CN107114833B - A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat based on multi-layer nano fluid - Google Patents
A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat based on multi-layer nano fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN107114833B CN107114833B CN201710062127.XA CN201710062127A CN107114833B CN 107114833 B CN107114833 B CN 107114833B CN 201710062127 A CN201710062127 A CN 201710062127A CN 107114833 B CN107114833 B CN 107114833B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D3/00—Overgarments
- A41D3/08—Capes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/002—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment
- A41D13/005—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment with controlled temperature
- A41D13/0051—Heated garments
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D2400/00—Functions or special features of garments
- A41D2400/10—Heat retention or warming
- A41D2400/12—Heat retention or warming using temperature-controlled means
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat based on multi-layer nano fluid.The controllable stealthy cape of Two-Dimensional Heat is by nano-fluid circular layer using x-y horizontal plane center line as axis, in x, the layer-by-layer continuation in y-axis direction is formed, by the pyromagnetic conversion or thermophysical property that control nano-fluid in different circular layers, the characteristic of its contained nano magnetic particle, structure and the chemical composition of nano particle of fluid etc., every layer of nano-fluid can be made to correspond to different bulk thermal conductivity constants, obtain the stealthy required two-dimentional thermal conductivity distribution of heat, and then make hot-fluid around behind cape region, temperature field and hot-fluid line restore original distribution, realize the stealthy function of heat, extraneous hot-fluid interference is masked to be in the object at the stealthy cape center of heat, extraneous heat flux distribution is not influenced simultaneously.Meanwhile by the bulk thermal conductivity constants of nano-fluid in each circular layer of loop control, the real-time ON/OFF performance of the stealthy cape of heat is realized, to overcome the shortcomings that stealthy cape of Two-Dimensional Heat is unable to cycling switch.
Description
Technical field
The implementation method and device of the present invention relates to a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat based on multi-layer nano fluid,
It can be applied to hot-fluid control field.
Background technique
2006, document 1: " J.B.Pendry et al, SCIENCE, 2006 (312): 1780 " were put forward for the first time using different
The direction of propagation of light wave can be manipulated to medium, realized optic camouflage clothing concept, caused the extensive concern of people, become optics
The research hotspot in field.At the same time, an expansion field as the application of optic camouflage clothing manipulates heat by artificial structure
Direction is flowed, realizes the stealthy hot issue for also quickly becoming thermodynamics field of calorifics.2013, document 2:
" R.Schittny et al, Phys.Rev.Lett.2013 (110): 195901 " have made two using copper and dimethione
Tie up circular heat cape, experimental verification stealth effect.2013, document 3: " T.Z.Yang et al, J.Phys.D:
Appl.Phys.2013 (46): 305102 " derive the hot cape transformation medium thermal conductivity with conformal random cross-sectional shape
Expression formula, and simulation analysis its thermal conduction characteristic.2014, document 4: " F.C.Mao et al, Acta
Phys.Sin.2014 (63): 014401 " has carried out research and analysis to the hot cape of arbitrary cross section cylindricality, and it is non-to be derived two dimension
The thermal conductivity expression formula of the conformal hot cape of arbitrary shape.But the design of two-dimentional calorifics stealth structure at present, do not have also adjustable
Humorous function (i.e. hot stealthy on/off function), in other words the structure of the stealthy cape of calorifics is once it is determined that its later stealth
It is unalterable for capable of will always existing, the main reason is that lacking thermal conductivity can be by the natural material of active real-time monitoring
Material, this directly restricts the further development of calorifics stealth technology.Therefore need to design the simple and practical method of one kind to calorifics
The stealthy function of heat of stealthy cape is tuned, he will have very important significance to the practical application of the stealthy cape of calorifics,
Its practicalization is promoted significantly.
Under the action of ambient light, heat, electricity, magnetic, air pressure or stress, thermal conductivity can also occur invertibity and change nano-fluid
Become.
