CN103712791B - A kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft - Google Patents
A kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN103712791B CN103712791B CN201310562451.XA CN201310562451A CN103712791B CN 103712791 B CN103712791 B CN 103712791B CN 201310562451 A CN201310562451 A CN 201310562451A CN 103712791 B CN103712791 B CN 103712791B
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Abstract
A kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft, on centre-height adjusting screw rod, centre-height adjusting screw rod is installed on casing, and box house is provided with butterfly spring, butterfly spring with force transducer be connected, force transducer is connected on the director element of power load-on module；Director element is connected with feed screw, and main shaft is provided with displacement measurement module, first regulation centre-height adjusting knob, connects main shaft and test equipment by connecting guide rod；After installation regulates displacement measurement module, displacement measurement module is accessed computer with power measurement module, opens test software；Subsequently, rotate main shaft, start power load-on module, the corresponding pressure load of power load-on module applying axial to main shaft, the pressure load of test software synchronization acquisition and recording applying and corresponding axial shift offset, program exports main shaft dynamic stiffness test result after processing data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical measurement technique field, survey particularly to a kind of axial dynamic stiffness of main shaft
Electricity testing device.
Background technology
Lathe is most important basis mechanized equipment and machine-tool in manufacturing industry, is that industry is modern
The foundation stone changed, is pillar indispensable in the national economic development.Spindle unit is the pass of lathe
Key member, the quality of its dynamic property will directly affect the final processing characteristics of lathe, main shaft
Operating accuracy and the vibration resistance of main shaft bearing component system are had the most notable by dynamic property
Impact.The primary evaluation index of dynamic characteristics of spindle system is exactly dynamic stiffness, and main shaft axial rigidity
Test main shaft dynamic stiffness test and dynamic characteristics of spindle system evaluate in significant, therefore to machine
The axial dynamic stiffness of bed axis system is tested accurately has very important realistic meaning.
But, at present major part is measured for main shaft axial rigidity and rest on static rigidity
In test, traditional main shaft static rigidity main method is to install axial force to load in main shaft side
Device, opposite side is installed amesdial and is measured corresponding axial displacement, then reads according to amesdial
Number and corresponding axial force utilize Rigidity Calculation formula (its
In: FaFor axial force, δaFor the axial displacement that axial force is corresponding) calculate Spindle Static rigidity；
The subject matter that the method exists is amesdial low precision, sensitivity is low, test job amount big,
Test result accuracy is poor.Occur in that novel axial force testing method is at main shaft one at present
Hold and apply axial force by hydraulic loading device, measure force size by force cell,
Displacement is measured by an eddy current displacement sensor, so between measured workpiece and force application apparatus
Afterwards according to the power applied and the Static stiffness recording displacement calculation main shaft, the shortcoming of the method is position
The installation situation of displacement sensor seriously governs the precision of measured displacement, then directly affects test
The accuracy of result and precision, and existing apparatus can not be simultaneously suitable for either in a horizontal or vertical two
Planting configuration state, the topmost problem of Spindle Static stiffness method is that Static stiffness cannot truly reflect simultaneously
Main shaft bears the ability of resistance to deformation, only dynamic stiffness under the conditions of chip-load when running up
The dynamic bearer properties of ability science reflection main shaft.
And existing dynamic stiffness method of testing exists various limitation, affect dynamic stiffness test and promote
Use.With dynamic stiffness test, Static stiffness differs primarily in that dynamic stiffness test process requires to load
Module and tested main shaft synchronous rotary, and load-on module to have good high stability and
Reliability, this is that major part Static stiffness test equipment cannot meet.Existing main shaft axially moves
Stiffness test method mainly has: hydraulic loaded formula measurement apparatus, and shortcoming is that structure is complicated, takies
Space is big；Electromagnetism loaded type measurement apparatus, shortcoming is that device is complicated, takes up room big, electromagnetism
Power controls difficulty, operation complexity；Air supporting loaded type measurement apparatus, shortcoming is air-bearing
Rigidity is less, and loading force is limited, and device takes up room greatly, easily loads biasing in loading procedure,
Bearing and main shaft is occurred to touch mill accident.
