CN107101914A - A kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system - Google Patents

A kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107101914A
CN107101914A CN201710496603.9A CN201710496603A CN107101914A CN 107101914 A CN107101914 A CN 107101914A CN 201710496603 A CN201710496603 A CN 201710496603A CN 107101914 A CN107101914 A CN 107101914A
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soil
post
measuring system
oozes
percolate
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侯红
上官宇先
姚娜
秦晓鹏
薛文娟
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • G01N13/04Investigating osmotic effects

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system, including:Soil oozes worry post, monitoring device and control device;Soil, which oozes worry post, to be included:Shell and liner;The inside that soil oozes the liner for considering post is filled with:Test soil and contaminated soil;Soil oozes is respectively equipped with sample tap and sensor interface in the middle part of worry post;Bottom is provided with percolate discharge outlet;Monitoring device includes:Sensor and soil liquid collector;Sensor and soil liquid collector are arranged in experiment soil by sensor interface and sample tap respectively;Control device control monitoring device collection experiment pollutant in soil oozes worry data.The present invention arranges monitoring device by being oozed in soil on worry post, controller control monitoring device collection soil oozes pollutant vertical migration amount in worry post, realizes to pollutant in the measure of vertical direction migration amount, improves the accuracy of detection, with practical, the characteristics of being easy to use.

Description

A kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil monitoring technical field, and in particular to a kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system.
Background technology
Soil be the mankind depend on for existence and its all social activitieies primary condition, with the rapid development of modern industry, The demand of industrial land is increasing, and world population is continuously increased, and the demand to agriculture plantation is also increasing so that work Agricultural produces implacable contradiction in the use in soil.Thus, the yield of crops in limited soil is improved, is to solve lance One of effective ways of shield, and appropriate mineral nutrient element is provided for crop by fertilising, it is to ensure crop yield, quality One of essential measure.According to statistics, the annual fertilizer number for applying farmland in the whole world is with ten million ton, but in actual applications, due to mistake The fertilising of degree ground, is easily caused soil hardening and the salinization of soil again, directly affects grain-production again in turn and causes Serious environmental pollution, is the great restrictive condition and barrier factors of agricultural development and agricultural sustainable development.
The migration of the heavy metals such as the pollutant in soil is affected by many factors, and soil property, leaching condition and oxidation Reducing condition is the factor of most critical.It is with single step or continuous mostly on the research of pollutant mobility and biological effectiveness Extraction method, once balance method seek Kd values, analyze with the correlation of the content of pollutant in plant and ground with indoor leaching experiment Study carefully the migration of pollutant, existing method can not migration feature of the objective reaction contaminant in true field soil environment, with And reflection pollutant is remained in significant limitation on the migration rule in soil.
The content of the invention
For defect of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system, realized To pollutant in the measure of vertical direction migration amount, the accuracy of detection is improved, with practical, easy to use spy Point,
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system, including:Soil oozes worry post, for monitoring soil Earth oozes the control device considered the monitoring device of post and be connected with monitoring device;
The soil, which oozes worry post, to be included:Using the shell and the liner of the second material of the first material;The soil oozes worry post The inside of liner be filled with:Test soil and contaminated soil;The soil oozes the middle part for considering post and passes through shell and liner, point She You not sample tap and sensor interface;Bottom is provided with percolate discharge outlet;Wherein, the contaminated soil is in the experiment soil On, pollutant is migrated into experiment soil vertically downward in the contaminated soil;
The monitoring device includes:Sensor and soil liquid collector;The sensor oozes worry post by the soil The sensor interface at middle part is arranged in experiment soil, and the soil liquid collector is oozed by the soil considers taking in the middle part of post Sample mouth is arranged in experiment soil;
What the control device controlled the monitoring device collection experiment pollutant in soil oozes worry data.
Optionally, the measuring system also includes:Agitation Tank and the water-locator being connected with Agitation Tank;
Be stored with testing liquid in the Agitation Tank;Testing liquid in the Agitation Tank is sprayed at dirt by the water-locator Contaminate on soil.
Optionally, the middle part of the Agitation Tank is provided with agitating device, and the agitating device is connected with the control device; The control device controls the agitating device to be stirred the liquid in the Agitation Tank to form the testing liquid.
Optionally, the soil oozes the top for considering post provided with gap;The percolate discharge outlet of bottom passes through connecting pipe The percolate that the percolate discharge outlet is discharged is delivered to leachate collection tank.
