CN107084881B - Device and method for measuring elongation at break of whole O-shaped rubber ring in tensile test - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring elongation at break of whole O-shaped rubber ring in tensile test Download PDFInfo
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- CN107084881B CN107084881B CN201710459542.9A CN201710459542A CN107084881B CN 107084881 B CN107084881 B CN 107084881B CN 201710459542 A CN201710459542 A CN 201710459542A CN 107084881 B CN107084881 B CN 107084881B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring elongation at break of a whole O-shaped rubber ring tensile test, which comprises an upper clamp (1), a lower clamp (2), a vertically arranged sliding beam (3), an upper extensometer (4) and a lower extensometer (5), wherein a bearing part comprises an adapter (6), a pre-tightening ring (7) and a U-shaped connecting rod (8), the middle part of the adapter (6) is provided with external threads, the pre-tightening ring (7) is connected with the external threads of the adapter (6) through the internal threads and is installed on the adapter (6), an annular groove (13) is formed in the cylindrical surface of a shaft wheel (10), external threads are further arranged on the lower end part of the U-shaped connecting rod (8), a flower disc (11) is connected with the external threads of the U-shaped connecting rod (8) and is installed on the lower end surface of the U-shaped connecting rod (8), and a boss for compacting an outer ring of a bearing is arranged on the end surface of the flower disc. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the problem that the elongation at break of the conventional whole O-shaped rubber ring in room temperature tensile test is difficult to accurately measure is solved, and the method is high in measurement accuracy and simple and convenient to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring elongation at break of a whole O-shaped rubber ring in a tensile test.
Background
The whole O-ring rubber is a type of sealing member that exerts a sealing effect due to compressive stress of a material at high pressure, and the sealing effect is mainly determined by pressure resistance, that is, mechanical properties of the material of the whole O-ring rubber. The room temperature tensile test of the whole O-shaped rubber ring is one of the common tests for measuring the mechanical properties of the whole O-shaped rubber ring, and is mainly used for measuring the tensile strength and the elongation at break. The test process is as follows: after the test specimen is mounted on the tensile test device, the test specimen is stretched at a certain stretching rate, and finally relevant test data are obtained. The optimal technical scheme in the existing whole O-shaped rubber ring room temperature tensile test device is that the whole O-shaped rubber ring room temperature tensile test device consists of an upper shaft wheel and a lower shaft wheel which have the smallest diameter regulation and are provided with ball bearings, and when the two shaft wheels are close to each other, the center distance of the two shaft wheels can reach a small enough distance so as to install a sample. The arbor wheel is connected to the tensile tester by various connection mechanisms, usually using a pin connection. The tensile strength of the whole O-shaped rubber ring can be well measured by using the stretching device in room temperature stretching test, but the elongation at break is difficult to accurately measure. The reason for this is: elongation at break is the ratio of the increase in elongation at break to the initial length of the test specimen. There are three methods for measuring the elongation increase at break of a specimen using the tensile apparatus described above: 1. the displacement value of the cross beam of the stretching equipment connected with the stretching device is replaced, the accuracy of the displacement value of the cross beam of the stretching equipment displayed by equipment control software is difficult to ensure, the actual deformation of the O-shaped rubber ring cannot be accurately reflected, and the zero point is cleared for the position value of the cross beam when the elongation of the inner circumference of the O-shaped rubber ring is determined to be exactly equal to zero, so that the method is difficult to operate. In addition, the fit-up gap and the different amounts of strain between the device and the clamp, and between the clamp and the sample, result in further increases in measurement error. 2. The elongation at break measurement is performed by using a tool with higher measurement accuracy, but the disadvantage is that the end point of the break of the whole O-shaped rubber ring is manually determined by a tester, and it is difficult to synchronously measure the elongation at break at the moment of breaking the whole O-shaped rubber ring.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem that the elongation at break of the conventional whole O-shaped rubber ring room temperature tensile test is difficult to accurately measure, and provides the device and the method for measuring the elongation at break of the whole O-shaped rubber ring tensile test, which have high measurement precision and are simple and convenient to operate.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a whole O shape rubber circle tensile test elongation at break measuring device, it includes anchor clamps, lower anchor clamps, the smooth roof beam of vertical setting, goes up extensometer and extensometer down and sets up on the smooth roof beam and can follow its slip, go up anchor clamps and lower anchor clamps and set up symmetrically from top to bottom, go up extensometer and constitute by bearing portion and test part, bearing portion include adapter, pre-tightening ring and U-shaped connecting rod, the middle part of adapter is provided with the external screw thread, has seted up the internal screw thread in the pre-tightening ring, pre-tightening ring installs on the adapter through the external screw thread connection of internal screw thread and adapter, the upper end and the lower end connection of adapter of U-shaped connecting rod, the inner circle of bearing is installed in the lower tip of U-shaped connecting rod, the outer lane of bearing and the female interference fit of shaft wheel has set up annular groove, still be provided with the external screw thread on the outer lane of face of ring and U-shaped connecting rod, the outer lane of bearing is installed in the centering card, the other end of the U-shaped connecting rod is provided with the centering boss is set up to the U-shaped connecting rod.