The present invention provides a kind of controllable stealthy cape of heat of two dimension based on multi-layer nano fluid.The controllable heat of the two dimension is hidden
Body cape is by nano-fluid circular layer using x-y horizontal plane center as axis, is formed in x, the layer-by-layer continuation in y-axis direction, passes through control
The pyromagnetic conversion of nano-fluid or thermophysical property (such as thermal conductance and viscosity), contained nano-magnetic in different circular layers
The characteristic (granularity/size distribution and pattern) of grain, the structure (grain volume fraction and dispersion stabilization) and nanometer of fluid
The chemical composition etc. of grain can make every layer of nano-fluid circular layer correspond to different bulk thermal conductivity constants, realize hot stealthy required two
Thermal conductivity distribution is tieed up, and then makes hot-fluid around behind cape region, restore original distribution in temperature field, realizes the stealthy function of heat, is
The object for being in the stealthy cape center of heat masks extraneous hot-fluid interference, while not influencing extraneous heat flux distribution.Meanwhile by following
Ring controls the bulk thermal conductivity constants of nano-fluid in each circular layer, the real-time ON/OFF performance of the stealthy cape of heat is realized, to overcome
The shortcomings that stealthy cape of Two-Dimensional Heat cannot switch.The present invention is based on the controllable principles of the bulk thermal conductivity constants of nano-fluid, can be effective
Energy is saved, pseudo- ETL estimated time of loading is extended;In realization, using the widely used device such as electricity, light-operated switch, it is hidden to significantly reduce heat
The complexity and cost of body cape, practical application potentiality are big.Using the technology of the present invention, the stealthy cape of calorifics can be made most of
It is in close state (i.e. not stealthy) in time, other side is made to detect some invalid calorifics information, and opens when needed
The stealthy function of heat allows other side's detection less than its thermal signals, effectively hides various important informations, benumbs enemy, us is made to take action tool
There is emergentness.The technology can make computer chip high efficiency and heat radiation, to improve computer performance;It realizes heat illusion, confuses infrared
Detector;There is in the equipment such as spacecraft return capsule, satellite huge applications value simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: the stealthy function of heat of the stealthy cape of existing two-dimentional calorifics is overcome not have
The shortcomings that tunability (be unable to ON/OFF heat stealthy function), using this common materials of nano-fluid, providing a kind of realization can
The new technology of the stealthy cape of the two-dimentional calorifics of regulation (can ON/OFF), so that system has, structure is simple, speed is fast, convenient for operation, energy
Consume small, strong real-time and the advantages such as cost of implementation is low.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat based on multi-layer nano fluid, including substrate layer, insulation are spaced circular layer, receive
Metallic film cover plate, control unit and supply unit composition above meter Liu Ti circular layer, nano-fluid circular layer;
The controllable stealthy cape of Two-Dimensional Heat by nano-fluid circular layer using x-y horizontal plane center as axis, in x, y-axis direction
Layer-by-layer continuation is formed, and is stamped metallic film cover plate above each nano-fluid circular layer, has between each nano-fluid circular layer
The circular layer isolation of insulation interval;
Substrate layer is carved with multi-layer annular slot, for carrying nano-fluid, realizes nano-fluid circular layer, the target being hidden is set
In the center of two-dimentional multi-layer nano fluid circular layer;
Metallic film coverslip surface connecting wire, the conducting wire other end successively pass through control unit and supply unit ground connection, lead to
Manipulation control unit is crossed, regulates and controls supply unit to the action time of every layer of nano-fluid circular layer, and then control different nano-fluids
The pyromagnetic conversion of nano-fluid or thermophysical property (such as thermal conductance and viscosity) in circular layer, contained nano magnetic particle
Characteristic (granularity/size distribution and pattern), the structure (grain volume fraction and dispersion stabilization) of fluid and nano particle
Chemical composition etc. makes every layer of nano-fluid circular layer correspond to different bulk thermal conductivity constants, realizes the stealthy required two-dimentional thermal conductivity of heat
Distribution, and then after so that hot-fluid is bypassed two-dimentional cape region, original distribution is restored in temperature field, realizes the stealthy function of heat.
