CN116660009A - A sample centering and alignment auxiliary device and alignment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sample centering and aligning auxiliary device and a centering method, wherein the device comprises a linear infrared laser head and a mounting frame; the linear infrared laser head is fixed on the upper part of the mounting frame, the mounting frame is fixed on the left side or the right side of the lower clamping seat of the tensile testing machine, and the linear infrared light emitted by the linear infrared laser head is arranged along the vertical direction and is overlapped with the middle longitudinal surface of the upper clamping seat and the lower clamping seat along the left-right direction; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, drawing a central line on the surface of a sample along the direction of the sample to be stretched, respectively pre-tightening and clamping the upper end and the lower end of the sample between two clamping discs of an upper clamping seat and two clamping discs of a lower clamping seat of a tensile testing machine, and enabling the surface of the central line drawn on the sample to face the light emitting direction of a linear infrared laser head; and starting the linear infrared laser head, and adjusting the sample according to the projection condition of the linear infrared light emitted by the linear infrared laser head on the surface of the sample so as to enable the center line on the sample to coincide with the linear infrared light projected on the sample. The invention better solves the problem of sample centering.

Description

A sample centering and alignment auxiliary device and alignment method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical measurement of samples in the field of steel pipe production, and in particular relates to an auxiliary device for centering and alignment of samples and an alignment method.

Background technique

When manufacturing and producing steel pipe products, it is necessary to conduct many tests such as mechanics and corrosion on steel pipe samples. Among them, the mechanical test is to clamp both ends of the sample on the upper and lower clamping seats of the tensile machine, the lower clamping seat is fixed, the upper clamping seat moves up, and the tensile force is applied to the sample until the sample is pulled. broken.

Both the existing upper clamping seat and the lower clamping seat are composed of two clamping discs on the left and right. By applying clamping force to both sides of the workpiece, the upper end and the lower end of the sample are respectively clamped and fixed. The samples for mechanical testing include round bar-shaped samples, arc-shaped block samples, etc. When these samples are subjected to mechanical tests, the ideal state is: the axial direction of the sample should be vertical, and in addition, the upper and lower ends of the sample should preferably be centered and clamped.

The existing tensile testing machine is a universal tensile machine, which does not have an auxiliary device for centering and aligning the sample. At present, the commonly used method is: the test personnel find the centering position of the sample through direct eye observation. This method is difficult to achieve accurate centering and vertical alignment of the sample, especially for round rod tests. Sample. In order to solve the problem of centering and alignment, at present, the test personnel first draw a center line on the surface of the sample with the help of a measuring ruler, and then when it is installed on the upper and lower clamping seats, the centering and vertical alignment is carried out by visual inspection or by means of a ruler. Compared with the method of complete visual inspection, this method is convenient for centering and alignment, but it cannot guarantee accurate centering and vertical alignment. In addition, the centering and alignment of the sample requires repeated adjustments. It takes time and effort to get up.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a sample centering and alignment auxiliary device and a alignment method that can realize rapid alignment of samples on a tensile testing machine and ensure alignment accuracy.

One of the above-mentioned purposes of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A sample centering and alignment auxiliary device, characterized in that it includes a linear infrared laser head and a mounting frame; the linear infrared laser head is fixed on the upper part of the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is fixed on the lower clamp of a tensile testing machine The left or right side of the seat, the linear infrared light emitted by the linear infrared laser head is set along the vertical direction, and coincides with the middle longitudinal plane of the upper and lower clamping seats along the left and right directions. When performing the sample alignment operation, the linear infrared light The light coincides with the midline of the sample clamped on the upper and lower clamping seats.

Moreover, the mounting bracket includes a transverse connecting rod, a vertical connecting rod, a clamping seat, an upper threaded rod, a lower threaded rod, a laser head mounting seat, an upper joint, and a lower joint; The clamping piece is composed of a set of upper mounting holes aligned at the upper ends of the two clamping pieces. The upper joint is installed between the two clamping pieces through the upper mounting hole, and a radial threaded hole is provided in the middle of the upper joint. , through the radial threaded hole and the lower end of the vertical connecting rod to form a threaded connection, the upper end of the vertical connecting rod is fixedly connected to the laser head mounting seat through the support plate, and there is a horizontal mounting hole on the laser head mounting seat; the linear infrared laser The head is fixed in the horizontal installation hole; a set of lower installation holes is arranged at the lower ends of the two clamping pieces, and a lower joint is installed in the lower installation hole in a relatively rotatable and adjustable manner. The ends are vertically fixedly connected, and the inner end of the transverse connecting rod is connected with a fixed plate, which is fixedly connected with the side of the lower clamp seat through the fixed plate; the clamp seat is located between the upper joint and the lower joint and is relatively installed with an upper threaded rod and a lower joint. The threaded rod fixes the upper and lower joints between the two clamping pieces.

