CN1815172A - Friction-wear detecting apparatus - Google Patents
Friction-wear detecting apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1815172A CN1815172A CN 200610007870 CN200610007870A CN1815172A CN 1815172 A CN1815172 A CN 1815172A CN 200610007870 CN200610007870 CN 200610007870 CN 200610007870 A CN200610007870 A CN 200610007870A CN 1815172 A CN1815172 A CN 1815172A
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Abstract
Present invention relates to a frictional wear testing device. It features including two-dimensional force sensing detect part and rotary motion part, said force sensing detect part including one upper connection seat, one vertical sensor, one support seat, one horizon sensor, one pressure head, one motor, bracing frame, one transmission mechanism, one load turntable. Said invention can complete mechanical property testing for different kinds of fixation material combined with universal material testing machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rubbing wear device, particularly can be used with universal testing machine, solid material is carried out the friction-wear detecting apparatus of friction and wear behavior test about a kind of.
Background technology
The surface property of various solid materials (comprising skin hardness, resistance to marring, anti-wear performance etc.) is the key factor that influences overall performance and reliability, and the tiny flaw on surface can cause the intensity of solid material to descend significantly.For the requirement of security and reliability, must test the surperficial scratch resistance and the antiwear property of various solid materials.During friction and wear characteristic between test material, usually specimen to be placed on the friction wear testing machine and test, by friction factor and the situation of test back test specimen wearing and tearing and the degree of measuring in the test of wearing and tearing, solid material is evaluated, or the performance between the different solid materials is compared.
The friction wear testing machine of a lot of various models is arranged at present both at home and abroad, and performance respectively has characteristics.But the friction wear testing machine of most of model all is a separate equipment, is that all necessary outfit of drive unit, gearing and control device is complete, so the price comparison costliness.And present existing universal testing machine has the functions such as bending strength, tensile strength, compressive strength and stress-strain relation of test solid material, how finishing the friction and wear test of solid material on same universal testing machine, is research topic of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of anchor clamps dismounting on universal testing machine neatly that can be used as, and can cooperate the friction-wear detecting apparatus that solid material is carried out friction-wear test with universal testing machine.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of friction-wear detecting apparatus is characterized in that: it comprises the bidimensional power sensing detection part and the part that rotatablely moves; Described power sensing detection partly comprises: a upper connecting base, and it can be connected in the dop of universal testing machine; One vertical reference, it is connected the bottom of described upper connecting base; One lower connecting base, it is connected the bottom of described vertical reference; One supporting seat, it is connected in the described lower connecting base by straight pin; One horizon sensor, one end are connected in the circumferential wall of described supporting seat inner chamber; One pressure head, it is connected top of chamber in the described supporting seat by what slide rail and slide block slided, and is connected with the other end of described horizon sensor; The described part that rotatablely moves comprises: a base, and it can be connected on the pedestal of described universal testing machine; One bracing frame, it is connected on the described base; One motor, it is connected on the support frame as described above; One gear train, it is connected the output terminal of described motor; One load rotating disk, it is connected the output terminal of described gear train.
The present invention also comprises the to-and-fro movement part, and described to-and-fro movement partly comprises: a to-and-fro movement support plate, and it removably is connected the support frame as described above top; One sample stage, it is slidingly arranged on the described to-and-fro movement support plate; One connecting rod, one end are articulated on the described sample stage; One eccentric pin, its top is articulated in the other end of described connecting rod, and the bottom can be plugged in the eccentric orfice that is provided with on the described load rotating disk.
Be provided with snubber assembly at described detection transducing part, described snubber assembly comprises: on described supporting seat top, be provided with a setting nut, between described setting nut and described lower connecting base, a back-moving spring is set, connect by straight pin in the pin-and-hole of described supporting seat and described lower connecting base, the pin-and-hole on the described supporting seat is a slotted hole.
Be provided with snubber assembly at described detection transducing part, described snubber assembly comprises: with described pressure head separated into two parts, the briquetting on top is connected with described slide block, described horizon sensor is connected the sidepiece of described briquetting, the pressure head of bottom is connected described briquetting bottom by an elastic beam, described setting nut is arranged on the described supporting seat, and is tightened on described lower connecting base bottom.