The upper end of the adapter is provided with a transverse pin hole.
The lower end part of the adapter is provided with a big hole and a small hole which are perpendicular to each other.
The upper end part of the U-shaped connecting rod is inserted into the large hole, and a fixing pin penetrating through the upper end part of the U-shaped connecting rod is arranged in the small hole.
It comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly connecting an adapter of an upper clamp with an upper cross beam of a testing machine; connecting an adapter of the lower clamp with a stretching mechanism of the testing machine through a transverse pin hole through a transverse pin; rotating the pre-tightening ring upwards to enable the pre-tightening ring to abut against the transverse pin so as to remove a fit clearance introduced by the connection of the transverse pin;
s2, tightly attaching the upper and lower extensometers along the sliding beam; measuring the distance D between the edges of the extensometer after the upper extensometer and the lower extensometer are tightly attached 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Measuring the inner diameter of the whole O-shaped rubber ring sample;
s3, testing: resetting the extensometer reading; sleeving a sample to be tested between the annular groove of the shaft wheel of the upper clamp and the annular groove of the shaft wheel of the lower clamp; the knife edge of the upper extensometer is clamped into the V-shaped clamping groove of the upper clamp, and the knife edge of the lower extensometer is clamped into the V-shaped clamping groove of the lower clamp; the testing machine pulls the lower clamp to move, the lower extensometer follows the lower clamp and moves along the sliding beam until the tensile sample is torn, and the reading D of the lower extensometer is read after the tensile sample is torn;
s4, calculating elongation at break of the whole O-shaped rubber ring in room temperature tensile test
Wherein: epsilon is elongation at break,%; d is the reading of the extensometer when the sample is torn, and the unit is mm; d (D) 0 The spacing between the edges of the extensometers after the upper extensometer and the lower extensometer are tightly attached is in mm; g is the circumference of the shaft wheel, and the unit is mm; c is the inner diameter perimeter of the sample in mm.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The measurement accuracy is high. According to the invention, when the interval between the edges of the extensometers closely attached to the upper extensometer and the lower extensometer is torn off and the whole O-shaped rubber ring is broken, the sum of readings of the extensometers replaces a beam displacement value, so that the defects that the accuracy of the beam displacement value is low, the fit clearance between equipment and a clamp and between the clamp and a sample piece and the stress are not fixed, the zero clearing point of the beam displacement value is difficult to determine and the like are avoided, and the actual deformation of the O-shaped rubber ring is measured by clamping the edges of the extensometer into a V-shaped clamping groove which is arranged on the same horizontal plane as the bearing center in the vertical direction of the test force on the test device, so that the measurement accuracy is improved.
(2) Simple structure and convenient operation. The device provided by the invention has a simple structure, a U-shaped connecting rod is adopted, a bearing and a shaft wheel are assembled at the lower end part of the U-shaped connecting rod, and an annular groove is formed on the outer surface of the shaft wheel. During the test, the whole O-shaped rubber ring is sleeved in the two annular grooves to finish the installation of the sample, and finally the test can be started, so that the test fixture has the characteristics of being quick in tool and convenient to operate.
