CN107108547A - 手性纯度较高的2,4‑二取代四氢吡喃‑4‑醇及其衍生物的合成方法 - Google Patents
手性纯度较高的2,4‑二取代四氢吡喃‑4‑醇及其衍生物的合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D309/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D309/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有通式(I)的手性2,4‑二取代四氢吡喃‑4‑醇及其衍生物的合成方法,包括在手性有机催化剂存在下脂肪族醛和高链烯醇发生不对称反应的步骤,还公开了含有通过上述方法制备的所述通式(I)的手性纯度较高分子的香料和化妆品组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及使用手性有机催化剂合成手性纯度较高的2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的方法。
背景技术
如所周知,醛和高烯丙醇的Prins环化反应1提供了对四氢吡喃-4-醇的一种有效制取方法。2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇(一种四氢吡喃-4-醇衍生物)及其衍生物的对映体/非对映异构体表现出不同的气味强度。此外,根据现有技术,2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的对映异构体的合成需要5-7个合成步骤2。
已知有许多种质子酸和路易斯酸催化Prins环化反应,已发表一些很好的综述对早期的工作作了总结3,4。
1.Snider,B.B.In Comprehensive Organic Synthesis;Trost,B.,Fleming,I.,Heathcook,C.H.,Eds.;Pergamon:New Yok,NY,1991;Vol.2,pp 527-561.
2.Abate,A.;Brenna,E.;Fronza,G.;Fuganti,C.;Gatti,F.G.;Serra,S.;Zardoni,E.Helv.Chim.Acta2004.87,765-780.
3.Pastor,I.M.;Yus,M.Curr.Org.Chem.2007,11,925-957.
4.Olier,C.;Kaafarani,M.;Gastaldi,S.;Bertrand,M..Tetrahedron 2010,66,413-445.
然而,先前的文献2中发表的一种合成手性2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其乙酸酯衍生物的多步法导致了最终产物的低收率。另外,对手性有机催化剂的使用也没有在任何地方提到过。而他们提出的在反应过程中使用的生物催化剂更是昂贵,从而使得该方法无法在商业上应用。
发明的目的
本发明的目的是提供一种在商业上可应用的,通过使用较便宜的有机催化剂一步法合成手性纯度较高的2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的方法。
本发明的另一个目的是找到合成手性纯度较高的2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的方法,可以使得所所产生的手性分子最终产品是对映体和/或非对映体纯的,或至少基本上富集了所需的手性分子。
本发明的另一个目的是合成通式(I)的手性分子和/或其异构体,它们表现出新鲜,温和,甜美和天然的花香气味,令人想起铃兰的香气,带有一些玫瑰氧化物的边香和类似于天然气味的泥土气韵。
本发明的另一个目的是合成手性纯度较高的化合物,其表现出增加的生物活性强度,导致由香料组合物所释放芳香的持久性相应增加,因此与常规香料组合物相比,这使得所述香料组合物中,所需要的具有更持久香味的香料浓度得以降低。从而提高使用者的安全程度。
发明内容
本发明消除或相当程度上减轻了现有技术方法中的不利之处和缺陷。
总体上,本发明提出“具有通式(I)的手性2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的合成方法,
包括在手性有机催化剂存在下脂肪族醛(aliphatic aldehyde)和高烯丙醇(homoallylic alcohol)发生不对称反应的步骤。”
总体上,本发明提出一种在手性有机催化剂的存在下,合成具有通式(I)的2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的手性酰基衍生物的方法,其使用了外加的一种试剂——酰基酸酐,。
总体上,上述的在手性有机催化剂的存在下,合成具有通式(I)的手性2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的方法,其中所述通式(I)具有选自以下取代基:氢,甲基,乙基,丙基,丁基,异丙基,异丁基,异丁烯基,乙酰基,丙酰基或类似基团的取代基R1,R2,R3和R4。
总体上,所述手性有机催化剂是1-(R)-樟脑磺酸或1-(S)-樟脑磺酸。
总体上,含有通过上述方法制备的具有通式(I)的手性纯度较高的分子的香料组合物,包含至少一种香料和/或至少一种古龙水和/或至少一种香露和/或至少一种淡香精和/或至少一种化妆品和/或至少一种个人护理产品和/或至少一种清洁产品和/或至少一种织物柔软剂和/或至少一种空气清新剂。
总体上,化妆品组合物含有通过上述方法制备的具有通式(I)的嗅觉可接受量的手性纯度较高的分子。
具体实施方式
满足上述要求的方法可以以非常简单但不逊色的方式加以实现。在很大程度上可通过本发明来满足上述需要,其中描述了使用手性有机催化剂获得具有增强香味的手性纯度较高2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的合成方法。
本发明的一个实施方案涉及通式(I)和/或其异构体的分子的合成(图1)。图2展示了所述通式(I)的三个实施例——类型A,类型B和类型C.
