CN107118397A - A kind of fully-degradable starch/PVA plastics bait and its processing method - Google Patents
A kind of fully-degradable starch/PVA plastics bait and its processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107118397A CN107118397A CN201710301649.0A CN201710301649A CN107118397A CN 107118397 A CN107118397 A CN 107118397A CN 201710301649 A CN201710301649 A CN 201710301649A CN 107118397 A CN107118397 A CN 107118397A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K85/00—Artificial bait for fishing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fully-degradable starch/PVA plastics bait and its processing method, it is related to complete degradable plastic processing technique field, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：25 30 parts of plant amylum, 15 20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 35 parts of flyash, 35 parts of biodegradable additive, 23 parts of environment-friendly plasticizer, 12 parts of zeolite powder, 12 parts of PAMA, 0.5 1 parts of ceramic, 0.5 1 parts of crosslinking agent, 0.05 0.1 parts of HPMA, 0.05 0.1 parts of hexamethylolmelamine pregnancy ether.The made plastics bait of the present invention has excellent rate controlling water-soluble and biodegradability in water body, and fungus growth rank reaches V grades, and 15d weight-loss ratios, which are reached in more than 80%, 30d, to be completely degraded, so that made plastics bait meets environmental requirement.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to complete degradable plastic processing technique field, and in particular to a kind of fully-degradable starch/PVA plastics bait and
Its processing method.
Background technology：
In recent years, with the international, development of domestic economy and the continuous progress of society, people will to what is preserved the ecological environment
More and more higher is sought, international trade is also more and more tighter to the standard of this respect.Whether some product can in some countries and regions
Open up markets, be no longer in simple product price, quality and it is safe the problem of, the production of the feature of environmental protection of product, especially plastics
The environmental regulation whether degradability of product meets this area also becomes vital part.
The class that starch/PVA high polymer materials belong in Wholly-degradable material, not only with high barrier, non-conductive property with
And the characteristic such as physical mechanical strength is good, its primary raw material comes from renewable resource, can save limited petroleum resources.Starch/PVA
High polymer material can be divided into Biodegradable and the class product of hydrolysis-type two according to its environment mode of dissolving, Biodegradable product with
Its excellent, unique performance is widely used in daily plastic products.
Plastics bait is different from traditional bait, is that small fish shape is made using plastic material, to food calling fish.Fish
Person is when fishing in order to attract the shoal of fish, it will usually plastics bait is sprinkled into water, will so suspend plastics bait in water.
If plastics bait can not be biodegradable, water body environment will be polluted.In order to solve this problem, people in recent years
Put forth effort on exploitation can fully bio-degradable plastics bait, the plastics bait being suspended in water body can be completely degraded, so as to avoid
Its adverse effect caused to water body.
The content of the invention：
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are that providing the degradable that a kind of feature of environmental protection is good and performance is excellent forms sediment
Powder/PVA plastics bait and its processing method.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of fully-degradable starch/PVA plastics baits, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：
25-30 parts of plant amylum, 15-20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-5 parts of flyash, 3-5 parts of biodegradable additive, ring
Protect 2-3 parts of plasticizer, 1-2 parts of zeolite powder, 1-2 parts of PAMA, 0.5-1 parts of ceramic, crosslinking agent 0.5-1
Part, 0.05-0.1 parts of HPMA, 0.05-0.1 parts of hexamethylolmelamine pregnancy ether.
The one kind of the plant amylum in bean starch, potato starch, cereal starch.
The plant amylum is using preceding passing through modification, and its modification processing method is：Plant amylum is warming up to 115-
120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, add poloxamer and DAAM, continue in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing
15min, and sealing and standing 1h in 0-5 DEG C of environment is transferred to, poly-aspartic-acid and NVP are then added, again
115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min is warming up to, 10-15 DEG C of cold water is slowly added under stirring into gained mixture, adds rear quiet
30min is put, finally sends into gained mixed liquor in spray dryer, gained particle is dried and micro mist is made through micronizer, i.e.,
Obtain improved plant starch.
The plant amylum, poloxamer, DAAM, poly-aspartic-acid, NVP and
The mass ratio of cold water is 25-30:3-5:0.5-1:2-3:0.1-0.3:100-150.