Optionally, the monitoring device also includes:It is arranged on the flow control between the Agitation Tank and the water-locator Device, the flow controller is connected with the control device, and the control device is controlled and remembered according to the flow controller The metering for the testing liquid that record enters in contaminated soil.
Optionally, the monitoring device also includes:Be arranged on the percolate discharge outlet and the leachate collection tank it Between percolate meter;The percolate meter is connected with the control device, and the control device oozes according to Filtrate meter records the metering that the soil oozes the percolate for considering post.
Optionally, the percolate meter uses magnetic turnover panel flowmeter.
Optionally, the sensor includes:ORP sensors, TDR sensors and temperature sensor.
Optionally, the control device includes:Display instrument, power distribution cabinet and data processor;
The power distribution cabinet is connected with the display instrument and data processor respectively;The display instrument and the data Processor is connected;
The data processor includes:Electrode converting unit, the data for sensor to be gathered are changed and sent Shown to the display instrument.
Optionally, first material is carbon steel, and second material is butyl rubber.
As shown from the above technical solution, a kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system of the present invention, by Soil, which oozes, arranges monitoring device on worry post, controller control monitoring device collection soil oozes pollutant vertical migration amount in worry post, Realize to pollutant in the measure of vertical direction migration amount, improve the accuracy of detection, with practical, be easy to use The characteristics of;Migration of the pollutant at soil vertical interface can be accurately characterized by detecting pollutant in vertical direction migration amount Situation, basis is provided for the migration of pollutant in the environment.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are the present invention Some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also basis These accompanying drawings obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system of the present invention.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In accompanying drawing, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system, and referring to Fig. 1, the system is specifically wrapped Include:Soil oozes worry post, and the control device considered the monitoring device of post and be connected with monitoring device is oozed for monitoring soil;
The soil, which oozes worry post, to be included:Using the shell and the liner of the second material of the first material;The soil oozes worry post The inside of liner be filled with:Test soil and contaminated soil;The soil oozes the middle part for considering post and passes through shell and liner, point She You not sample tap and sensor interface;Bottom is provided with percolate discharge outlet;Wherein, the contaminated soil is in the experiment soil On, pollutant is migrated into experiment soil vertically downward in the contaminated soil;First material is carbon steel, described second Material is butyl rubber.
In specific application, worry post is oozed based on soil, adds contaminated soil in soil oozes worry post, oozed by soil Consider post reduction contaminated soil;And the equipment of soil Vertical Migration amount is monitored provided with mode at the middle part that soil oozes worry post Interface.The Vertical Migration amount of convenient collection pollutant.
The monitoring device includes:Sensor and soil liquid collector;The sensor oozes worry post by the soil The sensor interface at middle part is arranged in experiment soil, and the soil liquid collector is oozed by the soil considers taking in the middle part of post Sample mouth is arranged in experiment soil;
In specific application, oozed in soil and connect monitoring device on worry post, oozed in soil and carry out spray solution mould on worry post Intend natural precipitation, pass through monitoring device monitoring pollution thing Vertical Migration amount in soil, it is to avoid indoor leaching experiment is not Accuracy and otherness.
Soil moisture sampler, which realizes not destroy soil and ooze, considers direct, multiple collection in the case of post and soil profile The purpose of the soil liquid, (the length × width × height for considering post is oozed by soil:1m × 1m × 1.6m) different depth (per 10cm) placement Soil moisture sampler, collects and surveys the soil liquid, different depth placement ORP (Oxidation-Reduction Potential) sensor, temperature sensor, TDR (time domain reflectometry) sensor, it is online to obtain oxidation The data such as reduction potential, the soil moisture and moisture.
What the control device controlled the monitoring device collection experiment pollutant in soil oozes worry data.
In specific application, on the basis of soil oozes worry post, realized using control device and worry is oozed to soil post is vertical moves The measurement of shifting amount, realizes that soil oozes worry post and combined with automatic control system, can continuously and automatically monitor in soil and pollute The migration situation of thing is pollutant monitoring in the environment and assesses and provides foundation.
