CN107073810A - 用于将热活化双面胶带施加到支撑件上的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于将热活化双面胶带施加到支撑件上的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN107073810A
CN107073810A CN201580058286.1A CN201580058286A CN107073810A CN 107073810 A CN107073810 A CN 107073810A CN 201580058286 A CN201580058286 A CN 201580058286A CN 107073810 A CN107073810 A CN 107073810A
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sided tape
support member
band
light beam
thermal activation
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达维德·菲尔诺
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Tektronix Nobel Pfeiffer Co
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Tektronix Nobel Pfeiffer Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/02—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
    • B29C63/024—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material the sheet or web-like material being supported by a moving carriage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B29C65/4845—Radiation curing adhesives, e.g. UV light curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/02—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1632—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating the surfaces to be joined
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1664—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B29C65/1667—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators at the same time, i.e. simultaneous laser welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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Abstract

用于通过以下方式将热活化双面胶(10)施加到支撑件(20)的方法和装置：通过使用来自至少两个不同的激光发射器(30)的激光加热双面胶带(10)来活化，所述发射器各自包括适于投射圆柱形光束(33)的光学准直管(31)，以及使所述活化的双面胶带(10)与所述支撑件(20)在接触区中互相接触，所以它们接合。

Description

用于将热活化双面胶带施加到支撑件上的方法和装置
发明领域
本发明涉及一种用于施加热活化双面胶带的方法和装置。