The polyvinyl alcohol is handled using preceding by pre- plasticising, and its processing method is：Polyvinyl alcohol is added into boiling water, is stirred
Mix dissolving complete, add polyethylene glycol oxide and hydrogenated rosin pentaerythritol ester, continue return stirring 30min, and with 5 DEG C/min
Cooling rate be cooled to 0-5 DEG C of insulated and stirred 15min, reflux state is then warming up to again with 10 DEG C/min programming rate
Insulated and stirred 15min, gained mixed liquor naturally cools to room temperature, is sent into after being sufficiently stirred in spray dryer, dries gained
Micro mist is made through micronizer in grain, that is, completes the pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol.
The boiling water, polyvinyl alcohol, the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol oxide and hydrogenated rosin pentaerythritol ester are 50-100:15-
20:2-3:0.05-0.1。
The biodegradable additive is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight：Chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber is combined
2-3 parts of thing, 0.5-1 parts of sesbania gum, 0.3-0.5 parts of cetanol, 0.1-0.3 parts of hydrogenated palm wax.
The chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber compound be combined under composite assistant effect by chitosan oligosaccharide and down fiber and
Into its preparation method is：Polyvinylpyrrolidone and rilanit special are added into down fiber, add water regulation after being sufficiently mixed
Water content reaches 65-70%, then gained mixture is sent into freeze drier, dries gained particle and is made through micronizer
Micro mist, then adds chitosan oligosaccharide and N- hydroxyethyl acrylamides, and is warming up to 85-90 DEG C of insulation grinding 30min, produces shell few
Sugar/down fiber compound.
The down fiber, polyvinylpyrrolidone, rilanit special, the quality of chitosan oligosaccharide and N- hydroxyethyl acrylamides
Than for 2-3:0.3-0.5:0.1-0.2:5-10:0.5-1.
A kind of processing method of fully-degradable starch/PVA plastics baits, comprises the following steps：
(1) plant amylum, polyvinyl alcohol and crosslinking agent are added into high-speed mixer, 115-120 DEG C of insulation is warming up to mixed
10min is closed, environment-friendly plasticizer, HPMA and hexamethylolmelamine pregnancy ether is added, continued in 115-120
DEG C insulation mixing 5min, produce blending major ingredient；
(2) flyash, zeolite powder and ceramic, and regulation gained mixed powder of spraying water are added into high-speed mixer
Water content reaches 70-75%, mixed at room temperature 5min, then stands 30min, then heats to 105-110 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min,
Produce blending auxiliary material；
(3) blending major ingredient, blending auxiliary material, biodegradable additive and anion pp acyl are added into kneading machine
Then amine, melting mixing 5min adds gained compound in double screw extruder, and extruded rear cooling, drying, pelletizing are made
Plastic grain, is finally made plastics bait using plastic grain through injection molding.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) by the modification to plant amylum, it is strengthened while starch script excellent biodegradability is retained
Bridging property with macromolecule raw material, comixing compatibility and itself pliability with inorganic raw material, so as to improve made plastics production
The mechanical property of product；
(2) handled by the pre- plasticising to polyvinyl alcohol, strengthen the plasticity of polyvinyl alcohol, so as to improve made plastic product
Mechanical property；
(3) made plastics bait has excellent rate controlling water-soluble and biodegradability in water body, i.e., utilize simultaneously
Its water solubility realizes degraded with biological degradability, and fungus growth rank reaches V grades, and 15d weight-loss ratios reach more than 80%, 30d
Inside it is completely degraded, so that made plastics bait meets environmental requirement, it is to avoid the environment difficult degradation that common plasticses bait is present
Problem.
