The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of rail fastening integration test experimental facilities, can be to rail
Apply the vertical static and dynamic loadings of different size or frequency, vertical force of the adjustment effect on rail and cross force ratio.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of rail fastening integration test experimental facilities, including supporting table, sleeper cushion cap, loading device and control system, it is described
Sleeper and rail can be placed by being provided between sleeper cushion cap and supporting table above angle adjusting mechanism, the sleeper cushion cap, described
Sleeper and rail are connected by fastener, and the loading device includes vertical actuator and longitudinal actuator, the vertical actuator
It is arranged on above sleeper cushion cap, longitudinal actuator is arranged on the longitudinal side of rail, passes through vertical actuator and longitudinal start
Device carries out longitudinal direction and vertical loading to rail, and the vertical actuator and longitudinal actuator end are by measuring termination and rail
Contact, actuator termination can carry out dismounting manually according to different measure the items, change;It is the angle adjusting mechanism, vertical
Actuator, longitudinal actuator and measurement termination are connected with control system.
It is preferred that, the angle adjusting mechanism includes rotating shaft, motor, leading screw and support column, the sleeper cushion cap bottom one
End is connected by rotating shaft with supporting table, and the sleeper cushion cap bottom other end is provided with guiding surface, and the support column, which is arranged on, leads
To between inclined-plane and supporting table, the support column is arranged on leading screw end, and the motor output shaft drives silk by gear drive
Thick stick does stretching motion.
Further, the motor is stepper motor.
It is preferred that, dial is provided with outside the rotating shaft, the dial is arranged in supporting table, the rotating shaft and pointer
It is connected.
Further, longitudinal actuator is arranged on the longitudinal one end of rail, and the rail other end is provided with displacement sensing
Device, institute's displacement sensors are connected with control system.
It is preferred that, the control system includes computer and switch board, and the measurement termination is connected with computer, the electricity
Machine is connected by motor control wire with computer and switch board, and the vertical actuator and longitudinal actuator are led by actuator
Line is connected with computer and switch board.
Further, pressure display unit is additionally provided with the switch board, the pressure display unit is connected with computer.
It is preferred that, the vertical actuator and longitudinal actuator are electro-hydraulic loading mechanism, including hydraulic cylinder, are made
Dynamic cylinder, electrohydraulic servo valve and sensor, the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder are connected with pressurized strut, and the pressurized strut end is provided with
Termination is measured, the hydraulic cylinder, electrohydraulic servo valve and sensor are connected with control system.
It is preferred that, the support column upper and lower sides are equipped with T-shaped guide rail, the supporting table contacted with support column and sleeper cushion cap end
Face is provided with the T-slot coordinated with T-shaped guide rail.By the cooperation of T-shaped guide rail and T-slot, it can prevent sleeper cushion cap from occurring vertical
To with laterally topple.
It is preferred that, the vertical actuator is arranged on top plate, and the top plate is arranged on sleeper cushion cap by four pillars
Top, longitudinal actuator is arranged in sleeper cushion cap side, the pressurized strut center line and rail of longitudinal actuator
Heart axis is in the same plane.
It is using the beneficial effect produced by above-mentioned technical proposal:The rotation of sleeper cushion cap is adjusted by angle adjusting mechanism
Gyration, vertical and longitudinal direction loading is carried out to rail by vertical actuator and longitudinal actuator, using measuring termination by data
Transmit to control system.The present invention applies the vertical static and dynamic loadings of different size or frequency, regulation using control system to rail
The vertical force acted on rail and cross force ratio, and then measure fastener longitudinal resistance, rail level friction using external instrument
Coefficient, bolt axial force etc., can also measure the buckle press and fastener embedded parts withdrawal resistance of fastener.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of rail fastening integration test experimental facilities passed through referring to Fig. 1,2, the present invention, including supporting table 19, sleeper
Cushion cap 8, loading device and control system, are provided with angle adjusting mechanism, the sleeper between the sleeper cushion cap 8 and supporting table 19
The top of cushion cap 8 can place sleeper 16 and rail 17, and the sleeper 16 and rail 17 are connected by fastener 18, the loading device
Including vertical actuator 1 and longitudinal actuator 3, the vertical actuator 1 is arranged on the top of sleeper cushion cap 8, longitudinal start
Device 3 is arranged on the longitudinal side of rail 17, and longitudinal direction is carried out to rail 17 by vertical actuator 1 and longitudinal actuator 3 adds with vertical
Carry, the vertical actuator 1 and longitudinal end of actuator 3 are contacted by measuring termination 13 with rail 17, and measurement termination 13 can
According to different measure the items dismount manually, change;The anglec of rotation of sleeper cushion cap 8 is adjusted by angle adjusting mechanism
Degree;The angle adjusting mechanism, vertical actuator 1, longitudinal actuator 3 and measurement termination 13 are connected with control system.