图1
图2
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及通过使用手性有机催化剂合成通式(I)和/或其异构体化合物的方法。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及合成通式(I)和/或其异构体化合物的方法,其中优选使用不含金属的手性有机催化剂。
本发明的一个实施方案涉及通式(I)和/或其异构体的分子(图1和图2),其中取代基R1,R2,R3和R4选自由氢、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、乙酰基、丙酰基、异丁基、异丙基、异丁基或类似基团组成的一组取代物。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,手性有机催化剂是手性磺酸,例如(+)-樟脑磺酸或~()-樟脑磺酸。
本发明还涉及使用其它相关催化剂的手性化合物不对称合成,如采用薄荷酮磺酸或手性取代磷酸,例如修饰了的(+)-或(-)-2,2′-联萘酚(BINOL)磷酸。
本发明涉及通式(I)的对映体和/或非对映体的纯度较高分子(手性富集)的合成方法。
本发明还提出一种香料/香料组合物,包含根据上述方法合成的手性纯度较高分子和至少一种香料和/或古龙水和/或香露和/或淡香精和/或美容品和/或个人护理产品和/或清洁产品和/或织物柔软剂和/或空气清新剂。
本发明还涉及一种化妆品组合物,包含根据上述发明方法制备的嗅觉可接受量的手性纯度较高化合物。本发明提出将具有通式(I)的手性纯度较高化合物用于香料,化妆品和农用化学品的应用中。该方法中获得的具有通式(I)的化合物进一步用于合成手性纯度较高的2,4-二取代四氢-2H-吡喃。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及制备香料组合物的方法,包括将通过使用所述方法合成的通式(I)和/或其异构体的手性纯度较高化合物与选自下列组分:溶剂、载体、稳定剂、乳化剂、保湿剂、分散剂、稀释剂、增稠剂、稀释剂、其它气味剂和佐剂中的至少一种相混合。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及一种通过使用所述制备方法合成的通式(I)和/或其异构体的手性纯度较高化合物制备农业化学组合物的方法,所述的农业化学组合物包括选自以下成分所组成群组中至少一种:溶剂、载体、稳定剂、乳化剂、保湿剂、分散剂、稀释剂、增稠剂、稀释剂和其它在农业化学组合物中可接受的佐剂。
上面已经相当广泛地概述了本发明的某些实施例,以便在此可以更好地理解其详细描述,并且为了更好地理解本专利对本领域的贡献。当然,本发明的其余实施例将在下面描述并且将形成所附权利要求的题材。
在这方面,在详细说明本发明的至少一个实施例之前,应当理解,本发明在应用中不限于所述结构细节以及在以下说明或图示中阐述的部件布置。本发明除了所描述的以及以各种方式实践和实施的例子之外还能够实行更多的实施例。此外,应当理解,本文中使用的措辞和术语以及摘要是出于描述的目的,而不应被视为限制本发明。
本领域技术人员将理解,本发明公开的基础概念可以容易地用作基础来设计用于实现本发明若干目的的其他结构,方法和系统。因此,只要它们不脱离本发明的精神和范围,重要的是将这些等同的结构视为包括在权利要求之内。
图3、4和5分别示出了图2所示的A,B和C型手性2,4-二取代四氢吡喃的实例。
图3:本发明的手性2,4-二取代四氢吡喃(A型)的一些实例。
图4:本发明的手性2,4-二取代四氢吡喃(B型)的一些实例。
图5:本发明的手性2,4-二取代四氢吡喃(C型)的一些实例。
与通过常规合成获得的外消旋分子相比,本发明的一个或多个实施方案的优点是本发明的手性纯度较高的化合物表现出增强的生物活性。
由于这种增强的生物活性,在香料或其农药组合物中需要较少量的通式(I)和/或其异构体的手性纯度较高的对映体。
此外,这种增加的生物活性强度导致由香料组合物所释放芳香的持久性相应地增加,因此与常规香料组合物相比,所述提供更持久的香味的芳香剂组合物中香味剂浓度得以降低。因此提高使用者的安全程度。
在下面的方案1至8中显示了在手性有机催化剂。例如(+)-樟脑磺酸或(-)-樟脑磺酸(1,CSA)存在下,通过高烯丙醇衍生物(2)与醛(3a-c)的反应获得的通式(I)和/或其异构体的化合物,其中:
方案1显示(2R,4R)-4和(2S,4R)-4的合成
方案2显示(2S,4S)-4和(2R,4S)-4的合成
方案3显示(2R,4R)-5和(2S,4R)-5的合成
方案4显示(2S,4S)-5和(2R,4S)-5的合成
方案5显示(2R,4R)-6和(2S,4R)-6的合成
方案6显示(2S,4S)-6和(2R,4S)-6的合成
方案7显示(2S,4R)-7和(2R,4R)-7的合成
方案8显示(2R,4S)-7和(2S,4S)-7的合成
方案1
方案2
方案3
方案4
方案5
方案6
方案7
方案8
下面的实施例中将更详细地阐述本发明提出的方法:
实施例1
(2R,4R)和(2S,4R)-2-异丁基-4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇(方案1):
在三颈烧瓶中,搅拌条件下加入石墨(1.5g),异戊烯醇(2,20g,0.232mol),~()-樟脑磺酸(CSA)(1.5g,0.0064mol)和异戊醛(3,20g,0.232mol)的混合物。在室温下继续搅拌4小时。将反应混合物过滤。滤液中和,有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,真空除去溶剂。残余物进行柱色谱分离,得到羟基化合物(2S,4R)-4(R1=Me,R2=H),以及(2R,4R)-4(R1=Me,R2=H)(28g,70%)。
(2S,4R)-4的数据
[α]20 D=+1.23(c=0.72,CHCl3);
IR:cm-13427,2957,2870,1467,1371,1274,1170,1109,985,889,797.
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.80(ddd,J=11.5,5.5,1.8,1H),3.77(ddd,J=12.5,11.5,2.4,1H),3.69(dddd,J=11.1,8.4,4.4,2.2,1H),1.82-1.74(m,1H),1.64(ddd,J=13.6,12.5,5.5,1H),1.50(dt,J=13.6,2.4,1H),1.48-1.41(m,1H),1.30(dd,J=13.6,11.1,1H),1.25(s,3H),1.13(ddd,J=13.3,8.3,4.5,1H),0.90(d,J=6.6,6H).
13C-NMR:δ71.2,68.0,63.6,45.5,45.2,38.8,31.8,24.4,23.4,22.5.
GC/MS(m/z):172,154,139,115,97,87,69,58,43.
(2R,4R)-4的数据
[α]20 D=-4.87(c=1.09,CHCl3);
IR:cm-13400,2956,2868,1651,1468,1378,1169,1112,891,638;
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.95(ddd,J=12.0,5.4,2.0,1H),3.42(ddd,J=12.5,11.9,2.4,1H),3.35(ddd,J=11.2,8.2,4.4,2.3,1H),1.82-1.72(m,1H),1.69(dddq,J=12.7,12.5,5.4,0.8,1H),1.62(dt,J=12.5,2.4,1H),1.58(dddd,J=12.6,2.4,2.3,2.0,1H),1.49(ddd,J=13.9,8.3,5.9,1H),1.35(ddq,J=12.5,11.5,0.8,1H),1.3(t,J=0.8,3H),1.18(ddd,J=13.9,8.3,4.5,1H),0.90(d,J=6.6,6H);
13C-NMR:δ73.6,68.7,65.4,46.9,45.5,40.6,25.4,24.3,23.2,22.4;
GC/MS(m/z):172,154,139,115,97,87,71,58,43.
