CN107083682A - 一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂及其制备方法，其制备方法包括以下步骤：向环氧棕榈油改性的聚氨酯乳液中加入，纳米氧化锌分散液，聚乙烯醇，表面活性剂在60‑80℃条件下，搅拌混合反应30‑45min，制得通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂织物。经该防水整理剂整理后，可以具有良好的防水性能，同时通气透湿，具有良好的穿着舒适度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织助剂领域，特别是涉及一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的不断提高，对生活用品的品质要求也越来越高，尤其是对纺织品品质的要求。服饰用面料除了要求美观、耐用等，还要求有舒适性、防护性等功能。在户外活动活动过程中，对服装的防风性、防水性以及通气透湿性都要求较高。
最初经过防水整理的织物仅具有防水性，但是透湿性能较差，主要被用作防雨布。随着研究的深入，对于织物进行防水整理技术的不断改善，防水织物的透湿性能不断提高，防水织物不但可以防止雨雪渗透进入人体，还可以使得人体产生的水分以水蒸气的形式透出面料从而排出体外，从而使得人体保持一种较为舒适的状态。目前经过防水整理后的织物已经广泛应用于运动衣、内衣以及防护服装等，尤其是户外运动用服装。
目前，对于织物进行防水整理主要有三种方法，拒水整理法，涂层整理法以及层压整理法。其中拒水整理法是通过使用超细纤维织制高密度织物，其纱线间的间隙很小，可以阻止水滴通过，但可以使水蒸气透过，从而具有防水透湿性。涂层整理方法是采用干法或湿法涂层整理，使得织物表面的间隙被涂层完全封闭或减小到很小，从而使织物具有防水性，涂层剂中的亲水基团或涂层形成的微孔可以使织物具有透湿性。层压整理方法是指采用层压技术，使得织物与具有防水透湿性的微孔或亲水性薄膜层压复合在一起，从而制成防水透湿织物。这三种方法中，涂层整理方法适用的织物类型较广，整理操作较为简单，因此应用也较为广泛。
中国专利CN201410249590.1公开了一种防水整理剂及其应用，其由如下重量份配比的组分组成：甲醇10～20重量份、含氟硼酸衍生物40～60重量份、脂肪酸钠4～8重量份、聚乙烯蜡乳液5～10重量份、有机硅4～8重量份、表面活性剂1～3重量份和水200重量份，其中含氟硼酸衍生物为2-三氟甲基苯硼酸、3-三氟甲基苯硼酸、4-三氟甲基苯硼酸、4-三氟甲氧基苯硼、3,5-二(三氟甲基)和3,4,5-三氟苯硼酸中的一种。该发明采用含氟硼酸衍生物为主要原料获得防水整理剂，采用常用的二浸二轧生产技术并通过配位络合作用，将防水整理剂整理到纺织品，所制得的纺织品不仅具有良好的防水性能，而且又不影响其固有的耐洗牢度、白度。但是经该整理剂整理后织物的通气透湿性仍有待改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂及其制备方法，织物经该防水整理剂整理后，可以具有良好的防水性能，同时通气透湿，具有良好的穿着舒适度。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将环氧棕榈油，聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)，聚乙二醇-2000(PEG-2000)，聚乙二醇-4000(PEG-4000)，二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)以及二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)置于反应釜中，在氮气条件下，控制温度为75-85℃进搅拌进行预聚反应，反应进行6-8h后，向其中加入三乙醇胺搅拌30-45min后，加水分散制得乳液，之后向其中加入乙二醇单烯丙基醚，以及三甲基苄胺继续搅拌反应4-5h，制得改性聚氨酯乳液；
(2)向改性聚氨酯乳液中加入，纳米氧化锌分散液，聚乙烯醇，表面活性剂在60-80℃条件下，搅拌混合反应30-45min，制得通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂。
优选的，所述步骤(1)中环氧棕榈油与聚四氢呋喃二醇的使用量摩尔比为(3-2):2。
优选的，所述步骤(1)中聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000的使用量摩尔比为1:3:2。
优选的，所述步骤(1)中聚氨酯乳液固含量为32-36％。
优选的，所述步骤(2)中各组分的用量为：改性聚氨酯乳液100份，纳米氧化锌分散液15-20份，聚乙烯醇12-15份，表面活性剂2-4份。
优选的，所述纳米氧化锌分散液中纳米氧化锌固含量为10％。
优选的，所述表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠，椰子油酰单乙醇胺，十二烷基二羟乙基甜菜碱或月桂酰胺丙基二甲胺乙内酯中的一种或多种混合物。
一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂，由以上方法制备而成。
本发明具有以下有益效果，
1、棕榈油是一种热带木本植物油，是目前世界上生产量最大的植物油品种，成本较低，棕榈油经过氧化物环化可以制备出环氧棕榈油。环氧棕榈油结构中的环氧基可以与异氰酸酯基反应，从而起到改性聚氨酯的作用。经环氧棕榈油改性过的聚氨酯具有良好的耐水耐油性，耐候性，可以给织物赋予良好的防水效果。本申请所制备的改性聚氨酯含有大量的羟基，可以有效的与水蒸气结合并将其排出体外，从而使经其整理过的织物具有良好的通气透湿性能以及防水性能。