It was found from foregoing description, a kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system that the present embodiment is provided, by soil Earth, which oozes, arranges monitoring device on worry post, controller control monitoring device collection soil oozes pollutant vertical migration amount in worry post, real Show to pollutant in the measure of vertical direction migration amount, improved the accuracy of detection, it is easy to use with practical Feature;Migration shape of the pollutant at soil vertical interface can be accurately characterized by detecting pollutant in vertical direction migration amount Condition, basis is provided for the migration of pollutant in the environment;Experimental condition and environmental condition can also be regulated and controled, obtain field real Some data that can not be obtained with laboratory experiment are tested, more objective measurement result is obtained, so as to the Transport And Transformation of pollutant Mechanism simulation and mathematical prediction are carried out, to judge it to environment, the particularly influence to underground water.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system, referring to Fig. 2, in above-described embodiment On the basis of, the system is specifically included:Agitation Tank and the water-locator being connected with Agitation Tank;
Be stored with testing liquid in the Agitation Tank;Testing liquid in the Agitation Tank is sprayed at dirt by the water-locator Contaminate on soil.
In specific application, the middle part of the Agitation Tank is provided with agitating device, the agitating device and the control device It is connected;The control device controls the agitating device to be stirred the liquid in the Agitation Tank, and to form the experiment molten Liquid.The top for considering post is oozed in soil provided with gap;The excessive testing liquid of water-locator sprinkling can flow out from the gap, And collector comes.The percolate that percolate discharge outlet in bottom is discharged the percolate discharge outlet by connecting pipe is conveyed To leachate collection tank, it is to avoid the pollution caused to soil that leaks of pollutant.
The monitoring device also includes:The flow controller between the Agitation Tank and the water-locator is arranged on, it is described Flow controller is connected with the control device, and the control device is controlled and recorded according to the flow controller into dirty Contaminate the metering of the testing liquid in soil;
And, it is arranged on the percolate meter between the percolate discharge outlet and the leachate collection tank;It is described Percolate meter is connected with the control device, and the control device records the soil according to the percolate meter Ooze the metering for the percolate for considering post.
Further, the percolate meter uses magnetic turnover panel flowmeter.
It was found from foregoing description, a kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system that the present embodiment is provided realizes soil Ooze worry post with automatic control system to combine, the migration situation that can continuously and automatically monitor pollutant in soil is pollutant Monitoring in the environment and assess foundation be provided, realize to pollutant vertical direction migration amount measure, with practicality By force, the characteristics of being easy to use.
Further, in above-described embodiment, the control device includes:Display instrument, power distribution cabinet and data processor;
The power distribution cabinet is connected with the display instrument and data processor respectively;The display instrument and the data Processor is connected;The data processor includes:Electrode converting unit, the data for sensor to be gathered are changed simultaneously Send to the display instrument and shown.
It was found from foregoing description, control device be mainly used in implementing in control room to ORP sensors, temperature sensor, The automatic record of TDR sensors and percolate meter experimental data, and liquid level, the liquid level of flow control cabinet to Agitation Tank And the water distribution situation such as number of water automatically controlling and recording automatically, realize that soil oozes worry post and combined with automatic control system Come, can continuously and automatically monitor the migration situation of pollutant in soil.
A kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system, including soil filtration post, monitoring device and control device.Its In, soil filtration post includes:Agitation Tank, earth pillar, flow controller and percolate meter;Monitoring device includes:Water-locator, soil Earth solution collector, ORP sensors, TDR sensors and temperature sensor;Control device includes:Power distribution cabinet, monitoring computer And display instrument.
1st, soil filtration post:
Agitation Tank:It is mainly used in configuring testing liquid.Totally 4 sets, size is Ф 1500 × 2200, and glass steel material is enterprising Electric stirring is provided with the middle part of underwater drainage, automatic liquid level control, Agitation Tank.
Flow controller:It is mainly used in controlling and records the experimental liquid consumption into soil filtration post, totally 15 sets, casing chi Very little is L × B × H=700 × 400 × 650mm, and effective depth is 650mm, magnetic reprint liquid level gauge Liquid level, stainless steel, Automatically control into water, water outlet, water level and water inlet number of times.
Earth pillar in soil filtration post:It is mainly used in placing experiment soil, totally 15 sets, point three kinds of specifications, every kind of specification each 5 Set.Size be respectively L × B × H=2000 × 2000 × 2900mm, 1000 × 1000 × 1900mm and 1000 × 1000 × 2900mm, carbon steel material, liner butyl rubber, intermediate distribution has sample tap and sensor interface, and gap is arranged at top, and bottom has Percolate discharge outlet.
Percolate meter:It is mainly used in the metering and discharge of soil filtration post percolate.Totally 15 sets, predominantly magnetic reprint Flowmeter, V=300~500ml is countable.
