CN107118056A - A kind of method that utilization agricultural waste material makes biological slow-release fertilizer - Google Patents

A kind of method that utilization agricultural waste material makes biological slow-release fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107118056A
CN107118056A CN201710388937.4A CN201710388937A CN107118056A CN 107118056 A CN107118056 A CN 107118056A CN 201710388937 A CN201710388937 A CN 201710388937A CN 107118056 A CN107118056 A CN 107118056A
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China
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
fermentation
waste material
agricultural waste
raw material
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CN201710388937.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
柳文发
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Hubei Meng Niu Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Hubei Meng Niu Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710388937.4A priority Critical patent/CN107118056A/en
Publication of CN107118056A publication Critical patent/CN107118056A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/04—Biological compost
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method that utilization agricultural waste material makes biological slow-release fertilizer, mainly with abandoned vinasse, plant's animal wastes and agricultural crop straw, peach branch for raw material, through the continuous pool aerobic fermentation technology processing of Particular craft, and be effectively combined with functional microbial microbial inoculum, a kind of fertilizer rich in various trace elements such as N, P, K being processed into；Then using biological materials such as agricultural crop straw, peach branches under the environmental condition of limitation and starvation, through being pyrolyzed obtained solid product, form charcoal, then by the absorption property of charcoal, other trace elements such as N, P, K, charcoal base manure material is made by extrusion forming in reasonable adsorption fertilizer.New bio charcoal base manure material living bacteria count >=20,000,000/gram, N, P, K content are 6% 20%, organic matter >=25%, humic acid >=10%, rich in micro- in active calcium and magnesium boron zinc-manganese etc., can ensure the situation of fertilizer efficiency, improve soil environment, reduce the pollution of soil.

Description

A kind of method that utilization agricultural waste material makes biological slow-release fertilizer
Technical field
The side of biological slow-release fertilizer is made the present invention relates to field of fertilizer production, more particularly to a kind of utilization agricultural waste material Method.
Background technology
At present, China's chemical fertilizer this season utilization rate average out to 30%.By taking nitrogenous fertilizer as an example, 1990s utilization rate is averagely about For 35%, 27% or so is reduced to now.In addition, chemical fertilizer excessively puts into, blindly applied, crop utilization rate is not high, it can all cause Soil, water body, the pollution of air and agricultural product, chemical fertilizer have been considered as being only second to the pollution sources of agricultural chemicals, the harm caused also with agriculture Medicine is equal to each other.Biological slow-release fertilizer is to solve the good measure of this problem, is greatly developing the sustained release skill of nitrogenous fertilizer both at home and abroad Art.The controlled-release material species being sustained for fertilizer nutrient is more, but current controlled-release material lacks supplement soil organic matter Function, and most of material is by resource restriction, non-renewable.Biomass is reproducible, thus charcoal is reproducible, money Source is infinite.Charcoal has soil improvement and the effect of soil carbon sequestration, also adsorbable and load fertilizer nutrient, delays fertilizer nutrient Discharged in soil and reduce elution loss, be the green controlled-release material of the more fertilizer slow releases of beneficial functions.
In rural area production and living now, substantial amounts of wastes of crops and animal wastes all by directly as Fertilizer application, The even abandoned having, is extremely wasted, and these are all the excellent materials for making biological slow-release fertilizer, and therefore, one kind utilizes crops The method that discarded object makes biological slow-release fertilizer seems particularly necessary.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art there is provided and a kind of made using agricultural waste material The method of biological slow-release fertilizer, is not used any chemical addition agent, substantially improves the quality of soil.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of method that utilization agricultural waste material makes biological slow-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) material selection and pretreatment：The stalk produced during collection production estimation and the limb of peach trimming, put It is exposed to the sun under the sun to drying, and is ground into graininess, is then divided into two parts, portion does fermentation raw material, portion does carbonaceous raw material； The vinasse after plant's animal wastes and wine brewing are collected, are stacked respectively to shady place initial fermentation.