The described bracing frame that rotatablely moves part is assembled by four flat boards, and wherein: first flat board links into an integrated entity by bolt and described base; Be provided with a regulating device between second flat board and first flat board, and link into an integrated entity by bolt; Locate by sleeve between the 3rd flat board and second flat board, and a side links into an integrated entity by bolt; Locate by sleeve between Siping City's plate and the 3rd flat board, and pass Siping City's plate by bolt, the sleeve between third and fourth flat board, the 3rd flat board, the sleeve between second and third flat board is fixed on second flat board.
Described motor is fixed on a side of the 3rd dull and stereotyped upper surface, the output shaft of described motor is between described second and third flat board, described gearing comprises: be connected the belt wheel on the described motor output shaft, the synchronous band that connects described belt wheel, be connected the belt wheel of the described synchronous band other end and be fixed on transmission shaft on this belt wheel, described transmission shaft is bearing on described the 3rd, Siping City's plate by bearing, and described load rotating disk is by being bolted to the top of described transmission shaft.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is a workbench with universal testing machine of the prior art, by the pressure on the universal testing machine apply, complete technological facilities such as data processing, manufacture and design the small-sized rubbing wear anchor clamps of a cover, focus on sensing detection, rotatablely move and to-and-fro movement three parts are worked hard, make the present invention pass through the combination of several sections, the function of friction and wear test is carried out in realization to solid material.Its cost performance height is that friction and wear test equipment is incomparable in the prior art.2, the vertical reference of sensing detection of the present invention part and horizon sensor combine with data acquisition system (DAS) on the universal testing machine, not only can obtain very accurate and reliable measurement data, and the friction factor variation figure in time in the test can be by the automatic record of the Control Software of universal testing machine.3, the part that rotatablely moves of the present invention only is with and transmission shaft synchronously by a driven by motor, just realized driving the load dial rotation that sample is installed, drive mechanism is very simple, realized the fixable function of scalable of supporting construction, make integral device simple and compact for structure, manufacturing, dismounting, transportation are very convenient.4, to-and-fro movement part-structure of the present invention is simpler, it can be installed and removed on the bracing frame of part that rotatablely moves easily, and it is reciprocating by the rotation drive sample of load rotating disk, thereby realize that the present invention both can carry out ball disc type friction-wear test, can carry out the effect of reciprocating type friction-wear test again.5, the present invention is provided with spring buffer structure or compensating squeeze head buffer structure in detecting transducing part, can prevent effectively because the impulsive force that the sample injustice causes protects the pressure transducer of this testing machine not to be damaged.6, reciprocating speed of the present invention and distance can be regulated by being arranged on the load rotating disk insertion position of eccentric orfice and eccentric pin.The present invention is simple in structure, and cost is low, and mounting or dismounting are convenient, measures accurately, and it can finish the Mechanics Performance Testing of various immobilization materials with universal testing machine, and needn't be equipped with other friction and wear test equipment more specially.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the part schematic top plan view that rotatablely moves of Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is a to-and-fro movement part-structure synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 3
Fig. 5 is another example structure synoptic diagram of sensing detection part of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the elevational schematic view of Fig. 5
Fig. 7 is the partial schematic sectional view of Fig. 5
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
Shown in Fig. 1～4, the present invention is the friction-wear detecting apparatus that is used with universal testing machine of the prior art, it comprises bidimensional power sensing detection part 10, the part that rotatablely moves 30 and to-and-fro movement part 60 3 part-structures, wherein the sensing detection part 10 and the part 30 that rotatablely moves are used with universal testing machine and can carry out ball disc type friction-wear test, and to-and-fro movement part 60 is connected with the part 30 that rotatablely moves can carry out reciprocating type friction-wear test.