更具体地，本发明涉及用于优化将热活化双面胶带施加到支撑件的过程的方法，支撑件通常是由弹性材料、热塑性材料、PVC、硅酮等制成的支撑件。
本发明的另一个目的是适于实施所述用于将双面胶带施加到支撑件的方法的装置。
现有技术的描述
在各个工业领域中(例如，在汽车领域中)，已知使用双面胶带以通过将部件(例如，由弹性材料、热塑性材料、PVC、硅酮等制成的密封件)胶合到各种类型的表面来获得粘附。
在各个领域中，特别是密封件的使用越来越普遍。例如当提及汽车领域时，在密封件施加到门的闭合期间，这种密封件必须保证气密性密封。在这种密封件到表面(作为本申请的非限制性示例，例如再次提及汽车领域的到门的金属表面)的组装过程中，密封件到达设置有用于将密封件固定至表面的双面粘接剂的组装链(assembly chain)。
通过应用技术将这种双面胶带预先胶合到密封件，该应用技术包括已知的适用于活化双面胶带的热源的使用。
因此，根据本发明的方法和装置涉及的双面带的类型是包括至少一层丙烯酸泡沫或类似的发泡材料的带，所述至少一层丙烯酸泡沫在一侧上被热活化粘接物质覆盖，并且在另一侧上被所谓的垫片、即被适于被移除以允许带被胶合至支撑件的聚合物材料(例如，聚乙烯)的薄层覆盖。
因此，更具体地，由根据本发明的方法和装置所处理的双面胶带特别地用于将密封件胶合至车辆涂装部件。
因此，双面胶带在一侧上包括适于通过热活化粘附在EPDM和TPE橡胶上的热活化粘接剂的层，并且在另一侧包括由垫片保护的自粘接层，一旦垫片被移除，该自粘接层允许带本身快速地胶合并从而密封到车辆涂装部件。
除了连续的应用之外，市场需要双面胶带间歇地应用到支撑件，即设置有双面胶带的支撑件部分与其中未定位双面粘接剂的支撑件部分交替的应用，因此，这需要用于施加反应性双面胶带的自动装置，该反应性双面胶带设置有即时热源，没有瞬态的现象，该即时热源的温度必须总是即时地控制。
这里考虑的用于施加双面胶带的已知的方法要求使用设置有相对的滑轮的装置，双面胶带和支撑件(必须将所述双面胶带施加在其上)同时通过该滑轮。
该两个滑轮必须在两个元件——双面胶带和支撑件之间施加规律的恒定的压力，并且为了联接正确地发生，在两个元件插入滑轮内的步骤的期间，该两个元件必须被对齐并且以线性的恒定的方式被引导。
可以用底漆和胶水冷却，或在这里所考虑的热活化双面胶带的情况下，通过已经存在于双面胶带中的胶水的热活化，来进行双面胶带的粘附。这种胶水在预定温度下被活化，因此，该预定温度是粘附过程的基本参数。
在这里所考虑的热活化粘接剂到支撑件的粘附过程中，因此将粘接剂和支撑件之间的结合区域加热至粘接剂的活化温度是基本的，并且为了过程的正确的结果，该温度在整个粘附区域中保持恒定、均匀并且在操作期间没有过渡(例如，关于在开始操作的步骤期间所达到的活化温度)是基本的。
还有，在必要且足够获得粘接剂本身的活化但同时不会引起丙烯酸泡沫层的过度加热的水平上，执行热活化粘接剂层的加热也是非常重要的，丙烯酸泡沫层的过度加热将对加热产生负面影响并导致位于丙烯酸泡沫的与热活化双面胶带相对的侧上的粘接剂的随后的损害。
在垫片下面的粘接剂的损害将危及双面胶带和支撑件(例如，密封件)有效地胶合的可能性，双面胶带通过本发明的方法和装置物体胶合在该支撑件上，并且还可能损害垫片本身，作为损害垫片侧上的粘接剂的结果，垫片在多个点从丙烯酸泡沫起皱和升高。
目前，已知类型的方法和装置使用加热元件，诸如例如热空气发生器(送风机)和加热电阻器，该加热元件在正确定向时使热活化粘接剂达到活化温度。
如所述的，除了胶带之外，该过程还需要加热支撑件(例如，由密封件组成)，该支撑件由热空气击中并因此也被显著地加热。
为了粘接剂的粘附过程的良好结果，支撑件的加热是另一个基本的方面，并且为此目的，已知的是提供带有强烈加热功率的红外光，在施加双面胶带之前，该红外光增加支撑件的温度。
已知的用于施加双面胶带的方法具有许多缺陷。
首先，诸如热空气发生器和加热电阻器的加热元件的使用也导致装置在双面胶带和支撑件之间的结合点处附近的部分的加热，从而由于不可能将加热源的作用集中在一个点处，损害所得到结果的质量。实际上，传送双面胶带的滑轮的温度的不受控的增加可能例如导致对垫片，即对带的非常薄的部分的损坏，该垫片施加到双面胶带的表面上以覆盖不与支撑件接触的区域，并且当支撑件必须胶合到最终产品(例如，车辆的门)时，该垫片被移除。
