CN107102436B - Wave plate set design method for compensating any optical phase delay - Google Patents
Wave plate set design method for compensating any optical phase delay Download PDFInfo
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- CN107102436B CN107102436B CN201710332040.XA CN201710332040A CN107102436B CN 107102436 B CN107102436 B CN 107102436B CN 201710332040 A CN201710332040 A CN 201710332040A CN 107102436 B CN107102436 B CN 107102436B
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- G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wave plate group design method for compensating any optical phase delay, which comprises the following steps: 1) the wave plate set is arranged at the front end or the rear end of an optical path of the optical system with the optical phase delay to be compensated; 2) establishing a Cartesian coordinate system by taking an optical system to be compensated for optical phase delay as a reference and taking the fast axis direction of the optical system as an abscissa; 3) sequentially left-multiplying the corresponding Jones matrix to obtain the Jones matrix of the optical system modulated by the wave plate set; 4) sequentially left-multiplying the corresponding Jones vectors to obtain the Jones vectors of the emergent light waves; 5) comparing the modulated Jones vector of the emergent light wave with the Jones vector corresponding to the polarization state of the emergent light wave, and calculating the included angle between each wave plate in the wave plate group to be adjusted and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system; 6) and rotating each wave plate in the wave plate group according to the calculated included angle between each wave plate in the wave plate group and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system to complete the compensation of the optical phase delay generated by the optical phase delay optical system to be compensated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crystal wavefront phase compensation and polarization modulation, in particular to a wave plate set design method for compensating any optical phase delay.
Background
With the development of optical fiber communication technology, super-resolution microscopy technology, optical fiber sensing technology and other technologies, higher requirements are brought to the precise control of optical phases. Due to the existence of various polarization devices in the optical system, optical phase delay can be induced, so that the polarization state of light is changed, and finally, the energy utilization rate or the imaging effect of the optical system is directly influenced. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate for the optical phase retardation caused by the non-design factors in the optical system to eliminate or reduce the influence of the optical phase retardation caused by the non-design factors in the system, so as to improve the working efficiency and the working quality of the optical system.
In the patent document "dual wavelength optical phase retarder" of wu wendi et al, publication No. CN105700059A, a wave plate combination for optical phase retardation compensation is provided, which employs a monolithic birefringent crystal plate combination, and obtains a desired optical phase difference by calculating the thickness of a birefringent crystal plate whose optical phase needs to be compensated and changing the thickness of the birefringent crystal plate. The present invention has limitations in that it can only compensate for a fixed optical phase retardation. The limitation on the aspect of optical phase delay compensation is large, the thickness of the birefringent crystal plate needs to be adjusted to change the optical phase difference, the operation is complex, and the realization difficulty is large. In patent document "optical phase retarder" of zhao shui et al, publication No. CN1387071A, a birefringent crystal is used to split a light beam, one is ordinary light and the other is extraordinary light, and then the two polarized lights are coupled by a parallel beam splitter, and the angle of the optical axes of the two beam splitters is controlled to obtain the desired optical phase retardation, but there are still some drawbacks: firstly, the adoption of a birefringent crystal beam splitting method can cause low precision of optical phase retardation; secondly, when the required optical phase delay is generated, the optical phase delay is realized by changing the thickness of the parallel beam splitting sheet, so that the operation is complex, the cost is high, and the universality is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wave plate group design method for compensating any optical phase delay, aiming at the technical problems that the existing optical phase delay compensator is poor in universality, universality and flexibility, too complex in optical phase delay compensation in an optical system, low in compensation precision and the like. The compensation method can realize the compensation of any optical phase delay generated in the optical system by adjusting the included angles between the half-wave plate and the quarter-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system.
