CN107101596A - Range sensor and 3D rendering sensor - Google Patents
Range sensor and 3D rendering sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107101596A CN107101596A CN201710438162.7A CN201710438162A CN107101596A CN 107101596 A CN107101596 A CN 107101596A CN 201710438162 A CN201710438162 A CN 201710438162A CN 107101596 A CN107101596 A CN 107101596A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- photon
- range sensor
- voltage
- capacitive device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/245—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures using a plurality of fixed, simultaneously operating transducers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/026—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring distance between sensor and object
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
- G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc
- G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
- G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
- G05F3/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations
- G05F3/26—Current mirrors
- G05F3/262—Current mirrors using field-effect transistors only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of range sensor and 3D rendering sensor, the range sensor includes：Photon detection circuit, in response to the photon of reflection, produces charging stop signal, the photon of the reflection is that the photon that light source is sent is obtained through destination object reflection；First capacitive device；Charge control module, in response to charging start signal, default charging current is controlled to charge first capacitive device, in response to the charging stop signal, the charging current is controlled to stop charging to first capacitive device, the charging start signal is produced when the light source sends photon；Wherein, variable quantity of the voltage at the first capacitive device two ends in time window is used to determine the distance between the destination object and the range sensor, and the time window is defined by the charging start signal and the charging stop signal.The measurement accuracy of the 3D rendering sensor based on photon detection technology can be effectively improved using technical solution of the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D rendering sensor technical field, more particularly to a kind of range sensor and 3D rendering sensor.
Background technology
Light has fluctuation and corpuscular property.It is just molecular by substantial amounts of light according to the corpuscular property of light, the energy of photon
Determined by the frequency of light.Because the energy of the single photon of visible light wave range is especially low, in order to detect the light of low energy
Son is, it is necessary to special photoelectricity testing part, namely single-photon detector.Single-photon detector mainly has two kinds：Photomultiplier
With single-photon avalanche diode (Single Photon Avalanche Diode, abbreviation SPAD).Wherein, based on semiconductor work
The SPAD of skill, which has, measures that efficiency high, low in energy consumption, small volume, frequency spectrums of operation scope be big, operating voltage is low in infrared communication wave band
The advantages of, it is widely used in the scenes such as range measurement field, 3D rendering reconstruct, be particularly suitable for use in the detection to low light signals.
There is a kind of 3D rendering sensor based on SPAD in the prior art, it is multiple that the 3D rendering sensor, which includes quantity,
Range sensor 100 as shown in Figure 1, wherein, the SPAD (referring to D1) in the 3D rendering sensor is arranged in array.As schemed
Shown in 1, the range sensor 100 can include：Control circuit for light source 10, light source 20, SPAD, pulse-generating circuit 30 and height
Fast counter 40.While the control circuit for light source 10 controls the transmitting of light source 20 photon, count start signal is produced
Counter_start, is started counting up with triggering high-speed counter 40, and photon irradiation to destination object is reached by its reflective
SPAD, triggers snowslide in SPAD, and the avalanche current of generation is detected by the pulse-generating circuit 30, stopped with generating counter
Stop signal counter_stop.Wherein, the count start signal counter_start and counter stop signal counter_
Stop waveform may refer to Fig. 2.In the lump referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in specific implementation, letter can be started according in the counting
The time window that number counter_start rising edge and counter stop signal counter_stop rising edge are defined
Interior, the count results of 40 pair of one high-frequency clock (not shown) of high-speed counter obtain the destination object to the distance and passed
The distance of sensor 100.Further, the 3D rendering sensor can be by controlling 20 pairs of the light source destination object to carry out battle array
Column is scanned, and each position on the destination object is obtained to the distance of the range sensor 100, to the target pair
The image of elephant is reconstructed.
Because the light velocity is very fast, when the measurement accuracy of 3D rendering sensor of the prior art depends critically upon the high speed
The phase noise of clock and the working frequency of high-speed counter, so that its working frequency is 10GHz as an example, the maximum that can be reached at present
Temporal resolution is about 100pS, be converted into physical size about 15mm, 15mm ranging resolving power for some it is high-precision should
With occasion, such as recognition of face can not meet demand at all, and the needs high-speed counter 40 is operated in 10GHZ high frequency, right
The requirement of circuit is also very high.
