CN107115844A - 铜基三维石墨烯材料及利用其处理偏二甲肼废水的方法 - Google Patents
铜基三维石墨烯材料及利用其处理偏二甲肼废水的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107115844A CN107115844A CN201710446780.6A CN201710446780A CN107115844A CN 107115844 A CN107115844 A CN 107115844A CN 201710446780 A CN201710446780 A CN 201710446780A CN 107115844 A CN107115844 A CN 107115844A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- dimensional grapheme
- grapheme material
- uns
- dimethylhydrazine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- RHUYHJGZWVXEHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dimethyhydrazine Chemical compound CN(C)N RHUYHJGZWVXEHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 10
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNNC DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021592 Copper(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical class [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002973 irritant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001224 moderate toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N monomethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNN HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/72—Copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种铜基三维石墨烯材料及利用其处理偏二甲肼废水的方法,解决偏二甲肼废水带来的环境污染问题。其中的铜基三维石墨烯材料,包括:制备氧化石墨烯原液;在氧化石墨烯原液中加入铜盐混合;对混合液进行超声处理;对混合液进行恒温加热;脱水形成铜基三维石墨烯材料。本发明利用铜基三维石墨烯复合材料来处理偏二甲肼废水,不仅由于三维石墨烯内部的疏水环境以及巨大的比表面积,有非常大的吸附量,更重要的是,使其与金属离子进行复合,可以发挥两者的协同作用,在吸附的同时,还可以在光照条件下催化分解偏二甲肼,从而可以达到彻底消除其污染的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明是一种废水处理领域,具体地说是一种铜基三维石墨烯材料及利用其处理偏二甲肼废水的方法。
背景技术
偏二甲肼是一种无色的易燃、易挥发、易爆、有毒液体,属于三级中等毒性。偏二甲肼作为液体火箭发动机的燃料被广泛应用于卫星、飞船等航天器的发射试验,尽管未来火箭推进剂选择向更环保的趋势发展(例如液氢、煤油),但由于技术不成熟,偏二甲肼/四氧化二氮仍将执行相当长一段时间的发射任务。在航天器发射、发动机试车以及槽车、贮罐清洗等过程中,经常产生大量的偏二甲肼废水。由于偏二甲肼具有高毒、易挥发的特性,偏二甲肼废水若不处理直接排放,将严重污染生态环境,危害人们健康,其所引发的污染已成为日益关注的环境问题。
现行处理方法
1.1自然净化法
水中偏二甲肼及其有害分解物在有自然氧和光照条件下(pH=8~9),可被分解,使污水得以净化。在污水中加入1mol/L Cu2+,作为催化剂可大大提高净化周期和净化效果。污水每个跌水部分形成水膜垂直下流,造成湍流,使污水挟带大量空气,增加了溶解氧的含量;再者,污水沿坡面形成3~5mm厚的水膜顺坡而下,减少水深,提供了阳光照射的良好条件。该方法是一种有效、经济、适用、简便、节能的污水处理方法。其缺点是:处理时间较长,对溶解氧和光照条件要求较高,污水处理池上方会有少量氨气和肼类挥发物。
1.2臭氧-紫外线-活性炭法
利用臭氧氧化作用、活性炭吸附作用和紫外线光化学作用,在紫外光照射和活性炭催化作用下,废水中污染物与臭氧发生一系列化学反应,产生氧化降解,变成有毒或低毒物质,从而达到催化目的。该方法的优点有:分解有害物彻底;耗时短,处理简单,便于操作;处理后污水可直接排放。但是,该方法只能处理低浓度污水,耗水量大,效率低,而且设备建设、管理和维护费用较高。
1.3氯化法