The present invention drives vertical actuator and longitudinal actuator to apply different size or frequency to rail by control system
Vertical quiet, dynamic load, wherein static load can be pulling force, pressure, and the measurement termination of vertical actuator and longitudinal actuator end can
With dismounting, replacing manually as needed, corresponding measurement termination has three kinds, and respectively pulling force termination, pressure termination and rail level rubs
Measurement termination is wiped, wherein rail level rub measurement termination is taken turns provided with circle, and Yuan Lun centers are placed with torque sensor, the torque sensor
It is connected with the computer of control system, torque information can be fed back to computer;Wherein, it is placed on the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal one end of rail
Actuator, longitudinal force is applied to rail foot surface, for measuring fastener resistance and rail level resistance, when displacement occurs in rail, circle wheel
Rotate, the ratio of torque value and circle wheel radius now is rail level friction force value.It is 0 by control system controlled loading scope
~200kN.
As a kind of preferred structure, the angle adjusting mechanism includes rotating shaft 9, motor 6, leading screw 7 and support column 14, described
The bottom end of sleeper cushion cap 8 is connected by rotating shaft 9 with supporting table 19, and the bottom other end of sleeper cushion cap 8 is provided with guiding surface
23, the support column 14 is set between guiding surface 23 and supporting table 19, and the support column 14 is arranged on the end of leading screw 7, described
The output shaft of motor 6 drives leading screw 7 to do stretching motion by gear drive.Leading screw is engaged with motor output shaft gear, passes through electricity
The rotation of machine output shaft drives leading screw to move forward and backward, when leading screw is moved forward, drives sleeper cushion cap angle to increase, when leading screw to
After when moving, sleeper cushion cap angle diminishes.
Wherein, the motor 6 is preferably stepper motor.Stepper motor is fixed on the support of lower section by four bolts
On platform, leading screw translating device is constituted with leading screw, leading screw can be driven to move forward and backward.The computer of control system is driven by stepper motor
Dynamic device control stepper motor, computer sends pulse signal and tuning signal to stepper motor driver, so as to control stepping electricity
Turned position, rotating speed and the steering of machine, realize and the angle of sleeper cushion cap are controlled.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the outside of rotating shaft 9 is provided with dial 10, and the dial 10 is set
In supporting table 19, the rotating shaft 9 is connected with pointer.Be carved with angle value on dial, pointer with the rotating shaft of sleeper cushion cap together
Rotation, pointer indicates that numerical value is sleeper rotation angle value, and such dial can do one to actual rotation angle and check.Pass through
Control system controls angle of regulation range to be 0~45 °, and angular adjustment precision is ± 0.02 °.
As further preferred scheme, longitudinal actuator 3 is arranged on the longitudinal one end of rail 17, and the rail 17 is another
One end is provided with displacement transducer 4, and institute's displacement sensors 4 are connected with control system.Vertical is applied to rail by longitudinal actuator
Xiang Li, the length travel of rail is detected by displacement transducer.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the control system includes computer 12 and switch board 20, described to survey
Amount termination 13 is connected with computer 12, and the motor 6 is connected by motor control wire 11 with computer 12 and switch board 20, institute
State vertical actuator 1 and longitudinal actuator 3 is connected by actuator wire 2 with reductor 12 and switch board 20.
In addition, being additionally provided with pressure display unit 5 on the switch board 20, the pressure display unit 5 is connected with computer 12.Pressure
Power display can be connected with vertical actuator and longitudinal actuator, the vertical and longitudinal direction pressure applied to display directly perceived to rail
Force value.
