CN107908022B - Optical fiber isolator and method of use thereof - Google Patents

Optical fiber isolator and method of use thereof Download PDF

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CN107908022B
CN107908022B CN201711395056.1A CN201711395056A CN107908022B CN 107908022 B CN107908022 B CN 107908022B CN 201711395056 A CN201711395056 A CN 201711395056A CN 107908022 B CN107908022 B CN 107908022B
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polarization
optical
splitting
magneto
polarization beam
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CN107908022A (en
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邓剑钦
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ADVANCED FIBER RESOURCES (ZHUHAI) Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • G02F1/095Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect in an optical waveguide structure
    • G02F1/0955Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect in an optical waveguide structure used as non-reciprocal devices, e.g. optical isolators, circulators
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/264Optical coupling means with optical elements between opposed fibre ends which perform a function other than beam splitting
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2746Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means comprising non-reciprocal devices, e.g. isolators, FRM, circulators, quasi-isolators

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an optical fiber isolator and a use method thereof, wherein the optical fiber isolator is provided with a collimator, a first polarization beam splitting element, a polarization optical rotation element, a magneto-optical rotation component and a second polarization beam splitting element along the optical path direction, the first polarization beam splitting element is used for outputting first polarization beam splitting transmitted along the first polarization beam splitting optical path, the first polarization beam splitting element is used for outputting second polarization beam splitting transmitted along the second polarization beam splitting optical path, the first polarization beam splitting optical path passes through the first magneto-optical rotation element, the second polarization beam splitting optical path passes through the second magneto-optical rotation element, the second polarization beam splitting element is used for outputting forward combined beam light, and the use ratio of a clear aperture is effectively improved through the first magneto-optical rotation element and the second magneto-optical rotation element which are arranged separately, so that the cost of the magneto-optical rotation element is greatly reduced, and in actual debugging use, compared with a large-diameter optical crystal, the optical fiber isolator is more flexible, and the debugging precision and isolation are further facilitated.