氯化法就是使用次氯酸盐对偏二甲肼进行中和的方法。这种方法常用在偏二甲肼发生泄漏时的污水处理。实验研究表明,氯化法不适用于高浓度的偏二甲肼污水处理。在次氯酸盐处理高浓度的偏二甲肼污水过程中会产生很多有毒的物质,放出具有刺激性的气体,而且整个反应过程缓慢。在处理低浓度的偏二甲肼时必须使用过量的次氯酸盐才可以使得处理后的液体达到国家规定的排放标准。在采用氯化法处理偏二甲肼时生成很多亚硝酸胺,这些亚硝酸铵会对环境造成二次污染,严重危害人体健康。因此氯化法在今后的发展中并不具备优势。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种铜基三维石墨烯材料及利用其处理偏二甲肼废水的方法,解决偏二甲肼废水处理过程中带来的环境污染问题。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来具体实现:
一种铜基三维石墨烯材料,包括:
制备氧化石墨烯原液;
在氧化石墨烯原液中加入铜盐混合得到混合液;
对混合液进行超声处理;
对混合液进行恒温加热;
脱水形成铜基三维石墨烯材料。
优选地,所述制备氧化石墨烯原液,包括利用石墨粉及氧化剂混合并在冰浴控制体系中搅拌均匀;
然后在油浴中反应,然后冷却;
加入双氧水并搅拌均匀,使溶液由紫红色变为黄色,静置;
加入浓盐酸,透析得到氧化石墨烯原液。
优选地,所述氧化剂为高锰酸钾粉末以及浓硫酸和浓磷酸的混合液。优选地,浓硫酸和浓磷酸按照9:1的体积比例混合;所述冰浴控制体系的温度为20℃。
所述加入浓盐酸之后,还包括:
超声处理;
离心处理,并用去离子水将下层沉淀洗出;
超声处理,然后再次离心处理取上层液,之后再透析。
优选地,所述铜盐为氯化铜粉末或溶液。
优选地,在氧化石墨烯原液中加入铜盐混合,同时还加入抗坏血酸。
优选地,所述恒温加热的温度为160-200℃,并且持续20-30小时。
优选地,所述脱水,包括加入去离子水洗涤,然后进行冷冻干燥脱水,并持续45-50小时。
一种处理偏二甲肼废水的方法,包括在偏二甲肼溶液中加入所述铜基三维石墨烯材料,置于避光环境中搅拌,静置一段时间后进行紫外灯照射或太阳光照。
本发明利用铜基三维石墨烯复合材料来处理偏二甲肼废水,不仅由于三维石墨烯内部的疏水环境以及巨大的比表面积,有非常大的吸附量,更重要的是,使其与金属离子进行复合,可以发挥两者的协同作用,在吸附的同时,还可以在光照条件下催化分解偏二甲肼,从而可以达到彻底消除其污染的目的。
石墨烯材料的性能与其形状和结构有密切联系,二维石墨烯因其独特的结构和性能在许多领域得到广泛应用,与二维晶体石墨烯相比,三维石墨烯由于具有较二维石墨烯更高的比表面积和活性,三维网络结构赋予其高比表面积、多孔结构和强大吸附性。
附图说明
图1是利用铜基三维石墨烯材料处理偏二甲肼溶液后的环境扫描电子显微镜照片;由照片可知,石墨烯以三维立体结构存在,氧化铜分散在三维石墨烯上;
图2是偏二甲肼标准溶液紫外吸收峰曲线;
图3是三维石墨烯处理偏二甲肼溶液过程紫外吸收值变化曲线;
图4是三维石墨烯处理偏二甲肼溶液过程溶液浓度曲线变化示意图;
图5是铜基三维石墨烯材料处理偏二甲肼溶液过程紫外吸收值曲线;
图6是铜基三维石墨烯处理偏二甲肼溶液过程溶液浓度曲线变化示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1-6所示,本发明实施例提供的铜基三维石墨烯的制备包括:
(一)氧化石墨烯的制备
取石墨粉3g和高锰酸钾18g,加入到浓硫酸360mL、浓磷酸40mL混合液中,冰浴控制体系温度20℃,搅拌均匀。
油浴反应24h,50℃,停止油浴反应后,自然冷却至室温;
将产物倒入事先加入冰块和适量30%H2O2的烧杯中,不断搅拌,直至溶液由紫红色变为黄色,用去H2O212mL,静置12h;
将静置后的反应液倒掉上清液,加入200mL浓HCl,超声2h后,离心处理4000r/15min倒去上清液,用去离子水将下层沉淀洗出,再超声30min,离心处理1600r/5min取上层液,倒入透析带透析,为棕黄色。
每天用去离子水透析,共10天,得到浓度为5.35mg/mL的氧化石墨烯原液。
(二)三维石墨烯及铜基三维石墨烯的制备
浓度为5.35mg/mL的氧化石墨烯原液稀释至5mg/mL,取两份50mL溶液。
取0.0844g CuCl2粉末溶解于其中一份溶液(用于制备铜基三维石墨烯),向两份溶液中分别加入0.05g抗坏血酸。
将两组溶液倒入两组100mL反应釜内胆中后将反应釜放入鼓风烘箱中180℃加热24h。
将两组内胆取出,将其中上层液抽出,加去离子水洗涤,置入冷冻干燥机干燥48h,取出后可得:
一组三维石墨烯材料(0.0986g)用于吸附实验;
一组铜基三维石墨烯材料(0.1254g)用于吸附和光催化实验。
本发明实施例提供的利用铜基三维石墨烯处理偏二甲肼废水的方法,以及对比实施例提供的利用三维石墨烯处理偏二甲肼废水的方法,如下:
①取三维石墨烯置于烧杯,加入107.45mg/L偏二甲肼溶液30mL,每隔30min测一次紫外吸收峰;
②取铜基三维石墨烯置于烧杯,加入107.45mg/L偏二甲肼溶液30mL后避光开始搅拌,30分钟后置于阳光下照射,每隔30min测一次紫外吸收峰;
根据《肼类燃料与硝基氧化剂废水处理与排放要求》(GJB 3485-98)偏二甲肼最高允许排放浓度为0.5mg/L,7小时后材料2溶液浓度达到目标值,将两组烧杯中上层液抽出,称量两组材料质量分别为:材料1(三维石墨烯):0.2992g,材料2(Cu2+/三维石墨烯):0.1941g。
将测得的两组紫外吸收峰分别与标准曲线比较,得出两组溶液浓度的变化曲线如图1-6所示,相关对比数据见下表(对比组条件为向初始浓度为101mg/L的偏二甲肼溶液中投入0.6mg/L的Cu2+):
由上述列表所显示的效果对比可知:
只加Cu2+组溶液浓度光照条件下从101mg/m3降到0.4mg/m3需要12天,避光条件下从101mg/m3降到11.3mg/m3需要42天,