A wave plate set design method for compensating any optical phase delay is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the wave plate set is arranged at the front end or the rear end of an optical path of the optical system with the optical phase delay to be compensated, and the wave plate set is arranged perpendicular to the propagation direction of light waves in the optical path and is used for compensating the optical phase delay generated by the optical system with the optical phase delay to be compensated;
2) establishing a Cartesian coordinate system by taking an optical system to be compensated for optical phase delay as a reference, wherein the fast axis direction of the optical system is an abscissa and the slow axis direction of the optical system is an ordinate;
3) sequentially and left-multiplying the Jones matrix of the optical system to be compensated for optical phase delay and the Jones matrix of the wave plate set in the step 1) according to the incident order of light waves in the light path to obtain the Jones matrix of the optical system modulated by the wave plate set;
4) sequentially left-multiplying the Jones matrix of the optical system to be compensated with the optical phase delay modulated by the wave plate group in the step 3) by the Jones vector of the incident light wave to obtain the Jones vector of the emergent light wave modulated by the optical system to be compensated with the optical phase delay and the wave plate group;
5) comparing the Jones vector of the outgoing light wave modulated by the optical system with the optical phase delay to be compensated and the wave plate set in the step 4) with the Jones vector corresponding to the polarization state of the outgoing light wave, and calculating the included angle between each wave plate in the wave plate set to be adjusted and the horizontal coordinate of the reference coordinate system;
6) and (5) rotating each wave plate in the wave plate group according to the abscissa included angle between each wave plate in the wave plate group and the reference coordinate system, so as to complete the compensation of the optical phase delay generated by the optical phase delay optical system to be compensated.
In the step 1), preferably, the wave plate group is a combination of a linear polarizer, a half-wave plate and a quarter-wave plate;
the linear polarizer is used for regulating and controlling the incident light wave to be linearly polarized light;
the optical phase delay is a phase difference generated between the vertical component and the parallel component of the light wave after passing through an optical system with the optical phase delay to be compensated.
In step 2), the fast axis of the optical system to be compensated for optical phase delay is the polarization direction of the fast propagating light wave component, and the vertical direction thereof is the slow axis direction.
In step 3), an included angle between the fast axis of the quarter-wave plate in the wave plate group and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system is theta, an included angle between the fast axis of the half-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system is alpha, and optical phase delay generated by an optical system to be compensated is eta;
the half-wave plate and the quarter-wave plate in the wave plate set respectively correspond to the polarization directions of the light wave components which are transmitted quickly in the half-wave plate and the quarter-wave plate, and the vertical directions of the half-wave plate and the quarter-wave plate respectively correspond to the directions of the half-wave plate and the quarter-wave slow shaft;
the Jones matrix is a two-dimensional square matrix representing the linear transformation function of the polarization device;
the Jones matrix in the wave plate group comprises a Jones matrix of a half-wave plate and a Jones matrix of a quarter-wave plate;
the Jones matrix of the half-wave plate is as follows:
the Jones matrix of the quarter-wave plate is as follows:
the jones matrix of the optical system to be compensated for optical phase delay is:
the Jones matrix of the optical system modulated by the wave plate set is as follows:
in the step 4), the incident light wave is modulated into linearly polarized light after passing through a linear polarizer;
the jones vector of the modulated outgoing light wave is:
wherein A, B, C, D, K is:
in step 5), the polarization state of the outgoing light wave is a polarization state of a light wave which is expected to enter a focal plane of the optical system with a phase to be compensated, and the polarization state of the outgoing light wave may be any polarization state polarized light such as linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, or elliptically polarized light, and the jones vector thereof is expressed as:
wherein a, b, c and d are suitable values capable of representing polarized light in any corresponding polarization state, and Jones vector E of emergent light wave modulated by optical system and wave plate set with optical phase delay to be compensated1Jones vector E corresponding to polarization state of light wave to be emittedoutComparing to calculate the included angle theta between the fast axis of the quarter-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system0And the included angle alpha between the fast axis of the half-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system0。
The included angle between the wave plate in the wave plate set to be adjusted and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system comprises: the included angle theta between the fast axis of the quarter-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system and the included angle alpha between the fast axis of the half-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system.