Embodiment：
In order that the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention are easy to understand, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment 1
(1) 30kg plant amylums, 15kg polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5kg crosslinking agents are added into high-speed mixer, is warming up to
115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, adds 2kg environment-friendly plasticizers, 0.05kg HPMAs and the hydroxyl first of 0.05kg six
Base melamine pregnancy ether, continues, in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 5min, to produce blending major ingredient；
(2) 3kg flyash, 2kg zeolite powders and 0.5kg ceramics, and the regulation institute that sprays water are added into high-speed mixer
The water content for obtaining mixed powder reaches 70-75%, mixed at room temperature 5min, then stands 30min, then heats to 105-110 DEG C of guarantor
Temperature mixing 10min, produces blending auxiliary material；
(3) blending major ingredient, blending auxiliary material, 3kg biodegradable additives and 2kg anion poly- third are added into kneading machine
Then acrylamide, melting mixing 5min adds gained compound in double screw extruder, extruded rear cooling, drying, pelletizing
Plastic grain is made, plastics bait finally is made through injection molding using plastic grain.
The modification of potato starch：25kg potato starches are warming up to 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, added
3kg poloxamers and 0.5kg DAAMs, continue in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, and be transferred to 0-5 DEG C of environment
Middle sealing and standing 1h, then adds 3kg poly-aspartic-acids and 0.15kg NVPs, 115- is warming up to again
120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, 150kg 10-15 DEG C cold water is slowly added into gained mixture, is stood after adding under stirring
30min, finally sends into gained mixed liquor in spray dryer, dries gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, produce
Modified potato starch.
The pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol：20kg polyvinyl alcohol is added into 100kg boiling water, stirring and dissolving completely, then adds
Enter 3kg polyethylene glycol oxides and 0.1kg hydrogenated rosin pentaerythritol esters, continue return stirring 30min, and with 5 DEG C/min cooling
Speed is cooled to 0-5 DEG C of insulated and stirred 15min, is then warming up to reflux state with 10 DEG C/min programming rate and is incubated again and stirs
15min is mixed, gained mixed liquor naturally cools to room temperature, sent into after being sufficiently stirred in spray dryer, dry gained particle through super
Micro mist is made in atomizer, that is, completes the pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol.
The preparation of biodegradable additive：By 2kg chitosan oligosaccharides/down fiber compound, 0.5kg sesbania gums, 0.3kg whales
Ceryl alcohol and 0.1kg hydrogenated palm waxes are sufficiently mixed, and produce biodegradable additive.
The preparation of chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber compound：Into 3kg down fibers add 0.3kg polyvinylpyrrolidones and
0.2kg rilanit specials, the regulation water content that added water after being sufficiently mixed reaches 65-70%, then the feeding freezing of gained mixture is dry
In dry machine, dry gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, then add 10kg chitosan oligosaccharides and 0.5kg N- ethoxys third
Acrylamide, and 85-90 DEG C of insulation grinding 30min is warming up to, produce chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber compound.
Embodiment 2
(1) 30kg plant amylums, 20kg polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5kg crosslinking agents are added into high-speed mixer, is warming up to
115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, adds 3kg environment-friendly plasticizers, 0.1kg HPMAs and the hydroxyl first of 0.05kg six
Base melamine pregnancy ether, continues, in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 5min, to produce blending major ingredient；
(2) 5kg flyash, 1kg zeolite powders and 0.5kg ceramics, and the regulation institute that sprays water are added into high-speed mixer
The water content for obtaining mixed powder reaches 70-75%, mixed at room temperature 5min, then stands 30min, then heats to 105-110 DEG C of guarantor
Temperature mixing 10min, produces blending auxiliary material；
(3) blending major ingredient, blending auxiliary material, 5kg biodegradable additives and 1kg anion poly- third are added into kneading machine
Then acrylamide, melting mixing 5min adds gained compound in double screw extruder, extruded rear cooling, drying, pelletizing
Plastic grain is made, plastics bait finally is made through injection molding using plastic grain.
The modification of starch from sweet potato：30kg starch from sweet potato is warming up to 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, added
5kg poloxamers and 0.5kg DAAMs, continue in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, and be transferred to 0-5 DEG C of environment
Middle sealing and standing 1h, then adds 2kg poly-aspartic-acids and 0.2kg NVPs, 115- is warming up to again
120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, 150kg 10-15 DEG C cold water is slowly added into gained mixture, is stood after adding under stirring
30min, finally sends into gained mixed liquor in spray dryer, dries gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, produce
Modified sweet potato starch.
The pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol：15kg polyvinyl alcohol is added into 100kg boiling water, stirring and dissolving completely, then adds
Enter 2kg polyethylene glycol oxides and 0.05kg hydrogenated rosin pentaerythritol esters, continue return stirring 30min, and with 5 DEG C/min cooling
Speed is cooled to 0-5 DEG C of insulated and stirred 15min, is then warming up to reflux state with 10 DEG C/min programming rate and is incubated again and stirs
15min is mixed, gained mixed liquor naturally cools to room temperature, sent into after being sufficiently stirred in spray dryer, dry gained particle through super
Micro mist is made in atomizer, that is, completes the pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol.
The preparation of biodegradable additive：By 3kg chitosan oligosaccharides/down fiber compound, 1kg sesbania gums, 0.5kg spermaceti
Alcohol and 0.3kg hydrogenated palm waxes are sufficiently mixed, and produce biodegradable additive.
The preparation of chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber compound：Into 2kg down fibers add 0.3kg polyvinylpyrrolidones and
0.1kg rilanit specials, the regulation water content that added water after being sufficiently mixed reaches 65-70%, then the feeding freezing of gained mixture is dry
In dry machine, dry gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, then add 5kg chitosan oligosaccharides and 0.5kg N- hydroxylethyls
Acid amides, and 85-90 DEG C of insulation grinding 30min is warming up to, produce chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber compound.
Embodiment 3
(1) 30kg plant amylums, 20kg polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5kg crosslinking agents are added into high-speed mixer, is warming up to
115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, adds 3kg environment-friendly plasticizers, 0.1kg HPMAs and the hydroxyl first of 0.05kg six
Base melamine pregnancy ether, continues, in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 5min, to produce blending major ingredient；
(2) 5kg flyash, 1kg zeolite powders and 0.5kg ceramics, and the regulation institute that sprays water are added into high-speed mixer
The water content for obtaining mixed powder reaches 70-75%, mixed at room temperature 5min, then stands 30min, then heats to 105-110 DEG C of guarantor
Temperature mixing 10min, produces blending auxiliary material；
(3) blending major ingredient, blending auxiliary material, 5kg biodegradable additives and 1kg anion poly- third are added into kneading machine
Then acrylamide, melting mixing 5min adds gained compound in double screw extruder, extruded rear cooling, drying, pelletizing
Plastic grain is made, plastics bait finally is made through injection molding using plastic grain.
The pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol：15kg polyvinyl alcohol is added into 100kg boiling water, stirring and dissolving completely, then adds
Enter 2kg polyethylene glycol oxides and 0.05kg hydrogenated rosin pentaerythritol esters, continue return stirring 30min, and with 5 DEG C/min cooling
Speed is cooled to 0-5 DEG C of insulated and stirred 15min, is then warming up to reflux state with 10 DEG C/min programming rate and is incubated again and stirs
15min is mixed, gained mixed liquor naturally cools to room temperature, sent into after being sufficiently stirred in spray dryer, dry gained particle through super
Micro mist is made in atomizer, that is, completes the pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol.
The preparation of biodegradable additive：By 3kg chitosan oligosaccharides/down fiber compound, 1kg sesbania gums, 0.5kg spermaceti
Alcohol and 0.3kg hydrogenated palm waxes are sufficiently mixed, and produce biodegradable additive.
The preparation of chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber compound：Into 2kg down fibers add 0.3kg polyvinylpyrrolidones and
0.1kg rilanit specials, the regulation water content that added water after being sufficiently mixed reaches 65-70%, then the feeding freezing of gained mixture is dry
In dry machine, dry gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, then add 5kg chitosan oligosaccharides and 0.5kg N- hydroxylethyls
Acid amides, and 85-90 DEG C of insulation grinding 30min is warming up to, produce chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber compound.