只加三维石墨烯组溶液浓度避光条件下从107.45mg/L降到31.54mg/L需要7h,
同时加Cu2+/三维石墨烯组溶液浓度从107.45mg/L降到0.44mg/L需要7h。
根据实验所得数据可以明显看出Cu2+/三维石墨烯复合材料吸附及光催化处理偏二甲肼的效果远优于单独使用Cu2+或三维石墨烯,在达到国家排放标准的同时大大缩短了反应时间,将二者的优势融为一体,较现行方法具备提高处理率、降低处理成本、缩短处理时间和减少二次污染的优势。
Claims (10)
1.一种铜基三维石墨烯材料,包括:
制备氧化石墨烯原液;
在氧化石墨烯原液中加入铜盐混合;
对所述混合液进行超声处理;
对所述混合液进行恒温加热;
脱水形成铜基三维石墨烯材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的铜基三维石墨烯材料,其特征在于,所述制备氧化石墨烯原液,包括利用石墨粉和氧化剂混合并在冰浴控制体系中搅拌均匀;
然后在油浴条件下反应,然后冷却;
加入双氧水并搅拌均匀,使溶液由紫红色变为黄色,静置;
加入浓盐酸,透析得到氧化石墨烯原液。
3.如权利要求2所述的铜基三维石墨烯材料,其特征在于,所述氧化剂为高锰酸钾粉末以及浓硫酸和浓磷酸的混合液。
4.如权利要求2所述的铜基三维石墨烯材料,其特征在于,所述冰浴控制体系的温度为20℃。
5.如权利要求1所述的铜基三维石墨烯材料,其特征在于,所述加入浓盐酸之后,还包括:
离心处理,并用去离子水将下层沉淀洗出;
超声处理,然后再次离心处理取上层液,之后再透析。
6.如权利要求1所述的铜基三维石墨烯材料,其特征在于,所述铜盐为氯化铜溶液。
7.如权利要求6所述的铜基三维石墨烯材料,其特征在于,在氧化石墨烯原液中加入铜盐混合,同时还加入抗坏血酸。
8.如权利要求1所述的铜基三维石墨烯材料,其特征在于,所述恒温加热的温度为160-200℃,并且持续20-40小时。
9.如权利要求1所述的铜基三维石墨烯材料,其特征在于,所述脱水,包括加入去离子水洗涤,然后进行冷冻干燥脱水。
10.一种处理偏二甲肼废水的方法,其特征在于,包括在偏二甲肼溶液中加入所述铜基三维石墨烯材料,置于避光环境中搅拌,静置一段时间后进行紫外灯照射或太阳光照。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710446780.6A CN107115844A (zh) | 2017-06-14 | 2017-06-14 | 铜基三维石墨烯材料及利用其处理偏二甲肼废水的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710446780.6A CN107115844A (zh) | 2017-06-14 | 2017-06-14 | 铜基三维石墨烯材料及利用其处理偏二甲肼废水的方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN107115844A true CN107115844A (zh) | 2017-09-01 |
Family
ID=59718383
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710446780.6A Pending CN107115844A (zh) | 2017-06-14 | 2017-06-14 | 铜基三维石墨烯材料及利用其处理偏二甲肼废水的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN107115844A (zh) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108080033A (zh) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-29 | 东南大学 | 一种高效降解工业废水污染物的生物合法方法 |
CN111185136A (zh) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-05-22 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | 四氧化二氮吸收剂及制备方法和应用 |
CN111250041A (zh) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-06-09 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | 推进剂处理包及制备方法和应用 |
CN114307980A (zh) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-12 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | 用于处理偏二甲肼污染物的复合材料、组合物及处理方法和实验方法 |
CN116282336A (zh) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-06-23 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种石墨烯复合材料在四环素类抗生素污染处理中的应用 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2063385C1 (ru) * | 1993-10-25 | 1996-07-10 | Институт катализа им.Г.К.Борескова СО РАН | Способ очистки водных растворов от 1,1-диметилгидразина |