In step 6), each wave plate in the rotating wave plate groupThe modulation method comprises the following steps: meanwhile, the included angle between the fast axis of the rotating quarter-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system is theta0The included angle between the fast axis of the half-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system is alpha0。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention places the wave plate group composed of the introduced wave plates such as the linear polarizer, the half-wave plate, the quarter-wave plate and the like at a proper position in the optical system, measures the optical phase delay generated by the non-design factors introduced by the optical elements in the optical system, obtains the angle of each wave plate in the wave plate group required to be adjusted through accurate calculation, and finally correspondingly adjusts the wave plate group composed of the wave plates such as the linear polarizer, the half-wave plate, the quarter-wave plate and the like, thereby realizing the compensation of the optical phase delay generated by the non-design factors introduced by the optical elements in the optical system. The invention can make relatively simple adjustment to the wave plate group composed of the wave plates such as the linear polarizer, the half wave plate, the quarter wave plate and the like after a series of measurement and calculation which are relatively easy to realize, and compensates any optical phase delay generated by non-design factors introduced by the optical element in the optical system on the premise of not introducing extra phase difference. The method for compensating any optical phase delay is flexible and changeable, simple and convenient to operate, low in implementation cost and wide in application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wave plate set design method for compensating any optical phase delay applied to a laser scanning confocal microscope system;
fig. 2 is an optical phase retardation diagram of light reflected by a dichroic mirror.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser scanning confocal microscope system to which a wave plate set design method for compensating any optical phase retardation according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, where the system of the embodiment includes: 1. a laser; 2. a linear polarizer; 3. a total reflection mirror; 4. a half-wave plate; 5. a quarter wave plate; 6. a dichroic mirror; 7. an objective lens; 8. a sample cell; 9. a photodetector. The light wave output by the laser 1 is modulated into linearly polarized light by the linear polarizer 2, the linearly polarized light is incident to the half-wave plate 4 and the dichroic mirror 6 after passing through the full-reflecting mirror 3, then the linearly polarized light is modulated by the quarter-wave plate 5 and reaches the sample cell 8 from the objective lens 7, a sample in the sample cell 8 is irradiated by excitation light, emitted detection light respectively reaches the photoelectric detector 9 through the objective lens 7 and the dichroic mirror 6, optical phase delay caused by non-design factors introduced by the dichroic mirror 6 is compensated by adjusting the half-wave plate 4 and the quarter-wave plate 5 in the wave plate group, so that the excitation light incident to the objective lens 7 is regulated and controlled to obtain output light waves of which the polarization state is circularly polarized light, and finally the purpose of improving the resolution of a microscope system.
A wave plate set consisting of a linear polarizer 2, a half-wave plate 4 and a quarter-wave plate 6 is placed at the front or rear end of a dichroic mirror 5 as shown in fig. 1.
A Cartesian coordinate system is established by taking the fast axis of the dichroic mirror 6 as the x axis, the included angle between the fast axis of the quarter-wave plate and the x axis is theta, and the included angle between the fast axis of the half-wave plate and the x axis is alpha; the wavelength of the exciting light output by the laser 1 is 550 nanometers, and the exciting light is adjusted into linearly polarized light through the linear polarizer 2. The excitation light is emitted to a half-wave plate 4 through a full-reflecting mirror 3, and the excitation light is modulated by the half-wave plate 4 to form a Jones vector E0Comprises the following steps:
E0the excitation light having a wavelength of 550 nm is incident on the dichroic mirror 6, and as shown in fig. 2, the optical phase delay η due to the non-design factor introduced by the dichroic mirror 6 becomes 0.0332. And sequentially multiplying the Jones matrix of the dichroic mirror 6 and the Jones matrix of the quarter-wave plate by the light wave incidence sequence in the light path to obtain the Jones matrix of the optical system modulated by the wave plate set, wherein the Jones matrix is as follows:
the Jones matrix of the optical system modulated by the wave plate group and the Jones vector of the incident light wave are sequentially multiplied to the left to obtain the Jones vector E of the emergent light wave modulated by the dichroic mirror 6 and the wave plate group1Comprises the following steps:
wherein:
the required circularly polarized light jones vector is:
wherein:
a＝0，b＝1，c＝0，d＝1；
modulating the excitation light passing through the linear polarizer 2, the half-wave plate 4, the dichroic mirror 6 and the quarter-wave plate 5 to emit Jones vector E1Jones vector E with desired circularly polarized lightoutAnd comparing, and calculating an included angle theta between the fast axis of the quarter-wave plate 6 and the x axis and an included angle alpha between the fast axis of the half-wave plate 4 and the x axis which need to be adjusted as follows:
α is 0 °, θ is 45 ° or α is 90 °, θ is-45 °.