As can be seen here, the apparatus structure of the existing axial dynamic stiffness of measurement main shaft is complicated, control and
Difficulty of test is big, narrow application range, and measuring accuracy is low, along with main axial high speed, high-accuracy
Direction is developed, and traditional test device is difficult to meet the test of main shaft axial dynamic stiffness and main shaft is dynamic
Evaluating characteristics requirement.
Therefore, it is badly in need of inventing the test device of a kind of axial dynamic stiffness of novel main shaft, structure letter
Single, simple operation is practical, it is possible to be applicable to multiple main shaft type and mounting condition, controls difficulty
Low, measuring accuracy is high.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the apparatus structure complexity of the existing axial dynamic stiffness of test main shaft, control and survey
Examination difficulty is big, narrow application range, and the problem that measuring accuracy is low it is an object of the invention to provide
A kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft, it is possible to be applicable to multiple main shaft type and mounting bar
Part, simple in construction, simple operation is practical, controls difficulty low, and measuring accuracy is high.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft, loads including centre-height adjustment module, power
Module, displacement measurement module and hold-down support 12；
Described centre-height adjustment module includes centre-height adjusting screw rod 6, and centre-height is adjusted
Being provided with knob 6-1 on joint screw rod 6, centre-height adjusting screw rod 6 is by thrust ball bearing 17
Being installed on casing 6-2, casing 6-2 passes through the first locking nut 16 and the first fixed plate 14
Connecting, casing 6-2 is internally provided with butterfly spring 19, and butterfly spring 19 is T by cross section
The force transferring part 7-1 of type with force transducer 7 be connected, force transducer 7 be connected to power load mould
On the director element 7-2 of block；
Described power load-on module includes director element 7-2, director element 7-2 and feed screw
18 connect, and feed screw 18 is provided with speed reducing gear pair 9,10, and reduction gearing 9 connects
In DC speed-reducing 8, the end of feed screw 18 passes through fixed block and the second locking nut
27 are fixed in the second fixed plate 26, and the second fixed plate 26 is further fixed on hold-down support 12,
It is provided with pressing plate 11 on described hold-down support 12, hold-down support 12 is additionally provided with straight line
Guide rail 13, line slideway 13 is slidably connected with power load-on module；
The other end of described centre-height adjustment module casing 6-2 passes through self-aligning roller bearing 21
Connect with being connected guide rod 5, connect guide rod 5 and be connected with handle of a knife 4, handle of a knife 4 and main shaft 1 phase
Even；
Institute's displacement measurement module is arranged on main shaft 1, and displacement measurement module includes being installed on master
Magnetic stand 2 on axle, and it is installed on the laser displacement sensor 3 of main shaft 1 end face 20.
Described connection guide rod 5 its end face axial of main body is provided with screwed hole 22, connects guide rod 5
Body surfaces is provided with radial screw bore 23 and through hole 24.
It is provided with flexible member 25 between described connection guide rod 5 and handle of a knife 4.
Described hold-down support 12 is L-type.
It is a feature of the present invention that there is centre-height adjustment module, there is wider center high
Degree range of accommodation, it is possible to adapt to the main shaft test environment of multiple centre-height, installation and debugging are convenient；
It is furnished with the L-type hold-down support 12 of the pressing plate 11 of interchangeability, is applicable to vertical or horizontal etc.
The test of various working form；Be furnished with turn to, DC speed-reducing 8 that rotating speed is controlled, it is achieved
Pressure is uniform, the applying of constant speed；Multiple butterfly springs with the use of, it is ensured that pressure is executed
The stationarity added；The shift offset of laser displacement sensor test main shaft end face, effectively gets rid of
The inaccurate impact of displacement measurement that the factors such as broach force is not enough cause；Connect the regulation of mental activities at guide rod
Roller bearing is applied, and during effectively solving installation and debugging, main shaft to be tested is the most right with test device
In problem；The director element of pull pressure sensor junction, is prevented effectively from pressure and applied
The appearance of unbalance loading situation in journey, it is ensured that the precision of force cell；Software processing module can be real
Existing pressure load shows with the real-time curve of corresponding axial shift offset, visual and clear.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the installation diagram of the present invention.
Electronic controlled height adjustment schematic diagram centered by Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is power load-on module DC speed-reducing and drive gear members schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is power load-on module part-structure half sectional view.
Fig. 5 is displacement measurement module diagram.
