A kind of multistage adjustable drop height type fire grate of forwards waste incinerator
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fire grate of the waste incinerator, particularly forwards waste incinerator of the wastes such as processing house refuse.
Background technology
National about 2518.4 hundred million yuan of application of city life garbage harmless treatment Facilities Construction gross investment during " 13 ".It is big-and-middle
Type city will give priority to domestic garbage burning electricity generation technology, encourage region Joint construction and sharing burning disposal facility, by 2020,
Incineration treatment of garbage rate reaches 40%." reinforcing innovation is led " is proposed in " 13 " planning, Prediction for Solid Waste Treatment Technology is received
Enter national relevant technical supporting plan, strengthen utilizing garbage as resource, accelerate the research of key technique and standard, accelerate life
Technology of garbage disposal innovation living, demonstration and popularization and application, organize and implement key technology and are researched and developed with equipment and critical equipment industrialization
Demonstration project.Waste incineration be realize garbage decrement, one of innoxious and recycling treatment main path, rubbish is by existing
The burning disposal of generationization, volume can typically reduce 80%-90%, can also realize the utilization of recycling.
Use more ripe mechanical garbage incinerator more existing waste incineration, be mainly divided to two kinds of forwards and backstepping, stove
Row mainly includes:Forwards reciprocal grate, backstepping reciprocal grate, two-period form reciprocal grate etc..
Fig. 1 show a kind of waste incinerator of use forwards reciprocal grate, and fire grate constitutes the stove for burning away the refuse
Bed, siege is longitudinally divided into 5 burning units, each burning along dryer section, burning zone and after-flame section, the overall edge of fire grate is longitudinally divided into
Unit is made up of multiple slip fire grate segments, travelling grate piece and fixed grate film.Rubbish pours into waste incinerator from charging aperture, leads to
Cross feed fire grate effect rubbish and enter burning in incinerator, the rubbish by dryer section, burning zone, after-flame section has burnt
Into about 23% clinker enters mucking machine, and slag storehouse is pushed into by mucking machine.Above-mentioned waste incinerator exists following in actual applications
Defect:
1) due to using travelling grate design, being driven by an eccentric shaft, often axle problem being altered, so as to cause driving
Axle fracture, travelling grate piece and adjacent fixed grate film quick abrasion, support wheel be hit power greatly often damage, the frequent oil leak of oil cylinder
The problems such as.
2) because the bed of material is thicker, small upset is more difficult fully to realize rubbish upset, broken effect.
3) always interior thickness is big in bed of material distribution for prior art, and both sides thickness is small, and bed of material skewness is also made simultaneously
Penetrate a wind resistance difference of rubbish into First air, it is bad that the inequality of dispensing and air distribution directly results in burning effect.
4) existing fire grate technology, no matter forwards or backstepping, generally existing fire grate segment serious wear, 3-5 need all more
The problem of changing, replacement cost is very high.
5) prior art directly introduces western countries' technology mostly, and the regulating measure of fire grate is single, it is impossible to according to calorific value
Change and adjust the means of operation, cause the effect of waste incineration poor.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention:In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of fire grate of forwards waste incinerator, improving
The burn-off rate of waste incineration, improves the service life of fire grate.
Technical scheme:A kind of multistage adjustable drop height type fire grate of forwards waste incinerator, the fire grate is along the rubbish side of movement
Drop structure is connected with to being divided between multiple cellular constructions, the adjacent cellular construction;Each cellular construction is by extremely
Few two-stage slipping mechanism composition, the slipping mechanism includes sliding fire grate segment, fixed grate film A, travelling carriage, the slip fire grate
Piece is stacked in the both sides up and down of the fixed grate film A, and the travelling carriage is connected with two fire grate segments that slide, driven described
Slide fire grate segment to translate relative to the fixed grate film A, connected between the adjacent slipping mechanism by fixed grate film B
Connect.
Further, the travelling carriage includes mobility framework, connecting rod, drive shaft, oil cylinder, the two ends point of the mobility framework
It is not connected, is connected between the drive shaft and the mobility framework by the connecting rod with two fire grate segments that slide, it is described
Drive shaft passes through the hydraulic oil cylinder driving.
Optimal, a drive shaft is driven by two oil cylinder correspondences.
Further, the drop structure is the strip cylinder with certain altitude of refractory material laying.
