CN107118803A - 一种家用型生物质气化炉 - Google Patents

一种家用型生物质气化炉 Download PDF

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CN107118803A
CN107118803A CN201710455468.3A CN201710455468A CN107118803A CN 107118803 A CN107118803 A CN 107118803A CN 201710455468 A CN201710455468 A CN 201710455468A CN 107118803 A CN107118803 A CN 107118803A
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furnace body
air
feed system
air feed
biomass gasifier
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张坤
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/725—Redox processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/80—Other features with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种家用型生物质气化炉，包括炉本体、进料口、进风口、燃气出口以及出灰室，进料口设在炉本体顶部，进风口设在炉本体下端侧壁上，燃气出口设在炉本体上端侧壁上，出灰室位于炉本体的底部，进风口通过鼓风机送风，其特征在于，出灰室上端的炉膛内部设有供风系统，所述供风系统的风道截面为山字型，且供风系统的每个纵向风道上均开有横向送风孔；炉本体外部的水箱将水通过连通管进入设置在供风系统上端的水套内，水套的上下端均连接有过热环，过热环上设有水蒸气喷嘴。本发明可提高产出气体的品质，降低有害物质的排放量，实现再生能源的充分利用。

Description

一种家用型生物质气化炉
技术领域
本发明涉及一种气化炉，具体涉及一种家用型生物质气化炉，属于节能环保设备技术领域。
背景技术
生物质气化炉是通过热解反应将气化炉内的棉杆、稻壳、锯末、玉米芯等生物质转化为可燃气体。气化炉一般分为上吸式、下吸式和横吸式。家用型的气化炉大多采用上吸式，其结构简单、经济实用、维护方便。但是现有的家用型上吸式气化炉存在可燃气体成分低、焦油和灰尘含量高、热值偏低等不足，从而造成能源利用率低、有害物质排放量高。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，现提供一种家用型生物质气化炉，提高产出气体的品质，降低有害物质的排放量，实现再生能源的充分利用。
为实现上述目的，本家用型生物质气化炉，包括炉本体、进料口、进风口、燃气出口以及出灰室，进料口设在炉本体顶部，进风口设在炉本体下端侧壁上，燃气出口设在炉本体上端侧壁上，出灰室位于炉本体的底部，进风口通过鼓风机送风，出灰室上端的炉膛内部设有供风系统，所述供风系统的风道截面为山字型，且供风系统的每个纵向风道上均开有横向送风孔；炉本体外部的水箱将水通过连通管进入设置在供风系统上端的水套内，水套的上下端均连接有过热环，过热环上设有水蒸气喷嘴。
进一步的，炉本体内的氧化区域和还原区域均设有水蒸气喷嘴。
进一步的，蒸汽管路上设有阀门。
进一步的，供风系统中纵向风道上的送风孔面积之和小于送风口的截面积。
进一步的，炉本体内具有保温层。
进一步的，所述鼓风机上设有风机调速装置。
本发明采用山字型多道供风系统，可以实现躲到纵向供风和横向供风，从而有效保证气化剂和物料能够均匀接触，气化反应充分，气化炉内氧化区气化剂流苏不会减弱，从而实现氧化区反应的稳定运行；该系统还能充当炉栅使用，使气化反应区供风均匀，大幅度提高气化强度和气化效率；外部水箱的水进入水套后呗氧化区的高温加热成水蒸气，高温水蒸气进入过热环后继续升温最后由蒸汽喷嘴进入气化炉内参入气化反应，由于有充足的水蒸气参与氧化还原反应，因此减少了空气的消耗量，可以产生更多的氢气以及碳氢化合物，大大提高产生燃气的品质以及减少有害气体的排放；蒸汽管路上的阀门用于调节蒸汽量；鼓风机上的调速装置用于调节进风量。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1所示，一种家用型生物质气化炉，包括炉本体1、进料口2、进风口3、燃气出口4以及出灰室5，进料口2设在炉本体1顶部，进风口3设在炉本体1下端侧壁上，燃气出口4设在炉本体1上端侧壁上，出灰室5位于炉本体1的底部，进风口3通过鼓风机6送风，出灰室5上端的炉膛内部设有供风系统7，所述供风系统7的风道截面为山字型，且供风系统7的每个纵向风道上均开有横向送风孔；炉本体外部的水箱将水通过连通管进入设置在供风系统上端的水套8内，水套8的上下端均连接有过热环9，过热环9上设有水蒸气喷嘴10。
进一步的，炉本体内的氧化区域和还原区域均设有水蒸气喷嘴10。
进一步的，蒸汽管路上设有阀门11。
进一步的，供风系统7中纵向风道上的送风孔面积之和小于送风口的截面积。
进一步的，炉本体1内具有保温层12。
进一步的，所述鼓风机6上设有风机调速装置。
本发明采用山字型多道供风系统，可以实现躲到纵向供风和横向供风，从而有效保证气化剂和物料能够均匀接触，气化反应充分，气化炉内氧化区气化剂流苏不会减弱，从而实现氧化区反应的稳定运行；该系统还能充当炉栅使用，使气化反应区供风均匀，大幅度提高气化强度和气化效率；外部水箱的水进入水套后呗氧化区的高温加热成水蒸气，高温水蒸气进入过热环后继续升温最后由蒸汽喷嘴进入气化炉内参入气化反应，由于有充足的水蒸气参与氧化还原反应，因此减少了空气的消耗量，可以产生更多的氢气以及碳氢化合物，大大提高产生燃气的品质以及减少有害气体的排放；蒸汽管路上的阀门用于调节蒸汽量；鼓风机上的调速装置用于调节进风量。