实施例2(方案1的替代方案)
将~()-樟脑-10-磺酸(1,1.5g,0.0064mol),石墨(1.5g),异戊烯醇(2,20g,0.232mol)和异戊醛(3,20g,0.232mol)的混合物在50℃下搅拌4小时。将反应混合物进行常规后处理并通过柱色谱纯化,得到(2R,4R)-4以及(2S,4R)-4,(26g,65%)。
实施例3
(2R,4S)和(2S,4S)-2-异丁基-4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇,4:(方案2)
将(+)-樟脑-10-磺酸(1,1.5g,0.0064mol),石墨(1.5g),异戊烯醇(2,20g,0.232mol)和异戊醛(3a 20g,0.232mol)的混合物在室温下搅拌4小时。过滤分离产物。滤液中和,有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,真空除去溶剂。将残余物进行柱色谱分离,得到羟基化合物(2S,4S)-4以及(2R,4S)-4(27.2g,68%)。
(2R,4S)-4的数据:
[α]20 D=-0.96(c=1.09,CHCl3);
IR:cm-13400,2956,2868,1651,1468,1378,1169,1085,961,771;
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.80(ddd,J=11.5,5.5,1.8,1H),3.77(ddd,J=12.5,11.5,2.4,1H),3.69(dddd,J=11.1,8.4,4.4,2.2,1H),1.82-1.74(m,1H),1.64(ddd,J=13.6,12.5,5.5,1H),1.50(dt,J=13.6,2.4,1H),1.48-1.41(m,1H),1.30(dd,J=13.6,11.1,1H),1.25(s,3H),1.13(ddd,J=13.3,8.3,4.5,1H),0.90(d,J=6.6,6H).
13C-NMR:δ71.2,67.9,63.6,45.5,45.2,38.8,31.8,24.3,23.4,22.4;
GC/MS:(m/z)172,154,139,115,97,87,69,58,43.
(2S,4S)-4的数据:
[α]20D=+4.57(c=1.04,CHCl3)
IR:cm-13391,2956,2868,1652,1468,1378,1250,1169,1084,919,756,638.
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.95(ddd,J=12.0,5.4,2.0,1H),3.42(ddd,J=12.5,11.9,2.4,1H),3.35(ddd,J=11.2,8.2,4.4,2.3,1H),1.82-1.72(m,1H),1.69(dddq,J=12.7,12.5,5.4,0.8,1H),1.62(dt,J=12.5,2.4,1H),1.58(dddd,J=12.6,2.4,2.3,2.0,1H),1.49(ddd,J=13.9,8.3,5.9,1H),1.35(ddq,J=12.5,11.5,0.8,1H),1.3(t,J=0.8,3H),1.18(ddd,J=3.9,8.3,4.5,1H),0.90(d,J=6.6,6H).
13C-NMR:δ73.6,68.8,65.4,47.1,45.5,40.6,25.4,24.4,23.2,22.4.
GC/MS(m/z):172,154,139,115,97,87,71,58,43.
实施例4(方案2的替代方案)
在三颈烧瓶中加入石墨(15g),异戊烯醇(2,20g,2.32mol),(+)-樟脑磺酸(1,15g,0.064mol)和异戊醛(3,20g,2.32mol)的混合物。在室温下持续搅拌4小时,过滤反应混合物。将滤液中和,真空分馏,得到羟基化合物(2R,4S)-4以及(2S,4S)-4,(25g,62.5%)。
实施例5(方案2的替代方案)
将(+)-樟脑-10-磺酸(1,1.5g,0.0064mol),石墨(1.5g),异戊烯醇(2,20g,0.232mol)和异戊醛(3,20g,0.232mol)的混合物在50℃下搅拌4小时。过滤分离产物。将滤液中和并通过柱色谱纯化,得到(2R,4S)-4以及(2S,4S)-4(24g,60%)。
实施例6
(2R,4R)和(2S,4R)-2-丙基-4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇,5(方案3)
在三颈烧瓶中将石墨(1.5g),异戊二烯(2,20g,0.232mol)的混合物搅拌2分钟,加入~()-樟脑磺酸(1,1.5g,0.0064mol)和丁醛(3b,16.7g,0.232mol),在室温下继续搅拌4小时,过滤反应混合物。滤液中和,进行柱色谱分离,得到羟基衍生物(2S,4R)-5以及(2R,4R)-5(24.8g,62%)。
(2S,4R)-5的数据:
[α]20 D+0.86(c=0.86,CHCl3);
IR:cm-13417,2960,2872,1459,1380,1269,1174,1106,1003,755;
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.90-3.80(m,1H),3.79-3.72(m,1H),3.65-3.56(m,1H),1.75-1.18(m,8H),1.26(s,3H),0.92(t,J=7.0,3H);
13C-NMR:δ72.8,67.9,63.7,44.7,38.8,38.4,31.8,18.7,14.2;
GC/MS(m/z):157,140,125,112,97,84,69,55,43.