As shown in Figure 1, sensing detection part 10 of the present invention comprises: a upper connecting base 11, and upper connecting base 11 is fixed in the dop on the universal testing machine crossbeam by the pin-and-hole on it 12, and by nut 13 lockings.Connect " S " type vertical reference 14 of a prior art by screw in the bottom of upper connecting base 11, the data output 15 of vertical reference 14 connects computing machine by data line.Bottom at vertical reference 14 connects a lower connecting base 16 by screw, on Connection Block 16, connect a supporting seat 18 by a straight pin 17, at supporting seat 18 lower lumen tops slide rail 19 and slide block 20 are set, slide rail 19 and slide block 20 can be on market bulk/volume buying.One pressure head 21 is fixedly connected on the slide block 20, " S " type horizon sensor 22 of one prior art is connected on the circumferential wall of supporting seat 18 lower lumen by screw, on pressure head 21, the data output of horizon sensor 22 connects computing machine by data line to the other end of horizon sensor 22 by screw retention.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the part 30 that rotatablely moves of the present invention comprises: a base 31, and the pin-and-hole 32 of base 31 can be fixed on the pedestal of universal testing machine by pin, and by nut 33 lockings.Base 31 is provided with a bracing frame, and bracing frame is assembled by polylith flat board 34,35,36,37.Dull and stereotyped 34 are fixed on the base 31 by bolt 38, an end of dull and stereotyped 34,35 is fixed a connection strap 39,40 respectively, be provided with one between two connection straps 39,40 and regulate bolt 41, be used to regulate the position between dull and stereotyped 34,35, after rotation adjusting bolt 41 makes flat board 35 with respect to dull and stereotyped 34 location, by bolt 42 flat board 34,35 is fixed together, the connecting hole of bolt 42 is a slotted hole on its middle plateform 35.Dull and stereotyped 36,37, respectively by sleeve 43,44 location, with bolt 45 pass dull and stereotyped 36 and sleeve 43 be tightened on dull and stereotyped 35, pass dull and stereotyped 37, sleeve 44, flat board 36 and sleeve 43 with bolt 46 and be tightened on the flat board 35.Above bolt and sleeve can be as required every kind be provided with a plurality of.On dull and stereotyped 36, fix a direct current motor 47, the output terminal of motor 47 is between dull and stereotyped 35,36, the output terminal of motor 47 connects a belt wheel 48, belt wheel 48 is with 49 to connect another belt wheel 50 by one synchronously, connect a transmission shaft 51 on the belt wheel 50, transmission shaft 51 is bearing on dull and stereotyped 36,37 by bearing, and the top of transmission shaft 51 connects a load rotating disk 52, in ball disc type friction-wear test, sample is placed on the load rotating disk 52.When motor 47 rotates, pass through the sample that transmission shaft 51 drives on the load rotating disks 52 with 49 synchronously, do spin friction wearing and tearing motion with respect to pressure head 21.
As Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, to-and-fro movement part 60 of the present invention comprises: a to-and-fro movement support plate 61, it is connected on the flat board 37 at bracing frame top by four bolts 62.Be provided with slide rail 63 and slide block 64 at support plate 61 tops, slide rail 63 and slide block 64 can completely be bought on market.Slide block 64 tops connect a sample stage 66 by screw 65, an end that protrudes out in sample stage 66 articulates a connecting rod 67, the other end of connecting rod 67 articulates an eccentric pin 68, and eccentric pin 68 can pass the through hole 69 that is provided with on the support plate 61, is plugged in the eccentric orfice 53 that is provided with on the load rotating disk 52.Eccentric orfice 53 can be provided with apart from different several in load rotating disk 52 centers, and different eccentric distances has determined the amplitude that moves back and forth of sample stage 66.In reciprocating type friction-wear test, sample is placed on the sample stage 66, when motor 47 drove 52 rotations of load rotating disk, the eccentric pin 68 that is inserted in load rotating disk 52 eccentric orfices 53 can be done reciprocating friction wearing and tearing motion with respect to pressure head 21 by the sample on the connecting rod 67 drive sample stage 66.
In the foregoing description, if detected material sample has rough surface, may produce pressure head 21 and impact, if all adopting, sensing detection part 10 is rigidly connected, percussive action can produce vertical reference 14 and destroy, and therefore should buffer structure be set in sensing detection part 10.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of buffer structure wherein comprises: in supporting seat 18 and the lower connecting base 16 corresponding pin-and-holes of offering, the pin-and-hole 23 of supporting seat 18 is split into slotted hole, and after straight pin 17 inserted both pin-and-holes of 16,18, supporting seat 18 can slightly move up and down relative to straight pin 17 like this.Simultaneously one setting nut 24 is set, a back-moving spring 25 is set between setting nut 24 and lower connecting base 16 on supporting seat 18 tops, by rotation setting nut 24 can reset spring 25 pretightning force.Like this, in process of the test, the elastic buffer by spring can effectively prevent because the impact that the sample injustice causes.