Therefore, the measurement accuracy for how improving the 3D rendering sensor based on photon detection technology is one urgently to be resolved hurrily
Technical problem.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being the measurement essence for how improving the 3D rendering sensor based on photon detection technology
Degree.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of range sensor, the range sensor includes：
Photon detection circuit, in response to the photon of reflection, produces charging stop signal, the photon of the reflection is the photon that light source is sent
Reflect what is obtained through destination object；First capacitive device；Charge control module, in response to charging start signal, is controlled default
Charging current charges to first capacitive device, in response to the charging stop signal, controls the charging current stopping pair
The first capacitive device charging, the charging start signal is produced when the light source sends photon；Wherein, described
Variable quantity of the voltage at one capacitive device two ends in time window is used to determine the destination object and the range sensor
The distance between, the time window is defined by the charging start signal and the charging stop signal.
Alternatively, the range sensor also includes：Data acquisition module, its input couples the first capacitive device
Part, carries out data acquisition, to obtain collection result suitable for the voltage to the first capacitive device two ends.
Alternatively, the range sensor also includes：Control module, suitable for obtaining described first according to the collection result
Variable quantity of the voltage at capacitive device two ends in the time window, and according to the variable quantity, light in the time window
Spread speed, the capacitance of first capacitive device and the size of the charging current of son determine the destination object and institute
State the distance between range sensor.
Alternatively, the range sensor also includes：Current mirror, including the first MOS transistor and the second MOS transistor,
The current mirror is suitable to produce the charging current according to reference current, and the charging current is via second MOS transistor
Output end output；Voltage holding circuit, the voltage of the control end suitable for maintaining second MOS transistor.
Alternatively, the voltage holding circuit includes：Switching device, its first end couples first MOS transistor
Control end, its second end couples the control end of second MOS transistor；Second capacitive device, its first end coupling first is joined
End is examined, its second end couples first end or the second end of the switching device；Wherein, the switching device is in the time window
Interior controlled shutdown, the controlled conducting in the preset time before charging start signal generation.
Alternatively, the range sensor also includes：Reset circuit, couples the second end of first capacitive device, rings
Should be in reset signal, the reset circuit is suitable to the second end of first capacitive device being reset to reference voltage；Wherein, institute
State reset signal to produce when the charging start signal is produced or before producing, the first end of first capacitive device
Couple the second reference edge.
Alternatively, the first reference edge access supply voltage, the amplitude of the reference voltage and the first capacitive device
Variable quantity sum of the voltage in the time window on second end of part is less than the supply voltage.
Alternatively, the range sensor also includes：Voltage-controlled current source, suitable for exporting described in the presence of control voltage
Charging current；Voltage holding circuit, suitable for maintaining the control voltage.
Alternatively, the photon detection circuit includes：SPAD, suitable for producing snowslide when detecting the photon of the reflection
Electric current；Pulse generation circuit, suitable for producing the charging stop signal according to the avalanche current.
Alternatively, the range sensor also includes：Light source control module, suitable for controlling the light source to the target pair
The charging start signal is produced as sending the photon, and when controlling the light source to send the photon.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of 3D rendering sensor, the 3D rendering sensing
It is multiple above-mentioned range sensors that device, which includes quantity, wherein, the photon detection circuit is arranged in array.
Compared with prior art, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages that：
Range sensor in the embodiment of the present invention can include photon detection circuit, the first capacitive device and charge control
Module.Wherein, the photon detection circuit produces charging stop signal in response to the photon of reflection, and the photon of the reflection is
The photon that light source is sent reflects what is obtained through destination object；In response to charging start signal, the charge control module control is pre-
If charging current first capacitive device is charged, in response to the charging stop signal, the charge control module control
Make the charging current to stop charging to first capacitive device, the charging start signal is to send photon in the light source
When produce.Wherein, variable quantity of the voltage at the first capacitive device two ends in time window is used to determine the target
The distance between object and the range sensor, the time window are stopped believing by the charging start signal and the charging
Number define.That is, the embodiment of the present invention by the time window (namely in the flight time of photon) to default
Charging current be integrated, by the voltage variety being converted into using counter to the direct measurement of time within the time
Measurement, because the precision in the prior art to voltage quantization is higher, therefore can effectively improve the range sensor indirectly
Measurement accuracy, and then the measurement accuracy of the 3D rendering sensor including the range sensor can be improved.