Embodiment 4
(1) 30kg plant amylums, 20kg polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5kg crosslinking agents are added into high-speed mixer, is warming up to
115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, adds 3kg environment-friendly plasticizers, 0.1kg HPMAs and the hydroxyl first of 0.05kg six
Base melamine pregnancy ether, continues, in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 5min, to produce blending major ingredient；
(2) 5kg flyash, 1kg zeolite powders and 0.5kg ceramics, and the regulation institute that sprays water are added into high-speed mixer
The water content for obtaining mixed powder reaches 70-75%, mixed at room temperature 5min, then stands 30min, then heats to 105-110 DEG C of guarantor
Temperature mixing 10min, produces blending auxiliary material；
(3) blending major ingredient, blending auxiliary material, 5kg biodegradable additives and 1kg anion poly- third are added into kneading machine
Then acrylamide, melting mixing 5min adds gained compound in double screw extruder, extruded rear cooling, drying, pelletizing
Plastic grain is made, plastics bait finally is made through injection molding using plastic grain.
The modification of starch from sweet potato：30kg starch from sweet potato is warming up to 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, added
5kg poloxamers and 0.5kg DAAMs, continue in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, and be transferred to 0-5 DEG C of environment
Middle sealing and standing 1h, then adds 2kg poly-aspartic-acids and 0.2kg NVPs, 115- is warming up to again
120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, 150kg 10-15 DEG C cold water is slowly added into gained mixture, is stood after adding under stirring
30min, finally sends into gained mixed liquor in spray dryer, dries gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, produce
Modified sweet potato starch.
The preparation of biodegradable additive：By 3kg chitosan oligosaccharides/down fiber compound, 1kg sesbania gums, 0.5kg spermaceti
Alcohol and 0.3kg hydrogenated palm waxes are sufficiently mixed, and produce biodegradable additive.
The preparation of chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber compound：Into 2kg down fibers add 0.3kg polyvinylpyrrolidones and
0.1kg rilanit specials, the regulation water content that added water after being sufficiently mixed reaches 65-70%, then the feeding freezing of gained mixture is dry
In dry machine, dry gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, then add 5kg chitosan oligosaccharides and 0.5kg N- hydroxylethyls
Acid amides, and 85-90 DEG C of insulation grinding 30min is warming up to, produce chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber compound.
Reference examples 1
(1) 30kg plant amylums, 20kg polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5kg crosslinking agents are added into high-speed mixer, is warming up to
115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, adds 3kg environment-friendly plasticizers, 0.1kg HPMAs and the hydroxyl first of 0.05kg six
Base melamine pregnancy ether, continues, in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 5min, to produce blending major ingredient；
(2) 5kg flyash, 1kg zeolite powders and 0.5kg ceramics, and the regulation institute that sprays water are added into high-speed mixer
The water content for obtaining mixed powder reaches 70-75%, mixed at room temperature 5min, then stands 30min, then heats to 105-110 DEG C of guarantor
Temperature mixing 10min, produces blending auxiliary material；
(3) blending major ingredient, blending auxiliary material, 5kg biodegradable additives and 1kg anion poly- third are added into kneading machine
Then acrylamide, melting mixing 5min adds gained compound in double screw extruder, extruded rear cooling, drying, pelletizing
Plastic grain is made, plastics bait finally is made through injection molding using plastic grain.
The modification of starch from sweet potato：30kg starch from sweet potato is warming up to 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, added
5kg poloxamers and 0.5kg DAAMs, continue in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, and be transferred to 0-5 DEG C of environment
Middle sealing and standing 1h, then adds 2kg poly-aspartic-acids and 0.2kg NVPs, 115- is warming up to again
120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, 150kg 10-15 DEG C cold water is slowly added into gained mixture, is stood after adding under stirring
30min, finally sends into gained mixed liquor in spray dryer, dries gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, produce
Modified sweet potato starch.
The pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol：15kg polyvinyl alcohol is added into 100kg boiling water, stirring and dissolving completely, then adds
Enter 2kg polyethylene glycol oxides and 0.05kg hydrogenated rosin pentaerythritol esters, continue return stirring 30min, and with 5 DEG C/min cooling
Speed is cooled to 0-5 DEG C of insulated and stirred 15min, is then warming up to reflux state with 10 DEG C/min programming rate and is incubated again and stirs
15min is mixed, gained mixed liquor naturally cools to room temperature, sent into after being sufficiently stirred in spray dryer, dry gained particle through super
Micro mist is made in atomizer, that is, completes the pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol.