Wherein, the vertical actuator 1 and longitudinal actuator 3 select electro-hydraulic loading mechanism.The electro-hydraulic servo adds
Mounted mechanism can realize the fine setting of load, and when loaded value is close to desirable value, the computer of control system can be sent out to electrohydraulic servo valve
Go out instruction, loading velocity slows down, it is achieved thereby that fine setting.
Electro-hydraulic loading mechanism is by control system control, including hydraulic cylinder, pressurized strut, electrohydraulic servo valve and sensing
Device, the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with pressurized strut, and the pressurized strut end, which is provided with, measures termination, the hydraulic cylinder,
Electrohydraulic servo valve and sensor are connected with control system.Computer control system sends loading instruction to electrohydraulic servo valve, and
Constantly receive reponse system feedack;The signal that electrohydraulic servo valve is sent according to computer, by relevant pressure and flow
Oil be transferred to the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder, pass through pressurized strut power output;Sensor is used to sense force value and displacement information, and passes through
Reponse system is by these feedback of the information to computer.Wherein, vertical actuator, longitudinal actuator are controlled by a computer,
Control software is installed on computer, required parameter value can be inputted, such as vertically with longitudinal load, loading velocity, loading frequency
Deng.
Further optimize above-mentioned technical proposal, the upper and lower sides of support column 14 are equipped with T-shaped guide rail 15, connect with support column 14
Tactile supporting table 19 and the end face of sleeper cushion cap 8 are provided with the T-slot coordinated with T-shaped guide rail 15.The end of leading screw passes through support column
The rotation of sleeper cushion cap is driven, two T-rails are protruded in support column top and bottom respectively, T-rail above and sleeper cushion cap bottom surface
T-slot track slided on T-slot track with merging, following T-rail and the T-slot track in supporting table are with merging edge
The slip of T-slot track.The design of T-shaped structure causes sleeper cushion cap, leading screw end and the end supported underneath platform formation one
The structure of monolithic stability, can prevent that sleeper cushion cap is positive and laterally topples.
Wherein, the vertical actuator 1 is arranged on top plate 22, and the top plate 22 is arranged on sleeper by four pillars 21
The top of cushion cap 8, longitudinal actuator 3 is arranged on the side of sleeper cushion cap 8, the pressurized strut center line and steel of longitudinal actuator
The central axis of rail is in the same plane.
In summary, the present invention possesses following functions:
1. apply the vertical static and dynamic loadings of different size or frequency to rail, realized and automatically controlled by computer.
2., can be with vertical force of the adjustment effect on rail and cross force ratio under certain vertical load(Y/Q), and
Realized and automatically controlled by computer.
3. in the case where above-mentioned functions are realized, measured using external instrument(Have in the case of load action and to make with no-load
In the case of)Fastener longitudinal resistance, rail level coefficient of friction, bolt axial force, spring stress.
4. the present invention can also measure the buckle press and fastener embedded parts withdrawal resistance of fastener.
The operation principle and operating procedure of the present invention is as follows:
Different size of load is applied to rail using the vertical actuator and longitudinal actuator of electro-hydraulic loading mechanism, passed through
Change sleeper cushion cap angle value, so as to change the vertical force and cross force ratio being applied on rail(Y/Q).So study not
Same Y/Q values are with different size load to rail fastening stress state, fastener longitudinal resistance, rail level coefficient of friction and bolt axial force
Influence.
Specific works step is as follows:
(1)Rail system is laid first, sleeper is placed on sleeper cushion cap, and rail is put in specific position on sleeper,
Ensure that rail axis is located at immediately below thrust bearing, then in rail both sides fastener for installing, make button according to required buckle press
Sleeper is coupled by part with rail.
(2)Software in computer is opened, input angle angle value and angular adjustment speed, are then clicked in angular adjustment module
" beginning/pause " button starts stepper motor, and stepper motor drives leading screw to move forward, and leading screw front support post drives sleeper to hold
Platform rotates.When sleeper cushion cap anglec of rotation angle setpoint close in computer, the rotation of sleeper cushion cap initially enters fine setting rank
Section, until during angle of arrival setting value, sleeper cushion cap stops the rotation.