2nd, monitoring device:
Water-locator:Including water-locator and its access port, it is mainly used in the experiment soil water distribution into soil filtration post, totally two Plant specification, respectively 1750 × 330 × 75mm and 750 × 330 × 75mm, each 5 sets.
ORP electrodes:I.e. soil redox potential electrode, is mainly used in determining the oxidation-reduction potential in soil.Length For 1080mm 25 sets of ORP electrodes;5 sets of 780mm;25 sets of 580mm;5 sets of 280mm.10 sets of ORP reference electrodes.
Temperature sensor:It is mainly used in determining the temperature in soil.Totally 10 sets.Wherein length is 1060mm TEMP 25 sets of device;Length is 760mm 5 sets of temperature sensor;Length is 560mm 25 sets of temperature sensor;Length is 260mm temperature Spend 5 sets of sensor.
Display instrument:Display instrument includes the electrode conversion device supporting with it:It is mainly used in ORP sensors and temperature is passed The conversion and scene display of sensor data.Totally 10 sets.
3rd, control device
It is mainly used in implementing in control room testing number to earth pillar ORP sensors, temperature sensor and percolate meter According to automatic record, and to the water distribution situations such as Agitation Tank liquid level, flow control cabinet liquid level and number of water automatically control and Automatic record;Field instrument, instrument box, power distribution cabinet, computer including control software and correlation etc..
Before on-test, experiment soil is first inserted in soil filtration post, water-locator of placing into the soil, after after soil settlement, The planting plants on native table, OPR electrodes and temperature sensor are inserted in soil filtration post relevant position, and wherein soil, which oozes, considers post Parameter such as table 1, monitoring device parameter such as table 2.
On-test, first open match somebody with somebody water pot water intaking valve, add water in water pot, to setting volume after, close automatically into Water valve, thing to be tested is added in water pot, opens mixer.Automatically turned on after stirring and match somebody with somebody water pot draining valve, to setting The feedwater of flow control cabinet, to setting volume, automatic close matches somebody with somebody water pot draining valve and flow controller water intaking valve, opens flow Controller outlet valve, by soil water-locator to soil filtration post water distribution.The water level and number of water of flow control cabinet can be automatic Control, water flow can be by adjusting manually.
In experiment, absorption of the pollutant through earth pillar soil, migration and conversion in testing liquid, partial contamination thing ooze with water To earth pillar bottom, leakage water is formed.Leakage water is after earth pillar water level controller Liquid level and the metering of percolate meter, or row It is recycled after putting or collecting.
Soil filtration post water level is controlled by the earth pillar fluid level controller on soil filtration column outer wall.
The water distribution situations such as Agitation Tank liquid level, flow control cabinet liquid level and the number of water of whole process of the test are by automatic control system System is controlled and recorded, while record earth pillar ORP electrodes, temperature sensor data and percolate volume automatically.Earth pillar ORP is passed Sensor, temperature sensor data can also be shown by the field instrument being placed on earth pillar outer wall.
The soil filtration column parameter of table 1
The monitoring device parameter of table 2
Collect the percolate and each layer soil liquid of outflow.Soil liquid harvester passes through vavuum pump collection one in every 2 weeks Secondary, percolate is collected after also measuring every two weeks.The heavy metal ion in leachates, the soil liquid is determined using ICP-MS;With from Sub- chromatographic determination zwitterion content (SO42-, NO3-, Br-, Cl-, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH4+) therein.By difference Interval layering, after off-test, column soil sample, layering collection earth pillar section soil are gathered with soil collection device:0~20cm is every Mono- layer of 2cm,>Every mono- layer of the 5cm of 20~45cm,>45~135cm is per mono- layer of 10cm.Pedotheque is freeze-dried, and struck with wooden mallet Beat, crush, mix, grinding takes a copy of it to cross 0.25mm sieves, for the step morphological analysis of heavy metal eight;Another is taken to grind, mistake 0.15mm is sieved, and measure heavy metal-polluted soil complete analysis is cleared up using nitric acid-acid of perchloric acid-hydrofluoric acid three.According to it is at all levels not Soil vertical migrating data is determined with the content of the heavy metal in the soil liquid of depth.According to the result of vertical migration data Contrasted with the content of beary metal in national standard of soil environment quality or quality standard of water environment, determine its environmental risk Degree.
By foregoing description, realize that soil oozes worry post and combined with automatic control system, can be continuously and automatically The migration situation of pollutant in soil is monitored, and degree of risk of the pollutant to environment is judged according to migration situation.
Above example is merely to illustrate technical scheme, rather than its limitations;Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments The present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that:It still can be to foregoing each implementation Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic;And these are changed or replaced Change, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system, it is characterised in that the measuring system includes:Soil oozes worry post, The control device considered the monitoring device of post and be connected with monitoring device is oozed for monitoring soil;
The soil, which oozes worry post, to be included:Using the shell and the liner of the second material of the first material;The soil, which oozes, considers the interior of post The inside of lining is filled with:Test soil and contaminated soil;The soil oozes the middle part for considering post and passes through shell and liner, sets respectively There are sample tap and sensor interface;Bottom is provided with percolate discharge outlet;Wherein, the contaminated soil it is described experiment soil it On, pollutant is migrated into experiment soil vertically downward in the contaminated soil;
The monitoring device includes:Sensor and soil liquid collector;The sensor is oozed in the middle part of worry post by the soil Sensor interface be arranged on experiment soil in, the soil liquid collector by the soil ooze consider post in the middle part of sample tap It is arranged in experiment soil;
What the control device controlled the monitoring device collection experiment pollutant in soil oozes worry data.
2. measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the measuring system also includes:Agitation Tank and with The connected water-locator of Agitation Tank;
Be stored with testing liquid in the Agitation Tank;Testing liquid in the Agitation Tank is sprayed at Polluted Soil by the water-locator On earth.
3. measuring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the middle part of the Agitation Tank is provided with agitating device, institute Agitating device is stated with the control device to be connected;The control device controls the agitating device by the liquid in the Agitation Tank Body is stirred to form the testing liquid.
4. measuring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the soil oozes the top for considering post provided with gap; The percolate that the percolate discharge outlet is discharged is delivered to leachate collection by the percolate discharge outlet of bottom by connecting pipe Tank.
5. measuring system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the monitoring device also includes:It is arranged on described match somebody with somebody Flow controller between flow container and the water-locator, the flow controller is connected with the control device, the control Device controls and recorded the metering of the testing liquid into contaminated soil according to the flow controller.
6. measuring system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the monitoring device also includes:It is arranged on described ooze Percolate meter between filtrate discharge outlet and the leachate collection tank;The percolate meter and the control device It is connected, the control device records the metering that the soil oozes the percolate for considering post according to the percolate meter.
7. measuring system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the percolate meter uses magnetic turnover panel flow Meter.
8. measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sensor includes:ORP sensors, TDR sensings Device and temperature sensor.
9. measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the control device includes:Display instrument, power distribution cabinet And data processor;
The power distribution cabinet is connected with the display instrument and data processor respectively;The display instrument and the data processing Device is connected;
The data processor includes:Electrode converting unit, the data for sensor to be gathered are changed and sent to institute Display instrument is stated to be shown.
10. measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first material is carbon steel, second material For butyl rubber.
CN201710496603.9A 2017-06-26 2017-06-26 A kind of soil pollutant Vertical Migration measuring system Pending CN107101914A (en)

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CN108362836A (en) * 2018-03-07 2018-08-03 佛山市金净创环保技术有限公司 A kind of environmental protection monitoring device
CN108362836B (en) * 2018-03-07 2021-07-09 山东志衡环境检测有限公司 Environment-friendly monitoring device
CN109187286A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-01-11 扬州大学 Simulate the device and its analogy method of contaminant transportation rule under soil dry-wet alternating situation
CN109187286B (en) * 2018-11-27 2024-03-01 扬州大学 Device for simulating pollutant migration rule under soil dry-wet alternation condition and simulation method thereof
CN109490147A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-19 桂林理工大学 A kind of experimental rig for simulating multi-environment lower pollutant Transport And Transformation behavior in soil
CN109975511A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-07-05 清华大学 Simulate the experimental provision and its experimental method that micro- plastics migrate in the soil
CN112858626A (en) * 2019-11-28 2021-05-28 中国科学院大学 Device and method for simulating migration rule of nutrient salts and pollutants in soil
CN114264753A (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-04-01 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 Experimental method for measuring biodegradation rate of benzene series in aeration zone
CN114264753B (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-07-26 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 Experimental method for measuring biodegradation rate of benzene series in aeration zone

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Application publication date: 20170829