As Fig. 5, Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, be another kind of buffer structure, in this structure, supporting seat 18 is identical with the pin-and-hole of lower connecting base 16, straight pin 17 inserts corresponding pin-and-hole, and locks by the setting nut 24 on supporting seat 18 tops, makes supporting seat 18 and lower connecting base 16 connect into a firm integral body.Pressure head 21 separated into two parts in the present embodiment, top is briquetting 26, the bottom is a pressure head 21 ', the top of briquetting 26 connects slide block 20, the sidepiece of briquetting 26 is fixed on the horizon sensor 22 by screw 27, fix an elastic beam 28 with certain rigidity in the bottom of briquetting 26, on elastic beam 28, lock the afterbody of pressure heads 21 ' by nut 29.Like this, in process of the test, the elastic buffer by elastic beam 28 can effectively prevent because the impact that the sample injustice causes.
In the foregoing description, the structure of part that rotatablely moves 30 and to-and-fro movement part 60 can change, such as the composition of the support frame structure of the part 30 that rotatablely moves and gear train be connected, all can change.
When preparing friction-wear test, at first start and the supporting computing machine of universal testing machine, regulate universal testing machine crossbeam position by computer control, driving power sensing detection part 10 of the present invention moves up and down, specimen material on making pressure head 21 and being arranged on load rotating disk 52 contacts, and applies certain vertical load F
yStarter motor 47 then, by belt wheel 48, be with 49 synchronously, another belt wheel 50 and transmission shaft 51 drive load rotating disks 52 with certain rotating speed rotation, is rotated the rubbing wear exercise test.If make reciprocating friction wearing and tearing exercise test, then need support plate 61 is installed on dull and stereotyped 37 by bolt 62, and eccentric pin 68 is plugged in the eccentric orfice 53 of load rotating disk 52.Make load rotating disk 52 drive eccentric pin 68 and rotate, eccentric pin 68 drivening rods 67, the sample that connecting rod 67 drives on the sample stage 66 does reciprocating linear motion on slide rail 63.
In sample rotation or to-and-fro movement process, will produce horizontal friction force F
x, deliver in the computing machine by horizon sensor 22 detection signals and with signal; The vertical force F that applies in advance
yDetect and deliver in the computing machine by vertical reference 14.By computer software control, data processing, obtain F
x, F
yWith the function curve of fraction time, and coefficientoffriction=F
x/ F
yFunction curve in time.After the path that friction test has carried out setting, measure test front and back mass loss Δ W simultaneously, calculate rate of wear G=Δ W/F with Precision Electronics Balance
yL, wherein L is the total slip length of friction point.The friction factor curve display is come out, and then analyze the friction and wear characteristic of different materials.
Above-mentioned ball disc type friction-wear test and reciprocating type friction-wear test, can be as required or sample condition select wherein a kind of carrying out, or two kinds are all carried out.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of friction-wear detecting apparatus is characterized in that: it comprises the bidimensional power sensing detection part and the part that rotatablely moves;
Described power sensing detection partly comprises:
One upper connecting base, it can be connected in the dop of universal testing machine;
One vertical reference, it is connected the bottom of described upper connecting base,
One lower connecting base, it is connected the bottom of described vertical reference;
One supporting seat, it is connected in the described lower connecting base by straight pin;
One horizon sensor, one end are connected in the circumferential wall of described supporting seat inner chamber;
One pressure head, it is connected top of chamber in the described supporting seat by what slide rail and slide block slided, and is connected with the other end of described horizon sensor;
The described part that rotatablely moves comprises:
One base, it can be connected on the pedestal of described universal testing machine;
One bracing frame, it is connected on the described base;
One motor, it is connected on the support frame as described above;
One gear train, it is connected the output terminal of described motor;
One load rotating disk, it is connected the output terminal of described gear train.