3. The deflection of the rubber ring in the stretching process is avoided. The annular groove is formed in the shaft wheel, so that the transverse offset or sliding possibly occurring when the O-shaped rubber ring is tested on the outer circumference of the shaft wheel is effectively avoided, and the measurement error caused by the transverse offset or sliding is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the upper clamp;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of the upper clamp;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a centering card;
in the figure, the fixture comprises a 1-upper fixture, a 2-lower fixture, a 3-sliding beam, a 4-upper extensometer, a 5-lower extensometer, a 6-adapter, a 7-pre-tightening ring, an 8-U-shaped connecting rod, a 9-centering card, a 10-shaft wheel, a 11-flower disc, a 12-bearing, a 13-annular groove, a 14-V-shaped clamping groove, a 15-transverse pin hole and a 16-small hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the scope of the invention not being limited to the following:
as shown in figures 1-4, the measuring device for elongation at break in the whole O-shaped rubber ring tensile test comprises an upper clamp 1, a lower clamp 2, a slide beam 3 vertically arranged, an upper extensometer 4 and a lower extensometer 5, wherein the upper extensometer 4 and the lower extensometer 5 are arranged on the slide beam 3 and can slide along the slide beam, and the upper clamp 1 and the lower clamp 2 are arranged in an up-down symmetry way. The upper extensometer 4 comprises a bearing part and a test part, the bearing part comprises an adapter 6, a pre-tightening ring 7 and a U-shaped connecting rod 8, an external thread is arranged in the middle of the adapter 6, an internal thread is arranged in the pre-tightening ring 7, the pre-tightening ring 7 is installed on the adapter 6 through the external thread connection of the internal thread and the adapter 6, the upper end of the U-shaped connecting rod 8 is connected with the lower end of the adapter 6, the test part comprises a centering card 9, a shaft wheel 10, a faceplate 11 and a bearing 12, the inner ring of the bearing 12 is installed at the lower end of the U-shaped connecting rod 8, the outer ring of the bearing 12 is in interference fit with the inner hole of the shaft wheel 10, an annular groove 13 is formed in the cylindrical surface of the shaft wheel 10, the lower end of the U-shaped connecting rod 8 is also provided with the external thread, the faceplate 11 is installed at the lower end of the U-shaped connecting rod 8, a boss for pressing the outer ring of the bearing 12 is arranged on the end face of the faceplate 11, when the faceplate 11 is rotated to separate the outer ring of the bearing 12, the shaft wheel 10 can freely rotate around the axis of the bearing 12, the boss is conveniently sleeved between the two annular grooves 13, and the test precision is ensured. One end of the centering card 9 is fixedly arranged at the lower end part of the U-shaped connecting rod 8, the other end of the centering card 9 is provided with a V-shaped clamping groove 14, and the centering card 9 is in an L-shaped lamellar shape.
The upper end part of the adapter 6 is provided with a transverse pin hole 15; the lower end of the adapter 6 is provided with a large hole and a small hole 16 which are perpendicular to each other. The diameters of the upper end and the lower end of the U-shaped connecting rod 8 are equal and are mutually parallel, the upper end of the U-shaped connecting rod 8 is inserted into the large hole, and a fixing pin penetrating through the upper end of the U-shaped connecting rod 8 is arranged in the small hole 16.
It comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly connecting an adapter 6 of an upper clamp 1 with an upper cross beam of a testing machine; the adapter 6 of the lower clamp 2 is connected with a stretching mechanism of the testing machine through a transverse pin hole 15 by a transverse pin; rotating the pre-tightening ring 7 upwards to bring the pre-tightening ring 7 against the transverse pin to eliminate the fit gap introduced by the transverse pin connection;
s2, tightly attaching the upper and lower extensometers along the sliding beam 3; measuring the distance D between the edges of the extensometer after the upper extensometer and the lower extensometer are tightly attached 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Measuring the inner diameter of the whole O-shaped rubber ring sample;
s3, testing: resetting the extensometer reading; the annular groove 13 of the shaft wheel 10 of the upper clamp 1 and the annular groove 13 of the shaft wheel 10 of the lower clamp 2 are sleeved with a sample to be tested; the knife edge of the upper extensometer 4 is clamped into the V-shaped clamping groove 14 of the upper clamp 1, and the knife edge of the lower extensometer 5 is clamped into the V-shaped clamping groove 14 of the lower clamp 2; the testing machine pulls the lower clamp 2 to move, the lower extensometer 5 follows the lower clamp 2 and moves along the sliding beam 3 until the tensile sample is torn, and the reading D of the lower extensometer 5 is read after the tensile sample is torn; because the upper and lower extension parts are respectively clamped on the centering cards 9 of the upper and lower clamps and are not directly clamped on the sample, deformation of the sample after clamping is avoided, and the measurement precision of the breaking elongation is improved;
s4, calculating elongation at break of the whole O-shaped rubber ring in room temperature tensile test
Wherein: epsilon is elongation at break,%; d is the reading of the extensometer when the sample is torn, and the unit is mm; d (D) 0 The spacing between the edges of the extensometers after the upper extensometer and the lower extensometer are tightly attached is in mm; g is the circumference of the shaft wheel, and the unit is mm; c is the inner diameter perimeter of the sample in mm. Therefore, when the interval between the edges of the extensometers closely attached to the upper extensometer and the lower extensometer and the whole O-shaped rubber ring are torn, the sum of readings of the extensometers replaces the beam displacement value, so that the problems that the accuracy of the beam displacement value is low, the fit clearance and the variable between equipment and a clamp as well as between the clamp and a sample are not fixed, and the beam displacement value is clear are avoidedThe defects of difficult determination and the like are overcome, the actual deformation of the O-shaped rubber ring is measured by clamping the edge of the extensometer into the V-shaped clamping groove which is arranged on the same horizontal plane with the bearing core in the vertical direction of the test force on the test device, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
The present invention may be readily implemented or used by those skilled in the art, and numerous variations and modifications may be devised in light of the above disclosure. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that it be constructed to conform to all variations and modifications and equivalents that are consistent with the function of the assay methods and assay devices described herein.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a whole O shape rubber circle tensile test elongation at break measuring device which characterized in that: the device comprises an upper clamp (1), a lower clamp (2), a sliding beam (3) vertically arranged, an upper extensometer (4) and a lower extensometer (5), wherein the upper extensometer (4) and the lower extensometer (5) are arranged on the sliding beam (3) and can slide along the sliding beam, the upper clamp (1) and the lower clamp (2) are arranged up and down symmetrically, the upper extensometer (4) consists of a bearing part and a test part, the bearing part comprises an adapter (6), a pre-tightening ring (7) and a U-shaped connecting rod (8), the middle part of the adapter (6) is provided with external threads, the pre-tightening ring (7) is internally provided with internal threads, the pre-tightening ring (7) is connected with the external threads of the adapter (6) and is arranged on the adapter (6), the upper end of the U-shaped connecting rod (8) is connected with the lower end part of the adapter (6), the test part comprises a centering card (9), a shaft wheel (10), a disc (11) and a bearing (12), the bearing (12) is arranged on the lower end part of the U-shaped connecting rod (8) and is provided with an inner ring (10) of the U-shaped connecting rod (8) and is further provided with an annular groove (10) arranged on the lower end part of the U-shaped connecting rod (8, and a boss for pressing the outer ring of the bearing (12) is arranged on the end face of the flower disc (11), one end of the centering card (9) is fixedly arranged at the lower end part of the U-shaped connecting rod (8), and a V-shaped clamping groove (14) is formed in the other end of the centering card (9).
2. The device for measuring elongation at break of a whole O-shaped rubber ring in tensile test according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the adapter (6) is provided with a transverse pin hole (15).
3. The device for measuring elongation at break of a whole O-shaped rubber ring in tensile test according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end part of the adapter (6) is provided with a big hole and a small hole (16) which are perpendicular to each other.
4. The device for measuring elongation at break of a whole O-shaped rubber ring in tensile test according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end part of the U-shaped connecting rod (8) is inserted into the large hole, and a fixing pin penetrating through the upper end part of the U-shaped connecting rod (8) is arranged in the small hole (16).
5. The method for measuring the elongation at break of the whole O-shaped rubber ring by using the device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly connecting an adapter (6) of an upper clamp (1) with an upper cross beam of a testing machine; the adapter (6) of the lower clamp (2) is connected with a stretching mechanism of the testing machine through a transverse pin hole (15) by a transverse pin; rotating the pre-tightening ring (7) upwards to bring the pre-tightening ring (7) against the transverse pin to eliminate the fit gap introduced by the transverse pin connection;
s2, tightly attaching the upper and lower extensometers along the sliding beam (3); measuring the distance D between the edges of the extensometer after the upper extensometer and the lower extensometer are tightly attached 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Measuring the inner diameter of the whole O-shaped rubber ring sample;
s3, testing: resetting the extensometer reading; a sample to be tested is sleeved between the annular groove (13) of the shaft wheel (10) of the upper clamp (1) and the annular groove (13) of the shaft wheel (10) of the lower clamp (2); the knife edge of the upper extensometer (4) is clamped into the V-shaped clamping groove (14) of the upper clamp (1), and the knife edge of the lower extensometer (5) is clamped into the V-shaped clamping groove (14) of the lower clamp (2); the testing machine pulls the lower clamp (2) to move, the lower extensometer (5) follows the lower clamp (2) and moves along the sliding beam (3) until the tensile sample is torn, and the reading D of the lower extensometer (5) is read when the tensile sample is torn;
s4, calculating a room-temperature tensile test of the whole O-shaped rubber ringElongation at break
Wherein: epsilon is elongation at break,%; d is the reading of the extensometer when the sample is torn, and the unit is mm; d (D) 0 The spacing between the edges of the extensometers after the upper extensometer and the lower extensometer are tightly attached is in mm; g is the circumference of the shaft wheel, and the unit is mm; c is the inner diameter perimeter of the sample in mm.
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| CN201710459542.9A CN107084881B (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2017-06-16 | Device and method for measuring elongation at break of whole O-shaped rubber ring in tensile test |
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| CN201710459542.9A CN107084881B (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2017-06-16 | Device and method for measuring elongation at break of whole O-shaped rubber ring in tensile test |
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| CN110389073A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-10-29 | 贵州航天精工制造有限公司 | It is a kind of for measuring the test tool of O-ring seal tensile property |
| CN112378760B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-05-04 | 浙江发光橡胶密封件股份有限公司 | Rubber ring strength detection device with biaxial stretching mechanism |
| CN113376009B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2024-04-19 | 滁州学院 | Overhead power line electric power fitting manufacturing strength detection device and detection method |
| CN116754378B (en) * | 2023-07-18 | 2023-12-01 | 杭州泰妍流体科技有限公司 | Rubber ring strength detection device with biaxial stretching mechanism |
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