CN103191742A (zh) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-07-10 | 济南市供排水监测中心 | 一种碳材料负载纳米零价金属催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN104355443A (zh) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-18 | 兰州大学 | 一种含偏二甲肼的废水的处理方法 |
CN106517161A (zh) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-22 | 常州大学 | 一种水热法合成氧化铜掺氮石墨烯气凝胶的制备 |
CN106554114A (zh) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-04-05 | 中国人民解放军63605部队 | 一种过氧化氢‑臭氧‑紫外线联合处理偏二甲肼污水的方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-06-14 CN CN201710446780.6A patent/CN107115844A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2063385C1 (ru) * | 1993-10-25 | 1996-07-10 | Институт катализа им.Г.К.Борескова СО РАН | Способ очистки водных растворов от 1,1-диметилгидразина |
CN103191742A (zh) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-07-10 | 济南市供排水监测中心 | 一种碳材料负载纳米零价金属催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN104355443A (zh) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-18 | 兰州大学 | 一种含偏二甲肼的废水的处理方法 |
CN106517161A (zh) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-22 | 常州大学 | 一种水热法合成氧化铜掺氮石墨烯气凝胶的制备 |
CN106554114A (zh) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-04-05 | 中国人民解放军63605部队 | 一种过氧化氢‑臭氧‑紫外线联合处理偏二甲肼污水的方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
安正等,: ""CuO/石墨烯的制备及光电催化性能研究"", 《金属功能材料》 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108080033A (zh) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-29 | 东南大学 | 一种高效降解工业废水污染物的生物合法方法 |
CN111185136A (zh) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-05-22 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | 四氧化二氮吸收剂及制备方法和应用 |
CN111250041A (zh) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-06-09 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | 推进剂处理包及制备方法和应用 |
CN114307980A (zh) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-12 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | 用于处理偏二甲肼污染物的复合材料、组合物及处理方法和实验方法 |
CN116282336A (zh) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-06-23 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种石墨烯复合材料在四环素类抗生素污染处理中的应用 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107115844A (zh) | 铜基三维石墨烯材料及利用其处理偏二甲肼废水的方法 | |
US20220097110A1 (en) | Mechanochemical process | |