Moreover, an upper threaded hole and a lower threaded hole are provided on the clamping piece on the rear side, and an upper threaded hole and a lower screw installation hole are provided on the front clamping piece; An upper threaded rod is connected, and a lower threaded rod is connected in the lower screw rod installation hole and the lower threaded hole.

Moreover, the fixed disk is a magnetic disk, which is fixed on the side wall of the lower clamping seat through magnetic adsorption. It is convenient for the mounting frame to be fixed on the lower clamp seat of the tensile testing machine and to adjust the fixed position.

Two of the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A sample centering and alignment method, characterized in that: using the above-mentioned sample alignment and alignment auxiliary device, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. First, draw a center line on the surface of the sample along the middle position of the sample to be stretched;

Step 2. Pre-clamp the upper end and the lower end of the sample between the two clamping discs of the upper clamping seat and the two clamping discs of the lower clamping seat of the tensile testing machine respectively, and the surface of the sample with the midline drawn faces The light emitting direction of the linear infrared laser head;

Step 3. Turn on the linear infrared laser head, adjust the sample according to the projection of the linear infrared light emitted by the linear infrared laser head on the surface of the sample, so that the center line on the sample coincides with the linear infrared light projected on the sample, Realize the centering and alignment of the sample.

And, in step 1, for the sample of round rod class, adopt auxiliary line-drawing device to realize, described auxiliary line-drawing device comprises positioning base, and positioning base is made of base plate and the standing edge that is positioned at two ends; There is a V-shaped groove for positioning the round bar-shaped sample on the bottom plate of the bottom plate; a pressure bar is vertically pierced on the two vertical plates, and a pressing block is fixed at the inner end of the two pressing bars. For the pressing action surface in contact with the end faces, a compression spring is set on each of the two pressure rods, and the two ends of the compression spring are respectively in contact with the outer surface of the corresponding side pressure block and the inner surface of the corresponding side vertical plate; Two guide rods arranged in parallel are connected across the bridge, a pen stand is slidably installed on the two guide rods, and a line drawing pen protruding downward is vertically installed on the pen support. face overlap.

The advantages and positive effects that the present invention has:

The sample alignment aid device of the present invention can project a linear infrared light on the surface of the sample clamped between the upper and lower clamping seats of the tensile testing machine, and the linear infrared light is used as the basis for center line alignment of the sample, which is convenient Sample alignment, by adjusting the sample pre-clamped between the upper and lower clamping seats, the center line on the sample coincides with the linear infrared light, realizing fast and accurate alignment of the sample and improving alignment positive precision.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the auxiliary device for centering and aligning samples of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the centering and alignment auxiliary device of the sample of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the present invention draws the center line on the block sample surface;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of drawing the center line on the surface of the round bar sample used in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a reference diagram for aligning samples on a tensile testing machine according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The structure of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through embodiments. It should be noted that this embodiment is illustrative rather than limiting.

An auxiliary device for centering and aligning samples, please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and its invention point is as follows: it mainly includes a linear infrared laser head 1.1 and a mounting frame. The linear infrared laser head is fixed on the top of the mounting frame, the mounting frame is fixed on the left or right side of the lower clamping seat of the tensile testing machine, and the linear infrared light emitted by the linear infrared laser head is arranged vertically , and coincide with the middle longitudinal planes of the upper and lower clamp seats along the left and right directions.

The above-mentioned mounting frame can realize the adjustment of the left and right positions of the linear infrared laser head from the upper clamping seat and the lower clamping seat. In addition, it can also realize the adjustment of the orientation of the linear infrared laser head on the horizontal plane, so as to adjust the linear light emitted by the linear infrared laser head. The mid-longitudinal faces of the clamping discs coincide. The mounting frame preferably adopts the following structure:

The mounting frame includes a transverse connecting rod 1.10, a vertical connecting rod 1.4, a clamping seat 1.11, an upper threaded rod 1.6, a lower threaded rod, a laser head mount 1.3, an upper joint 1.5, and a lower joint 1.8. The clamping seat is composed of two clamping pieces, and the two clamping pieces are arranged in parallel front and rear. A group of upper mounting holes are aligned on the upper ends of the two clamping pieces, and the upper joint is installed in the upper mounting hole, and a radial threaded hole is arranged in the middle of the upper joint, through which the radial threaded hole is connected to the vertical The lower end of the rod forms a threaded connection, a support plate is fixed on the upper end of the vertical connecting rod, the laser head mounting seat is fixedly installed on the support plate, and a horizontal mounting hole is provided on the laser head mounting seat. The aperture of the horizontal mounting hole is larger than The outer diameter of the linear infrared laser head, and a radial top wire hole is arranged on the upper end side wall of the horizontal installation hole. The infrared laser head is inserted into the horizontal installation hole, and fixed by the fastening screw 1.2 installed in the radial top screw hole. A set of lower mounting holes are arranged on the lower ends of the two clamping pieces. In the lower mounting holes, a lower joint can be installed in a relatively rotatable and adjustable manner. The lower joint is vertically fixedly connected with the outer end of the transverse connecting rod, and the inner end of the transverse connecting rod A fixed disk 1.9 is connected, and is fixedly connected with the side of the lower clamp seat through the fixed disk. On the rear side of the clamping piece, the position between the upper mounting hole and the lower mounting hole is provided with an upper threaded hole and a lower threaded hole, and on the front side of the clamping piece, it is located between the upper mounting hole and the lower mounting hole. An upper threaded hole and a lower screw mounting hole are provided. The upper threaded rod is connected to the upper threaded hole and the upper threaded hole, and the lower threaded rod is connected to the lower screw installation hole and the lower threaded hole. Through the two threaded rods, the upper and lower joints are fixed between the two clamping pieces. between. A knob 1.7 is respectively fixedly installed on the rear end of the upper threaded rod and the front end of the lower threaded rod, which is convenient for tightening or loosening the upper and lower threaded rods.

The fixed disk is a magnetic disk, which is fixed on the side wall of the lower clamping seat through magnetic adsorption. It is convenient for the mounting frame to be fixed on the lower clamp seat of the tensile testing machine and to adjust the fixed position.

Using the mounting bracket, after loosening the lower threaded rod, the clamping seat can be rotated around the lower joint to realize the left and right position adjustment of the linear infrared laser head; after the adjustment is in place, tighten the lower threaded rod; when the vertical connecting rod is rotated, the linearity can be realized The adjustment of the horizontal orientation of the infrared laser head, by adjusting the left and right position and horizontal orientation of the linear infrared laser head, can realize the clear and accurate irradiation of the emitted linear laser on the middle planes of the upper and lower clamping seats along the left and right directions, so that the linear infrared laser can be easily aligned. Adjust the installation position of the head.

Based on the above-mentioned sample alignment and alignment auxiliary device, the sample alignment and alignment method includes the following steps:

Step 1. First, draw a center line on the surface of the sample along the middle position of the sample to be stretched;

Step 2. Clamp the upper end and the lower end of the sample between the two clamping discs of the upper clamping seat 5 and the two clamping discs of the lower clamping seat 6 of the tensile testing machine respectively. The clamping force should be ensured on the one hand. The sample cannot be dropped, and on the other hand, the sample can be slightly moved and rotated. In addition, the surface of the sample with the center line is facing the light emitting direction of the linear infrared laser head;

Step 3. Turn on the linear infrared laser head, adjust the sample according to the projection of the linear infrared light emitted by the linear infrared laser head on the surface of the sample, so that the center line on the sample coincides with the linear infrared light projected on the sample, Realize the centering and alignment of the sample.

For flat plate and arc-shaped block samples 2, draw a line at the middle of the sample surface, find several midpoints in the width direction of the sample on the surface of the sample along the long side with the help of a measuring ruler, and use Draw a pen mark, connect the midpoints of several marks into a line, and this line is the midline of the sample 2.1. See Figure 3

For round rod samples, because it is difficult to locate the sample and find out the midline position on the platform, an auxiliary line-drawing device is used in the present invention to realize it. Referring to Fig. 4, the auxiliary line-drawing device 3 includes Positioning base 3.1. The positioning base consists of a bottom plate and vertical edges at both ends. The bottom plate of the positioning base is provided with a V-shaped groove 3.1.1 for positioning the round bar-shaped sample; a pressing bar 3.2 is installed vertically on the two vertical plates, and a pressing block 3.4 is fixed at the inner end of the two pressing bars. The inner end surface of the pressure block is the pressing action surface in contact with the end surface of the sample. A compression spring 3.3 is set on each of the two pressure rods. Press down on the contacts. Two parallel guide rods 3.7 are connected across the two vertical plates, a pen frame 3.5 is slidably installed on the guide rods, and a line drawing pen 3.6 protruding downwards is vertically installed on the pen support, the nib center of the line drawing pen Coincident with the middle surface of the V-shaped groove.

Use this line drawing pen to draw a line, place the round bar sample 4 on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the positioning base, and limit the sample through the V-shaped groove to avoid the sample from rolling on the surface of the positioning base. The pressure blocks at both ends clamp and fix the two ends of the round bar sample, so as to stabilize the sample on the positioning base; then move the pen holder close to one end of the sample, loosen the set screw 3.8 that fixes the line drawing pen, Move the liner pen down so that the tip of the liner pen is in contact with the surface of the sample, and then tighten the fastening screw to fix the liner pen. The locking force does not need to be too large, as long as the liner pen is stable and cannot move up and down. . After the line drawing pen is fixed, move the pen holder manually, and draw a line 4.1 on the surface of the sample with the animation line pen on the pen holder. This line marks the midline position of the sample surface.