(2R,4R)-5的数据
[α]20 D=-4.60(c=1.09,CHCl3)
IR:cm-13400,2956,2868,1651,1468,1378,1169,1112,891,638;
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.95(ddd,J=12.0,.4,2.0,1H),3.42(ddd,J=12.5,11.9,2.4,1H),3.35(ddd,J=11.2,8.2,4.4,2.3,1H),1.82-1.72(m,1H),1.69(dddq,J=12.7,12.5,5.4,0.8,1H),1.62(dt,J=12.5,2.4,1H),1.58(dddd,J=12.6,2.4,2.3,2.0,1H),1.49(ddd,J=13.9,8.3,5.9,1H),1.35(ddq,J=12.5,11.5,0.8,1H),1.3(t,J=0.8,3H),1.18(ddd,J=13.9,8.3,4.5,1H),0.90(d,J=6.6,6H);
13C-NMR:δ73.6,68.7,65.4,46.9,45.5,40.6,25.4,24.3,23.2,22.4;
GC/MS(m/z):172,154,139,115,97,87,71,58,43.
实施例7
(2R,4S)和(2S,4S)-2-异丁基-4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇5(方案4):
在三颈烧瓶中将石墨(1.5g),异戊二烯(2,20g,0.232mol)的混合物搅拌2分钟,加入(+)-樟脑磺酸(1,1.5g,0.0064mol)和丁醛(3b,0.0167kg,0.232mol)。在室温下继续搅拌4小时,过滤反应混合物。滤液中和,进行柱色谱分离,得到羟基衍生物(2R,4S)-5以及(2S,4S)-5(24.8g,62%)。
(2R,4S)-5的数据
[α]20 D=-0.76(c=0.75,CHCl3);
IR cm-1:3420,2960,2872,1459,1380,1269,1174,1105,1003,809,755;
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.90-3.80(m,1H),3.79-3.72(m,1H),3.65-3.56(m,1H),1.75-1.18(m,8H),1.26(s,3H),0.92(t,J=7.0,3H);
13C-NMR:δ72.8,67.9,63.7,44.7,38.8,38.4,31.8,18.7,14.2;
GC/MS(m/z):157,140,125,112,97,84,69,55,43.
(2S,4S)-5的数据
[α]20 D=+5.21,(c=0.48,CHCl3);
IR cm-1:3401,2960,2871,1465,1378,1265,1172,1109,1003,891,810,755;
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.96(ddd,J=12.0,5.2,1.8,1H),3.43(dt,J=2.6,12.0,1H),3.33-3.27(m,1H),1.74-1.34(m,8H),1.33(s,3H),0.91(t,J=7.1,3H);.
13C-NMR:δ75.3,68.8,65.4,46.6,40.6,38.5,25.4,18.7,14.1;
GC/MS(m/z):157,140,125,115,103,97,87,71,58,43.
实施例8
(2R,4R)和(2S,4R)-2-丙基-4-乙酰氧基-4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃6(方案5):
在三颈烧瓶中,将石墨(1.5g),异戊烯醇(2,20g,0.232mol)的混合物搅拌2分钟,加入~()-樟脑磺酸(1,1.5g,0.0064mol)和丁醛(3,16.7g,0.232mol),在室温下继续搅拌2小时,加入乙酸酐(0.047L,0.497mol),继续搅拌4小时。将反应混合物过滤。滤液中和,有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,真空除去溶剂。将残余物进行柱色谱分离,得到乙酰氧基衍生物(2S,4R)-6以及(2R,4R)-6,(29.5g,67%)。
(2S,4R)-6的数据
[α]20 D=-3.12(c=0.94,CHCl3)
IR cm-1:2960,2933,1733,1462,1367,1242,1145,1019,939,806,757.