影响已知类型的方法的另一个缺点是，当双面胶带和支撑件还未处于滑轮内正确的相互联接的位置时，粘接剂的热活化过程的过早激活的风险。
影响已知类型的方法的另一个缺点在于，支撑件的温度的高度增加可能通过热膨胀而引起支撑件变形的风险。由于支撑体具有与必须联接的双面胶带的热系数不同的热系数，所以一旦双面胶带已经被施加并且元件已经被冷却，支撑件的热变形可能引起机械应力，该机械应力可以使密封件本身弯曲并使垫片起皱，并因此最终使双面胶带弯曲和起皱。
为了减少过热的影响，对于已知类型的方法和装置，必须通过液体(例如，通过水的喷射)将与不期望的加热有关的所有的部件冷却，伴随执行粘附的装置的成本和尺寸的显著增加。
再次，使用所述加热工具的已知类型的装置在施加双面胶带的过程稳定之前需要较长的时间，这是因为由于通过加热工具来达到期望的温度不是瞬时的，存在用于使双面胶带达到活化温度的瞬态步骤。无论何时开始粘附过程并且在其加热之前，该瞬态步骤不可避免地产生废料。
现有技术的一些已知的解决方案使用激光装置，以用于将带或复合材料的覆盖层施加到基材。
在US 6,451,152 B1中示出了已知类型的方法和装置的实例，其中通过借助于激光二极管的阵列加热将复合材料的带施加到由复合材料制成的物品，该激光二极管的阵列可以彼此独立地激活以便控制发射功率。
该专利教导了使用包括多个激光二极管的阵列，以便允许在支撑件上和由复合材料制成的带上的均匀的能量分布，以便随着带的施加条件变化来优化能量分布，特别是根据其上必须施加带的支撑表面的曲率来改变加热。
实际上，该专利指出，如果当支撑件的表面是平坦时，带的加热被优化用于给定速度的将带放置(deposit)在支撑件上的头，，则能量本身将不足以加热凸起区域中的带，而在凹陷区域中能量将是过量的。
因此，现有文献US’152不针对将这里所考虑的类型的热活化双面胶带施加到橡胶材料的支撑件，而是针对将复合材料带施加到也由同样的材料制成的支撑件。
此外，现有文献没有教导就施加速度而言优化带放置过程的生产率，而是研究了另一个技术问题，其在于需要改变击中带的能量密度。
专利EP 1 334 819 A1和US 2012/0285604 A1在现有技术中也是已知的。
EP 1 334 819 A1再次涉及将复合材料分层施加的方法，并且在这种情况下还教导使用激光二极管阵列。同样在这种情况下，待处理的复合纤维区的控制通过控制器复合体(controller complex)进行，该控制器复合体决定该阵列的多个二极管的受控的打开和关闭。现有的专利要求阵列的每个二极管连接到独立的电源，以便彼此独立地控制二极管。
EP 819解决了根据例如待处理的纤维的尺寸(其可以是不同的)、纤维的材料的类型(其在该情况下也可以是不同的)等来优化能量密度分布的技术问题。
为此，包括多个二极管和激光源的阵列允许还根据可以具有非平坦表面和不同曲率半径的基材的几何形状来优化加热水平。
最终，现有文献US 2012/0285604 A1描述了一种用于覆盖由木材、塑料或其他类似材料制成的人造物的方法和装置，其中非常一般化地描述了使用至少两个能量源。这种能量源可以包括激光、红外线、超声波、磁场、微波、等离子体、气体发射器。
因此，该专利没有教导优化这里所考虑的类型的热活化粘接剂的胶合生产过程，也不涉及作为本发明目的的类型的装置的生产率。
发明概述
因此，本发明的主要任务是提供一种将上述类型的热活化双面胶带(即，包括热活化粘接剂的层)施加到支撑件的方法和装置，其允许解决困扰已知类型的方法和装置的缺陷。
在该任务中，本发明的目标是提供一种允许完全地消除使加热工具加热的步骤，从而显著地减少或甚至完全地消除浪费，同时完全地消除了由于对支撑件加热所导致的支撑件变形的问题的方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用于将热活化双面胶带施加到支撑件的方法，该方法允许具有瞬时加热，该瞬时加热可被调制并定位在双面胶带和支撑件之间的粘附区中。
还有，本发明的目的是提供一种方法，在该方法中，支撑件的由施加粘接剂所涉及的部分而不是整个支撑件被加热。
本发明的还一个目的是提供一种用于将热活化双面胶带施加到支撑件的装置，该装置允许实现本发明的方法目的，并且该装置更容易被制造，并从而更具成本效益。
特别地，本发明的目的是提供一种用于将热活化双面胶带施加到支撑件的装置，该装置不需要冷却工具，并且该装置提供高模块化性和对所引起的加热更精准的控制。
本发明的又一个目的是优化这里考虑的类型的热活化双面胶带的放置过程，从而提升适于实施所述方法的机器的生产率，同时得到最终结果在质量方面的提升，以及就减少施加支撑带所需的处理时间而言，提升了装置的生产率。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种方法和适于实施所述方法的装置，所述装置通过对使用热空气以加热支撑件的已知类型的装置进行改变以简单的方式获得，从而允许以简单的、有具成本效益的方式改装这种已知类型的装置。
通过根据所附独立权利要求的用于施加热活化双面胶带的方法，以及通过根据所附独立权利要求的适于实施所述的方法的装置，可以实现该任务以及这些和其他目标。
方法和装置的另外的特征在从属权利要求中被提及。
附图简述
通过对本发明的优选的实施方案的详细描述，本发明的另外的目的和优点将变得明显，该优选的实施方案通过非限制性示例在附图中示出：
图1示意性地示出了根据本发明的用于施加热活化双面胶带的装置的优选的实施方案；
图2示出了图1的细节；
图3示出了由激光源发射的能量的高斯分布；
图4示意性地示出了通过图1和图2的装置将激光应用到热活化双面胶带；
图5示出了由根据本发明的装置所产生的激光的高斯分布；
图6示意性地示出了根据本发明的装置的激光源的相互定位；
图7示出了根据本发明的施加热活化双面胶带的装置的优选的实施方案的概览。
优选实施方案的描述
根据本文通过根据本发明的用于施加热活化双面胶带的方法的非限制性示例所描述的优选的实施方案，使用激光来引起存在在双面胶带上的热活化粘接物质的加热，以获得双面胶带粘附到支撑件的表面。
参考附图，根据本发明的方法允许通过使用两个激光发射器30将热活化双面胶带10固定到支撑件20，激光发射器30各自包括能够投射圆柱形光束33的光学准直管31。激光发射器30可以通过光纤32各自连接到单个激光发生器，该激光发生器在附图中未示出。
根据本发明的方法包括以下步骤：
-准备支撑件20和热活化双面带10，所述热活化双面带10粘附在该支撑件20上；
-用来自至少两个激光发射器30的激光照射所述双面带10的至少一个部分，以便获得双面带10的至少一个活化区；
-使活化的双面带10的所述至少一个区与所述支撑件20在接触区互相接触。
根据本发明的方法还可以包括还用来自至少两个发射器30的所述激光照射支撑件的至少一个部分。
所述方法还包括在所述接触区中在所述支撑件20和处于活化状态下的所述双面带10之间施加压力的步骤，和校准由激光发射器30产生的光束33的会聚和部分重叠的至少一个步骤。
为了允许实施本发明的方法，也是本发明的目的的根据优选的实施方案的装置还包括第一轮40和与第一轮相对的第二轮50，第一轮40供给优选地缠绕在支撑盘管(未在附图中示出)上的双面胶带10。所述第一轮40和第二轮50以相互相反的旋转方向转动，并且它们的相互定位可以被调节成靠近/远离，使得界定用于在它们相切点处插入支撑件20的空间，使得插在两个轮40、50之间的所述支撑件20通过它们的旋转向前移动。
两个相对的且可调节的轮允许在所述双面胶带10和所述支撑件20之间施加压力，从而优化粘附过程。
同时，如图1所示，第一轮40供给部分地缠绕在第一轮40上的双面胶带10。
缠绕在支撑盘管上的双面胶带10有利地通过机械系统(未在附图中示出)展开。
因此，双面胶带10通过合适的引导装置被引导至第一轮40，第一轮40将双面胶带10供给至与支撑件50的接触区。
有利地，双面胶带10通过可调节的滑动件手动地或借助于伺服电动机电动地被引导，以便正确地定位在接触区中。
所述第一轮40可以由金属或塑料材料或其他材料制成，并且根据需要可以具有与带的光滑的或衬砌的(lined)接触表面，并且可以设置有减震器系统，该减震器系统通过气动或电动或弹簧工具确保双面胶带10以同样的预先设定的力再次抵靠支撑件20被按压。
为了将双面胶带分布在密封件上，支撑件可以通过与支撑双面胶带10的第一轮40相对的第二机动轮50进给，或者支撑件20可以保持静止而第一轮40可以移动，从而使所述第一轮20的轴线轴向地可移动的。
在第一种情况下，对应于附图中所示的优选的构造，第二轮50将独立于第一轮40被机动，以便避免对施加的结果有危害的表面应力。
第二轮50还可以由金属或塑料材料制成，并且必须每次根据支撑部段的形状成形，以便也用作支撑件本身的引导件。
在第二种情况下，对应于装置的可选的构造(未在附图中示出)，支撑件20将被适当地包含在根据支撑件20本身的部段的静止的引导件内。
根据本发明的装置还包括至少两个激光发射器30，至少两个激光发射器30各自包括光学准直管31，该光学准直管31能够沿着双面胶带10和支撑件20之间的接触区的方向投射圆柱形光束33。激光发射器30可以通过光纤32各自连接到单个激光发生器，或可以提供多个激光发生器。
所述激光发射器30能够产生具有波长包括在780和1100纳米之间、优选为约800纳米、甚至更优选为808纳米的光。
该范围的波长使得光被具有深色的塑料物体(例如通常为双面胶带10和支撑件20)吸收，从而积聚热能。
由激光二极管产生的激光优选地通过光纤32(例如，优选地但不一定是600μm光纤)传输至光学准直管31，光学准直管31朝向接触点与双面胶带10和支撑件20之间的接触定向，如图1、图2、图4和图5中所示的。
所使用的光学准直管的特性在于从其发出的光束呈圆柱形。集中在优选为约1厘米的圆柱形光束内的激光导致通过根据图3中所示的高斯曲线(优选地用超高斯分布)分布能量来照射表面进行加热。
根据本发明的装置包括使用并排布置的至少两个非共焦的激光源30，以便在带10与支撑件20的接触区处投射部分地重叠的两个圆柱形光束，如图4、图5和图6中所示的。
作为高斯型能量分布，圆柱中心的能量高于外侧。
待活化的双面胶带10的表面可以高达约20mm宽，并且因此并排的并且部分地重叠的至少两个圆柱形激光束必须用于保持整个待活化的双面胶带的表面上的能量恒定且均匀。
通过使用例如各自包括光学准直管以获得每个直径约1cm的激光源圆柱体并且使激光源圆柱体部分地重叠的两个激光源30，可以在待活化的双面胶带的整个表面上分布均匀量的能量，从而在双面胶带本身的活化方面获得均匀的结果。
通过手动调节两个准直管31，或者更好地通过定位电致动器以便准确地控制其相互位置，可以调节圆柱形光束33的会聚，以优化在双面胶带10和支撑件20之间的接触区中的能量分布并从而优化热量的分布，从而获得对双面胶带和支撑件上的胶水的期望的活化，如果它包括橡胶密封件，则燃烧橡胶的表面油。
为了提供一些参数，两个激光光源可以具有大约400瓦特的总功率。使用这种功率，这里考虑的具有约8mm的宽度的类型热活化带可以在约15mm的长度上以能量密度足够获得与橡胶支撑件的完全的、有效的胶合，并且允许带的供给速度为20米/分钟被照射。
根据本发明的优选实施方案，根据本发明的方法和装置要求两个准直管31在空间中是可调节的。
更优选地，除了如上述的可水平调节以优化带的宽度改变时在该带的整个宽度上的能量分布以及因此优化热量分布之外，这种准直管31还可以例如通过要求准直管31通过铰接件铰接到其支撑件，而是彼此独立地垂直地可调节的。
因此，参考图5和图6中的示意视图，例如，当准直管31沿着横向轴线A相对于带10并排布置的时候，准直管31不仅可以是水平地可调节的使得光束33至少部分地会聚在带10上，而且可以布置成沿着带10的纵向轴线彼此重叠。
参考图1，例如，水平方向是指由支撑件20所在的平面所确定的方向，并且垂直方向是指垂直于该平面的方向。类似地，参考图5，横向轴线A位于水平平面上。
如所述的，准直管31以及因此由其产生的光束33沿着横向轴线A的水平移动的可能性允许根据带的宽度来优化能量密度，从而使装置适于实施该方法并且是多用的，以便加热支撑件20和具有不同宽度的带10。
当带的宽度增加时，由于必须供应适于活化热活化粘接剂的功率密度，所以机器的速度以及因此其生产率降低。
当带的宽度相当大时，由准直管31产生的两个光束33必须并排地布置成可能最小地重叠，并且由于每个光束的如所述的高斯型的能量分布，因此存在由较低的能量密度影响的带的区。
由于功率是能量与时间单位的乘积，结果是，如果能量密度较低，为了获得活化热活化粘接剂所需的功率密度，将有必要将带较长时间地暴露于光束33的光能，并且这通过降低带的供给速度来获得。
相反，当带的宽度小时，由单个准直管31产生的仅一个光束33可能将足够活化粘接剂的能量密度供应到带，并且因此在该种情况下，替代激活单个准直管，所建议的方案是第二准直管31可以垂直地移动，使得两个光束33沿着横向轴线B在带上垂直地对齐。
因此，在可能增加带的供给速度方面可以获得巨大的优点，其中机器的速度甚至超过20-25米每分钟，达到30米每分钟。
沿着纵向轴线B、因此沿着带10的纵向轴线将两个光束33对齐所实现的优点，事实上不仅是带的更大的加热的部分的结果，而且是进一步减少了迟滞(hysteresis)步骤的结果，该迟滞步骤导致热活化粘接剂的活化：通过将两个光束33重叠，可以用相对于带的传送方向首次照射带的光束预加热粘接剂，该相对于带的传送方向(在图5中由箭头指示)首次照射带的光束预加热热活化粘附剂，预加热的热活化粘接剂进一步由第二光束加热，因此粘接剂几乎瞬时被活化。
这明显地允许显着增加的加工速度，具有以比现有技术中的已知类型的任何工艺和任何机器高得多的机器生产率。
根据本发明的优选的实施方案，所述准直管31还可以设置有允许光束33聚焦的专用光学元件。因此，光束本身可以通过改变由光束照射和能量集中的带的区的幅度来会聚和发散。
因此，准直管31上的专用光学元件的存在允许带上的能量密度被进一步改变。
优选地，根据本发明的方法要求将由源30发射的光源仅仅定位(addressing)在带10上并且不定位在支撑件上。事实上，已经根据实验指出，在所有的情况下，支撑件20间接地接收足够有效地完成胶合过程的能量。
为了即时地控制粘附过程，并且为了监测粘接剂的正确的活化，以及从而确保实现双面胶带和支撑件之间的结合，根据本发明的装置可以有利地包括温度计，即红外的、通常是高温温度计，通过该温度计可以即时地监测双面胶带所达到的和支撑件所达到的温度。
因此，如果在操作期间由高温温度计所检测的温度超出预设的阈值，则可以关联视觉的和/或听觉的警报工具。
再次通过可操作地连接到控制单元的温度计，可以通过控制单元自动地调节激光源30的功率，使得粘附温度在正确的范围内自动地调节。
中央控制单元处理由操作者手动地输入的工艺参数，诸如例如双面胶带和支撑件的材料的特性、热活化交代的宽度，和/或处理由存在于装置上的传感器所检测的工艺参数，传感器诸如例如前述的温度计和度量轮(metric wheel)(编码器)60，该度量轮60通过感测支撑件20的表面来检查支撑件本身的实际的向前移动，并且中央控制单元将该工艺参数与储存在储存模块中的预设阈值比较。
通过比较和调节模块，所述控制单元将输入的工艺参数与储存在存储模块中的参考参数值进行比较，并且然后作用于装置的工艺参数，诸如例如，源30的位置和功率以及支撑件和双面胶带的供给速度。
因此，中央控制单元可以有利地允许通过将与待活化双面胶带的表面的尺寸和支撑件的尺寸相关的参数作为输入数据输入，在过程期间，源30的位置可以相对于热活化带10和支撑件20的接触区自动地改变。
有利地，装置包括控制面板，工艺数据通过该控制面板输入控制单元中，诸如例如，双面胶带和支撑件的精密的尺寸、和粘接剂活化温度(即，加工温度)、以及两种材料的光吸收系数，该两种材料的光吸收系数可以被预存储，使得操作者可以仅输入制成双面胶带和支撑件的材料的类型，而不需要每次输入所述系数。
通过操作者可以有利地改变的其他参数为例如，双面胶带10相对于支撑件20的位置、所提到的准直管31相对于接触区(即，相对于双面胶带的活化区)的距离、由所述第一轮40和第二轮50在双面胶带和支撑件之间施加的机械压力、光源30的发射功率、轮的旋转速度以及因此支撑件和带的供给速度。
关于改变准直管31离接触区的距离的可能性，值得注意的是，相对于已知类型的解决方案，并且相对于根据上述的现有专利需要以阵列布置的多个二极管的解决方案，本文提出的解决方案通过使用准直的光束(collimated beams)，而且如果使用了轻微地会聚或分散的光束，允许激光源30定位成进一步远离带的加热区，从而避免烟雾或类似物污染光学元件。与已知类型的系统相比，这反映在过程的最终所得的更好的质量以及装置的更少的维护中。
为了该目的，如所述的，装置将设置有能够处理工艺数据并将其与预储存的数据进行比较的中央控制单元，并且还设置有能够使轮40和轮50以及激光源30的准直管31移动的电动的和/或气动的致动器。
如所述的，该装置将有利地包括通常称为编码器的度量轮60，该度量轮60通过感测支撑件20的表面来检查支撑件本身的实际的向前移动，并且使激光源30的活化受制于支撑件的实际的和正确的向前移动。
如果度量轮60检测到支撑件20的错误的移动，则激光将被瞬时地停用，以便避免起火的风险。