(3)Into load-on module, loading mode is selected(Static load pattern or dynamic load pattern), input load information, Ran Houdian
Hit " beginning/pause " button and start actuator, start to load to rail until terminating.
(4)Measured using above-mentioned measuring system, and recorded data.
(5)Change pressure value, continue to measure.
(6)Change sleeper cushion cap angle value, then repeat the above steps.
(7)It is measured.
Integration test is carried out for rail fastening using the present invention, measurement content includes rail level friction coefficient measurement, fastener
Drag measurement, bolt axial force measurement, the measurement of fastener stress state, buckle press measurement and the measurement of fastener embedded parts withdrawal resistance.Specifically
Measuring method is as follows:
Rail level friction coefficient measuring apparatus:Rail level rub measurement termination is selected into vertical actuator measurement termination.The measurement termination
The torque sensor at center is connected with computer, and torque information can be fed back to computer, and longitudinal actuator applies vertical to rail
Xiang Li, when displacement occurs in rail, circle wheel is rotated, and the ratio of torque value and circle wheel radius now is rail level friction force value.
Rail level friction force value divided by vertical the actuator size that is further applied load are rail level coefficient of friction.
Fastener resistance measurement apparatus:Fastener resistance test is according to specification under no-load operative condition《High-speed railway fastener system
System test method part 1:The measure of rail longitudinal resistance》Measure.Fastener resistance is tested in the case of having load action
Process is as follows:According to formula:Fastener resistance=rail is by drag overall value-rail level Resistance Value, because rail level Resistance Value is by above-mentioned rail
Measured during the friction coefficient measurement of face.Therefore only need to measure drag overall value again.According to fastener resistance specifications of surveys,
Displacement transducer is fixed on sleeper, and sensor is connected with rail, longitudinal actuator to rail apply pulling force until
Sliding occurs in rail or value of thrust exceeds 4 times of fastener performance, the relative displacement between displacement sensor rail and sleeper, position
Relative displacement and value of thrust are fed back to meeting in computer, computer by displacement sensor with the pulling force sensor in longitudinal actuator
Drag overall value, and meeting automatic running above-mentioned formula are automatically analyzed out, and then calculates rail when by multi-form load action
Fastener resistance.
Bolt axial force is measured:Referring to Fig. 1, usual rail 17 is to be fixed on by fastener 18 on sleeper, and fastener 18 is by spiral shell
Railway spike, spring, track gauge block, gauge apron, railway rail pad, plain washer, collets composition are revolved, is used when carrying out bolt axial force measurement
The bolt axial force measuring instrument arrived is bolt axial force tester, and this instrument utilizes ultrasonic wave principle, by measuring screw spike
Strain and then calculate bolt axial force;The stress state of fastener is mainly the stress distribution of spring, and this test content is by one
Three-dimensional optical strain measurement system is measured, and spring strain, the distribution of stress can be reflected on computers.
Withhold force measuring device:According to specification《High-speed railway fastener system test method part 2:Assemble buckle press
Determine》Measure.When buckle press is measured, displacement sensor rail vertical displacement is placed in four corner points of rail,
Then pulling force is applied to rail until railway rail pad can just be extracted out with vertical actuator, extracts out after railway rail pad, be offloaded to
Untill when vertical displacement average is zero, the value of thrust P of record now continues to be offloaded to 0.9P, then increases value of thrust to 1.1P,
Value of thrust P when displacement average is zero0Force value is as withheld, computer can calculate this value automatically.
Fastener embedded parts resistance to plucking force measuring device:According to specification《The part of high-speed railway fastener system test method the 7th:In advance
Embedded part pull-out bond test》Measure.Fastener embedded parts of the pre-plugged in concrete are applied using vertical actuator and hung down
To load, by after load holding capacity in process of the test and experiment between built-in fitting and concrete the state of joint determine it is pre-buried
The withdrawal resistance of part.This process needs to utilize actuator and load transducer equipment.
Present invention sleeper cushion cap applied widely, different by changing, it is adaptable to the fastener test of disposable type.
Many details are elaborated in superincumbent description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention, still the present invention can be with
It is different from other manner described here using other to implement, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention
In the case of do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by particular embodiments disclosed above.