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.82(ddd,J=11.6,5.3,1.6,1H),3.61(ddd,J=12.6,11.6,2.1,1H),3.47(dddd,J=11.4,7.4,4.6,2.3,1H),2.24(dt,J=13.8,2.3,1H),2.18(dddd,J=14.1,2.3,2.1,1.6,1H),2.03(s,3H),1.50(s,3H),1.58-1.30(m,4H),1.34(ddd,J=14.1,12.6,5.3,1H),1.20(dd,J=13.8,11.3,1H),0.91(t,3H).
13C-NMR:δ170.5,79.4,72.6,63.5,42.2,38.3,36.4,26.3,22.4,18.7,14.2.
GC/MS(m/z):201,185,157,140,125,115,97,87,71,58,43.
(2R,4R)-6的数据
[α]20 D=+1.72(c=2.08,CHCl3);
IR cm-1:2960,2871,1732,1466,1377,1251,1106,1021,931,811,758.
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.93(ddd,J=12.1,5.3,1.9,1H),3.47(ddd,J=12.6,12.1,2.3,1H),3.34(m,1H),2.11(dt,J=12.6,2.2,1H),2.04(dddd,J=12.8,2.3,2.2,1.9,1H),1.93(s,3H),1.86(dddq,J=12.8,12.6,5.3,0.9,1H),1.62(s,3H),1.57-1.30(m,4H),1.54(ddq,J=12.6,11.5,0.9,1H),0.91(t,J=7.2,3H).
13C-NMR:δ170.3,80.1,74.3,64.6,43.5,38.4,37.7,22.5,21.7,18.7,14.1.
GC/MS(m/z):201,185,170,157,140,125,112,97,86,69,55,43.
实施例9
(2R,4S)和(2S,4S)-2-丙基-4-乙酰氧基-4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃,6(方案6):
在三颈瓶中将石墨(1.5g),异戊二烯(2,20g,0.232mol)的混合物搅拌2分钟,加入(+)-樟脑磺酸(1,1.5g,0.0064mol)和丁醛(3,16.7g,0.232mol),在室温下继续搅拌2小时,加入乙酸酐(0.047L,0.497mol),继续搅拌3小时。将反应混合物过滤。滤液通过加入饱和NaHCO3中和,用乙酸乙酯萃取。将有机层干燥并过滤。从有机层中除去溶剂,残余物进行柱色谱分离,得到乙酸酯(2R,4S)-6(R1=Me,R2=H)以及(2S,4S)-6(R1=Me,R2=H),(31.24g,71%)。
(2R,4S)-6的数据
[α]20 D=+3.62(c=0.43,CHCl3);
IR cm-1:2960,2871,1736,1461,1369,1242,1110,107,807,756.
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ3.82(ddd,J=11.6,5.3,1.6,1H),3.61(ddd,J=12.6,11.6,2.1,1H),3.47(dddd,J=11.4,7.4,4.6,2.3,1H),2.24(dt,J=13.8,2.3,1H),2.18(dddd,J=14.1,2.3,2.1,1.6,1H),2.03(s,3H),1.50(s,3H),1.58-1.30(m,4H),1.34(ddd,J=14.1,12.6,5.3,1H),1.20(dd,J=13.8,11.3,1H),0.91(t,3H).
13C-NMR:δ170.5,79.4,72.6,63.5,42.2,38.3,36.4,26.3,22.5,18.7,14.2
GC/MS(m/z):201,182,157,140,125,112,97,84,69,55,43.
(2S,4S)-6的数据:
[α]20 D=-1.62(c=1.36,CHCl3);
IR cm-1:2960,2871,1732,1467,1369,1251,1128,1021,949,931,811,757.
1H-NMR(400MHz)δ:3.93(ddd,J=12.1,5.3,1.9,1H),3.47(ddd,J=12.6,12.1,2.3,1H),3.34(m,1H),2.11(dt,J=12.6,2.2,1H),2.04(dddd,J=12.8,2.3,2.2,1.9,1H),1.93(s,3H),1.86(dddq,J=12.8,12.6,5.3,0.9,1H),1.62(s,3H),1.57-1.30(m,4H),1.54(ddq,J=12.6,11.5,0.9,1H),0.91(t,J=7.2,3H).
13C-NMR:δ170.3,80.1,74.3,64.6,43.5,38.4,37.7,22.5,21.7,18.7,14.1.
GC/MS(m/z):201,185,157,140,125,112,97,69,55,43.
实施例10(方案6的替代方案)
将~()-樟脑-10-磺酸(1,15g,0.064mol),石墨(15g),异戊烯醇(2,0.2kg,2.32mol)和丁醛(3,0.167kg,2.31mol)的混合物在50℃下搅拌2小时,加入乙酸酐(0.47L,4.97mol),继续搅拌3小时。过滤分离产物。滤液用饱和NaHCO3中和。将有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空分馏纯化,得到(2S,4R)-6以及(2R,4R)-6,(31.7g,72%)。
实施例11(方案6的替代方案)
将(+)-樟脑-10-磺酸(15g,0.064mol),石墨(15g),异戊烯醇(0.2kg,2.32mol)和丁醛(0.167kg,2.32mol)的混合物为在室温下搅拌2小时,加入乙酸酐(0.47L,4.97mol),在50℃继续搅拌3小时。通过过滤分离产物。将滤液通过真空蒸馏纯化,得到(2S,4S)-6以及(2R,4S)-6,(33.4g,76%)。
实施例12
(2R,4R)和(2S,4R)-2-苯基-4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇,7(方案7):
将~()-樟脑-10-磺酸(1,1.5g,0.0064mol),石墨(1.5g),异戊烯醇(2,20g,0.232mol)和苯甲醛(3c,24.6g,0.232mol)的混合物在室温下搅拌4小时。通过过滤分离产物。滤液通过柱色谱纯化,得到羟基衍生物(2S,4R)-7以及(2S,4S)-7,(22.42g,56.0%)。
反式(2R,4R)-7的数据,[α]D=-16.43.(c=1.33,CHCl3)
IR(纯样品)cm-1:3401,2942,2858,1495,1377,1252,1091,942,766.
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ7.37-7.23(m,5H),4.71(dd,J=2.6,11.7,1H),4.03-3.94(m,2H),1.84-1.77(m,2H),1.66(dd,11.7,13.7,1H),1.54-1.46(m,2H),1.31(s,3H).
13C-NMR:δ142.8,128.5,128.5,127.5,126.0,126.0,75.4,68.2,64.2,46.7,38.6,31.9.
GC/MS(m/z):191,174,159,145,131,121,105,91,77,71,65,58,51,43.
顺式(2S,4R)-7的数据,[α]D=+8.42(c=0.78,CHCl3).
IR(纯样品)cm-1:3399,2943,2859,1495,1377,1252,1092,942,764.
1H-NMR(400MHz):δ7.40-7.20(m,5H),4.37(d,J=11.7,1H),4.12(dd,J=3.95,12.1,1H),3.62(t,J=11.15,1H),1.88(dt,12.6,2.6,1H),1.92-1.81(m,2H),1.70(dq,12.7,2.4,1H),1.45(s,3H).
13C-NMR:δ142.2,128.6,128.6,127.8,126.1,126.1,77.8,69.3,66.1,48.5,40.5,25.5.
GC/MS(m/z):191,174,159,145,131,121,105,91,77,71,65,58,51,43.
实施例13
(2R,4S)和(2S,4S)-2-苯基-4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇7(方案8):将(+)-樟脑-10-磺酸(1,1.5g,0.0064mol),石墨(1.5g),异戊烯醇(2,20g,0.232mol)和苯甲醛(3c,24.6g,0.232mol)的混合物在室温下搅拌4小时。通过过滤分离产物。滤液用饱和NaHCO3中和。将有机层在无水Na2SO4上干燥,过滤并通过硅胶柱色谱纯化,得到羟基衍生物(2S,4S)-7以及(2R,4S)-7,(26.2g,58.7%)。
实施例14(方案8的替代方案)
将~()-樟脑-10-磺酸(1,20g,0.085mol),石墨(40g),异戊烯醇(2,200g,23.2mol)和苯甲醛(3c,246g,23.2mol)在室温下搅拌3小时。通过过滤分离产物。滤液用饱和NaHCO3中和,有机层在无水Na2SO4上干燥,过滤并通过分级真空蒸馏纯化,得到羟基衍生物(2S,4R)-7,CHCl3)以及(2R,4R)-7,(250g,56%)。
本发明的优点
本发明的一个或多个实施方案的优点在于,通过本发明所要求保护的方法合成的手性纯度较高的2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物与通过常规合成得到的外消旋分子相比,表现出增强的生物活性。
由于所述增加的生物活性,在香料或其农药组合物中需要较少量的通式(I)化合物和/或其异构体的手性纯度较高的化合物。
所述增加的生物活性强度导致由香料组合物释放香气的持久性相应地增加,因此可使香料组合物中香味剂的浓度得以降低,与常规香料组合物相比又提供了持久的香味。因此,增加使用者的安全程度。
本发明的许多特征和优点从详细说明书中是显而易见的,因此,所附权利要求旨在覆盖落入本发明的真实精神和范围内的本发明的所有这些特征和优点。此外,由于本领域技术人员将容易想到许多修改和变化,所以不将本发明限于所示和所描述的准确结构和操作,由此,所有合适的修改和等同物都可以被放在本发明的范围内。
权利要求书(按照条约第19条的修改)
1.一种具有通式(I)的手性2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的合成方法,包括在手性有机催化剂存在下脂族醛和高链烯醇发生不对称反应的步骤;
其中R1,R2,R3和R4选自氢,甲基,乙基,丙基,丁基,异丙基,异丁基,异丁烯基,乙酰基或丙酰基。
2.如权利要求1所述的在手性有机催化剂存在下合成具有通式(I)的2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的手性酰基衍生物的方法,其中另加的试剂是酰基酸酐。
3.如权利要求1所述的在手性有机催化剂存在下合成具有通式(I)的手性2,4-二取代-四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的方法,其中所述手性有机催化剂为1-(R)-樟脑磺酸或1-(S)-樟脑磺酸。
4.一种香料组合物,其含有通过如权利要求1至4所述的方法制备的具有通式(I)的手性纯度较高的分子,其中包含至少一种香料和/或至少一种古龙水和/或至少一种香水和/或至少一种香草和/或至少一种化妆品和/或至少一种个人护理产品和/或至少一种清洁产品和/或至少一种织物柔软剂和/或至少一种空气清新剂。
5.一种化妆品组合物,其包含嗅觉可接受量的通过权利要求1至4所述的方法制备的具有通式(I)的手性纯度较高的分子。
Claims (6)
1.一种具有通式(I)的手性2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的合成方法,包括在手性有机催化剂存在下脂肪族醛和高链烯醇发生不对称反应的步骤;
2.如权利要求1所述的在手性有机催化剂存在下合成具有通式(I)的2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的手性酰基衍生物的方法,其中另加的试剂是酰基酸酐。
3.如权利要求1所述的在手性有机催化剂存在下合成具有通式(I)的手性2,4-二取代四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的方法,其中所述通式(I)具有选自氢,甲基,乙基,丙基,丁基,异丙基,异丁基,异丁烯基,乙酰基,丙酰基或类似基团的取代基R1,R2,R3和R4。
4.如权利要求1所述的在手性有机催化剂存在下合成具有通式(I)的手性2,4-二取代-四氢吡喃-4-醇及其衍生物的方法,其中所述手性有机催化剂为1-(R)-樟脑磺酸或1-(S)-樟脑磺酸。
5.一种香料组合物,其含有通过如权利要求1至4所述的方法制备的具有通式(I)的手性纯度较高的分子,其中包含至少一种香料和/或至少一种古龙水和/或至少一种香水和/或至少一种香草和/或至少一种化妆品和/或至少一种个人护理产品和/或至少一种清洁产品和/或至少一种织物柔软剂和/或至少一种空气清新剂。
6.一种化妆品组合物,其包含嗅觉可接受量的通过权利要求1至4所述的方法制备的具有通式(I)的手性纯度较高的分子。
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CN108727320B (zh) * | 2018-07-23 | 2021-06-01 | 陕西师范大学 | 以二氯二茂钛作为路易斯酸和氯离子源催化合成4-氯代四氢吡喃类化合物的方法 |
CN108997287B (zh) * | 2018-07-23 | 2021-12-28 | 陕西师范大学 | 以四氟硼酸的离子液体为氟源催化合成4-氟代四氢吡喃衍生物的方法 |
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