Description

Optical fiber isolator and method of use thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical isolators, in particular to an optical fiber isolator and a use method thereof.
Background
In high power laser systems, an optical isolator is often added to allow light to pass only in one direction in order to prevent the return light from affecting the stable operation of the laser and even damaging components within the laser.
The existing optical isolator is provided with an optical rotation device and a polarization beam splitting device, when strong reflected light returns, light can not return to the laser in an original way through the cooperation of the optical rotation device and the polarization beam splitting device, wherein a core component of the optical isolator is Faraday optical rotation crystal (TGG crystal), the TGG crystal is the optical isolator which occupies the most important cost, a circular TGG crystal is used for a conventional polarization independent optical fiber isolator, two polarization beams are all transmitted through the same TGG crystal, under the general condition, the two polarization beams are transmitted through one TGG crystal, the use proportion of the clear aperture of the TGG crystal is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the visible use rate is very low.
For high power isolators, such as 500W-1000W high power lasers, in order to reduce the risk of laser damage, the beam diameter of the collimator must be designed to be larger, and the larger beam diameter also requires larger beam separation (i.e. the distance between polarized split beams), so that TGG crystals with larger aperture are required to meet the transmission of large beams and large walk-off beams, as the clear aperture of the TGG crystals increases, the purchase price is almost square-fold, and the requirement of the TGG crystals with increased diameter is larger, particularly the uniformity of the TGG crystals, so that the uniformity of the extinction ratio ER of the TGG crystals is generally affected, the uniformity of the polarization rotation angle is also affected, and the forward loss and the reverse isolation are affected by the non-uniformity of the rotation angle.
Disclosure of Invention
The first object of the invention is to provide an optical fiber isolator with high utilization rate of clear aperture and high isolation.
The second object of the invention is to provide a method for using the optical fiber isolator with high utilization rate of clear aperture, high isolation and high precision debugging.
In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the present invention provides an optical fiber isolator characterized in that a collimator, a first polarization splitting element, a polarization rotation element, a magneto-optical rotation element, and a second polarization splitting element are provided in an optical path direction;
The first polarization splitting element is used for receiving forward input light output by the collimator, outputting first polarization splitting light transmitted along the first polarization splitting light path, and outputting second polarization splitting light transmitted along the second polarization splitting light path;
the magnetoelectric optical rotation component comprises a first magnetoelectric optical rotation element and a second magnetoelectric optical rotation element;
the first polarization beam splitting optical path sequentially passes through the first polarization beam splitting element, the polarization rotation element, the first magneto rotation element and the second polarization beam splitting element;
The second polarization beam splitting optical path sequentially passes through the first polarization beam splitting element, the polarization rotation element, the second magneto-rotation element and the second polarization beam splitting element;
the second polarization beam splitting element is used for outputting forward combined light.
According to the scheme, the first and second magneto-optical elements are arranged in a separated mode, and then the polarized split beams respectively pass through the first and second magneto-optical elements, so that the utilization rate of a clear aperture is effectively improved, the cost of the magneto-optical elements is greatly reduced, and in addition, in actual debugging and use, the optical crystal has flexibility compared with an optical crystal with a large diameter, and the debugging precision and isolation degree are improved.
In a further aspect, the first polarization beam has a spot area S1, the first magnetoelectric element has an end surface area S2,≤30%。
In a further embodiment, the second polarization beam has a spot area S3, the second magnetoelectric element has an end surface area S4,≤30%。
From the above, the problem of beam separation inside one optical rotation crystal can be avoided due to the separate arrangement of the magneto-optical rotation elements, and the aperture utilization rate of the clear light can be greatly improved.
In a still further aspect, the angle of the polarization reflecting surface of the first polarization splitting element is 45 ° or more.
From the above, the angle of the reflection surface is designed to be larger than 45 degrees, such as a broadband polarization reflection surface and the like, so that the large-angle polarization reflection surface is beneficial to reducing the film plating difficulty of the PBS polarization reflection surface, improving the ER of the reverse transmission light path and achieving the purpose of improving the isolation.
The optical axis of the collimator and the first polarization beam splitting optical path are arranged in a collinear way;
the optical fiber isolator is also provided with a third polarization splitting element, the third polarization splitting element is positioned on the first polarization splitting optical path, and the third polarization splitting element is positioned between the first polarization splitting element and the polarization rotation element.
From the above, the third polarization beam splitter is used to increase the extinction ratio of the reverse transmission horizontal polarization component, so as to increase the overall isolation.
In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the present invention provides an optical fiber isolator characterized in that a second polarization splitting element, a magneto-optical rotation element, a polarization rotation element, a first polarization splitting element, and a collimator are provided in an optical path direction;
