', the displacement is also l, according to a symmetric relationship, the exit point M0 is translated to a point M0', and is translated in a reverse direction with respect to O ', and the exit point M0' is translated by 2l in a reverse direction with respect to the platform.
Therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
(5)2|l|≤dmax
at the same time, based on the formula between acceleration and displacement:
(6)
wherein, ah(t) is the acceleration in the horizontal direction during the falling of the falling body, t is the falling time of the falling body, which is generally within tens to hundreds of milliseconds, becauseThis can be used to estimate the predetermined horizontal acceleration range using the approximate uniform acceleration motion, resulting in the following equation two:
and step S204, determining a preset vertical acceleration range.
In actual work measurement, most laser interference absolute gravimeters adopt a falling body control structure by a falling method, as shown in fig. 4, the falling body control mechanism, a bracket and a falling body are positioned in a vacuum system, the falling body is a pyramid prism falling body, in the actual measurement process, the bracket needs to be accelerated to descend at a speed slightly larger than the gravity acceleration, the falling body is ensured to fall in a free falling body mode, and the relative distance between the falling body and the bracket needs to be ensured not to exceed 8mm, so that the impact disturbance when the bracket bears the falling body after single measurement is minimized.
Specifically, if the gravitational acceleration is g, the additional instantaneous vertical acceleration when the pyramid prism falling body starts to fall is a, and all the additional instantaneous vertical acceleration is a, and the additional instantaneous vertical acceleration is a downward positive direction, then the pyramid prism falling body enters a free fall state, and the acceleration of the bracket when the pyramid prism falling body starts to fall is satisfied:
(7)at＞g-a
and for a determinate absolute gravimetric system, atTherefore, a determination formula of the preset vertical acceleration range can be obtained, namely the following formula three:
|a2|＜(at-g)
and S205, when the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet the normal working condition, normally working the laser interference absolute gravimeter.
Specifically, the normal working condition includes that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, the horizontal acceleration is in a preset horizontal acceleration range, the vertical acceleration is in a preset vertical acceleration range, and only when the three conditions are met simultaneously, the laser interference absolute gravimeter normally works to measure the absolute gravity.
By applying the technical scheme, whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of the working angle of the mounting platform meet the condition that the dynamic range is smaller than the preset maximum angle range or not is judged by determining the preset maximum angle range, the preset horizontal acceleration range and the preset vertical acceleration range which are allowed by the normal operation of the laser interference absolute gravimeter, and the horizontal acceleration is in a preset horizontal acceleration range, and the vertical acceleration is in a preset vertical acceleration range, under the condition that the above conditions are all met, the laser interference absolute gravimeter on the mounting platform carries out absolute gravity measurement, thereby avoiding the reduction of the measurement precision of the laser interference absolute gravimeter due to the influence of dynamic environment, the measurement accuracy of the laser interference absolute gravimeter can be further improved in dynamic environments such as airborne, vehicle-mounted and ship-mounted environments.
Corresponding to the method for performing absolute gravity measurement in a dynamic environment in the preferred embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus for performing absolute gravity measurement in a dynamic environment, as shown in fig. 6, the apparatus includes:
the acquisition module 601 is used for acquiring the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of the working angle of the mounting platform based on the measurement sensor of the laser interference absolute gravimeter mounting platform;
a determining module 602, configured to determine whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration, and the vertical acceleration satisfy a normal operating condition, where the normal operating condition includes that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, the horizontal acceleration is within a preset horizontal acceleration range, and the vertical acceleration is within a preset vertical acceleration range;
and the measuring module 603 is configured to perform absolute gravity measurement based on the laser interference absolute gravimeter on the mounting platform if the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration, and the vertical acceleration satisfy the normal working condition.
In a specific application scenario, the method further includes a determining module, configured to:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the medium refractive index of the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, the height of the right-angle vertex of the pyramid prism falling body, the vacuum refractive index and the preset maximum deviation of the emergent point of the pyramid prism falling body;
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to the maximum offset of the preset exit point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body;
and determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to the acceleration and the gravity acceleration standard value of the bracket when the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter begins to fall.
In a specific application scenario, the determining module is specifically configured to:
determining the maximum inclination angle of the incident light of the pyramid prism falling body according to a first formula, wherein the first formula specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the maximum inclination angle;
wherein imaxIs the maximum tilt angle, n is the refractive index of the medium, n0Is the vacuum refractive index, dmaxThe maximum offset of the preset emergent point is h is the height of the right angle vertex, and the preset maximum angle range is (-i)max，imax)。
In a specific application scenario, the determining module is further specifically configured to:
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to a second formula, wherein the second formula specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein a1 is the horizontal acceleration, dmaxAnd t is the maximum offset of the preset emergent point, and t is the falling time.