The preparation of biodegradable additive：3kg chitosan oligosaccharides, 1kg sesbania gums, 0.5kg cetanols and 0.3kg are hydrogenated into palm fibre
Palmitic acid wax is sufficiently mixed, and produces biodegradable additive.
Reference examples 2
(1) 30kg plant amylums, 20kg polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5kg crosslinking agents are added into high-speed mixer, is warming up to
115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, adds 3kg environment-friendly plasticizers, 0.1kg HPMAs and the hydroxyl first of 0.05kg six
Base melamine pregnancy ether, continues, in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 5min, to produce blending major ingredient；
(2) 5kg flyash, 1kg zeolite powders and 0.5kg ceramics, and the regulation institute that sprays water are added into high-speed mixer
The water content for obtaining mixed powder reaches 70-75%, mixed at room temperature 5min, then stands 30min, then heats to 105-110 DEG C of guarantor
Temperature mixing 10min, produces blending auxiliary material；
(3) blending major ingredient is added into kneading machine, auxiliary material and 1kg PAMAs is blended, melting mixing 5min,
Then gained compound is added in double screw extruder, plastic grain is made in extruded rear cooling, drying, pelletizing, last sharp
Plastics bait is made through injection molding with plastic grain.
The modification of starch from sweet potato：30kg starch from sweet potato is warming up to 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, added
5kg poloxamers and 0.5kg DAAMs, continue in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, and be transferred to 0-5 DEG C of environment
Middle sealing and standing 1h, then adds 2kg poly-aspartic-acids and 0.2kg NVPs, 115- is warming up to again
120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, 150kg 10-15 DEG C cold water is slowly added into gained mixture, is stood after adding under stirring
30min, finally sends into gained mixed liquor in spray dryer, dries gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, produce
Modified sweet potato starch.
The pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol：15kg polyvinyl alcohol is added into 100kg boiling water, stirring and dissolving completely, then adds
Enter 2kg polyethylene glycol oxides and 0.05kg hydrogenated rosin pentaerythritol esters, continue return stirring 30min, and with 5 DEG C/min cooling
Speed is cooled to 0-5 DEG C of insulated and stirred 15min, is then warming up to reflux state with 10 DEG C/min programming rate and is incubated again and stirs
15min is mixed, gained mixed liquor naturally cools to room temperature, sent into after being sufficiently stirred in spray dryer, dry gained particle through super
Micro mist is made in atomizer, that is, completes the pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol.
Embodiment 5
It is utilized respectively embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, reference examples 1 and the processing of the methods described of reference examples 2
Plastics bait, and the mechanical property and biodegradability of made plastics bait are determined, as a result as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
The mechanical property of the made plastics bait of table 1
| Mechanical property | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Reference examples 1 | Reference examples 2 |
| Tensile strength MPa | 52 | 53 | 38 | 32 | 50 | 46 |
| Elongation at break % | 56 | 58 | 40 | 36 | 52 | 46 |
| Impact strength KJ/m2 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 3.8 | 3.6 |
The biodegradability of the made plastics bait of table 2
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fully-degradable starch/PVA plastics baits, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：
25-30 parts of plant amylum, 15-20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-5 parts of flyash, 3-5 parts of biodegradable additive, environmental protection increase
Mould 2-3 parts of agent, 1-2 parts of zeolite powder, 1-2 parts of PAMA, 0.5-1 parts of ceramic, 0.5-1 parts of crosslinking agent, water
Solve 0.05-0.1 parts of HPMA, 0.05-0.1 parts of hexamethylolmelamine pregnancy ether.
2. fully-degradable starch according to claim 1/PVA plastics baits, it is characterised in that：The plant amylum is selected from beans
One kind in kind of starch, potato starch, cereal starch.