Fig. 6 is self-aligning roller bearing rigging position schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 coordinates schematic diagram, Fig. 7 A to be to connect showing of guide rod 5 for connecting guide rod with rods
Being intended to, Fig. 7 bB is another structural representation connecting guide rod 5.
Fig. 8 is that the axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft is vertical with horizontal configuration figure, wherein Fig. 8 A
For vertical, Fig. 8 B is horizontal configuration figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further explained.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft, regulate mould including centre-height
Block, power load-on module, displacement measurement module and hold-down support 12；
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, described centre-height adjustment module includes centre-height
Adjusting screw rod 6, centre-height adjusting screw rod 6 is provided with knob 6-1, and centre-height regulates
Screw rod 6 is installed on casing 6-2 by thrust ball bearing 17, and casing 6-2 is by the first lock
Jack panel 16 is connected with the first fixed plate 14, and casing 6-2 is internally provided with butterfly spring 19,
Butterfly spring 19 by cross section be T-shaped force transferring part 7-1 with force transducer 7 be connected,
Force transducer 7 is connected on the director element 7-2 of power load-on module；
With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, described power load-on module includes director element 7-2, director element
7-2 is connected with feed screw 18, and feed screw 18 is provided with speed reducing gear pair 9,10,
Reduction gearing 9 is connected to DC speed-reducing 8, and the end of feed screw 18 passes through fixed block
And second locking nut 27 be fixed in the second fixed plate 26, the most solid in the second fixed plate 26
Surely there is hold-down support 12, described hold-down support 12 is provided with pressing plate 11, hold-down support
Being additionally provided with line slideway 13 on 12, line slideway 13 is slidably connected with power load-on module；In
When heart electronic controlled height adjustment uses, first loosening the first locking nut 16, then appropriateness rotates
Centre-height adjusting knob 6-1, has had the utilization of thrust ball bearing 17, can reduce power and load
Frictional resistance when module moves up and down, when the connection guide rod 5 of device is high with the alignment of shafts to be measured
When spending consistent, stop turn centre-height adjusting knob, screw locking nut.
Fig. 1, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the other end of described centre-height adjustment module casing 6-2 passes through
Self-aligning roller bearing 21 connects with being connected guide rod 5, connects guide rod 5 and is connected with power load-on module
Place, equipped with self-aligning roller bearing 21, mainly solves installing the axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft
Time, the problem that device and main shaft misalign, on the premise of ensureing measuring accuracy, reduce peace
Debug the requirement of examination.Connecting guide rod 5 to be connected with handle of a knife 4, handle of a knife 4 is connected with main shaft 1,
Being provided with displacement measurement module on main shaft 1, displacement measurement module includes the magnetic being installed on main shaft
Power gauge stand 2, and it is installed on the laser displacement sensor 3 of main shaft end face 20.Needs applying is drawn
During pressure, first to the rotating speed of DC speed-reducing 8, turn to, the parameter such as the scope that exerts a force is entered
Row is arranged, and is then turned on motor, and DC speed-reducing 8 drives speed reducing gear pair 9,10 to rotate,
Feed screw 18 rotates with, subsequently by the transmission of each parts such as force transducer 7 in Fig. 4
The pressure applied passes to butterfly spring 19, and whole power load-on module is at line slideway
13(Fig. 1) guiding lower slider, the power of applying is passed to main shaft to be measured.Work as force transducer
After detecting that applied power is beyond the force scope arranged, motor reversal, according to same side
Formula applies reciprocal power, when, after the maximum, force that power reaches set, motor reversal is until power passes
Sensor back to zero.It addition, by controlling software, can be for the applying order of pressure, applying time
Number, rotating speed etc. are configured.
Connection guide rod is with there being two ways when main shaft connects, a kind of as shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 A,
Described connection guide rod 5 its end face axial of main body is provided with screwed hole 22, connects guide rod 5 main
Surface is provided with radial screw bore 23 and through hole 24.Connect guide rod 5 and flatted handle of a knife 4
After connecting, it is connected into bolt hole 23 with bolt and completes to be locked.
