CN107065240A - A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multilayer liquid crystal material - Google Patents
A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multilayer liquid crystal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107065240A CN107065240A CN201710062120.8A CN201710062120A CN107065240A CN 107065240 A CN107065240 A CN 107065240A CN 201710062120 A CN201710062120 A CN 201710062120A CN 107065240 A CN107065240 A CN 107065240A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1313—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells specially adapted for a particular application
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D3/00—Overgarments
- A41D3/08—Capes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multilayer liquid crystal material.The surface that the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal is made up of liquid crystal material covers shell and realized.Wherein, surface covering shell is that multiple liquid crystal material circular layers are superimposed composition from bottom to top, by the crystalline axis direction for controlling liquid crystal material in different circular layers, the bulk thermal conductivity constants that every layer of correspondence can be made different, obtain the stealthy required three-dimensional thermal conductivity distribution of heat, and then hot-fluid is bypassed behind cape region, temperature field and thermoisopleth recover original distribution, realize hot stealthy function.Meanwhile, by the crystalline axis direction of liquid crystal material in each circular layer of loop control, the real-time ON/OFF performance of hot stealthy cape is realized, so as to overcome the shortcoming that hot stealthy cape is unable to cycling switch.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implementation method of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multilayer liquid crystal material and device,
It can be applied to hot-fluid control field.
Background technology
, document 1 in 2006：“J.B.Pendry et al,SCIENCE,2006(312):1780 " propose using different first
The direction of propagation of light wave can be manipulated to medium, optic camouflage clothing concept is realized, the extensive concern of people is caused, as optics
The study hotspot in field.At the same time, the expansion field applied as optic camouflage clothing, i.e., manipulate heat by artificial structure
Direction is flowed, realizing that calorifics is stealthy also quick turns into a hot issue in thermodynamics field., document 2 in 2013：
“R.Schittny et al,Phys.Rev.Lett.2013(110):195901 " have made two using copper and dimethione
Tie up circular heat cape, experimental verification stealth effect., document 3 in 2013：“T.Z.Yang et al,J.Phys.D:
Appl.Phys.2013(46):305102 " derive the hot cape conversion medium thermal conductivity with conformal random cross-sectional shape
Expression formula, and simulation analysis its thermal conduction characteristics., document 4 in 2014：“F.C.Mao et al,Acta
Phys.Sin.2014(63):014401 " has carried out research and analysis to the hot cape of arbitrary cross section cylindricality, is derived two dimension non-
The thermal conductivity expression formula of the conformal hot cape of arbitrary shape.But, the design of current calorifics stealth structure is mostly based on two dimensional surface
Structural model is emulated and experiment test, and the three-dimensional stealthy cape of calorifics is then rarely reported.
In addition, the stealthy cape of current calorifics does not possess tunable function (i.e. the stealthy on/off function of heat) also, sentence is changed
The structure of the stealthy cape of calorifics is talked about once it is determined that its Stealth Fighter will be always in the presence of being unalterable later, it is main former
Can be by the natural material of active real-time monitoring because being a lack of thermal conductivity, this directly governs the further hair of calorifics stealth technology
Exhibition.Therefore a kind of simple and practical method of design is needed to be tuned the hot stealthy function of the stealthy cape of calorifics, he will be to heat
The practical application for learning stealthy cape is had very important significance, and its practicalization is promoted significantly.
In the presence of ambient light, heat, electricity, magnetic or stress, the crystalline axis direction of liquid crystal material can occur it is reversible, it is and adjoint
The change of crystalline axis direction, reversible change can also occur for its dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity.
The present invention provides a kind of stealthy cape of controllable heat based on multilayer liquid crystal material.The stealthy bucket of three-dimensional controllable heat
The surface that paulin is made up of liquid crystal material covers shell and realized.Wherein, covering shell in surface is multiple liquid crystal material circular layers under
And upper superposition is constituted, by controlling the crystalline axis direction of liquid crystal material in different circular layers, the thermal conductivity that every layer of correspondence can be made different
Coefficient, obtains the stealthy required three-dimensional thermal conductivity distribution of heat, and then hot-fluid is bypassed behind cape region, and temperature field and thermoisopleth are extensive
The distribution of coming is restored, hot stealthy function is realized.Meanwhile, it is real by the crystalline axis direction of liquid crystal material in each circular layer of loop control
The real-time ON/OFF performance of existing hot stealthy cape, so as to overcome the shortcoming that hot stealthy cape can not be switched.The present invention is based on liquid crystal
The controllable principle of material crystalline axis direction, can effectively save energy, the pseudo- ETL estimated time of loading of extension；In realization, using electricity, light-operated switch etc.
Widely used device, significantly reduces the complexity and cost of hot stealthy cape, and practical application potentiality are big.Use skill of the present invention
Art, can make the stealthy cape of calorifics be closed (i.e. not stealthy) in most of time, other side is detected some nothings
Calorifics information is imitated, and hot stealthy function is opened when needing and allows other side's detection less than its thermal signals, is effectively hidden various
Important information, benumbs enemy, and us is taken action has emergentness.The technology can make computer chip high efficiency and heat radiation, so as to improve
Computing power；Heat illusion is realized, infrared detector is confused；Have simultaneously in the equipment such as spacecraft return capsule, satellite huge
Application value.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：Overcome the stealthy cape of existing calorifics be mostly based on two-dimension plane structure,
Do not possess the shortcoming of tunability (being unable to the stealthy function of ON/OFF heat) with the hot stealthy function of the stealthy cape of calorifics, utilize liquid
There is provided the new technology that one kind realizes the stealthy cape of the three-dimensional calorifics of controllable (can ON/OFF) for this common materials of brilliant material so that is
System possesses that simple in construction, speed is fast, be easy to operation, energy consumption small, real-time and the low advantage of cost of implementation.
Technical solution of the present invention：
A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multilayer liquid crystal material, including substrate layer, adiabatic wall, liquid crystal
The surface covering circular layer of material circular layer composition, the thin metal layer paster for investing liquid crystal material circular layer inwall, internal supporting shell, control
Unit and supply unit；Surface covering circular layer is that multiple liquid crystal material circular layers are superimposed composition, each liquid crystal material ring from bottom to top
There is adiabatic wall to isolate between the layer equal metal clad thin layer paster of inner wall surface, each two liquid crystal material circular layer；Inside branch
Support shell to be on the inside of multilayer liquid crystal material circular layer, for carrying multilayer liquid crystal material circular layer, the target being hidden is positioned over inside
The intracavitary of supporting shell；Internal supporting shell is contacted with thin metal layer paster, while internal supporting shell is pasted corresponding to each thin metal layer
All it is drilled with aperture at piece, small aperture is that 1 μm~1cm, depth are 1 μm~10cm；Conducting wire in aperture, the connection of wire one end
On thin metal layer paster, the other end sequentially passes through control unit and supply unit ground connection, by manipulating control unit, can adjust
Heat time of the supply unit to every layer of liquid crystal material circular layer is controlled, and then controls the crystalline substance of liquid crystal material in different liquid crystal material circular layers
Direction of principal axis, the bulk thermal conductivity constants that every layer of liquid crystal material circular layer correspondence can be made different realize the stealthy required three-dimensional thermal conductivity of heat
Distribution, and then hot-fluid is bypassed behind cape region, temperature field and thermoisopleth recover original distribution, realize hot stealthy function.
The shape of described liquid crystal material circular layer is hemisphere, cone, cosine body, positive body with cord, cylinder, semiellipse
Body, square, cuboid or hexahedron, each liquid crystal material circular layer can independent control and work；Described liquid crystal material ring
Layer is nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, cholesteric liquid crystal, dish-like liquid crystal, thermotropic liquid crystal, reappearance liquid crystal, chiral liquid crystal, negative
Property liquid crystal, end alkenes liquid crystal, miazines liquid crystal, fluoro liquid crystals, alkyne type liquid crystal, ethane's liquid crystal or cyclohexylbenzene class liquid
Crystalline substance, its width is that 1 μm~10cm, thickness are 20nm~10cm；
Described thin metal layer paster is Al pieces, Ag pieces, Au pieces, Cu pieces or Ni pieces, and its width is 1 μm~10cm, thickness
For 20nm~10cm.
Described adiabatic wall is calcium silicates, polyalcohol/polyisocyanates, RPUF, polyphenyl second
Alkene foamed plastics, foam glass, In2O3、SnO2Or ITO, width is 1nm~10cm, thickness for 1nm~10cm.
Described inside supporting shell is polyimides, plastics, BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3；；Described substrate
Layer is BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3。
Described control unit is automatically controlled, light-operated, acoustic control or magnetic switch；Described supply unit is electric energy, heat energy, light
Energy or nuclear energy.
Described multilayer liquid crystal material circular layer is realized by Material growth technique, including electron beam evaporation, Organometallic
Compound chemical gaseous phase deposition, vapor phase epitaxial growth and molecular beam epitaxial method.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention is based on the variable principle of liquid crystal material crystalline axis direction, can effectively save energy,
The pseudo- ETL estimated time of loading of extension；In realization, using the widely used device such as electricity, light-operated switch, hot stealthy cape is significantly reduced
Complexity and cost, practical application potentiality are big.The technology can make computer chip high efficiency and heat radiation, so as to improve computing power；
Heat illusion is realized, infrared detector is confused；In the equipment such as spacecraft return capsule, satellite there are huge applications to be worth simultaneously.
The present invention provides a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multilayer liquid crystal material, can by outer power-up,
Controllable (can ON/OFF) is realized in heat, light or magnetic field to changing the thermal conductivity distributions of liquid crystal material this common materials there is provided one kind
The new technology of the three-dimensional stealthy cape of calorifics so that system possesses that simple in construction, speed is fast, be easy to operation, energy consumption small, real-time
With the low advantage of cost of implementation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 (a) cuts for the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal that one kind that the present invention is provided is based on N layers of (N >=1) liquid crystal material
Face figure.
Fig. 1 (b) bows for the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal that one kind that the present invention is provided is based on N layers of (N >=1) liquid crystal material
View.
Fig. 2 (a) is internal supporting shell schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 (b) is N layers of (N >=1) liquid crystal material circular layer schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 (c) is the stealthy cape schematic diagram of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal.
Fig. 3 (a) exists for the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal that one kind that the present invention is provided is based on N layers of (N >=1) liquid crystal material
The stealthy function of heat opens up under state the heat flux distribution situation of (i.e. liquid crystal material is in different crystalline axis directions).
Fig. 3 (b) exists for the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal that one kind that the present invention is provided is based on N layers of (N >=1) liquid crystal material
The heat flux distribution situation of (i.e. liquid crystal material is in different crystalline axis directions) under the stealthy function closed mode of heat.
In figure：1 substrate layer；
The 2 stealthy capes of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on N layers of (N >=1) liquid crystal material circular layer；
3 thin metal layer pasters；4 adiabatic walls；5 inside supporting shells；6 hot stealthy regions；7 apertures；
8 wires；9 control units；10 supply units；11 ground wires；12 thermoisopleths.
Embodiment
To cause the content of technical scheme to become apparent from, this is described in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing
The embodiment of invention.Material growth technology therein includes：Electron beam evaporation, metallo-organic compound chemical vapor deposition
The common technologies such as shallow lake, vapor phase epitaxial growth, and molecular beam epitaxy technique.Mask process therein includes electron beam exposure and focusing
The common technologies such as ion beam exposure.Etching technics therein includes wet etching and dry etching, and such as acid system etching, electron beam are carved
The conventional process such as erosion, focused-ion-beam lithography and reactive ion beam etching (RIBE).
Embodiment 1
First, internal supporting shell 5 is formed on substrate 1 using Material growth technique, such as shown in accompanying drawing 2 (a)；
Then, by Material growth technique and mask process, by designed liquid crystal material circular layer in substrate 1 and internal branch
The outer surface of support shell 5 is successively superimposed from the bottom to top, N layers of liquid crystal material surface covering circular layer 2 is realized, such as shown in accompanying drawing 2 (b).Its
In, the design of liquid crystal material surface circular layer and internal supporting shell can use finite time-domain calculus of finite differences, FInite Element scheduling algorithm.Gold
Category thin layer paster 3 is formed on internal ring wall and internal supporting shell that N layers of chalcogenide surface cover circular layer 2 by coating process
Between 5 outer wall.
Internal supporting shell corresponds at each thin metal layer paster 3, is all drilled with aperture 7.Conducting wire 8 in aperture, wire
One end is connected on thin metal layer paster 3, and the other end passes through control unit 9 and the ground wire 11 of supply unit 10, is controlled by manipulating
Unit 9 processed, can regulate and control the heat time of 10 pairs of every layer of liquid crystal materials of supply unit, and then control liquid crystal material in different circular layers
Crystalline axis direction, the bulk thermal conductivity constants that every layer of liquid crystal material circular layer correspondence can be made different realize the stealthy required Three Dimensional Thermal of heat
Conductance is distributed, and then hot-fluid is bypassed behind cape region, and temperature field and thermoisopleth recover original distribution, realize hot stealthy work(
Energy.A kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multilayer liquid crystal material is finally realized, shown in such as accompanying drawing 2 (c).
As shown in figure 3, when the liquid crystal material in a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multilayer liquid crystal material
Crystalline axis direction changes, and the distribution of its bulk thermal conductivity constants can also change, and then realizes the regulation and control of direction of heat flow, realizes that heat is hidden
The "ON" of body function is the external heat of shielding so that institute's hidden objectses are not detected by the external world in internal supporting shell 5, i.e. hot-fluid
After not changing its thermoisopleth (shown in such as Fig. 3 (a)) and "Off" i.e. hot-fluid after the hot stealthy cape by the hot stealthy cape
Its thermoisopleth changes, and causes the interior object of putting of internal supporting shell 5 to be detected by the external world (shown in such as Fig. 3 (b)).
Described above is the technical principle and instantiation that the present invention is applied, the equivalent change that the conception according to the present invention is done
Change, if its scheme for being used still covered without departing from specification and drawings spirit when, all should within the scope of the invention,
Illustrate hereby.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal based on multilayer liquid crystal material, it is characterised in that the controllable Three Dimensional Thermal is hidden
Body cape covers circular layer including the surface that substrate layer, adiabatic wall, liquid crystal material circular layer are constituted, invested in liquid crystal material circular layer
The thin metal layer paster of wall, internal supporting shell, control unit and supply unit；Surface covering circular layer is multiple liquid crystal material circular layers
Superposition is constituted from bottom to top, each equal metal clad thin layer paster of liquid crystal material circular layer inner wall surface, each two liquid crystal material ring
There is adiabatic wall to isolate between layer；Internal supporting shell is on the inside of multilayer liquid crystal material circular layer, for carrying multilayer liquid crystal
Material circular layer, the target being hidden is positioned over the intracavitary of internal supporting shell；Internal supporting shell is contacted with thin metal layer paster, simultaneously
Internal supporting shell, which corresponds at each thin metal layer paster, is drilled with aperture, small aperture be 1 μm~1cm, depth be 1 μm~
10cm；Conducting wire in aperture, wire one end is connected on thin metal layer paster, and the other end sequentially passes through control unit and energy supply
Unit is grounded, by manipulating control unit, regulates and controls heat time of the supply unit to every layer of liquid crystal material circular layer, and then control not
With the crystalline axis direction of liquid crystal material in liquid crystal material circular layer, the bulk thermal conductivity constants for making every layer of liquid crystal material circular layer correspondence different are real
The existing stealthy required three-dimensional thermal conductivity distribution of heat, and then hot-fluid is bypassed behind cape region, temperature field and thermoisopleth recover original
Distribution, realize hot stealthy function.
2. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described liquid crystal material circular layer
Shape is hemisphere, cone, cosine body, positive body with cord, cylinder, semiellipsoid, square, cuboid or hexahedron, each
Individual liquid crystal material circular layer independent control and work；Described liquid crystal material circular layer is nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, cholesteric phase
Liquid crystal, dish-like liquid crystal, thermotropic liquid crystal, reappearance liquid crystal, chiral liquid crystal, negative liquid crystal, end alkenes liquid crystal, miazines liquid crystal, contain
Fluorine class liquid crystal, alkyne type liquid crystal, ethane's liquid crystal or cyclohexylbenzene class liquid crystal, its width be 1 μm~10cm, thickness be 20nm~
10cm。
3. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described thin metal layer patch
Piece is Al pieces, Ag pieces, Au pieces, Cu pieces or Ni pieces, and its width is that 1 μm~10cm, thickness are 20nm~10cm.
4. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described adiabatic wall
It is calcium silicates, polyalcohol/polyisocyanates, RPUF, polystyrene foam plastics, foam glass, In2O3、
SnO2Or ITO, its width is 1nm~10cm, thickness for 1nm~10cm.
5. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described adiabatic wall is silicon
Sour calcium, polyalcohol/polyisocyanates, RPUF, polystyrene foam plastics, foam glass, In2O3、SnO2
Or ITO, width is 1nm~10cm, thickness for 1nm~10cm.
6. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1,2 or 5, it is characterised in that described inside support
Shell is polyimides, plastics, BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3；Described substrate layer is BK7 optical glass, SiO2、
Si3N4Or Al2O3。
7. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described inside supporting shell is poly-
Imines, plastics, BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3；Described substrate layer is BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or
Al2O3。
8. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described inside supporting shell is poly-
Imines, plastics, BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or Al2O3；Described substrate layer is BK7 optical glass, SiO2、Si3N4Or
Al2O3。
9. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1,2,5,7 or 8, it is characterised in that described control
Unit is automatically controlled, light-operated, acoustic control or magnetic switch；Described supply unit is electric energy, heat energy, luminous energy or nuclear energy.
10. the stealthy cape of controllable Three Dimensional Thermal according to claim 1,2,5,7 or 8, it is characterised in that described multilayer
Liquid crystal material circular layer is realized by Material growth technique, including electron beam evaporation, metallo-organic compound chemical gaseous phase deposition, gas
Phase epitaxy grows and molecular beam epitaxial method.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110600073A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-12-20 | 复旦大学 | Thermal transparent device for thermal radiation |
| CN112977883A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | Thin atmosphere flying pico-nano satellite |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110600073A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-12-20 | 复旦大学 | Thermal transparent device for thermal radiation |
| CN110600073B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-06-22 | 复旦大学 | Thermal transparent device for thermal radiation |
| CN112977883A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | Thin atmosphere flying pico-nano satellite |
| CN112977883B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2023-10-17 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | Thin atmospheric flight pico-nano satellite |
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