Further, along rubbish moving direction, the height of the drop structure is reduced step by step, and the height of the first order is
900-1200mm, the height of rank is 600-850mm backward.Drop structure plays a part of loose crushing, the first order to rubbish
Drop structure is in feed fire grate to the junction for burning fire grate, and the rubbish bed of material is thicker, and larger drop is conducive to rubbish abundant
Loosely, second level drop structure is arranged between dryer section and burning zone, and third level drop structure is arranged in burning zone, the bed of material
Thinned, drop structure height is corresponding to be reduced.
Further, between the slip fire grate segment and the fixed grate film A, slip fire grate segment and the fixation
Shoe is provided between fire grate segment B, between the slip fire grate segment and the drop structure, is offered on the shoe
Air vent.
Wherein, cooling wind passage is formed between the drop structure and the shoe.
Further, the shoe is the strip piece that section is horizontal L-type, the part above the shoe
Its lower surface opens up fluted, and its upper surface of the part below the shoe is provided with step, and the shoe is at it
Horizontal edge upper surface is close to its corner provided with projection, and the vertical edge length of the shoe is more than the shoulder height, described anti-
Mill apparatus is erected on the step, the horizontal edge two ends of the shoe be embedded in the groove and it is described it is raised with it is described
Groove is contradicted, and the vertical edge lower end of the shoe falls within its upper surface of part below the shoe.
Further, it is correspondingly arranged on below each cellular construction in an air compartment, the air compartment and is provided with dividing plate, will
The air compartment is divided into left and right two parts, and the air compartment is equipped with frequency conversion fan from the left and right sides.
Further, First air air vent is further opened with the fixed grate film A of slipping mechanism described in the first order, kept away
Exempt from rubbish to fall into, also function to effective air feed effect.
Beneficial effect:Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the invention that:
1st, can flexible modulation fire grate speed so that operations staff can active control rubbish translational speed, combustion process is all the time
It is controlled;
2nd, the problem of design of fire grate piece-wise step efficiently solves rubbish loose crushing and bed of material secondary distribution, rubbish cloth
Uniformly, it is ensured that burning is abundant;
3rd, frequency conversion fan, a point storehouse air distribution have reached optimization air distribution, the effect of flexible modulation, realize fire grate air distribution according to rubbish
The diversity of rubbish calorific value and flexibly feed, be conducive to burning abundant;
4th, structure between rational fire grate segment, improves its service life, operate steadily, impact it is small, it is ensured that fire grate is complete
Cycle safe operation;
5th, fire grate structure has being substituted for each other property, it is ensured that equipment reliability of operation, extends the equipment cycle of operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fire grate structure schematic diagram that background technology is introduced;
Fig. 2 is fire grate end face structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of shoe;
A kind of concrete structure layout that Fig. 4 applies for the multistage adjustable drop height type fire grate of the present invention on forwards waste incinerator
Citing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate
The present invention rather than limitation the scope of the present invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are each to the present invention's
The modification for planting the equivalent form of value falls within the application appended claims limited range.
A kind of multistage adjustable drop height type fire grate of forwards waste incinerator, as shown in Figure 2, fire grate are integrally moved along rubbish
Direction, which is divided between multiple cellular constructions, adjacent cellular construction, is connected with drop structure 1.
Each cellular construction is made up of at least two-stage slipping mechanism, and slipping mechanism includes sliding fire grate segment 2, fixed grate film
A3, travelling carriage 4, travelling carriage 4 include mobility framework 41, connecting rod 42, drive shaft 43, oil cylinder 44, slide fire grate segment 2 and are stacked in fixation
Fire grate segment A3 both sides up and down, the bottom surface of the two ends of mobility framework 41 respectively with upper strata, the slip fire grate segment 2 of lower floor is connected, and is driven
Connected between moving axis 43 and mobility framework 41 by connecting rod 42, drive shaft 43 is driven by oil cylinder 44.The drivening rod of drive shaft 43
42 swing in a direction indicated by the arrow, so as to drive mobility framework 41 to move, make slip fire grate segment 2 flat relative to fixed grate film A3
Shifting movement, sliding fire grate segment 2 is used for transverse shifting rubbish.Connected between adjacent slipping mechanism by fixed grate film B5, i.e.,
The lower surface that fire grate segment slides in the lower floor of upper level slipping mechanism is connected with fixed grate film B5 upper surface, fixed grate film B5
The upper strata of lower surface and next stage slipping mechanism slide the upper surface of fire grate segment and be connected.
In same cellular construction, the fixed grate film A and fixed grate film A in rank backward in first order slipping mechanism
Structure is different.First, height is different, and the fixed grate film A in first order slipping mechanism is highly big, about 250-300mm,
Certain height fall is formed, plays a part of certain loose crushing to rubbish;Secondly, structure is different, first order sliding plane
Fixed grate film A front ends in structure are set to inclined-plane, and rubbish transition is conveyed, while offering First air ventilation on the inclined-plane
Hole, it is to avoid rubbish is fallen into, also functions to effective air feed effect.