3. fully-degradable starch according to claim 1/PVA plastics baits, it is characterised in that：Before the plant amylum use
By modification, its modification processing method is：Plant amylum is warming up to 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, pool is added
Luo Shamu and DAAM, continue in 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min, and be transferred to sealing and standing in 0-5 DEG C of environment
1h, then adds poly-aspartic-acid and NVP, and 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing 15min is warming up to again, is stirred
Mix in the lower mixture to gained and be slowly added to 10-15 DEG C of cold water, 30min is stood after adding, finally gained mixed liquor is sent into and sprayed
In mist drying machine, dry gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, produce improved plant starch.
4. fully-degradable starch according to claim 3/PVA plastics baits, it is characterised in that：The plant amylum, pool Lip river
Sha Mu, DAAM, poly-aspartic-acid, the mass ratio of NVP and cold water are 25-30:3-5:
0.5-1:2-3:0.1-0.3:100-150。
5. fully-degradable starch according to claim 1/PVA plastics baits, it is characterised in that：Before the polyvinyl alcohol use
Handled by pre- plasticising, its processing method is：Polyvinyl alcohol is added into boiling water, stirring and dissolving completely, adds polyoxyethylene
Alkene and hydrogenated rosin pentaerythritol ester, continue return stirring 30min, and be cooled to 0-5 DEG C of insulation with 5 DEG C/min cooling rate
15min is stirred, reflux state insulated and stirred 15min again, gained mixed liquor are then warming up to 10 DEG C/min programming rate
Room temperature is naturally cooled to, is sent into after being sufficiently stirred in spray dryer, gained particle is dried and micro mist is made through micronizer, i.e.,
Complete the pre- plasticising processing of polyvinyl alcohol.
6. fully-degradable starch according to claim 5/PVA plastics baits, it is characterised in that：The boiling water, polyvinyl alcohol,
The mass ratio of polyethylene glycol oxide and hydrogenated rosin pentaerythritol ester is 50-100:15-20:2-3:0.05-0.1.
7. fully-degradable starch according to claim 1/PVA plastics baits, it is characterised in that：The biodegradable addition
Agent is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight：Chitosan oligosaccharide/2-3 parts of down fiber compound, 0.5-1 parts of sesbania gum, spermaceti
0.3-0.5 parts of alcohol, 0.1-0.3 parts of hydrogenated palm wax.
8. fully-degradable starch according to claim 7/PVA plastics baits, it is characterised in that：The chitosan oligosaccharide/eider down is fine
Dimension compound is to be composited by chitosan oligosaccharide and down fiber under composite assistant effect, and its preparation method is：To down fiber
Middle addition polyvinylpyrrolidone and rilanit special, the regulation water content that added water after being sufficiently mixed reaches 65-70%, then by gained
In mixture feeding freeze drier, dry gained particle and micro mist is made through micronizer, then add chitosan oligosaccharide and N- hydroxyls
Ethyl acrylamide, and 85-90 DEG C of insulation grinding 30min is warming up to, produce chitosan oligosaccharide/down fiber compound.
9. fully-degradable starch according to claim 8/PVA plastics baits, it is characterised in that：The down fiber, poly- second
Alkene pyrrolidone, rilanit special, the mass ratio of chitosan oligosaccharide and N- hydroxyethyl acrylamides are 2-3:0.3-0.5:0.1-0.2:
5-10:0.5-1。
10. the processing method of a kind of fully-degradable starch/PVA plastics baits, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) plant amylum, polyvinyl alcohol and crosslinking agent are added into high-speed mixer, 115-120 DEG C of insulation mixing is warming up to
10min, adds environment-friendly plasticizer, HPMA and hexamethylolmelamine pregnancy ether, continues at 115-120 DEG C
Insulation mixing 5min, produces blending major ingredient；
(2) flyash, zeolite powder and ceramic, and the aqueous of regulation gained mixed powder of spraying water are added into high-speed mixer
Amount reaches 70-75%, mixed at room temperature 5min, then stands 30min, then heats to 105-110 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, produces
Auxiliary material is blended；
(3) blending major ingredient, blending auxiliary material, biodegradable additive and PAMA are added into kneading machine, is melted
Melt mixing 5min, then add gained compound in double screw extruder, plastics are made in extruded rear cooling, drying, pelletizing
Particle, is finally made plastics bait using plastic grain through injection molding.
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