CN106959052B - A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multi-layer graphene circular layer - Google Patents
A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multi-layer graphene circular layer Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
- F41H3/02—Flexible, e.g. fabric covers, e.g. screens, nets characterised by their material or structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of stealthy capes of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multi-layer graphene circular layer.The controllable stealthy cape of Three Dimensional Thermal covers shell by the surface that graphene forms and realizes.Wherein, surface covering shell is superimposed composition from bottom to top for multiple graphene circular layers, by the fermi-distribution for controlling graphene in different circular layers, the bulk thermal conductivity constants that every layer of correspondence can be made different, obtain the stealthy required three-dimensional thermal conductivity distribution of heat, and then after hot-fluid is made to bypass cape region, temperature field and thermoisopleth restore original distribution, realize the stealthy function of heat.Meanwhile by the fermi-distribution of graphene in each circular layer of loop control, the real-time ON/OFF performance of the stealthy cape of heat is realized, so as to overcome the shortcomings that stealthy cape of heat is unable to cycling switch.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implementation methods and dress of the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multi-layer graphene circular layer
It puts, can be applied to hot-fluid control field.
Background technology
2006, document 1：“J.B.Pendry et al,SCIENCE,2006(312):1780 " are put forward for the first time using different
The direction of propagation of light wave can be manipulated to medium, optic camouflage clothing concept is realized, causes the extensive concern of people, become optics
The research hotspot in field.At the same time, as an expansion field of optic camouflage clothing application, i.e., heat is manipulated by artificial structure
Direction is flowed, realizes the stealthy hot issue for also quickly becoming thermodynamics field of calorifics.2013, document 2：
“R.Schittny et al,Phys.Rev.Lett.2013(110):195901 " have made two using copper and dimethione
Tie up circular heat cape, experimental verification stealth effect.2013, document 3：“T.Z.Yang et al,J.Phys.D:
Appl.Phys.2013(46):305102 " derive the hot cape transformation medium thermal conductivity with conformal random cross-sectional shape
Expression formula, and simulation analysis its thermal conduction characteristic.2014, document 4：“F.C.Mao et al,Acta
Phys.Sin.2014(63):014401 " has carried out research and analysis to the hot cape of arbitrary cross section cylindricality, and it is non-to be derived two dimension
The thermal conductivity expression formula of the conformal hot cape of arbitrary shape.But the design of calorifics stealth structure at present, it is mostly based on two dimensional surface
Structural model emulates and experiment test, the three-dimensional stealthy cape of calorifics are then rarely reported.
In addition, the stealthy cape of current calorifics does not have tunable function (i.e. the stealthy on/off function of heat) also, sentence is changed
The structure of the stealthy cape of calorifics is talked about once it is determined that it is unalterable, main original that its Stealth Fighter, which will always exist, later
Can be by the natural material of active real-time monitoring because being a lack of thermal conductivity, this directly restricts the further hair of calorifics stealth technology
Exhibition.Therefore the stealthy function of heat of designing a kind of simple and practical method stealthy cape to calorifics is needed to be tuned, he will be to heat
The practical application for learning stealthy cape has very important significance, and promotes its practicalization significantly.
Grapheme material is most studied at present, the most ripe two-dimensional material.In ambient light, heat, electricity, magnetic or answer
Under the action of power, the fermi level size and location of grapheme material can be tuned actively, and along with grapheme material
Reversible change can also occur for the change of fermi level size and location, bulk thermal conductivity constants.
The present invention provides a kind of controllable stealthy cape of heat based on multi-layer graphene circular layer.The controllable heat of the three-dimensional is stealthy
Cape covers shell by the surface that graphene forms and realizes.Wherein, surface covering shell for multiple graphene circular layers from lower and
Upper superposition is formed, by controlling the fermi-distribution of graphene in different circular layers, thermal conductivity that every layer of correspondence can be made different
Coefficient obtains the stealthy required three-dimensional thermal conductivity distribution of heat, and then makes hot-fluid temperature field and thermoisopleth are extensive around behind cape region
The distribution of coming is restored, realizes the stealthy function of heat.Meanwhile by the fermi level size in each graphene circular layer of loop control and
The real-time ON/OFF performance of the stealthy cape of heat is realized in position, so as to overcome the shortcomings that stealthy cape of heat cannot switch.The present invention
The principle that fermi level based on graphene circular layer is actively tuned by cycle can effectively save energy, extend pseudo- ETL estimated time of loading；
In realization, using the widely used device such as electricity, light-operated switch, the complexity and cost of the stealthy cape of heat are significantly reduced, it is real
Border application potential is big.Using the technology of the present invention, the stealthy cape of calorifics can be made to be closed in most of time (i.e. not
It is stealthy), other side is made to detect some invalid calorifics information, and open when needed the stealthy function of heat allow other side's detection less than
Its thermal signals effectively hides various important informations, benumbs enemy, us is made, which to take action, has emergentness.The technology can make calculating
Movement piece high efficiency and heat radiation, so as to improve computer performance；It realizes heat illusion, confuses infrared detector；It is returned simultaneously in spacecraft
There is huge applications value in the equipment such as cabin, satellite.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：Overcome the stealthy cape of existing calorifics be mostly based on two-dimension plane structure,
Do not have the shortcomings that tunability (being unable to the stealthy function of ON/OFF heat) with the stealthy function of heat of the stealthy cape of calorifics, utilize stone
This common materials of black alkene provide a kind of new technology for realizing the stealthy cape of controllable (can ON/OFF) three-dimensional calorifics so that system
Have that simple in structure, speed is fast, easy to operation, energy consumption is small, the real-time advantages such as low with cost of implementation.
Technical scheme of the present invention：
A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multi-layer graphene circular layer, including substrate layer, adiabatic wall, stone
Surface covering circular layer, internal supporting shell, control unit and the supply unit of black alkene circular layer composition；Surface covering circular layer is multiple stones
Black alkene circular layer is superimposed composition from bottom to top, has adiabatic wall to be isolated between each two graphene circular layer；At internal supporting shell
On the inside of multi-layer graphene circular layer, for carrying multi-layer graphene circular layer, the target being hidden is positioned over the chamber of internal supporting shell
It is interior；Internal supporting shell is contacted with graphene circular layer, while internal supporting shell corresponds at each graphene circular layer and is drilled with aperture,
Small aperture is 1 μm~1cm, depth is 1 μm~10cm；Conducting wire in aperture, conducting wire one end are connected on graphene circular layer,
The other end is grounded successively by control unit and supply unit, by manipulating control unit, can regulate and control supply unit to every layer
The actuation duration of graphene circular layer, and then the fermi-distribution of graphene in different graphene circular layers is controlled, every layer can be made
Graphene circular layer corresponds to different bulk thermal conductivity constants, realizes the stealthy required three-dimensional thermal conductivity distribution of heat, and then bypass hot-fluid
Behind cape region, temperature field and thermoisopleth restore original distribution, realize the stealthy function of heat.
The shape of the graphene circular layer be hemisphere, cone, cosine body, positive body with cord, cylinder, semiellipsoid,
Square, cuboid or hexahedron, each graphene circular layer can independent control and work；The graphene circular layer is by M
Layer carbon atomic layer is formed, wherein 1≤M≤1000, width is 1 μm~10cm, thickness is 20nm~10cm.
The adiabatic wall is calcium silicates, polyalcohol/polyisocyanates, rigid polyurethane foam, polyphenyl second
Alkene foamed plastics, foam glass, In2O3、SnO2Or ITO, width is 1nm~10cm, thickness is 1nm~10cm.
The inside supporting shell is polyimides, plastics, BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3；The substrate
Layer is BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3。
The control unit is automatically controlled, light-operated, acoustic control or magnetic switch；The supply unit is electric energy, thermal energy, light
Energy or nuclear energy.
The multi-layer graphene structure is realized by Material growth technique, is closed including electron beam evaporation, Organometallic
Object chemical gaseous phase deposition, vapor phase epitaxial growth and molecular beam epitaxial method.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention is based on the controllable principles of fermi level in graphene circular layer, can effectively save
Energy is saved, extends pseudo- ETL estimated time of loading；In realization, using the widely used device such as electricity, light-operated switch, it is stealthy to significantly reduce heat
The complexity and cost of cape, practical application potentiality are big.The technology can make computer chip high efficiency and heat radiation, so as to improve computer
Performance；It realizes heat illusion, confuses infrared detector；There is huge applications valency in the equipment such as spacecraft return capsule, satellite simultaneously
Value.
The present invention provides a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multi-layer graphene circular layer, can be by additional
Electricity, heat, light or magnetic field are distributed the thermal conductivity for changing graphene circular layer this common materials, provide it is a kind of realize it is controllable (can
ON/OFF) the three-dimensional stealthy cape of calorifics new technology so that system has that simple in structure, speed is fast, easy to operation, energy consumption is small, real
The advantages such as Shi Xingqiang and cost of implementation are low.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is a kind of stealthy cape section of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal for being based on N layers of (N >=1) graphene provided by the invention
Figure.
Fig. 1 (b) is that a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on N layers of (N >=1) graphene provided by the invention is overlooked
Figure.
Fig. 2 (a) is internal supporting shell schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 (b) is N layer graphenes circular layer (N >=1) schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 (c) is the stealthy cape schematic diagram of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal.
Fig. 3 (a) is a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on N layers of (N >=1) graphene provided by the invention in heat
Stealthy function opens up under state the heat flux distribution situation of (i.e. graphene is in different fermi-distributions).
Fig. 3 (b) is a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on N layers of (N >=1) graphene provided by the invention in heat
The heat flux distribution situation of (i.e. graphene is in different fermi-distributions) under stealthy function closed state.
In figure：1 substrate layer；2N layer graphenes circular layer (N >=1)；3 graphene circular layer surfaces cover circular layer；
4 walls；5 inside supporting shells；6 apertures；7 conducting wires；8 control units；9 supply units；
10 ground wires；11 thermoisopleths.
Specific embodiment
Content to cause technical scheme of the present invention is more clear, this is described in detail below in conjunction with technical solution and attached drawing
The specific embodiment of invention.Material growth technology therein includes：Electron beam evaporation, metallo-organic compound chemical vapor deposition
It forms sediment, the common technologies such as vapor phase epitaxial growth and molecular beam epitaxy technique.Mask process therein includes electron beam exposure and focusing
The common technologies such as ion beam exposure.Etching technics therein includes wet etching and dry etching, as acid system etching, electron beam are carved
The conventional process such as erosion, focused-ion-beam lithography and reactive ion beam etching (RIBE).
Embodiment 1
First, internal supporting shell 5 is formed on substrate 1 using Material growth technique, as shown in attached drawing 2 (a)；
Then, by Material growth technique and mask process, by designed graphene circular layer in substrate 1 and internal support
The outer surface of shell 5 is successively superimposed from the bottom to top, N layer graphenes surface circular layer structure 2 is realized, as shown in attached drawing 2 (b).Wherein, stone
Finite time-domain calculus of finite differences, FInite Element scheduling algorithm may be used in the design of black alkene surface circular layer and internal supporting shell.
Internal supporting shell corresponds at each graphene circular layer, is all drilled with aperture 6.Conducting wire 7 in aperture, conducting wire one end
It being connected at graphene circular layer, the other end is grounded 10 by control unit 8 and supply unit 9, by manipulating control unit 8,
Actuation duration of the supply unit 9 to every layer graphene circular layer can be regulated and controled, and then control Fermi's energy of graphene in different circular layers
Grade distribution, can make every layer graphene circular layer correspond to different bulk thermal conductivity constants, realize the stealthy required three-dimensional thermal conductivity point of heat
Cloth, and then make hot-fluid temperature field and thermoisopleth restore original distribution, realize the stealthy function of heat around behind cape region.Finally
A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multi-layer graphene circular layer is realized, as shown in attached drawing 2 (c).
As shown in figure 3, when the graphene ring in a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multi-layer graphene circular layer
Layer fermi-distribution changes, and bulk thermal conductivity constants distribution can also change, and then realize the regulation and control of direction of heat flow, real
The "ON" of the existing stealthy function of heat shields external heat so that institute's hidden objects are not detected by the external world in internal supporting shell 5,
I.e. hot-fluid is stealthy by the heat by not changing its hot-fluid line (shown in such as Fig. 3 (a)) and "Off" i.e. hot-fluid after the stealthy cape of the heat
Its hot-fluid line changes after cape, causes the interior object of putting of internal supporting shell 5 that can be detected by the external world (such as Fig. 3 (b) institutes
Show).
The above is the technical principle applied of the present invention and specific example, the equivalent change that conception according to the present invention is done
Change, if its scheme for being used still covered without departing from the description and the appended drawings spirit when, should all within the scope of the invention,
Illustrate hereby.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multi-layer graphene circular layer, which is characterized in that the controllable Three Dimensional Thermal Stealthy cape includes surface covering circular layer, internal supporting shell, the control list of substrate layer, thermal insulation wall, graphene circular layer composition Member and supply unit；Surface covering circular layer is superimposed composition from bottom to top for multiple graphene circular layers, each two graphene circular layer it Between there is adiabatic wall to be isolated；Internal supporting shell is on the inside of multi-layer graphene circular layer, for carrying multi-layer graphene circular layer, The target being hidden is positioned over the intracavitary of internal supporting shell；Internal supporting shell is contacted with graphene circular layer, while internal supporting shell Corresponding to aperture is drilled at each graphene circular layer, small aperture is 1 μm~1cm, depth is 1 μm~10cm；Pacify in aperture Conducting wire is filled, conducting wire one end is connected on graphene circular layer, and the other end is grounded successively by control unit and supply unit, passes through behaviour Control unit is controlled, regulates and controls actuation duration of the supply unit to every layer graphene circular layer, and then control stone in different graphene circular layers The fermi-distribution of black alkene makes every layer graphene circular layer correspond to different bulk thermal conductivity constants, realizes the stealthy required three-dimensional of heat Thermal conductivity is distributed, and then makes hot-fluid temperature field and thermoisopleth restore original distribution, realize the stealthy work(of heat around behind cape region Energy.
- 2. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shape of the graphene circular layer Shape is hemisphere, cone, cosine body, positive body with cord, cylinder, semiellipsoid, square, cuboid or hexahedron, each Graphene circular layer independent control and work；The graphene circular layer is made of M layers of carbon atomic layer, wherein 1≤M≤1000, Its width is 1 μm~10cm, thickness is 20nm~10cm.
- 3. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the adiabatic wall It is calcium silicates, polyalcohol/polyisocyanates, rigid polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam plastics, foam glass, In2O3、 SnO2Or ITO, width is 1nm~10cm, thickness is 1nm~10cm.
- 4. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the inside supporting shell It is plastics, BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3；The substrate layer is BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3。
- 5. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the inside supporting shell is modeling Material, BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3；The substrate layer is BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3。
- 6. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1,2 or 5, which is characterized in that the control unit It is automatically controlled, light-operated, acoustic control or magnetic switch；The supply unit is electric energy, thermal energy, luminous energy or nuclear energy.
- 7. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the control unit is electricity Control, light-operated, acoustic control or magnetic switch；The supply unit is electric energy, thermal energy, luminous energy or nuclear energy.
- 8. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the control unit is electricity Control, light-operated, acoustic control or magnetic switch；The supply unit is electric energy, thermal energy, luminous energy or nuclear energy.
- 9. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1,2,5,7 or 8, which is characterized in that the multilayer Graphene circular layer is realized by Material growth technique, including electron beam evaporation, metallo-organic compound chemical gaseous phase deposition, gas phase Epitaxial growth or molecular beam epitaxial method.
- 10. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the multi-layer graphene ring Layer is realized by Material growth technique, including electron beam evaporation, metallo-organic compound chemical gaseous phase deposition, vapor phase epitaxial growth Or molecular beam epitaxial method.
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| CN104585913A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-06 | 无锡慧思顿科技有限公司 | Water resistible and breathable human body air-conditioning intelligent garment with infrared stealth function |
| CN104464714A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-25 | 大连理工大学 | Three-dimensional sound invisible cloak structure |
| CN105043168A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-11 | 浙江大学 | Three-dimensional stealth device using electromagnetic waves |
| CN105763102A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-07-13 | 华南理工大学 | Heat conduction fiber-based tank infrared stealth system |
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