One travelling carriage is by setting a drive shaft, two oil cylinder correspondences to drive, the slip on so each travelling carriage
Translational speed, the travel frequency of fire grate segment can individually regulate and control, and the scope of application of fire grate is very wide, be particularly suitable for use in Chinese rubbish regardless of
The characteristics of class, and during any oil cylinder of on-bne repair, do not influence fire grate and incinerator complete machine to run.
The bearing used in slipping mechanism, using the non-maintaining sliding bearing of the oil-free of corrosion-and high-temp-resistant, for fire grate institute
The hot environment at place, can accomplish Life cycle without oiling, without changing.
Drop structure 1 be with high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, shock resistance, wear-resisting refractory material laying have certain altitude
Strip cylinder, is connected between adjacent cellular construction.Drop structure plays a part of loose crushing to rubbish, is moved along rubbish
Direction, the height of drop structure is differed, and is reduced step by step, plays a part of loose crushing, usual first order drop knot to rubbish
Structure is arranged at feed fire grate to the junction for burning fire grate, is highly 900-1200mm because the rubbish bed of material is thicker, larger
Drop is conducive to rubbish fully loose, and second level drop structure is arranged between the dryer section and burning zone for burning fire grate, height
For 600-850mm, third level drop structure is arranged in the burning zone for burning fire grate, is highly 600-850mm, the bed of material has subtracted
Thin, drop structure height is corresponding to be reduced.
Slide between fire grate segment 2 and fixed grate film A3, slide between fire grate segment 2 and fixed grate film B5, slide fire grate
Shoe 6 is provided between piece 2 and drop structure 1.As shown in Figure 3, shoe 6 is the bar shaped that section is transverse direction L types
Part, offers air vent 61 thereon, and in the part of the top of shoe 6, its lower surface opens up fluted 7, under shoe 6
Its upper surface of part of side is provided with step 8, and shoe 6 is in its horizontal edge upper surface close to its corner provided with projection 62, abrasionproof
The vertical edge length of device 6 is more than the height of step 8, and shoe 6 is erected on step 8, and the horizontal edge two ends of shoe 6 are embedded at
In groove 7 and projection 62 is contradicted with the surface of groove 7, the vertical edge lower end of shoe 6 falls within part below shoe thereon
Surface.It can be seen that, shoe forms flexible connection, using the turning of step as support, when sliding fire grate segment movement, abrasionproof dress
Putting to fluctuate, and is fallen with its gravity sag, make the vertical edge lower end of shoe all the time with the portion below shoe
Its upper surface of part, plays sealing function, and friction is produced with adjacent functional component when effectively prevent slip fire grate segment movement
Abrasion, improves part service life.
It is both the slip fire grate segment relative to stationary furnace for sliding the shoe between fire grate segment 2 and drop structure 1
The supporting plate of screening A movements, is the support that drop structure is built by laying bricks or stones again, and the sky formed between drop structure and shoe
Gap is also as cooling wind passage.
It is correspondingly arranged on below each cellular construction in an air compartment 9, each air compartment 9 and is provided with dividing plate, air compartment is divided into a left side
Right two parts, each air compartment is equipped with frequency conversion fan 10 from the left and right sides, prevents left and right string wind, even if any fan trouble,
Fire grate and incinerator complete machine is not influenceed to run.
Fig. 4 is for example, one kind for being applied on forwards waste incinerator of the multistage adjustable drop height type fire grate of the present invention is specific
Topology layout.Drop structure is provided with three, burns fire grate and is made up of four cellular constructions, first order drop structure falls with the second level
It is first module structure between poor structure, is second unit structure between second level drop structure and third level drop structure, the
It is sequentially provided with after three-level drop structure before third unit structure, the 4th cellular construction, first order drop structure as feed stove
Row, the height of first order drop structure is 1200mm, and the height of second level drop structure is 800mm, third level drop structure
Highly it is 600mm.The first air compartment is correspondingly arranged to the 4th air compartment below first module structure to the 4th cellular construction, each air compartment
Individually it is equipped with blower fan.
The multistage adjustable drop height type fire grate of the present invention is applied to incinerator, and regulating measure is various, and service life is longer, fault rate
It is lower, safeguard more convenient, refuse thermal value adaptability is wider, burn more abundant, be more suitable for life in China rubbish feature.