The second polarization splitting element is used for receiving reverse input light, outputting first polarization splitting light transmitted along the first polarization splitting light path, and outputting second polarization splitting light transmitted along the second polarization splitting light path;
the magnetoelectric optical rotation component comprises a first magnetoelectric optical rotation element and a second magnetoelectric optical rotation element;
the first polarization beam splitting optical path sequentially passes through the second polarization beam splitting element, the first magneto-optical element, the polarization optical rotation element and the first polarization beam splitting element;
the second polarization beam splitting optical path sequentially passes through the second polarization beam splitting element, the second magneto-optical element, the polarization optical rotation element and the first polarization beam splitting element;
The first polarization beam splitting element is used for outputting first polarization beam splitting and second polarization beam splitting towards different directions respectively.
According to the scheme, the first and second magneto-optical elements are arranged in a separated mode, and then the polarized split beams respectively pass through the first and second magneto-optical elements, so that the utilization rate of a clear aperture is effectively improved, the cost of the magneto-optical elements is greatly reduced, and in addition, in actual debugging and use, the optical crystal has flexibility compared with an optical crystal with a large diameter, and the debugging precision and isolation degree are improved.
In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for using an optical fiber isolator, the optical fiber isolator adopting the above scheme, the method for using the optical fiber isolator comprising:
light is transmitted through the optical fiber isolator;
Testing to obtain isolation;
and respectively carrying out position adjustment on the first magnetic rotation element or/and the second magnetic rotation element according to the isolation degree.
According to the scheme, the first and second magneto-optical elements are arranged in a separated mode, and then the polarized split beams respectively pass through the first and second magneto-optical elements, so that the utilization rate of a clear aperture is effectively improved, the cost of the magneto-optical elements is greatly reduced, and in actual use and debugging use, the optical elements can be adjusted according to actual isolation or extinction ratio due to the independent arrangement, so that the optical crystal has flexibility compared with an optical crystal with a large diameter, and the debugging precision and isolation are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a forward optical path of a first embodiment of the fiber optic isolator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the reverse optical path of a first embodiment of the fiber optic isolator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the transmission of a magneto-optical element in a first embodiment of the optical fiber isolator of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the forward optical path of a second embodiment of the fiber optic isolator of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the reverse optical path of a second embodiment of the fiber optic isolator of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a forward optical path of a third embodiment of a fiber isolator according to the present invention
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
First embodiment of fiber isolator:
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the optical fiber isolator is provided with a collimator 11, a first polarization splitting element 12, a wave plate 13, a magneto-optical rotation component, and a second polarization splitting element 15 in the forward optical path direction, the first polarization splitting element 12 and the second polarization splitting element 15 adopt PBS crystals, which are provided with two polarization medium films in the vertical direction, polarization reflection surfaces of the two polarization medium films are parallel, and then the first polarization splitting optical path and the second polarization splitting optical path are made parallel, and an optical axis of the collimator 11 and the first polarization splitting optical path are arranged collinearly. The wave plate 13 may be a half wave plate, although other polarization rotation elements may be used. The magneto-optical element comprises a first magneto-optical element 141 and a second magneto-optical element 142, which uses a faraday rotator of a TGG crystal, although other magneto-optical elements may be used. In addition to the use of a wave plate as the polarization rotator, other conventional polarization rotators such as quartz polarizer 31 (see fig. 6) may be used to achieve the object of the present invention.
When forward light is transmitted, the first polarization splitting element 12 is used for receiving forward input light output by the collimator 11, the first polarization splitting element 12 performs polarization splitting according to an optical path shown in the figure, outputs a first polarization splitting beam 161 transmitted along a first polarization splitting optical path, and outputs a second polarization splitting beam 162 transmitted along a second polarization splitting optical path, the polarization states of the first polarization splitting beam 161 and the second polarization splitting beam 162 are perpendicular to each other, meanwhile, the first polarization splitting optical path and the first polarization splitting beam 161 sequentially pass through the first polarization splitting element 12, the wave plate 13 and the first magneto-optical element 141 and finally enter the second polarization splitting element 15, and the second polarization splitting optical path sequentially passes through the first polarization splitting element 12, the wave plate 13, the second magneto-optical element 142 and the second polarization splitting element 15, and finally passes through the combined beam of the second polarization splitting element 15 and then outputs forward combined light with high extinction ratio