Wang et al. | Catalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole by peroxymonosulfate activation system composed of nitrogen-doped biochar from pomelo peel: Important roles of defects and nitrogen, and detoxification of intermediates | |
Sharma et al. | Fly ash for the removal of Mn (II) from aqueous solutions and wastewaters | |
Jiang et al. | Recyclable nitrogen-doped biochar via low-temperature pyrolysis for enhanced lead (II) removal | |
CN106045002A (zh) | 污泥生物炭催化过硫酸盐降解污水中有机物或氨氮的方法 | |
CN109731605B (zh) | 一种金属复合原位氮掺杂碳微球催化剂及其应用 | |
CN102000573B (zh) | 一种改性活性炭及其应用 | |
Xu et al. | Degradation of tetracycline using persulfate activated by a honeycomb structured S-doped g-C3N4/biochar under visible light | |
CN106540672A (zh) | 一种磁性多孔污泥炭载金属氧化物催化剂及其在过硫酸盐氧化反应降解偶氮染料中的应用 | |
ES2926175T3 (es) | Composición con un material de liberación prolongada para la eliminación de hidrocarburos halogenados de entornos contaminados y procedimiento de remediación de suelos in situ utilizando dicha composición | |
CN110203994A (zh) | 利用多层级孔生物炭激活过硫酸盐降解有机污染物的方法 | |
CN104998620A (zh) | 一种改性花生壳生物炭/聚合氯化铝污泥复合吸附材料 | |
CN108607507A (zh) | 一种降解染料的高稳定性生物炭基碳化铁的制备方法 | |
CN101716491A (zh) | 利用湖泊底泥炭化制备重金属吸附剂的方法 | |
CN109248654A (zh) | 一种铁基三维石墨烯自支撑材料及其活化过硫酸盐去除水中农药污染物的方法 | |
CN102794183A (zh) | 一种负载活性炭的制备方法及其用途 | |
Dan et al. | MgO-supported CuO with encapsulated structure for enhanced peroxymonosulfate activation to remove thiamphenicol | |
Wang et al. | Preparation of coal fly ash-based Fenton-like catalyst and its application for the treatment of organic wastewater under microwave assistance | |
Liang et al. | Breaking rate-limiting steps in a red mud-sewage sludge carbon catalyst activated peroxymonosulfate system: Effect of pyrolysis temperature | |
Zhang et al. | Potassium permanganate modification of hydrochar enhances sorption of Pb (II), Cu (II), and Cd (II) | |
Chai et al. | Upcycling contaminated biomass into metal-supported heterogeneous catalyst for electro-Fenton degradation of thiamethoxam: Preparation, mechanisms, and implications | |
Luo et al. | Enhanced adsorption complexation of biochar by nitrogen-containing functional groups | |
Liang et al. | Black carbon-mediated degradation of organic pollutants: A critical review | |
Liu et al. | CO2 capture using biochar derived from conditioned sludge via pyrolysis |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20170901 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |