CN107118733A - 一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107118733A
CN107118733A CN201710318070.5A CN201710318070A CN107118733A CN 107118733 A CN107118733 A CN 107118733A CN 201710318070 A CN201710318070 A CN 201710318070A CN 107118733 A CN107118733 A CN 107118733A
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卢齐元
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其原料按重量份包括：4,4’‑二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯50‑60份、聚合物多元醇250‑400份、松香树脂20‑40份、聚乙烯醇5‑10份、戊二醛3‑5份、交联剂5‑15份、炭黑1‑2份、氧化镁5‑8份、硅烷偶联剂2‑3份、促进剂3‑8份、助溶剂5‑15份；本发明还公开了一种本发明纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶的制备方法。本发明提高了电缆用防水胶与电缆料的粘合力和电缆的密封防水性能，满足了纵向水密电缆对密封胶的性能要求。

Description

一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆防水胶密封胶技术领域，尤其涉及一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
纵向水密电缆具有纵向阻水功能，阻水功能的实现通过填胶处理，因此电缆阻水胶是决定电缆能否实现阻水的关键条件之一，胶水的特点及工艺决定了纵向水密电缆阻水性能和使用。目前防水胶以热熔胶为主，但是热熔型胶容易出现导体粘接在一起不能产生相对滑动现象，也使导体断裂现象，严重影响了水密电缆的防水性能和使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶及其制备方法，提高了电缆用防水胶与电缆料的粘合力和电缆的密封防水性能，满足了纵向水密电缆对密封胶的性能要求。
本发明提出的一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其原料按重量份包括：4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯50-60份、聚合物多元醇250-400份、松香树脂20-40份、聚乙烯醇5-10份、戊二醛3-5份、交联剂5-15份、炭黑1-2份、氧化镁5-8份、硅烷偶联剂2-3份、促进剂3-8份、助溶剂5-15份。
优选地，聚合物多元醇为聚酯多元醇和/或聚醚多元醇。
优选地，交联剂为辛基酚醛硫化树脂、溴化辛基酚醛树脂、对叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂中的一种或两种以上混合物。
优选地，促进剂为三羟甲基丙烷或聚氧化丙烯三醇；优选地，促进剂为三羟甲基丙烷。
优选地，助溶剂为乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的混合物；优选地，乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的重量比为1：2：1。
优选地，其原料按重量份包括：4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯52-58份、聚合物多元醇300-380份、松香树脂25-35份、聚乙烯醇6-8份、戊二醛3.5-4.5份、交联剂8-12份、炭黑1.2-1.8份、氧化镁6-7份、硅烷偶联剂2.2-2.8份、促进剂4-7份、助溶剂8-12份。
本发明提出了一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、按配比将4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚合物多元醇混合混匀，升温至70-90℃进行预聚反应得到预聚体；
S2、将聚乙烯醇、戊二醛、松香树脂、交联剂混合均匀，加热至80-90℃下，保温1-2h，加入炭黑、氧化镁得到混合物料；
S3、向混合物料中加入改性氯丁橡胶、硅烷偶联剂、促进剂、助溶剂，混炼，脱气得到纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶。
优选地，S3中，混炼温度为100-120℃。
本发明4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚合物多元醇反应得到预聚体，4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯具有较大的空间体积和阻燃元素，在提高防水性的同时，提高了阻燃性能，配合加入松香树脂，进一步提高了防水性能；戊二醛和聚乙烯醇协同作用，与树脂组分具有很好的相容性，交联形成三维网络结构，很大程度提高了制品的密度，进而提高密封防水性能；炭黑、氧化镁与交联剂配合形成补强交联体系，与电缆料具有良好的相容性，提高了胶体与电缆料的粘合力，大幅提高了制品内部结构的致密性，避免了水分的进入，提供防水性能，硅烷偶联剂、促进剂配合提高组分之间的相容性，促进硫化交联，提高胶体的力学性能，保证优良的力学强度和冲击韧性，在电缆连接处起到缓冲效果，形成相互滑动，使密封效果更佳优异。
具体实施方式
下面，通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯50份、聚合物多元醇250份、松香树脂40份、聚乙烯醇5份、戊二醛5份、交联剂5份、炭黑2份、氧化镁5份、硅烷偶联剂3份、促进剂3份、助溶剂15份。
实施例2
一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯60份、聚合物多元醇400份、松香树脂20份、聚乙烯醇10份、戊二醛3份、交联剂15份、炭黑1份、氧化镁8份、硅烷偶联剂2份、促进剂8份、助溶剂5份；
其中，聚合物多元醇为聚酯多元醇；交联剂为辛基酚醛硫化树脂；促进剂为三羟甲基丙烷；助溶剂为乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的混合物，乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的重量比为1：2：1。
实施例3
一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯52份、聚合物多元醇300份、松香树脂35份、聚乙烯醇6份、戊二醛4.5份、交联剂8份、炭黑1.8份、氧化镁6份、硅烷偶联剂2.8份、促进剂4份、助溶剂12份；