(2) preliminary mixing：Gained fermentation raw material in step (1) is pressed into stalk and peach limb 4:1 mass ratio mixing is equal Even acquisition granular raw fertilizer；Animal wastes and vinasse by granular raw fertilizer with step (1) Jing Guo initial fermentation press 3:3:4 matter Amount is than being well mixed, and being stacked at shady place voluntarily ferments 15-20 days, obtains biological former fertilizer；
(3) sealing and fermenting：Biological former fertilizer obtained by step (2) is pressed 1 with distilled water:1 volume ratio is placed in sealed fermentation In bucket, appropriate fermenting agent is added, is shut with plastic sheeting, and reserved thieff hatch and passage, it is ensured that air inflow is 0.2- 0.6vvm, once, fermentation ends obtain proferment fertilizer after temperature within the barrel of fermenting rises to 70 DEG C for sampling in every three days；
(4) high temperature cabonization：Carbonaceous raw material obtained by step (1) is placed in vacuum tank, carbon is obtained under 500-600 DEG C of high temperature Compound；
(5) carbonization absorption：After the fertile natural air drying of proferment obtained by step (3), be ground into pulverizer it is powdered, then 1 is pressed with carbide obtained by step (4):1 volume ratio is sufficiently mixed, and is placed in sealed blending tank, makes its natural mixed fermentation Obtain finished product fertilizer within 15-20 days；
(6) packing and storing：Gained finished product fertilizer in step (5) is taken out In Shade air-dried, then packed Separately deposited in polybag.
Further, during step (3) sealing and fermenting, the fermentation tank is the cylindrical seal of uniform rotation Tank, rotating speed is not more than 0.004r/min, is conducive to the circulation of air, and good fermenting space is provided to aerobic bacteria.
Further, during step (6) packing and storing, it is mixed into during pack and accounts for the independent of single bag of gross weight 1%-2% The quick lime of encapsulation, is conducive to keeping drying in bag, extends the resting period.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：Mainly with abandoned vinasse, plant's animal wastes And agricultural crop straw, peach branch are raw material, are processed through the continuous pool aerobic fermentation technology of Particular craft, and and functional microbial Microbial inoculum is effectively combined, a kind of fertilizer rich in various trace elements such as N, P, K being processed into；Then agricultural crop straw, peach are utilized The biological materials such as branch, through being pyrolyzed obtained solid product, form charcoal under the environmental condition of limitation and starvation, Then by the absorption property of charcoal, other trace elements such as N, P, K, are made by extrusion forming and given birth in reasonable adsorption fertilizer Thing charcoal base manure material.New bio charcoal base manure material living bacteria count >=20,000,000/gram, N, P, K content are 6%-20%, organic matter >=25%, humic acid >=10%, rich in micro- in active calcium and magnesium boron zinc-manganese etc., can ensure the situation of fertilizer efficiency, improve soil Earth environment, reduces the pollution of soil.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this Invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, not For limiting the present invention.
A kind of method that utilization agricultural waste material makes biological slow-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) material selection and pretreatment：The stalk produced during collection production estimation and the limb of peach trimming, put It is exposed to the sun under the sun to drying, and is ground into graininess, is then divided into two parts, portion does fermentation raw material, portion does carbonaceous raw material； The vinasse after plant's animal wastes and wine brewing are collected, are stacked respectively to shady place initial fermentation.
(2) preliminary mixing：Gained fermentation raw material in step (1) is pressed into stalk and peach limb 4:1 mass ratio mixing is equal Even acquisition granular raw fertilizer；Animal wastes and vinasse by granular raw fertilizer with step (1) Jing Guo initial fermentation press 3:3:4 matter Amount is than being well mixed, and being stacked at shady place voluntarily ferments 15-20 days, obtains biological former fertilizer；
(3) sealing and fermenting：Biological former fertilizer obtained by step (2) is pressed 1 with distilled water:1 volume ratio is placed in sealed fermentation In bucket, appropriate fermenting agent is added, is shut with plastic sheeting, and reserved thieff hatch and passage, it is ensured that air inflow is 0.2- 0.6vvm, once, fermentation ends obtain proferment fertilizer after temperature within the barrel of fermenting rises to 70 DEG C for sampling in every three days；
(4) high temperature cabonization：Carbonaceous raw material obtained by step (1) is placed in vacuum tank, carbon is obtained under 500-600 DEG C of high temperature Compound；
(5) carbonization absorption：After the fertile natural air drying of proferment obtained by step (3), be ground into pulverizer it is powdered, then 1 is pressed with carbide obtained by step (4):1 volume ratio is sufficiently mixed, and is placed in sealed blending tank, makes its natural mixed fermentation Obtain finished product fertilizer within 15-20 days；
(6) packing and storing：Gained finished product fertilizer in step (5) is taken out In Shade air-dried, then packed Separately deposited in polybag.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, during step (3) sealing and fermenting, the fermentation tank is at the uniform velocity The cylindrical seal tank of rotation, rotating speed is not more than 0.004r/min, is conducive to the circulation of air, and good hair is provided to aerobic bacteria Ferment space is conducive to keeping drying in bag, it is to avoid rotten.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, during step (6) packing and storing, it is mixed into during pack and accounts for single bag The quick lime of gross weight 1%-2% independent encapsulation, is conducive to keeping drying in bag, extends the resting period.