Furthermore, the range sensor can also include current mirror and voltage holding circuit.Wherein, the electric current
Mirror can include the first MOS transistor and the second MOS transistor, and the current mirror is suitable to produce the charging according to reference current
Electric current, the charging current is exported via the output end of second MOS transistor.Because the voltage holding circuit is suitable to dimension
The voltage of the control end of second MOS transistor is held, therefore the charging current can be caused stable, circuit noise pair is reduced
Its influence, to ensure the measurement accuracy of the range sensor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of range sensor of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the work wave schematic diagram of the range sensor shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a kind of circuit diagram of range sensor of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the work wave schematic diagram of the range sensor in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of another range sensor of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of another range sensor of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
As described in the background section, when the measurement accuracy of 3D rendering sensor of the prior art depends critically upon high speed
The phase noise of clock and the working frequency of high-speed counter, so that its working frequency is 10GHz as an example, the maximum that can be reached at present
Temporal resolution is about 100pS, be converted into physical size about 15mm, 15mm ranging resolving power for some it is high-precision should
With occasion, such as recognition of face can not meet demand at all.
Specifically, present inventor is analyzed the range sensor 100 shown in Fig. 1.With continued reference to Fig. 1 and figure
2, it is assumed that the light velocity is C, the counting cycle of the high-speed counter 40 is T (namely the frequency of the high-frequency clock is 1/T), described
Count results are N, then the flight time (Time of Flight, abbreviation TOF) of the photon is T × N, then the destination object
To the range sensor 100 apart from D=0.5 × T × N × C.So that the frequency of high-frequency clock is 10GHz to the maximum as an example, then T
=100ps, then range accuracy Δ D=0.5 × 100ps × C=15mm of the range sensor 100.Due to the light velocity very
It hurry up, therefore, flight time (namely the rising edge and meter of the count start signal counter_start of the measurement photon
The time window that number device stop signal counter_stop rising edge is defined) it is extremely short so that and the high-speed counter 40 enters
The frequency for the high-frequency clock that row is used when counting is higher.The range sensor 100 of the prior art, or even 3D rendering sensing
The measurement accuracy of device, depends critically upon the working frequency of the high-frequency clock.However, the measurement essence in order to improve the sensor
Degree, the circuit cost that constantly working frequency of lifting high-frequency clock is brought is larger；In addition, the high-frequency clock frequency constantly lifted
Rate brings higher phase noise, also can bring error to the count results N.Therefore, how to improve based on photon detection skill
The measurement accuracy of the 3D rendering sensor of art is a technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of range sensor, by within the flight time of the measurement photon to default
The mode that electric current is integrated, by the voltage variety being converted into using counter to the direct measurement of time within the time
Measurement, because the precision of voltage quantization is higher, therefore can effectively improve the measurement accuracy of the range sensor, enter indirectly
And the measurement accuracy of the 3D rendering sensor including the range sensor can be improved.
It is understandable to enable above-mentioned purpose, feature and beneficial effect of the invention to become apparent, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to this
The specific embodiment of invention is described in detail.
In the lump referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of range sensor 200, the range sensor 200
Photon detection circuit 10, the first capacitive device C1 and charge control module 20 can be included.
Wherein, the photon detection circuit 10 produces charging stop signal Charge_stop in response to the photon of reflection,
The photon of the reflection is that the photon that light source 30 is sent is obtained through destination object reflection.
In embodiments of the present invention, the photon detection circuit 10 can include single-photon avalanche diode (Single
Photon Avalanche Diode, abbreviation SPAD) (not shown) and pulse generation circuit (not shown).Wherein, based on described
SPAD avalanche characteristic, the SPAD is suitable to produce avalanche current when detecting the photon of the reflection；The pulse generation
Circuit is suitable to produce the charging stop signal Charge_stop, the charging stop signal according to the avalanche current
Charge_stop can be single pulse signal (referring to Fig. 4).
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the photon detection circuit 10 can include photomultiplier (not shown) and institute
State pulse generation circuit.Wherein, the photon of the reflection is detected by the photomultiplier, to produce photoelectric current, and by described
Pulse generation circuit produces the charging stop signal Charge_stop according to the photoelectric current.
Above-mentioned SPAD and photomultiplier can complete the detection to photon., can be according to reality in specific implementation
Application demand to detect photon device select.Furthermore, the two can detect single photon, therefore with high
Photon detection efficiency.
The first capacitive device C1 can be an electric capacity (or capacitive load) or multiple electric capacity (or capacitive load)
Series and parallel is obtained, correspondingly, and their capacitance is the capacitance or multiple electric capacity (or capacitive of electric capacity (or capacitive load)
Load) capacitance equivalent after series and parallel.
The charge control module 20 controls default charging current Is in response to charging start signal Charge_start
To the first capacitive device C1 charge, the charge control module 20 in response to the charging stop signal Charge_stop,
The charging current Is is controlled to stop charging to the first capacitive device C1, the charging start signal Charge_start is
Produced when the light source 30 sends photon, the charging start signal Charge_start can be single pulse signal (ginseng
See Fig. 4).
In specific implementation, the charging current Is can be produced by any appropriate current source (not shown), the electricity
Stream source outside can be coupled or be internally integrated in the range sensor 200, and the present embodiment is without specifically limited.For example,
The current source can be band gap reference or current mirror.
In specific implementation, the charge control module 20 can include control submodule (not shown) and switching device
(not shown).Assuming that the charging start signal Charge_start and charging stop signal Charge_stop are pulse
Signal.When the control submodule receives the charging start signal Charge_start, it can be opened according to the charging
Beginning signal Charge_start rising edge or trailing edge produces a control voltage, and acting on the switching device leads it
Logical, the charging current Is flows into the first capacitive device C1 and charged for it；And described in being received when the control submodule
, can be according to the rising edge or trailing edge of the charging stop signal Charge_stop during charging stop signal Charge_stop
Also a control voltage is produced, and acts on the switching device and is turned it off, then the charging current Is stops to described first
Capacitive device C1 charges.
It should be noted that the charge control module 20 is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, for example, the charging
Switching device in control module 20 be also configured as control provide the charging current Is current source power end whether
Electricity is connect, to control whether the first capacitive device C1 is electrically charged.
Preferably, the range sensor 200 can also include light source control module 40, suitable for control the light source 30 to
The destination object sends the photon, and produces the charging start signal when controlling the light source 30 to send the photon
Charge_start.Passed it should be noted that light source control module 40 outside can be coupled or be internally integrated in the distance
Sensor 200, the present embodiment is without specifically limited.
In embodiments of the present invention, by the charging start signal Charge_start and the charging stop signal
The time window Δ t that Charge_stop is defined is the flight time for the photon that the light source is sent, for example, can be by two
The rising edge of signal is defined (referring to Fig. 4), but not limited to this, for example, can also use the trailing edge of the two.Described first holds
Property device C1 two ends variation delta Vs of the voltage VC1 in the time window Δ t be determined for the destination object with
The distance between described range sensor 200.It should be noted that half of the distance for the propagation path of the photon, and
The propagation path of the photon is from the light source 30 to the destination object, then by the destination object to the photon detection
Circuit 10.The embodiment of the present invention can be obtained by being integrated in the time window Δ t to default charging current Is
Variation delta Vs of the voltage VC1 at the first capacitive device C1 two ends in the time window Δ t, by the flight to photon
The direct measurement of time is converted into the indirect measurement of the voltage variety within the time, wherein, in the range of error permission,
The size of the charging current Is keeps constant.Because the precision in the prior art to voltage quantization is higher, therefore, the distance
The range measurement accuracy of sensor 200 can effectively improve.
Furthermore, due to the distance be according to the voltage VC1 at the first capacitive device C1 two ends when described
Between variation delta V in window delta t determine, therefore, the electricity produced during being integrated to the charging current Is
Road noise or disturbance, can be eliminated by way of calculating voltage difference, be conducive to improving the range sensor 200 away from
From measurement accuracy.