Meanwhile, the included angle theta between the fast axis of the rotating quarter-wave plate 6 and the x axis is 45 degrees, and the included angle alpha between the fast axis of the half-wave plate 4 and the x axis is 0 degree; or, the included angle theta between the fast axis of the quarter-wave plate 6 and the x axis is rotated to be-45 degrees, and the included angle alpha between the fast axis of the half-wave plate 4 and the x axis is rotated to be 90 degrees. At this time, jones vector E of the modulated outgoing light wave1Comprises the following steps:
wherein:
at this time, the compensation of the optical phase retardation due to the non-design factor introduced by the dichroic mirror 6 is completed by the modulation of the linear polarizer 2, the half-wave plate 4, and the quarter-wave plate 5, thereby obtaining E1Is circularly polarized light as required.
Claims (5)
1. A wave plate set design method for compensating any optical phase delay is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the wave plate set is arranged at the front end or the rear end of an optical path of the optical system with the optical phase delay to be compensated, and the wave plate set is arranged perpendicular to the propagation direction of light waves in the optical path and is used for compensating the optical phase delay generated by the optical system with the optical phase delay to be compensated; the wave plate group is a combination of a half-wave plate and a quarter-wave plate;
2) establishing a Cartesian coordinate system by taking an optical system to be compensated for optical phase delay as a reference, wherein the fast axis direction of the optical system is an abscissa and the slow axis direction of the optical system is an ordinate;
3) sequentially and left-multiplying the Jones matrix of the optical system to be compensated for optical phase delay and the Jones matrix of the wave plate set in the step 1) according to the incident order of light waves in the light path to obtain the Jones matrix of the optical system modulated by the wave plate set;
4) sequentially left-multiplying the Jones matrix of the optical system to be compensated with the optical phase delay modulated by the wave plate group in the step 3) by the Jones vector of the incident light wave to obtain the Jones vector of the emergent light wave modulated by the optical system to be compensated with the optical phase delay and the wave plate group;
5) comparing the Jones vector of the outgoing light wave modulated by the optical system with the optical phase delay to be compensated and the wave plate set in the step 4) with the Jones vector corresponding to the polarization state of the outgoing light wave, and calculating the included angle between each wave plate in the wave plate set to be adjusted and the horizontal coordinate of the reference coordinate system;
6) and (5) rotating each wave plate in the wave plate group according to the abscissa included angle between each wave plate in the wave plate group and the reference coordinate system, so as to complete the compensation of the optical phase delay generated by the optical phase delay optical system to be compensated.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of designing the waveplate set for compensating any optical phase retardation comprises: the fast axis of the optical system to be compensated for optical phase delay in step 2) is the polarization direction of the fast propagating light wave component, and the vertical direction thereof is the slow axis direction.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of designing the waveplate set for compensating any optical phase retardation comprises: the Jones matrix in the wave plate group in the step 3) comprises a Jones matrix of a half-wave plate and a Jones matrix of a quarter-wave plate.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of designing the waveplate set for compensating any optical phase retardation comprises: the included angle between the wave plate in the wave plate set to be adjusted and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system in the step 5) comprises: the included angle between the fast axis of the quarter-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system and the included angle between the fast axis of the half-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of designing the waveplate set for compensating any optical phase retardation comprises: the modulation method of each wave plate in the rotating wave plate group in the step 6) comprises the following steps: and simultaneously rotating the included angle between the fast axis of the quarter-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system and the included angle between the fast axis of the half-wave plate and the abscissa of the reference coordinate system.
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| CN110146993A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-20 | 李卫 | A kind of method and apparatus for the biasing of fibre ring interferometer passive phase |
| CN112219143B (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2022-11-22 | 加里夏普创新有限责任公司 | Retarder stack pair for polarization basis vector conversion |
| CN109932827B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-12-31 | 惠州学院 | All-optical waveguide device based on cooperative utilization of polarization information and intensity information |
| CN110208951A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-06 | 业成科技（成都）有限公司 | Wear the thin light optical system of virtual reality display device |
| CN110716314A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-01-21 | 深圳惠牛科技有限公司 | Light and thin type optical module and VR equipment |
| CN112558332A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-03-26 | 山西大学 | Automatic phase compensation device and use method thereof |
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