在已经考虑了说明本发明的优选实施方案的描述和附图之后，本发明的许多改变、修改、变化和其它用途及应用对于本领域技术人员将是明显的。本发明涵盖与所附权利要求书中定义的本发明的范围没有不同并且形成本文的组成部分的这样的改变、修改、变化和其它用途及应用。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于施加热活化双面胶带的方法，包括以下步骤：
-准备热活化双面胶带(10)和支撑件(20)，所述热活化双面胶带(10)粘附在所述支撑件上；
-用来自至少两个不同的激光发射器(30)的激光照射所述双面胶带(10)的至少一部分，所述发射器各自包括光学准直管(31)，所述光学准直管适于投射圆柱形光束(33)，以获得双面胶带(10)的至少一个活化区；
-使活化的双面胶带(10)的所述至少一个区与所述支撑件(20)在接触区中互相接触。
2.根据前一权利要求所述的方法，其中所述光学准直管(31)是水平地可移动的，以便至少沿着相对于所述带(10)的横向轴线(B)定向所述光束(33)。
3.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法，其中所述光学准直管(31)是垂直地可移动的，以便至少沿着相对于所述带(10)的纵向轴线(B)定向所述光束(33)。
4.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法，其中来自所述至少两个激光发射器(30)的激光另外照射所述支撑件(20)的至少一部分。
5.根据前一权利要求所述的方法，其中所述光学准直管(31)布置成使得投射在热活化双面胶带(10)的所述至少一个部分上的所述圆柱形光束(33)在双面胶带待活化的部分处部分地重叠。
6.根据前述权利要求中的一项或更多项所述的方法，还包括在所述支撑件(20)和所述双面胶带(10)之间施加压力的步骤。
7.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法，还包括校准由所述发射器(30)投射的所述圆柱形激光束(33)的会聚和部分重叠的步骤。
8.一种用于将热活化双面胶带(10)施加到支撑件(20)的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括至少两个激光发射器(30)，所述发射器各自包括适于在所述双面胶带(10)的至少一个部分上投射圆柱形光束(33)的光学准直管(31)。
9.根据前一权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光学准直管(31)是水平地可移动的，以便至少沿着相对于所述带(10)的横向轴线(B)定向所述光束(33)。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光学准直管(31)是垂直地可移动的，以便至少沿着相对于所述带(10)的纵向轴线(B)定向所述光束(33)。
11.根据前一权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于，所述激光束(33)在所述双面胶带(10)待活化的区处至少部分地重叠。
12.根据前一权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括温度计，所述温度计适于即时地监测双面胶带(10)的由所述激光照射的部分所达到的温度。
13.根据前一权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括至少一个中央控制单元，所述中央控制单元又包括至少一个数据采集模块、至少一个存储模块和至少一个比较和调节模块，所述至少一个数据采集模块配置为接收输入的工艺参数值，所述至少一个存储模块配置为储存工艺参数的参考值，所述至少一个比较和调节模块配置为将所述输入的工艺参数与储存在所述存储模块中的参考参数的值进行比较并相应地改变所述装置的操作参数。
14.根据前一权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括用于由操作者输入所述输入的工艺参数的至少一个控制面板。
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