2、纳米氧化锌具有良好的亲水性，可以很好的“捕获”人体散发的水蒸气分子，将其排出体外。同时纳米氧化锌具有良好的防晒、杀菌效果，可以有效提高整理后织物的综合性能，提高穿着舒适度。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明，下面通过实施例对本发明进一步说明，实施例只用于解释本发明，不会对本发明构成任何的限定。
实施例1
一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将环氧棕榈油，聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000，二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯以及二羟甲基丙酸置于反应釜中，在氮气条件下，控制温度为75℃进搅拌进行预聚反应，反应进行6h后，向其中加入三乙醇胺搅拌30min后，加水分散制得乳液，之后向其中加入乙二醇单烯丙基醚，以及三甲基苄胺继续搅拌反应4h，制得改性聚氨酯乳液，其中聚氨酯乳液固含量为32％；
(2)向改性聚氨酯乳液中加入，纳米氧化锌分散液，聚乙烯醇，表面活性剂在60℃条件下，搅拌混合反应30min，制得通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂。
步骤(1)中环氧棕榈油与聚四氢呋喃二醇的使用量摩尔比为3:2；聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000的使用量摩尔比为1:3:2。
步骤(2)中各组分的用量为：改性聚氨酯乳液100份，纳米氧化锌分散液15份，聚乙烯醇12份，表面活性剂2份。
纳米氧化锌分散液中纳米氧化锌固含量为10％；表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
实施例2
一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将环氧棕榈油，聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000，二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯以及二羟甲基丙酸置于反应釜中，在氮气条件下，控制温度为85℃进搅拌进行预聚反应，反应进行8h后，向其中加入三乙醇胺搅拌45min后，加水分散制得乳液，之后向其中加入乙二醇单烯丙基醚，以及三甲基苄胺继续搅拌反应5h，制得改性聚氨酯乳液，其中聚氨酯乳液固含量为36％；
(2)向改性聚氨酯乳液中加入，纳米氧化锌分散液，聚乙烯醇，表面活性剂在80℃条件下，搅拌混合反应45min，制得通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂。
步骤(1)中环氧棕榈油与聚四氢呋喃二醇的使用量摩尔比为1:2；聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000的使用量摩尔比为1:3:2。
步骤(2)中各组分的用量为：改性聚氨酯乳液100份，纳米氧化锌分散液20份，聚乙烯醇15份，表面活性剂4份。
纳米氧化锌分散液中纳米氧化锌固含量为10％；表面活性剂为椰子油酰单乙醇胺。
实施例3
一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将环氧棕榈油，聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000，二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯以及二羟甲基丙酸置于反应釜中，在氮气条件下，控制温度为75℃进搅拌进行预聚反应，反应进行8h后，向其中加入三乙醇胺搅拌30min后，加水分散制得乳液，之后向其中加入乙二醇单烯丙基醚，以及三甲基苄胺继续搅拌反应5h，制得改性聚氨酯乳液，其中聚氨酯乳液固含量为32％；
(2)向改性聚氨酯乳液中加入，纳米氧化锌分散液，聚乙烯醇，表面活性剂在80℃条件下，搅拌混合反应30min，制得通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂。
步骤(1)中环氧棕榈油与聚四氢呋喃二醇的使用量摩尔比为3:2；聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000的使用量摩尔比为1:3:2。
步骤(2)中各组分的用量为：改性聚氨酯乳液100份，纳米氧化锌分散液15份，聚乙烯醇15份，表面活性剂2份。
纳米氧化锌分散液中纳米氧化锌固含量为10％；表面活性剂为十二烷基二羟乙基甜菜碱。
实施例4
一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将环氧棕榈油，聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000，二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯以及二羟甲基丙酸置于反应釜中，在氮气条件下，控制温度为85℃进搅拌进行预聚反应，反应进行6h后，向其中加入三乙醇胺搅拌45min后，加水分散制得乳液，之后向其中加入乙二醇单烯丙基醚，以及三甲基苄胺继续搅拌反应4h，制得改性聚氨酯乳液，其中聚氨酯乳液固含量为36％；
(2)向改性聚氨酯乳液中加入，纳米氧化锌分散液，聚乙烯醇，表面活性剂在60℃条件下，搅拌混合反应45min，制得通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂。
步骤(1)中环氧棕榈油与聚四氢呋喃二醇的使用量摩尔比为(3-2):2；聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000的使用量摩尔比为1:3:2。
步骤(2)中各组分的用量为：改性聚氨酯乳液100份，纳米氧化锌分散液20份，聚乙烯醇12份，表面活性剂4份。
纳米氧化锌分散液中纳米氧化锌固含量为10％；表面活性剂为月桂酰胺丙基二甲胺乙内酯。
实施例5
一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将环氧棕榈油，聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000，二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯以及二羟甲基丙酸置于反应釜中，在氮气条件下，控制温度为80℃进搅拌进行预聚反应，反应进行7h后，向其中加入三乙醇胺搅拌35min后，加水分散制得乳液，之后向其中加入乙二醇单烯丙基醚，以及三甲基苄胺继续搅拌反应5h，制得改性聚氨酯乳液，其中聚氨酯乳液固含量为35％；
(2)向改性聚氨酯乳液中加入，纳米氧化锌分散液，聚乙烯醇，表面活性剂在70℃条件下，搅拌混合反应40min，制得通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂。
步骤(1)中环氧棕榈油与聚四氢呋喃二醇的使用量摩尔比为(3-2):2；聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000的使用量摩尔比为1:3:2。
步骤(2)中各组分的用量为：改性聚氨酯乳液100份，纳米氧化锌分散液17份，聚乙烯醇13份，表面活性剂3份。
纳米氧化锌分散液中纳米氧化锌固含量为10％；表面活性剂为椰子油酰单乙醇胺和月桂酰胺丙基二甲胺乙内酯的混合物。
将相同的织物使用实施例1-5所制备的防水整理剂以及对比例利用干法涂层整理方式进行整理，对比例为市售防水整理剂。分别对整理后的织物进行透湿性能测试以及防水测试，测试结果如表1所示。透湿性能使用YG(B)216X型透湿量仪进行测试，防水测试参照AATCC22-1997淋水性能测试标准进行测试。
表1
| 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 对比例 | |
| 透湿量(g/m2·24h) | 2650 | 2640 | 2630 | 2680 | 2660 | 2400 |
| 防水性能 | ＞90 | ＞90 | ＞90 | ＞90 | ＞90 | 80 |
Claims (8)
1.一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将环氧棕榈油，聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)，聚乙二醇-2000(PEG-2000)，聚乙二醇-4000(PEG-4000)，二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)以及二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)置于反应釜中，在氮气条件下，控制温度为75-85℃进搅拌进行预聚反应，反应进行6-8h后，向其中加入三乙醇胺搅拌30-45min后，加水分散制得乳液，之后向其中加入乙二醇单烯丙基醚，以及三甲基苄胺继续搅拌反应4-5h，制得改性聚氨酯乳液；
(2)向改性聚氨酯乳液中加入，纳米氧化锌分散液，聚乙烯醇，表面活性剂在60-80℃条件下，搅拌混合反应30-45min，制得通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中环氧棕榈油与聚四氢呋喃二醇的使用量摩尔比为(3-2):2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇-2000，聚乙二醇-4000的使用量摩尔比为1:3:2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中聚氨酯乳液固含量为32-36％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中各组分的用量为：改性聚氨酯乳液100份，纳米氧化锌分散液15-20份，聚乙烯醇12-15份，表面活性剂2-4份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述纳米氧化锌分散液中纳米氧化锌固含量为10％。
7.根据权利要求1所述的通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠，椰子油酰单乙醇胺，十二烷基二羟乙基甜菜碱或月桂酰胺丙基二甲胺乙内酯中的一种或多种混合物。
8.一种通气透湿纺织用防水整理剂，其特征在于：由权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法制备而成。
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| CN110409181A (zh) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-11-05 | 三赢家居用品(河源)有限公司 | 一种防水整理剂及其制备方法和应用方法 |
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