Claims (7)

1.一种家用型生物质气化炉，包括炉本体(1)、进料口(2)、进风口(3)、燃气出口(4)以及出灰室(5)，进料口(2)设在炉本体(1)顶部，进风口(3)设在炉本体(1)下端侧壁上，燃气出口(4)设在炉本体(1)上端侧壁上，出灰室(5)位于炉本体(1)的底部，进风口(3)通过鼓风机(6)送风，其特征在于，出灰室(5)上端的炉膛内部设有供风系统(7)，所述供风系统(7)的风道截面为山字型，且供风系统(7)的每个纵向风道上均开有横向送风孔；炉本体外部的水箱将水通过连通管进入设置在供风系统上端的水套(8)内，水套(8)的上下端均连接有过热环(9)，过热环(9)上设有水蒸气喷嘴(10)。
2.如权利要求1所述的家用型生物质气化炉，其特征在于，炉本体内的氧化区域和还原区域均设有水蒸气喷嘴(10)。
3.如权利要求2所述的家用型生物质气化炉，其特征在于，蒸汽管路上设有阀门(11)。
4.如权利要求3所述的家用型生物质气化炉，其特征在于，供风系统(7)中纵向风道上的送风孔面积之和小于送风口的截面积。
5.如权利要求4所述的家用型生物质气化炉，其特征在于，炉本体(1)内具有保温层(12)。
6.如权利要求5所述的家用型生物质气化炉，其特征在于，所述鼓风机(6)上设有风机调速装置。
7.如权利要求1至6任一权利要求所述的家用型生物质气化炉，其特征在于，所述进料口(2)为水封加料口。
CN201710455468.3A 2017-06-16 2017-06-16 一种家用型生物质气化炉 Pending CN107118803A (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN200968627Y (zh) * 2006-10-11 2007-10-31 刘春生 家用上吸式生物质气化炉
CN201014511Y (zh) * 2006-12-26 2008-01-30 石河子大学 户用型生物质气化炉
CN201272774Y (zh) * 2008-08-25 2009-07-15 刘春生 以氧气和水蒸气作为气化剂制取中热值的小型生物质气化炉
CN201620147U (zh) * 2009-05-15 2010-11-03 重庆理工大学 生物质气化炉混合气化剂发生器

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN200968627Y (zh) * 2006-10-11 2007-10-31 刘春生 家用上吸式生物质气化炉
CN201014511Y (zh) * 2006-12-26 2008-01-30 石河子大学 户用型生物质气化炉
CN201272774Y (zh) * 2008-08-25 2009-07-15 刘春生 以氧气和水蒸气作为气化剂制取中热值的小型生物质气化炉
CN201620147U (zh) * 2009-05-15 2010-11-03 重庆理工大学 生物质气化炉混合气化剂发生器

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Application publication date: 20170901