In a specific application scenario, the determining module is further specifically configured to:
determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to a formula III, wherein the formula III specifically comprises the following steps:
|a2|＜(at-g)
wherein a2 is the vertical acceleration, atAnd g is the standard gravity acceleration value.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the present invention may be implemented by hardware, or by software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a usb disk, a removable hard disk, etc.), and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the implementation scenarios of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the figures are merely schematic representations of one preferred implementation scenario and that the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the implementation scenario may be distributed in the devices in the implementation scenario according to the description of the implementation scenario, or may be located in one or more devices different from the present implementation scenario with corresponding changes. The modules of the implementation scenario may be combined into one module, or may be further split into a plurality of sub-modules.
The above-mentioned invention numbers are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the implementation scenarios.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not necessarily depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for absolute gravity measurement in a dynamic environment, the method comprising:
the method comprises the steps that a measuring sensor of a laser interference absolute gravimeter mounting platform obtains the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of a working angle of the mounting platform;
judging whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet normal working conditions, wherein the normal working conditions comprise that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, the horizontal acceleration is in a preset horizontal acceleration range, and the vertical acceleration is in a preset vertical acceleration range;
if the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet the normal working condition, absolute gravity measurement is carried out based on a laser interference absolute gravimeter on the mounting platform;
before determining whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration satisfy a normal working condition, the method further includes:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the medium refractive index of the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, the height of the right-angle vertex of the pyramid prism falling body, the vacuum refractive index and the preset maximum deviation of the emergent point of the pyramid prism falling body;
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to the maximum offset of the preset exit point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body;
and determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to the acceleration and the gravity acceleration standard value of the bracket when the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter begins to fall.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined maximum angular range is determined according to a medium refractive index of the pyramid prism falling body, a right angle vertex height of the pyramid prism falling body, a vacuum refractive index and a predetermined maximum deviation amount of an emergent point of the pyramid prism falling body, and specifically comprises:
determining the maximum inclination angle of the incident light of the pyramid prism falling body according to a first formula, wherein the first formula specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the maximum inclination angle;
wherein imaxIs the maximum tilt angle, n is the refractive index of the medium, n0Is the vacuum refractive index, dmaxThe maximum offset of the preset emergent point is h is the height of the right angle vertex, and the preset maximum angle range is (-i)max，imax)。
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined horizontal acceleration range is determined according to the maximum offset of the predetermined exit point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body, specifically:
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to a second formula, wherein the second formula specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein a1 is the horizontal acceleration, dmaxAnd t is the maximum offset of the preset emergent point, and t is the falling time.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined vertical acceleration range is determined according to the acceleration of the carriage when the pyramid prism falling body begins to fall and the standard value of the gravity acceleration in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, specifically:
determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to a formula III, wherein the formula III specifically comprises the following steps:
|a2|＜(at-g)
wherein a2 is the vertical acceleration, atAnd g is the standard gravity acceleration value.
5. An apparatus for absolute gravity measurement in a static environment, the apparatus comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration of the working angle of the mounting platform based on a measurement sensor of the laser interference absolute gravimeter mounting platform;
the judging module is used for judging whether the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet normal working conditions or not, wherein the normal working conditions comprise that the dynamic range is smaller than a preset maximum angle range, the horizontal acceleration is in a preset horizontal acceleration range, and the vertical acceleration is in a preset vertical acceleration range;
the measurement module is used for carrying out absolute gravity measurement based on a laser interference absolute gravimeter on the mounting platform if the dynamic range, the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration meet the normal working condition;
a determination module to:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the medium refractive index of the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter, the height of the right-angle vertex of the pyramid prism falling body, the vacuum refractive index and the preset maximum deviation of the emergent point of the pyramid prism falling body;
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to the maximum offset of the preset exit point and the falling time of the pyramid prism falling body;
and determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to the acceleration and the gravity acceleration standard value of the bracket when the pyramid prism falling body in the laser interference absolute gravimeter begins to fall.
6. The device of claim 5, wherein the determination module is specifically configured to:
determining the maximum inclination angle of the incident light of the pyramid prism falling body according to a first formula, wherein the first formula specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the preset maximum angle range according to the maximum inclination angle;
wherein imaxIs the maximum tilt angle, n is the refractive index of the medium, n0Is the vacuum refractive index, dmaxThe maximum offset of the preset emergent point is h is the height of the right angle vertex, and the preset maximum angle range is (-i)max，imax)。
7. The device of claim 6, wherein the determination module is further specifically configured to:
determining the preset horizontal acceleration range according to a second formula, wherein the second formula specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein a1 is the horizontal acceleration, dmaxAnd t is the maximum offset of the preset emergent point, and t is the falling time.
8. The device of claim 5, wherein the determination module is further specifically configured to:
determining the preset vertical acceleration range according to a formula III, wherein the formula III specifically comprises the following steps:
|a2|＜(at-g)
wherein a2 is the vertical acceleration, atAnd g is the standard gravity acceleration value.
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