其中，其中，聚合物多元醇为聚醚多元醇；交联剂为溴化辛基酚醛树脂；促进剂为聚氧化丙烯三醇；助溶剂为乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的混合物，乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的重量比为1：2：1；
纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶由如下步骤制得：
S1、按配比将4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚合物多元醇混合混匀，升温至70℃进行预聚反应得到预聚体；
S2、将聚乙烯醇、戊二醛、松香树脂、交联剂混合均匀，加热至80℃下，保温2h，加入炭黑、氧化镁得到混合物料；
S3、向混合物料中加入硅烷偶联剂、促进剂、助溶剂，混炼，脱气得到纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶。
实施例4
一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯58份、聚合物多元醇380份、松香树25份、聚乙烯醇8份、戊二醛3.5份、交联剂12份、炭黑1.2份、氧化镁7份、硅烷偶联剂2.2份、促进剂7份、助溶剂8份；
其中，其中，聚合物多元醇为聚醚多元醇；交联剂为对叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂；促进剂为三羟甲基丙烷；助溶剂为乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的混合物，乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的重量比为1：2：1；
纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶由如下步骤制得：
S1、按配比将4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚合物多元醇混合混匀，升温至90℃进行预聚反应得到预聚体；
S2、将聚乙烯醇、戊二醛、松香树脂、交联剂混合均匀，加热至90℃下，保温1h，加入炭黑、氧化镁得到混合物料；
S3、向混合物料中加入硅烷偶联剂、促进剂、助溶剂，在温度为100℃下混炼3h，脱气得到纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶。
实施例5
一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯55份、聚合物多元醇350份、松香树30份、聚乙烯醇7份、戊二醛4份、交联剂10份、炭黑1.5份、氧化镁6.5份、硅烷偶联剂2.5份、促进剂6份、助溶剂10份；
其中，其中，聚合物多元醇为聚醚多元醇；交联剂为对叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂；促进剂为三羟甲基丙烷；助溶剂为乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的混合物，乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的重量比为1：2：1；
纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶由如下步骤制得：
S1、按配比将4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚合物多元醇混合混匀，升温至85℃进行预聚反应得到预聚体；
S2、将聚乙烯醇、戊二醛、松香树脂、交联剂混合均匀，加热至85℃下，保温1.5h，加入炭黑、氧化镁得到混合物料；
S3、向混合物料中加入硅烷偶联剂、促进剂、助溶剂，在温度为12℃下混炼2h，脱气得到纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶。
将实施例3-5制得纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶进行性能测试，测试结果如下表所示：
从测试数据可以看出，本发明具有很好的防水性能，密封性能良好，满足了纵向水密电缆密封胶的性能要求。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯50-60份、聚合物多元醇250-400份、松香树脂20-40份、聚乙烯醇5-10份、戊二醛3-5份、交联剂5-15份、炭黑1-2份、氧化镁5-8份、硅烷偶联剂2-3份、促进剂3-8份、助溶剂5-15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，聚合物多元醇为聚酯多元醇和/或聚醚多元醇。
3.根据权利要求1所述的纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，交联剂为辛基酚醛硫化树脂、溴化辛基酚醛树脂、对叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂中的一种或两种以上混合物。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，促进剂为三羟甲基丙烷或聚氧化丙烯三醇；优选地，促进剂为三羟甲基丙烷。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，助溶剂为乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的混合物；优选地，乙酸乙酯、环己烷和汽油的重量比为1：2：1。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯52-58份、聚合物多元醇300-380份、松香树脂25-35份、聚乙烯醇6-8份、戊二醛3.5-4.5份、交联剂8-12份、炭黑1.2-1.8份、氧化镁6-7份、硅烷偶联剂2.2-2.8份、促进剂4-7份、助溶剂8-12份。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1、按配比将4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚合物多元醇混合混匀，升温至70-90℃进行预聚反应得到预聚体；
S2、将聚乙烯醇、戊二醛、松香树脂、交联剂混合均匀，加热至80-90℃下，保温1-2h，加入炭黑、氧化镁得到混合物料；
S3、向混合物料中加入硅烷偶联剂、促进剂、助溶剂，混炼，脱气得到纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶。
8.根据权利要求7所述的纵向水密电缆用冷凝型防水胶的制备方法，其特征在于，S3中，混炼温度为100-120℃。
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