When in Fig. 7, connection guide rod is connected with other types handle of a knife, because handle of a knife does not has bolt hole fixed
Position, can use the mode shown in Fig. 7 B, arranges between described connection guide rod 5 and handle of a knife 4
There is flexible member 25.Rods one end is threaded, and can screw in the screw thread connected on guide rod 5
Hole 22, the other end is then attached with handle of a knife.Through hole 24 rotates in screwing process
Tool wrench is inserted when connecting guide rod 5.
Described hold-down support 12 is L-type.4 the pressing plate tools being connected with hold-down support 8
There is interchangeability, the most only need to install two, with reference to Fig. 8, so that it may realize main shaft and axially move
The use that device for testing stiffness is vertical Yu horizontal, to be applicable to multiple different test condition.
Seeing Fig. 1, Fig. 6, the operation principle of the present invention is: the axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft 1
To install and use step as follows, first, select the axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft according to operating mode
Vertical or horizontal mounting means, then installs and fixing according to above-mentioned selection, and 12 connect
Pressing plate 11, the axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of fixed main shaft 1；According to alignment of shafts position,
Adjusting means centre-height adjustment module, is connected fixing by connection guide rod 5 with main shaft 1 handle of a knife 4
Locking；Installation and debugging displacement measurement module, by force transducer 7 with laser displacement sensor 3 even
Enter computer, open test software, motor rotation parameter, measurement condition etc. are configured, rotation
Turn main shaft, the DC speed-reducing of opening force load-on module, automatically main shaft is carried out pressure
Apply；Test software real time record display applies the shift offset that tension and compression force value is corresponding；
Applying after pressure completes, data are processed by software, show actual axial of now main shaft
Dynamic stiffness result also draws dynamic stiffness curve；After preserving data and result, complete test complete
Process.
Claims (4)
1. the axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft, including centre-height adjustment module, power load-on module, position
Shift measurement module and hold-down support (12), it is characterised in that
Described centre-height adjustment module includes centre-height adjusting screw rod (6), centre-height adjusting screw rod
(6) being provided with knob (6-1) on, centre-height adjusting screw rod (6) is pacified by thrust ball bearing (17)
Being loaded on casing (6-2), casing (6-2) is by the first locking nut (16) and the first fixed plate (14)
Connecting, casing (6-2) is internally provided with butterfly spring (19), and butterfly spring (19) is T by cross section
The force transferring part (7-1) of type with force transducer (7) be connected, force transducer (7) be connected to power load mould
On the director element (7-2) of block；
Described power load-on module includes director element (7-2), director element (7-2) and feed screw (18)
Connecting, feed screw (18) is provided with speed reducing gear pair, described speed reducing gear pair is by the first reduction gearing (9)
Forming with the second reduction gearing (10), described first reduction gearing (9) is connected to DC speed-reducing (8),
The end of feed screw (18) is fixed on the second fixed plate (26) by fixed block and the second locking nut (27)
On, the second fixed plate (26) is further fixed on hold-down support (12), described hold-down support (12) is upper to be arranged
Have pressing plate (11), hold-down support (12) be additionally provided with line slideway (13), line slideway (13) with
Power load-on module is slidably connected；
The other end of described centre-height adjustment module casing (6-2) passes through self-aligning roller bearing (21) and is connected
Guide rod (5) connects, and connects guide rod (5) and is connected with handle of a knife (4), handle of a knife (4) and main shaft (1) phase
Even；
Described displacement measurement module is arranged on main shaft (1), and displacement measurement module includes being installed on main shaft
Magnetic stand (2), and be installed on the laser displacement sensor (3) of main shaft (1) end face (20),
The shift offset of described laser displacement sensor test main shaft end face, effectively gets rid of caused by broach force deficiency
The inaccurate impact of displacement measurement.
A kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Its end face axial of connection guide rod (5) main body be provided with screwed hole (22), connect guide rod 5 body surfaces and set
It is equipped with radial screw bore (23) and through hole (24).
A kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Connection guide rod (5) and handle of a knife (4) between be provided with flexible member (25).
A kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Hold-down support (12) be L-type.
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| CN201310562451.XA CN103712791B (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2013-11-12 | A kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft |
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| CN201310562451.XA CN103712791B (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2013-11-12 | A kind of axial device for testing dynamic stiffness of main shaft |
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| CN103712791A CN103712791A (en) | 2014-04-09 |
| CN103712791B true CN103712791B (en) | 2016-11-02 |
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