When light is transmitted in the opposite direction, the second polarization splitting element 15, the magnetoelectric optical rotation component, the wave plate 13, the first polarization splitting element 12 and the collimator 11 are sequentially arranged along the opposite direction, after the opposite input light enters the second polarization splitting element 15, the first polarization splitting light is output along the first polarization splitting light path, and the second polarization splitting light is output along the second polarization splitting light path, the first polarization splitting light path sequentially passes through the second polarization splitting element 15, the first magnetoelectric optical rotation element 141, the wave plate 13 and the first polarization splitting element 12, finally the first polarization splitting light is emitted towards the 90-degree angle along the first polarization splitting light path and does not enter the collimator, and the second polarization splitting light path sequentially passes through the second polarization splitting element 15, the second magnetoelectric optical rotation element 142, the wave plate 13 and the first polarization splitting element 12, and the second polarization splitting light is continuously emitted along the second polarization splitting light path, and finally does not enter the collimator, namely the first polarization splitting element 12 is used for outputting the first polarization splitting light and the second polarization splitting light towards different directions, so as to realize light isolation.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the spot area of the first polarization beam splitter 161 is S1, the end surface area of the first magneto-optical element 141 is S2, and the aperture utilization rate of the light can be reachedLess than or equal to 30 percent, the light spot area of the second polarization beam splitter 162 is S3, the end surface area of the second magneto-optical rotation element 142 is S4, and the utilization rate of the clear aperture can be reachedLess than or equal to 30 percent, preferably, can be set as≤25%,≤25%。
From the above, the structure of the isolator is compact, the reverse transmission beam is large in distance and high in isolation, and when the isolator is used for a high-power isolator, reverse light is easy to process, concentrated heating is prevented, the TGG clear aperture is fully utilized, and simultaneously, the collimated beam with larger diameter can be allowed to be processed, so that the influence of thermal lens effect is reduced, and in addition, the surfaces of all optical elements are designed with small incident angles, so that the purpose of improving return loss is achieved.
Second embodiment of fiber isolator:
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in addition to the first embodiment, the optical fiber isolator is further provided with a third polarization splitting element 21, the third polarization splitting element 21 is provided with only one polarization medium film, the polarization reflection surface of the third polarization splitting element 21 is parallel to the polarization reflection surface of the first polarization splitting element, the third polarization splitting element 21 is located on the first polarization splitting optical path, and the third polarization splitting element 21 is located between the first polarization splitting element 12 and the wave plate 13.
When light is transmitted in the forward direction, the first polarized light is directly transmitted through the third polarized light splitting element 21, and when light is transmitted in the reverse direction, part of reverse light can be separated and reflected and emitted towards 90 degrees, so that the extinction ratio of the reverse transmission horizontal polarized component can be improved, and the aim of improving the overall isolation degree is fulfilled.
Third embodiment of fiber isolator:
On the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the polarization reflection surface of the first polarization splitting element 12 may be optimized, specifically, the angle of the polarization reflection surface is designed to be greater than or equal to 45 °, for example, a broadband polarization reflection surface, etc., which is favorable for reducing the difficulty of film plating of the PBS polarization reflection surface, improving ER of the reverse transmission optical path, and achieving the purpose of improving isolation.
Method of use of the fiber isolator embodiment:
The application method of the optical fiber isolator applied to the embodiment of the optical fiber isolator can be an operation step of a user in actual use or an operation step of the optical fiber isolator in factory debugging and use, and the application method comprises the following steps:
the light passing through the optical fiber isolator outputs forward combined light, and meanwhile, reverse light is input to the optical fiber isolator;
isolation can be tested by the conventional instrument and method, such as a beam splitting optical path, a detector and the like;
The first magneto-optical element 141 and/or the second magneto-optical element 142 are/is adjusted according to the isolation degree, the position adjustment includes rotation, movement, offset, etc., and since the uniformity of extinction ratio of TGG with large diameter has great process difficulty, it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of each TGG crystal, while the case can use TGG crystal or magneto-optical element with relatively smaller diameter, the yield is high, thus the uniformity of extinction ratio is relatively ensured, and the adjustment in the prior art can only adjust one TGG crystal, while the case is to independently debug two TGG crystals, which is also beneficial to improving the debugging precision.
The object of the present invention can be achieved by using a biaxial crystal such as YVO4 for the polarizing beam splitter.
From the above, through the first magnetic rotation component and the second magnetic rotation component that separate and set up, then the polarization beam splitter passes through respectively, then effectively improve clear aperture utilization ratio, not only greatly reduced the cost of magnetic rotation component, but also because the single setting, in actual use and debugging use, can adjust optical rotation component according to actual isolation or extinction ratio, compare in a major diameter optical rotation crystal possess more flexibility, then be favorable to improving debugging precision and isolation.