Although the embodiments and accompanying drawings of the present invention are disclosed for the purpose of illustration, those skilled in the art can understand that various replacements, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention and the spirit of the appended claims Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a sample centering alignment auxiliary device which characterized in that: the device comprises a linear infrared laser head and a mounting rack; the linear infrared laser head is fixed on the upper portion of the mounting frame, the mounting frame is fixed on the left side or the right side of the lower clamping seat of the tensile testing machine, linear infrared light emitted by the linear infrared laser head is arranged in the vertical direction and coincides with the middle longitudinal surface of the upper clamping seat and the lower clamping seat in the left-right direction, and when sample alignment operation is carried out, the linear infrared light coincides with the center line of a sample clamped on the upper clamping seat and the lower clamping seat.

2. The specimen alignment auxiliary device according to claim 1, wherein: the mounting frame comprises a transverse connecting rod, a vertical connecting rod, a clamping seat, an upper threaded rod, a lower threaded rod, a laser head mounting seat, an upper joint and a lower joint; the clamping seat consists of two clamping sheets which are arranged in parallel front and back, a group of upper mounting holes are formed in the upper end parts of the two clamping sheets in an aligned mode, the upper joint is arranged between the two clamping sheets through the upper mounting holes, a radial threaded hole is formed in the middle of the upper joint, the upper joint is in threaded connection with the lower end of the vertical connecting rod through the radial threaded hole, the upper end of the vertical connecting rod is fixedly connected with the laser head mounting seat through a supporting disc, and a horizontal mounting hole is formed in the laser head mounting seat; the linear infrared laser head is fixedly arranged in the horizontal mounting hole in a penetrating way; a group of lower mounting holes are formed in the lower end parts of the two clamping pieces in an aligned mode, a lower joint is arranged in the lower mounting holes in a relatively rotatable and adjustable mode, the lower joint is vertically and fixedly connected with the outer end of the transverse connecting rod, the inner end of the transverse connecting rod is connected with a fixing disc, and the fixing disc is fixedly connected with the side part of the lower clamping seat; an upper threaded rod and a lower threaded rod are oppositely arranged between the upper connector and the lower connector on the clamping seat, so that the upper connector and the lower connector are fixed between the two clamping sheets.

3. The specimen alignment auxiliary device according to claim 2, wherein: an upper screw threading hole and a lower screw threading hole are formed in the clamping piece on the rear side, and an upper screw threading hole and a lower screw installation hole are formed in the clamping piece on the front side; an upper threaded rod is connected with the upper threaded rod penetrating hole and the upper threaded hole, and a lower threaded rod is connected with the lower threaded rod installing hole and the lower threaded hole.

4. The specimen alignment auxiliary device according to claim 2, wherein: the fixed disk is a magnetic disk and is fixed on the side wall of the lower clamping seat through magnetic force adsorption.

5. A sample centering and aligning method is characterized in that: use of a sample centering and alignment aid according to any of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:

firstly, drawing a central line on the surface of a sample along the direction of the sample to be stretched;

step 2, respectively pre-tightening and clamping the upper end and the lower end of a sample between two clamping discs of an upper clamping seat and two clamping discs of a lower clamping seat of a tensile testing machine, wherein the surface of a drawing center line on the sample faces the light emitting direction of a linear infrared laser head;

and 3, starting a linear infrared laser head, and adjusting the sample according to the projection condition of the linear infrared light emitted by the linear infrared laser head on the surface of the sample, so that the center line on the sample is overlapped with the linear infrared light projected on the sample, and the centering alignment of the sample is realized.

6. The method for centering and aligning a sample according to claim 5, wherein: in the step 1, an auxiliary line drawing device is adopted for a round bar sample, wherein the auxiliary line drawing device comprises a positioning base, and the positioning base consists of a bottom plate and vertical edges at two ends; a V-shaped groove for positioning the round bar-shaped sample is formed in the bottom plate of the positioning base; a pressing rod vertically penetrates through the two vertical plates, pressing blocks are respectively fixed at the inner ends of the two pressing rods, the inner end faces of the pressing blocks are compression action faces in contact with the end faces of the samples, a pressure spring is respectively sleeved on the two pressing rods, and two ends of the pressure spring are respectively in compression contact with the outer side faces of the pressing blocks on the corresponding sides and the inner side faces of the vertical plates on the corresponding sides; two guide rods which are arranged in parallel are connected across the two vertical plates, a pen rack is slidably arranged on the two guide rods, a downward extending line drawing pen is vertically arranged on the pen rack, and the center of a pen point of the line drawing pen coincides with the middle surface of the V-shaped groove.