The shape of the nano-fluid circular layer is annulus, elliptical ring, square ring, straight-flanked ring or six side rings, each nanometer
Fluid circular layer independent control and work;The nano-fluid is to be dissolved in solution by appearance matter to be formed, wherein solute includes metal
Oxide and metal nitride such as titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, silver oxide and aluminium nitride etc., metal
Such as gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminium, other media such as semiconductor material, carbon nanotube, diamond and ceramic particle etc.;Solution includes
Water, alcohol and oils etc.;The width of nano-fluid circular layer is 1 μm~10cm, with a thickness of 20nm~10cm.
The metallic film cover plate is Al piece, Ag piece, Au piece, Cu piece or Ni piece, and width is 1 μm~10cm, thickness
For 20nm~10cm.
The material of the insulation interval circular layer is calcium silicates, polyalcohol/polyisocyanates, hard polyurethane foams modeling
Material, polystyrene foam plastics, foam glass, In2O3, SnO2 or ITO, width be 1nm~10cm, with a thickness of 1nm~
10cm。
The substrate layer is polyimides, plastics, BK7 optical glass, SiO2, Si3N4 or Al2O3.
The control unit is automatically controlled, light-operated, acoustic control or magnetic switch;The supply unit is electric energy, thermal energy, light
Energy, vacuum pressure or nuclear energy;
The multi-layer nano fluid circular layer structure is realized by Material growth technique, including electron beam evaporation, metal have
Machine compound chemical gaseous phase deposition, vapor phase epitaxial growth and molecular beam epitaxial method.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention is based on the controllable principles of Thermal Conductivities of Nanofluids coefficient, can effectively save energy
Amount extends pseudo- ETL estimated time of loading;In realization, using the widely used device such as electricity, light-operated switch, the stealthy cape of heat is significantly reduced
Complexity and cost, practical application potentiality are big.The technology can make computer chip high efficiency and heat radiation, to improve computer
Energy;It realizes heat illusion, confuses infrared detector;There is in the equipment such as spacecraft return capsule, satellite huge applications value simultaneously.
The present invention provides a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat based on nano-fluid, can by it is outer power-up, heat,
Light, vacuum pressure or magnetic field change the thermal conductivity distribution of this common materials of nano-fluid, provide it is a kind of realize it is controllable (can
ON/OFF) the two-dimentional stealthy cape of calorifics new technology so that system has, structure is simple, speed is fast, small, real convenient for operation, energy consumption
The advantages such as Shi Xingqiang and cost of implementation are low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 (a) is that a kind of controllable stealthy cape of heat of two dimension based on N layers of (N >=1) nano-fluid provided by the invention is cut
Face figure.
Fig. 1 (b) is that a kind of controllable stealthy cape of heat of two dimension based on N layers of (N >=1) nano-fluid provided by the invention is bowed
View.
Fig. 2 (a) is substrate layer schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 (b) is N layers of (N >=1) nano-fluid circular layer schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 (c) is N layer (N >=1) nano-fluid circular layer substrate layer schematic diagram for adding metallic film cover plate.
Fig. 2 (d) is the controllable stealthy cape schematic diagram of heat of two dimension.
Fig. 3 (a) is that a kind of controllable stealthy cape of heat of two dimension based on N layers of (N >=1) nano-fluid provided by the invention exists
The stealthy function of heat opens up under state the heat flux distribution situation of (when i.e. nano-fluid is in different thermal conductivities).
Fig. 3 (b) is that a kind of controllable stealthy cape of heat of two dimension based on N layers of (N >=1) nano-fluid provided by the invention exists
The heat flux distribution situation of (when i.e. nano-fluid is in different thermal conductivities) under the stealthy function closed state of heat.
In figure: 1 substrate layer;2N layers of (N >=1) nano-fluid circular layer;3 nano-fluid circular layers;
4 metallic film cover plates;5 insulation interval circular layers;The 6 stealthy regions of heat;7 conducting wires;8 control units;
9 supply units;10 ground wires;11 thermoisopleths.
Specific embodiment
To be more clear the content of technical solution of the present invention, this is described in detail below in conjunction with technical solution and attached drawing
The specific embodiment of invention.Material growth technology therein includes: electron beam evaporation, metallo-organic compound chemical vapor deposition
It forms sediment, the common technologies such as vapor phase epitaxial growth and molecular beam epitaxy technique.Mask process therein includes electron beam exposure and focusing
The common technologies such as ion beam exposure.Etching technics therein includes wet etching and dry etching, as acid system etching, electron beam are carved
The conventional process such as erosion, focused-ion-beam lithography and reactive ion beam etching (RIBE).
Embodiment 1
Firstly, by Material growth technique and mask process, designed multilayer loop channel etching is (attached on substrate 1
Fig. 2 (a)), i.e., it is formed from the inside to the outside in x, the layer-by-layer periodic extension in y-axis direction using x-y horizontal plane center as axis, then corresponding
Nano-fluid layer 3 and insulation wall 5 are alternately injected in annular channel, realize N layers of 2 (attached drawing 2 of nano-fluid circular layer (N >=1)
(b)), sheet metal 4 covers the upper surface in N layers of nano-fluid circular layer (N >=1) 2, for encapsulating nano-fluid and importing extraneous sharp
It encourages (attached drawing 2 (c)), each 4 upper surface of metal cover plate is associated with conducting wire 7, and the other end of conducting wire 7 is by control unit 8 and energy supply
Unit 9 is grounded 10 (attached drawings 2 (d)).
Wherein, the design of nano-fluid circular layer can use finite time-domain calculus of finite differences, FInite Element scheduling algorithm.Sheet metal
4 cover in the upper surface in N layers of nano-fluid circular layer 2, for encapsulating nano-fluid and importing dynamic excitation.
Each 4 upper surface of metal cover plate is associated with conducting wire 7, and the other end of conducting wire 7 passes through control unit 8 and supply unit 9
Ground line 10 can regulate and control supply unit 9 to the action time of every layer of nano-fluid circular layer, in turn by manipulating control unit 8
Control the pyromagnetic conversion of nano-fluid or thermophysical property (such as thermal conductance and viscosity), contained nano magnetic in different circular layers
The characteristic (granularity/size distribution and pattern) of property particle, the structure (grain volume fraction and dispersion stabilization) of fluid and receives
The chemical composition etc. of rice grain can make every layer of nano-fluid circular layer correspond to different bulk thermal conductivity constants, needed for realizing that heat is stealthy
The distribution of two-dimentional thermal conductivity, and then make hot-fluid around behind cape region, temperature field and thermoisopleth restore original distribution, realize heat
Stealthy function.Finally realize a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat based on multi-layer nano fluid circular layer.
As shown in figure 3, when the nano-fluid hair in a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat based on multi-layer nano fluid
The structure (grain volume fraction and dispersion stabilization) of raw characteristics of nanoparticles (granularity/size distribution and pattern), fluid and
The variation of the chemical composition of nano particle, bulk thermal conductivity constants distribution can also change, and then realize the regulation of direction of heat flow,
Including opening the stealthy function of heat: the object for being as in the stealthy cape center of heat masks extraneous hot-fluid interference, while not influencing
Extraneous heat flux distribution is not detected by the external world, i.e., hot-fluid is not by changing its thermoisopleth (such as Fig. 3 (a) institute after the stealthy cape of the heat
Show);Close the stealthy function of heat: i.e. hot-fluid is changed by its thermoisopleth after the stealthy cape of the heat, is caused in the stealthy cape of heat
The object put at the heart can be detected by the external world (shown in such as Fig. 3 (b)).
The above is the technical principle and specific example that the present invention applies, the equivalent change done according to the concept of the present invention
Change, if its scheme for being used still covered without departing from the description and the appended drawings spirit when, should all within the scope of the invention,
Illustrate hereby.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat based on multi-layer nano fluid, which is characterized in that the controllable Two-Dimensional Heat is hidden
Body cape includes substrate layer, insulation interval circular layer, nano-fluid circular layer, the metallic film cover plate above nano-fluid circular layer, control
Unit and supply unit processed;
The controllable stealthy cape of Two-Dimensional Heat by nano-fluid circular layer using x-y horizontal plane center as axis, it is layer-by-layer in x, y-axis direction
Continuation is formed, and is stamped metallic film cover plate above each nano-fluid circular layer, has insulation between each nano-fluid circular layer
It is spaced circular layer isolation;
Substrate layer is carved with multi-layer annular slot, for carrying nano-fluid, realizes nano-fluid circular layer, the target being hidden is placed in two
Tie up the center of multi-layer nano fluid circular layer;
Metallic film coverslip surface connecting wire, the conducting wire other end successively pass through control unit and supply unit ground connection, pass through behaviour
Control unit is controlled, regulates and controls supply unit to the action time of every layer of nano-fluid circular layer, and then control different nano-fluid circular layers
The pyromagnetic conversion of middle nano-fluid or thermophysical property, the characteristic of contained nano magnetic particle, the structure of fluid and nanometer
The chemical composition of particle makes every layer of nano-fluid circular layer correspond to different bulk thermal conductivity constants, realizes the stealthy required Two-Dimensional Heat of heat
Conductance distribution, and then after so that hot-fluid is bypassed two-dimentional cape region, original distribution is restored in temperature field, realizes the stealthy function of heat.
2. the stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nano-fluid circular layer
Shape is annulus, elliptical ring, straight-flanked ring or six side rings, each nano-fluid circular layer independent control and work;The nanometer stream
Body is to be dissolved in solution by holding matter and formed, wherein solute include metal oxide, metal nitride, metal, semiconductor material,
Carbon nanotube, diamond and ceramic particle;Solution includes water, alcohol and oils;The width of nano-fluid circular layer be 1 μm~
10cm, with a thickness of 20nm~10cm.
3. the stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the metal foil membrane cover
Piece is Al piece, Ag piece, Au piece, Cu piece or Ni piece, and width is 1 μm~10cm, with a thickness of 20nm~10cm.
4. the stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the insulation spacer ring
Layer material be calcium silicates, rigid polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam plastics, foam glass, In2O3, SnO2 or
ITO, width are 1nm~10cm, with a thickness of 1nm~10cm.
5. the stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the insulation interval circular layer
Material is calcium silicates, rigid polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam plastics, foam glass, In2O3, SnO2 or ITO,
Width is 1nm~10cm, with a thickness of 1nm~10cm.
6. according to claim 1, the controllable stealthy cape of Two-Dimensional Heat described in 2 or 5, which is characterized in that the substrate layer is
Plastics, BK7 optical glass, SiO2, Si3N4 or Al2O3.
7. the stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the substrate layer be plastics,
BK7 optical glass, SiO2, Si3N4 or Al2O3.
8. the stealthy cape of controllable Two-Dimensional Heat according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the substrate layer be plastics,
BK7 optical glass, SiO2, Si3N4 or Al2O3.
9. according to claim 1, the controllable stealthy cape of Two-Dimensional Heat described in 2,5,7 or 8, which is characterized in that the control
Unit is automatically controlled, light-operated, acoustic control or magnetic switch;The supply unit is electric energy, thermal energy or luminous energy.
10. according to claim 1, the controllable stealthy cape of Two-Dimensional Heat described in 2,5,7 or 8, which is characterized in that the multilayer
Nano-fluid circular layer is realized by Material growth technique, including electron beam evaporation, metallo-organic compound chemical gaseous phase deposition, gas
Phase epitaxy growth or molecular beam epitaxial method.
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