Claims (10)

1. An optical fiber isolator characterized in that a collimator, a first polarization splitting element, a polarization rotation element, a magneto-optical rotation element, and a second polarization splitting element are provided in the optical path direction;
The first polarization splitting element is used for receiving the forward input light output by the collimator, outputting first polarization splitting light transmitted along a first polarization splitting light path, and outputting second polarization splitting light transmitted along a second polarization splitting light path;
The magneto-optical rotation component comprises a first magneto-optical rotation element and a second magneto-optical rotation element;
the first polarization beam splitting optical path sequentially passes through the first polarization beam splitting element, the polarization optical rotation element, the first magneto-optical rotation element and the second polarization beam splitting element;
The second polarization beam splitting optical path sequentially passes through the first polarization beam splitting element, the vibration optical element, the second magneto-optical element and the second polarization beam splitting element;
the second polarization beam splitting element is used for outputting forward combined light.
2. The fiber optic isolator of claim 1, wherein:
The light spot area of the first polarization beam splitter is S1, and the end surface area of the first magneto-optical rotation element is S2, wherein S1/S2 is less than or equal to 30%.
3. The fiber optic isolator of claim 1, wherein:
The light spot area of the second polarization beam splitter is S3, and the end surface area of the second magneto-optical rotation element is S4, wherein S3/S4 is less than or equal to 30%.
4. The fiber optic isolator of claim 1, wherein:
the angle of the polarization reflecting surface of the first polarization splitting element is more than or equal to 45 degrees.
5. The fiber optic isolator of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
The optical axis of the collimator and the first polarization beam splitting optical path are arranged in a collinear way;
The optical fiber isolator is further provided with a third polarization splitting element, the third polarization splitting element is located on the first polarization splitting optical path, and the third polarization splitting element is located between the first polarization splitting element and the polarization rotation element.
6. An optical fiber isolator characterized in that a second polarization splitting element, a magneto-optical rotation component, a polarization optical rotation element, a first polarization splitting element and a collimator are arranged along the optical path direction;
The second polarization splitting element is used for receiving reverse input light, outputting first polarization splitting light transmitted along the first polarization splitting light path, and outputting second polarization splitting light transmitted along the second polarization splitting light path;
The magneto-optical rotation component comprises a first magneto-optical rotation element and a second magneto-optical rotation element;
the first polarization beam splitting optical path sequentially passes through the second polarization beam splitting element, the first magneto-optical element, the polarization optical rotation element and the first polarization beam splitting element;
the second polarization beam splitting optical path sequentially passes through the second polarization beam splitting element, the second magneto-optical element, the polarization optical rotation element and the first polarization beam splitting element;
the first polarization beam splitting element is used for outputting the first polarization beam splitting and the second polarization beam splitting towards different directions respectively.
7. The fiber optic isolator of claim 6, wherein:
The light spot area of the first polarization beam splitter is S1, and the end surface area of the first magneto-optical rotation element is S2, wherein S1/S2 is less than or equal to 30%.
8. The fiber optic isolator of claim 6, wherein:
the angle of the polarization reflecting surface of the first polarization splitting element is more than or equal to 45 degrees.
9. The fiber optic isolator of any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein:
The optical axis of the collimator and the first polarization beam splitting optical path are arranged in a collinear way;
The optical fiber isolator is further provided with a third polarization splitting element, the third polarization splitting element is located on the first polarization splitting optical path, and the third polarization splitting element is located between the first polarization splitting element and the polarization rotation element.
10. A method of using an optical fiber isolator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
Light is conducted on the optical fiber isolator;
Testing to obtain isolation;
and respectively carrying out position adjustment on the first magnetic rotation element or/and the second magnetic rotation element according to the isolation degree.
CN201711395056.1A 2017-12-21 2017-12-21 Optical fiber isolator and method of use thereof Active CN107908022B (en)

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CN108490548B (en) * 2018-05-04 2024-01-30 中山铟尼镭斯科技有限公司 Integrated band-pass filter isolator
CN110568637B (en) * 2019-09-04 2024-05-03 珠海光库科技股份有限公司 Optical fiber isolator, laser and industrial equipment
CN113009631B (en) * 2021-03-02 2023-03-28 杭州奥创光子技术有限公司 Multifunctional optical isolator, amplifier, laser and debugging method
CN113885231A (en) * 2021-09-13 2022-01-04 珠海光库科技股份有限公司 Optical isolator

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CN102798989A (en) * 2012-08-30 2012-11-28 深圳市艾格莱光电科技有限公司 Faraday optical rotation method and device, and optical isolation method and device using Faraday optical rotation device
CN103913857A (en) * 2014-04-01 2014-07-09 深圳市艾格莱光电科技有限公司 Optical isolation method and optical isolation device
CN207780406U (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-08-28 珠海光库科技股份有限公司 Fibre optic isolater

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0651242A (en) * 1992-07-31 1994-02-25 Fujitsu Ltd Optoisolator and light amplifier equipped therewith
JP2004094199A (en) * 1995-06-02 2004-03-25 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Laser device
CN102798989A (en) * 2012-08-30 2012-11-28 深圳市艾格莱光电科技有限公司 Faraday optical rotation method and device, and optical isolation method and device using Faraday optical rotation device
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CN207780406U (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-08-28 珠海光库科技股份有限公司 Fibre optic isolater

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