2, a kind of friction-wear detecting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it also comprises the to-and-fro movement part, described to-and-fro movement partly comprises:
One to-and-fro movement support plate, it removably is connected the support frame as described above top;
One sample stage, it is slidingly arranged on the described to-and-fro movement support plate;
One connecting rod, one end are articulated on the described sample stage;
One eccentric pin, its top is articulated in the other end of described connecting rod, and the bottom can be plugged in the eccentric orfice that is provided with on the described load rotating disk.
3, a kind of friction-wear detecting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with snubber assembly at described detection transducing part, described snubber assembly comprises: on described supporting seat top, be provided with a setting nut, between described setting nut and described lower connecting base, a back-moving spring is set, connect by straight pin in the pin-and-hole of described supporting seat and described lower connecting base, the pin-and-hole on the described supporting seat is a slotted hole.
4, a kind of friction-wear detecting apparatus as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: be provided with snubber assembly at described detection transducing part, described snubber assembly comprises: on described supporting seat top, be provided with a setting nut, between described setting nut and described lower connecting base, a back-moving spring is set, connect by straight pin in the pin-and-hole of described supporting seat and described lower connecting base, the pin-and-hole on the described supporting seat is a slotted hole.
5, a kind of friction-wear detecting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with snubber assembly at described detection transducing part, described snubber assembly comprises: with described pressure head separated into two parts, the briquetting on top is connected with described slide block, described horizon sensor is connected the sidepiece of described briquetting, the pressure head of bottom is connected described briquetting bottom by an elastic beam, and described setting nut is arranged on the described supporting seat, and is tightened on described lower connecting base bottom.
6, a kind of friction-wear detecting apparatus as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: be provided with snubber assembly at described detection transducing part, described snubber assembly comprises: with described pressure head separated into two parts, the briquetting on top is connected with described slide block, described horizon sensor is connected the sidepiece of described briquetting, the pressure head of bottom is connected described briquetting bottom by an elastic beam, and described setting nut is arranged on the described supporting seat, and is tightened on described lower connecting base bottom.
7, as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 described a kind of friction-wear detecting apparatus, it is characterized in that: the described bracing frame that rotatablely moves part is assembled by four flat boards, wherein:
First flat board links into an integrated entity by bolt and described base;
Be provided with a regulating device between second flat board and first flat board, and link into an integrated entity by bolt;
Locate by sleeve between the 3rd flat board and second flat board, and a side links into an integrated entity by bolt;
Locate by sleeve between Siping City's plate and the 3rd flat board, and pass Siping City's plate by bolt, the sleeve between third and fourth flat board, the 3rd flat board, the sleeve between second and third flat board is fixed on second flat board.
8, as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 described a kind of friction-wear detecting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described motor is fixed on a side of the 3rd dull and stereotyped upper surface, the output shaft of described motor is positioned at described second, between three flat boards, described gearing comprises: be connected the belt wheel on the described motor output shaft, the synchronous band that connects described belt wheel, be connected the belt wheel of the described synchronous band other end and be fixed on transmission shaft on this belt wheel, described transmission shaft is bearing in the described the 3rd by bearing, on Siping City's plate, described load rotating disk is by being bolted to the top of described transmission shaft.
9, a kind of friction-wear detecting apparatus as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described motor is fixed on a side of the 3rd dull and stereotyped upper surface, the output shaft of described motor is between described second and third flat board, described gearing comprises: be connected the belt wheel on the described motor output shaft, the synchronous band that connects described belt wheel, be connected the belt wheel of the described synchronous band other end and be fixed on transmission shaft on this belt wheel, described transmission shaft is bearing on described the 3rd, Siping City's plate by bearing, and described load rotating disk is by being bolted to the top of described transmission shaft.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100078707A CN100478669C (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2006-02-21 | Friction-wear detecting apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100078707A CN100478669C (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2006-02-21 | Friction-wear detecting apparatus |
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|---|---|
| CN1815172A true CN1815172A (en) | 2006-08-09 |
| CN100478669C CN100478669C (en) | 2009-04-15 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100078707A Active CN100478669C (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2006-02-21 | Friction-wear detecting apparatus |
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| CN103163068A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-19 | 中国计量学院 | Measuring method and measuring device of dynamic friction characteristics on textile surface |
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