New bio charcoal base manure material living bacteria count >=20,000,000/gram, N, P, K content be 6%-20%, organic matter >= 25%th, humic acid >=10%, rich in micro- in active calcium and magnesium boron zinc-manganese etc., can ensure the situation of fertilizer efficiency, improve soil Environment, reduces the pollution of soil.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method that utilization agricultural waste material makes biological slow-release fertilizer, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) material selection and pretreatment：The stalk produced during collection production estimation and the limb of peach trimming, are placed in too It is exposed to the sun under sun to drying, and is ground into graininess, is then divided into two parts, portion does fermentation raw material, portion does carbonaceous raw material；Collect Vinasse after plant's animal wastes and wine brewing, stack to shady place initial fermentation respectively.
(2) preliminary mixing：Gained fermentation raw material in step (1) is pressed into stalk and peach limb 4:1 mass ratio is well mixed to be obtained Obtain granular raw fertilizer；Animal wastes and vinasse by granular raw fertilizer with step (1) Jing Guo initial fermentation press 3:3:4 mass ratio It is well mixed, it is stacked at shady place and voluntarily ferments 15-20 days, obtains biological former fertilizer；
(3) sealing and fermenting：Biological former fertilizer obtained by step (2) is pressed 1 with distilled water:1 volume ratio is placed in sealed fermenter, Appropriate fermenting agent is added, is shut with plastic sheeting, and reserved thieff hatch and passage, it is ensured that air inflow is 0.2- 0.6vvm, once, fermentation ends obtain proferment fertilizer after temperature within the barrel of fermenting rises to 70 DEG C for sampling in every three days；
(4) high temperature cabonization：Carbonaceous raw material obtained by step (1) is placed in vacuum tank, is carbonized under 500-600 DEG C of high temperature Thing；
(5) carbonization absorption：After the fertile natural air drying of proferment obtained by step (3), be ground into pulverizer it is powdered, then with step Suddenly carbide obtained by (4) presses 1:1 volume ratio is sufficiently mixed, and is placed in sealed blending tank, makes its natural mixed fermentation 15-20 It obtains finished product fertilizer；
(6) packing and storing：Gained finished product fertilizer in step (5) is taken out to the pie for being squeezed into diameter 20-25mm, it is In Shade Air-dry, and then pack and separately deposited in polybag.
2. the method that a kind of utilization agricultural waste material according to claim 1 makes biological slow-release fertilizer, it is characterised in that During step (3) sealing and fermenting, the fermentation tank is the cylindrical seal tank of uniform rotation, and rotating speed is not more than 0.004r/min。
3. the method that a kind of utilization agricultural waste material according to claim 1 makes biological slow-release fertilizer, it is characterised in that During step (6) packing and storing, the quick lime for the independent encapsulation for accounting for single bag of gross weight 1%-2% is mixed into during pack.
CN201710388937.4A 2017-05-25 2017-05-25 A kind of method that utilization agricultural waste material makes biological slow-release fertilizer Pending CN107118056A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107903134A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-04-13 陕西科技大学 A kind of method of apple tree beta pruning converted in-situ charcoal organic fertilizer
CN109485481A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-03-19 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 A kind of organic-biological charcoal base manure and its preparation method and application
CN112320949A (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-02-05 江西挺进环保科技有限公司 Nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system for slowly releasing organic carbon source
CN112536315A (en) * 2020-11-06 2021-03-23 天津亚德尔生物质科技股份有限公司 Soil treatment method based on charcoal material
CN114956907A (en) * 2022-07-08 2022-08-30 雷涛 Method for producing organic fertilizer by field treatment of pruning peach trees and preparation method thereof

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CN104557162A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 东莞市高能磁电技术有限公司 Preparation method of straw self-decomposed compound fertilizer and product
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107903134A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-04-13 陕西科技大学 A kind of method of apple tree beta pruning converted in-situ charcoal organic fertilizer
CN109485481A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-03-19 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 A kind of organic-biological charcoal base manure and its preparation method and application
CN112320949A (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-02-05 江西挺进环保科技有限公司 Nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system for slowly releasing organic carbon source
CN112320949B (en) * 2020-10-21 2022-12-16 江西挺进环保科技股份有限公司 Nitrification-denitrification coupling biological membrane system for slowly releasing organic carbon source
CN112536315A (en) * 2020-11-06 2021-03-23 天津亚德尔生物质科技股份有限公司 Soil treatment method based on charcoal material
CN114956907A (en) * 2022-07-08 2022-08-30 雷涛 Method for producing organic fertilizer by field treatment of pruning peach trees and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20170901