Alternatively, the range sensor 200 can also include being arranged at the destination object and photon detection electricity
Lens or lens subassembly (not shown) between road 10, pH effect (being for example imaged) is carried out suitable for the photon to the reflection
Afterwards, then by the photon detection circuit 10 detected.
Preferably, in order that after the first capacitive device C1 is electrically charged every time, by its second end A voltage amplitude extremely
Relatively low current potential, the range sensor 200 can also include reset circuit (not indicated in figure), the first capacitive device C1
First end can couple the second reference edge, second reference edge can be not zero for ground or potential value other
Port.Specifically, the reset circuit couples the second end A of the first capacitive device C1.In response to reset signal rst, institute
Reset circuit is stated to be suitable to the second end A of first capacitive device being reset to reference voltage Vref.Referring to Fig. 4, the reset
Signal rst can be produced when the charging start signal Charge_start is produced or before producing.
In specific implementation, the reset circuit can be realized by the reset signal rst controlling switch device S1
Reset to the second end A of the first capacitive device C1.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of another range sensor of the embodiment of the present invention.
Range sensor 300 shown in Fig. 5 can include photon detection circuit 10, the first capacitive device C1, charge control
Module 20 and data acquisition module 50.Wherein, the photon detection circuit 10, the first capacitive device C1 and charge control module 20
More information refer to associated description to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, here is omitted.
Furthermore, the input of the data acquisition module 50 couples the first capacitive device C1, the data
Acquisition module 50 can carry out data acquisition in the way of Differential Input to the voltage at the first capacitive device C1 two ends, with
To collection result.
In order to improve the distance biography to the quantified precision of the voltage at the first capacitive device C1 two ends by improving
The measurement accuracy of sensor 300, the sampling precision of the data acquisition module 50 is more than or equal to 14.
Further, the range sensor 300 can also include control module 60, and the control module 60 is suitable to basis
The collection result obtains variable quantity of the voltage at the first capacitive device C1 two ends in the time window, and according to institute
State the capacitance and the charging current of the variable quantity in time window, the spread speed of photon, first capacitive device
Size determine the distance between the destination object and described range sensor.Specifically, it is assumed that institute in the time window
Variable quantity is stated for Δ V, the spread speed of photon is C, and the capacitance of the first capacitive device C1 is C1 ', the charging current Is
Size be Is ', then it is described apart from D=0.5 × C × Δ V × C1 '/Is '.It can be found that the survey of the range sensor 300
Accuracy of measurement depends on the precision detected to Δ V；In specific implementation, appropriate noise reduction measure can be taken, or using high accuracy
Data acquisition module carry out voltage quantization, effectively improve to Δ V detect precision.
Due to that can control within 100 μ V the quantified precision of voltage in the prior art, it is assumed that the μ A of the Is '=10,
C1 '=1pF, then according to above-mentioned formula, the measurement accuracy that can obtain the range sensor 300 of the embodiment of the present invention is 0.5 × C
× 100 μ V × C1 '/Is '=0.75mm, 20 times are improved compared to prior art.
Actually implement when, can by change the first capacitive device C1 capacitance and the charging current Is it is big
The small measurement range to adjust the range sensor 300.
In the present embodiment, host computer procedure can have been run in the control module 60, the data can be controlled to adopt
Collect the data acquisition flow of module 50, and the distance is calculated according to the data acquisition results, and via appropriate hardware
Interface exports range measurements.
It should be noted that the data acquisition module 50 and/or the control module 60 can outside couplings or interior
Portion is integrated in the range sensor 300, and the present embodiment is without specifically limited.
In order to further ensure the measurement accuracy of the range sensor 200 shown in Fig. 3, it is necessary to maintain the charging current
The stabilization of Is sizes, therefore, the embodiments of the invention provide the range sensor 400 shown in Fig. 6.The range sensor 400
Photon detection circuit 10, the first capacitive device C1, current mirror (not indicated in figure) and voltage holding circuit can be included (in figure not
Sign).Wherein, the more information of the photon detection circuit 10, the first capacitive device C1 and charge control module 20 is referred to
To Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 associated description, here is omitted.
Furthermore, the current mirror can include the first MOS transistor M1 and the second MOS transistor M2, the electricity
Flow mirror to be suitable to produce the charging current Is according to reference current Iref, the charging current Is is via the 2nd MOS crystal
Pipe M2 output end (namely drain electrode) output.The voltage holding circuit is suitable to the control for maintaining the second MOS transistor M2
The voltage at end.Because current mirror is circuit structure well-known to those skilled in the art, therefore to put it more simply, its specific circuit
Connected mode not reinflated description herein.Current mirror in the present embodiment can be that (namely the first MOS is brilliant for p-type current mirror
Body pipe M1 and the second MOS transistor M2 is PMOS transistor) or N-type current mirror (namely the first MOS transistor M1 and
Two MOS transistor M2 are nmos pass transistor), the present embodiment is without specifically limited.
In specific implementation, the voltage holding circuit can include switching device S2 and the second capacitive device C2.It is described
Switching device S2 first end couples the control end (namely grid) of the first MOS transistor M1, and the coupling of its second end is described
Second MOS transistor M2 control end (namely grid)；The first end of the second capacitive device C2 couples the first reference edge, its
Second end couples first end or the second end of the switching device S2；Wherein, the switching device S2 is in the time window
Controlled shutdown, the controlled conducting in the preset time before charging start signal Charge_start generations.That is,
Before the range sensor 400 proceeds by range measurement, the controlled conductings of switching device S2 so that second capacitive
Device C2 is electrically charged, then, during the range measurement, and the switching device S2 is off state, due to electric capacity two ends electricity
Pressure will not be mutated, then its both end voltage keeps constant, and the control end (namely grid) of the second MOS transistor M2 has stabilization
The voltage of size so that the size of the charging current Is is stable., also will be because of described second even if occurring circuit noise in circuit
Capacitive device C2 voltage holding is acted on and eliminated.
The present embodiment does not limit the potential value of first reference edge, when the current mirror is p-type current mirror, and described the
One reference edge can access supply voltage Vdda, and when it is N-type current mirror, first reference edge can be grounded.
Wherein, the second capacitive device C2 can be an electric capacity (or capacitive load) or multiple electric capacity (or capacitive
Load) series and parallel obtains, correspondingly, their capacitance be electric capacity (or capacitive load) capacitance or multiple electric capacity (or
Capacitive load) capacitance equivalent after series and parallel.
When the current mirror is p-type current mirror, first reference edge accesses the supply voltage Vdda, the reference
Variable quantity of the voltage in the time window on voltage Vref amplitude and the first capacitive device C1 the second end A it
With less than the supply voltage Vdda.
In the change case of the present embodiment one, the range sensor 400 can also include voltage-controlled current source (not shown) and
Voltage holding circuit (not shown).The voltage-controlled current source is suitable to export the charging current Is in the presence of control voltage；
The voltage holding circuit is suitable to maintain the control voltage.For example, the voltage-controlled current source can be transistor, and control institute
State transistor and work in saturation region, the voltage holding circuit can be the 3rd capacitive device (not shown).
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of 3D rendering sensor, it is many that the 3D rendering sensor, which can include quantity,
Individual above-mentioned range sensor 200,300 or 400, wherein, the photon detection circuit 10 is arranged in array.Due to compared to existing
There is the range sensor in technology, the range sensor 200,300 or 400 of the embodiment of the present invention has higher measurement accuracy,
Therefore, the 3D rendering sensor is higher to the reconstruction accuracy of 3D rendering, can be for the finer and smoother 3D rendering of detection.
In specific implementation, the 3D rendering sensor can apply to such as single photon camera, 3D printer 3D rendering
Reconstructing arrangement.Further, because the photon detection circuit 10 that the 3D rendering sensor in the present embodiment is used can detect list
Photon, therefore efficiently, can quickly and accurately rebuild 3D scenes under low light environment.
Although present disclosure is as above, the present invention is not limited to this.Any those skilled in the art, are not departing from this
In the spirit and scope of invention, it can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be with claim institute
The scope of restriction is defined.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of range sensor, it is characterised in that including：
Photon detection circuit, in response to the photon of reflection, produces charging stop signal, the photon of the reflection is that light source is sent
Photon reflects what is obtained through destination object；
First capacitive device；
Charge control module, in response to charging start signal, controls default charging current to charge first capacitive device,
In response to the charging stop signal, the charging current is controlled to stop charging to first capacitive device, the charging is opened
Beginning signal is produced when the light source sends photon；
Wherein, variable quantity of the voltage at the first capacitive device two ends in time window be used for determine the destination object with
The distance between described range sensor, the time window is by the charging start signal and charging stop signal circle
It is fixed.
2. range sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：
Data acquisition module, its input couples first capacitive device, suitable for the electricity to the first capacitive device two ends
Pressure carries out data acquisition, to obtain collection result.
3. range sensor according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also include：
Control module, suitable for obtaining the voltage at the first capacitive device two ends according to the collection result in the time window
Interior variable quantity, and according to the appearance of the variable quantity, the spread speed of photon, first capacitive device in the time window
The size of value and the charging current determines the distance between the destination object and described range sensor.
4. range sensor according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that also include：
Current mirror, including the first MOS transistor and the second MOS transistor, the current mirror are suitable to produce institute according to reference current
Charging current is stated, the charging current is exported via the output end of second MOS transistor；
Voltage holding circuit, the voltage of the control end suitable for maintaining second MOS transistor.
5. range sensor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the voltage holding circuit includes：
Switching device, its first end couples the control end of first MOS transistor, and it is brilliant that its second end couples the 2nd MOS
The control end of body pipe；
Second capacitive device, its first end couples the first reference edge, and its second end couples the first end or the of the switching device
Two ends；
Wherein, switching device controlled shutdown in the time window, it is pre- before charging start signal generation
If controlled conducting in the time.
6. range sensor according to claim 5, it is characterised in that also include：
Reset circuit, couples the second end of first capacitive device, in response to reset signal, and the reset circuit is suitable to institute
The second end for stating the first capacitive device is reset to reference voltage；
Wherein, the reset signal is produced when the charging start signal is produced or before producing, first capacitive
The first end of device couples the second reference edge.
7. range sensor according to claim 6, it is characterised in that first reference edge accesses supply voltage, institute
State variable quantity of the voltage in the amplitude of reference voltage and the second end of first capacitive device in the time window it
With less than the supply voltage.
8. range sensor according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that also include：
Voltage-controlled current source, suitable for exporting the charging current in the presence of control voltage；
Voltage holding circuit, suitable for maintaining the control voltage.
9. range sensor according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the photon detection circuit bag
Include：
SPAD, suitable for producing avalanche current when detecting the photon of the reflection；
Pulse generation circuit, suitable for producing the charging stop signal according to the avalanche current.
10. range sensor according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that also include：
Light source control module, sends the photon, and controlling the light source suitable for the control light source to the destination object
The charging start signal is produced when sending the photon.
11. a kind of 3D rendering sensor, it is characterised in that including quantity be any one of multiple claims 1 to 10
Range sensor, wherein, the photon detection circuit is arranged in array.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710438162.7A CN107101596A (en) | 2017-06-12 | 2017-06-12 | Range sensor and 3D rendering sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710438162.7A CN107101596A (en) | 2017-06-12 | 2017-06-12 | Range sensor and 3D rendering sensor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107101596A true CN107101596A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
Family
ID=59660273
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710438162.7A Pending CN107101596A (en) | 2017-06-12 | 2017-06-12 | Range sensor and 3D rendering sensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107101596A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI661211B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-01 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Ranging device and method thereof |
| CN110018488A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-07-16 | 夏普株式会社 | Light receiving element, flight time measurement device and optical radar device |
| CN111670378A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2020-09-15 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Light emitting device, distance measuring device and mobile platform |
| US12038536B2 (en) | 2019-01-15 | 2024-07-16 | Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation | Light reception device and distance measurement device |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101027574A (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2007-08-29 | 迪米斯戴尔工程有限责任公司 | Determining range in 3D imaging systems |
| CN202261580U (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-05-30 | 东南大学 | Two-dimensional and three-dimensional active image reading circuit of avalanche photo diode (APD) array |
| CN102710907A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-10-03 | 东南大学 | Active imaging readout circuit working on linear mode APD (Avalanche Photo Diode) array |
| CN102954753A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-03-06 | 成都微阵列电子有限责任公司 | Capacitive distance sensor |
| CN105319559A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-02-10 | 全视科技有限公司 | Time of flight sensing unit and time of flight sensing system |
| CN105739584A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-07-06 | 全视科技有限公司 | Programmable current source for a time of flight 3d image sensor |
-
2017
- 2017-06-12 CN CN201710438162.7A patent/CN107101596A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101027574A (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2007-08-29 | 迪米斯戴尔工程有限责任公司 | Determining range in 3D imaging systems |
| CN202261580U (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-05-30 | 东南大学 | Two-dimensional and three-dimensional active image reading circuit of avalanche photo diode (APD) array |
| CN102710907A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-10-03 | 东南大学 | Active imaging readout circuit working on linear mode APD (Avalanche Photo Diode) array |
| CN102954753A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-03-06 | 成都微阵列电子有限责任公司 | Capacitive distance sensor |
| CN105319559A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-02-10 | 全视科技有限公司 | Time of flight sensing unit and time of flight sensing system |
| CN105739584A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-07-06 | 全视科技有限公司 | Programmable current source for a time of flight 3d image sensor |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110018488A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-07-16 | 夏普株式会社 | Light receiving element, flight time measurement device and optical radar device |
| CN110018488B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2023-08-29 | 夏普株式会社 | Light receiving element, time-of-flight measurement device, and optical radar device |
| TWI661211B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-01 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Ranging device and method thereof |
| CN109901180A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-18 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Distance sensing device and its method |
| CN111670378A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2020-09-15 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Light emitting device, distance measuring device and mobile platform |
| US12038536B2 (en) | 2019-01-15 | 2024-07-16 | Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation | Light reception device and distance measurement device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103148950B (en) | Integrated gating active quenching/restoring circuit | |
| US11644573B2 (en) | Higher pixel density histogram time of flight sensor with higher pixel density | |
| US6797581B2 (en) | Avalanche photodiode for photon counting applications and method thereof | |
| CN101975893B (en) | Differential capacitance detection circuit based on instrument amplifier and detection method thereof | |
| CN104198058B (en) | Single-photon avalanche diode is quenched and reading circuit | |
| CN107101596A (en) | Range sensor and 3D rendering sensor | |
| CN105548848B (en) | Device, device and method for measuring breakdown voltage | |
| CN104075802B (en) | A kind of photon counting-type faint optical signal measurement mechanism of high dynamic range and method | |
| US20130069672A1 (en) | Low power capacitive touch detector | |
| CN105093258B (en) | Photon survey front-end circuit | |
| CN107449516B (en) | A kind of the photon counting linear array reading circuit and method of self-adaptive detection mode | |
| CN106656390B (en) | Device and method for measuring photon time information | |
| CN104697646B (en) | A kind of single photon counting discriminator circuit with dark counting pulse discrimination power | |
| KR101395330B1 (en) | Single photon detector, photon number resolving detector and detecting method thereof | |
| CN104677511B (en) | A kind of single photon counting discriminator circuit with threshold values automatic control function | |
| CN105652099A (en) | Micro capacitance difference detection method based on switching circuit | |
| CN107272010A (en) | Range sensor and its distance measurement method, 3D rendering sensor | |
| US11493613B2 (en) | Method of generating a time domain echo waveform and electromagnetic radiation echo waveform generation system | |
| CN204535861U (en) | A kind of single photon counting discriminator circuit with dark counting pulse ability to see things in their true light | |
| KR20190032938A (en) | Distance Measuring Apparatus, Time to Digital Converter, and Moving Object | |
| WO2017189107A1 (en) | Ratio-metric self-capacitance-to-code convertor | |
| CN107091688B (en) | A kind of gate quenching circuit of width electric current input range | |
| CN110346054A (en) | A kind of single photon difference detecting circuit inhibiting gate spike noise using semifixed resistor structure | |
| CN204535862U (en) | A kind of single photon counting discriminator circuit with threshold values automatic control function | |
| CN114114885A (en) | High-precision time measurement front-end reading circuit based on TOT mode |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20170829 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |