CN107069059B - Thermal battery activation device based on PVDF film - Google Patents

Thermal battery activation device based on PVDF film Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107069059B
CN107069059B CN201710034553.2A CN201710034553A CN107069059B CN 107069059 B CN107069059 B CN 107069059B CN 201710034553 A CN201710034553 A CN 201710034553A CN 107069059 B CN107069059 B CN 107069059B
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battery
pvdf film
layer
electrode
activation
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CN107069059A (en
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唐恩凌
韩雅菲
王睿智
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Shenyang Ligong University
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Shenyang Ligong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
    • H01M6/36—Deferred-action cells containing electrolyte and made operational by physical means, e.g. thermal cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/50—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
    • H01M6/5088—Initial activation; predischarge; Stabilisation of initial voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The activation device based on the PVDF film thermal battery comprises a PVDF film, an electrode, an electric ignition head, an insulating layer, an insulating wire, a gravity block, an ignition strip, a single battery, a shell, a battery electrode and a wire; the upper layer of the shell is provided with a single battery, the upper end of the single battery is connected with a battery electrode, and the outer side and the bottom end of the single battery are provided with ignition strips; the lower layer of the shell is provided with a gravity block, an insulating layer, an electrode and a PVDF film in sequence from top to bottom; the gravity piece is provided with circular through-hole in the middle, and circular through-hole is inside to be provided with the electricity and fires the head, is provided with the interlayer between upper strata and the lower floor, and the centre of interlayer is provided with the opening. The PVDF film is used as an activation energy source, so that the occupied space is small, and the microminiaturization requirement of the thermal battery is met; the activation time is short, the activation reliability is up to more than 99.5%, and the reliability is good; the PVDF film is soft in texture, light in weight, simple in structure as an activation energy source and easy to process and assemble.

Description

Thermal battery activation device based on PVDF film
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuzes, missiles and aerospace thermal batteries, and particularly relates to a thermal battery activating device based on a PVDF film.
Background
The thermal battery is a battery activated by heating, electrolyte in the thermal battery is a non-conductive solid at normal temperature, and when the thermal battery is used, ignition paper in the battery is ignited by an activating device (an electric point movable head or a firing pin for exciting a fire cap), so that the electrolyte in the battery is quickly heated, melted and conducted, and the battery is activated and outputs electric energy.
At present, two main activation modes of the domestic thermal battery are that one is electric activation, namely, an external power supply is used for igniting an electric igniting head to ignite, and a heating sheet is ignited to activate the thermal battery; the other is mechanical activation, namely, the heating plate is ignited to activate the thermal battery by using mechanical energy to fire the fire cap. External power supply devices such as a mechanical generator are added to the electric activation, a fire cap is designed at the bottom end of the battery for loading the fire cap into the fire cap, and components such as a firing pin, a spring, a guide cylinder and the like are added to the electric activation. The drawbacks of the two existing activation modes are: (1) The electric activation and the mechanical activation are realized by igniting the ignition paper through an initiating explosive device and then igniting the heating plate, the combustion speed of various materials in the process is slow, the activation time is longer, more than 0.3s is required at the fastest speed, and the requirements of special-performance weapons cannot be met; (2) The two activation modes need additional other devices, have larger volume and occupy large space in the bullet, and are not beneficial to realizing the miniaturization of the thermal battery; and (3) the additional activating device has a complex structure and a long production period.
PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride, PVDF for short) has piezoelectric properties, namely, polarization occurs under the action of pressure to generate charges with opposite signs on the two end surfaces of the material, the direction of acting force is changed, the polarity of the charges is changed, and when external force is removed, the dielectric medium is restored to an uncharged state.
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is necessary to combine the characteristics of PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride, PVDF for short) polyvinylidene fluoride to invent an inventive and novel device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a thermal battery activating device based on a PVDF film, which solves the problems that the existing thermal battery activating mode occupies a large space, is long in activating time, is not easy to assemble and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: PVDF film, electrode, electric igniting head, insulating layer, insulating wire, gravity block, igniting strip, single cell, casing, cell electrode and wire;
the shell is arranged into a battery upper layer and a battery lower layer, a battery interlayer is arranged between the upper layer and the lower layer, and a round hole is formed in the middle of the battery interlayer;
a single battery is arranged in the upper layer of the battery, the top end of the single battery is connected with a battery electrode, and ignition strips are arranged between the single battery and the inner side wall of the upper layer shell and between the single battery and a battery interlayer;
the lower layer of the battery is provided with a gravity block, an insulating layer, an electrode and a PVDF film in sequence from top to bottom; the gravity block is cylindrical, and a circular through hole is formed in the middle of the gravity block, and the diameter of the circular through hole is the same as that of a round hole in the middle of the battery interlayer;
the electric ignition head is respectively connected with the two electrodes in series through insulated wires; a PVDF film is arranged between the two electrodes;
insulating layers are arranged between the electrodes and the insulated wires, on the inner side wall of the lower layer of the battery and on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the lower layer of the battery, and the insulating layers ensure that the PVDF film is insulated from the shell and the gravity block, and the PVDF film is used for providing energy for the thermal battery.
As a preferred embodiment, the PVDF film has a thickness in the range of ten to one thousand microns.
As a preferable technical scheme, the gravity block is made of steel sheets.
As a preferred embodiment, the single cells are cylindrical.
As a preferred solution, the distance between the upper end of the electric ignition head and the ignition strip is set to be less than 5mm.
As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the activation device is set to within 1mm.
As a preferable technical scheme, the single battery comprises a heating plate, a cathode plate, an anode plate, an electrolyte and a current collecting plate.
The gravity block is provided with a circular through hole in the middle, and an electric ignition head is arranged in the circular through hole; the function of the PVDF film is to increase overload of the PVDF film during the rifling.
The two ends of the electric ignition head are connected with the insulated wire and are connected in series between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the PVDF film, and the electric ignition head has the functions of: when the PVDF film and the electric ignition head form a loop under the action of the rifling pressure to reach an overload condition, the electric ignition head is ignited by current pulse. The electric ignition head further ignites the ignition paper, thereby activating the battery.
The PVDF film is soft in texture, easy to process, simple in structure and easy to assemble.
The thermal battery activation energy source adopts PVDF film.
Compared with the prior activation mode, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) The thermal battery activating device based on the PVDF film has the total thickness of less than 1mm and small occupied space, and meets the microminiaturization requirement of the thermal battery; (2) When the battery reaches an overload condition (the pressure is more than 300 Mpa), the PVDF film can generate current pulse to quickly ignite ignition paper within 5 microseconds, the battery is activated within 10 milliseconds, the activation time is short, the activation reliability is as high as more than 99.5%, and the reliability is good; (3) The PVDF film is soft in texture, easy to process, simple in structure and easy to assemble.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal battery activation device based on PVDF film;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of gun bore pressure in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a graph of PVDF stress curve during the experiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the trunk voltage under experimental stress of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the trunk current under experimental stress of the present invention.
The serial numbers in the figures illustrate: 1 PVDF film; 2 electrode; 3, insulating wires; 4 an insulating layer; 5, an electric ignition head; 6, a gravity block; 7, igniting the strip; 8, a single battery; 9 a shell; 10 battery electrodes; 11 upper layers of the battery; 12 lower layers of the battery; 13 a battery separator; 14 wires.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention.
The following is presented in connection with fig. 1: a PVDF film based thermal battery activation apparatus comprising: PVDF film 1, electrode 2, insulated wire 3, insulating layer 4, electric ignition head 5, gravity block 6, igniting strip 7, single cell 8, case 9, cell electrode 10, cell upper layer 11, cell lower layer 12, cell interlayer 13.
The shell 9 is arranged into a cylinder, the shell 9 is arranged into a battery upper layer 11 and a battery lower layer 12, a battery interlayer 13 is arranged between the upper layer and the lower layer, and a round hole is formed in the middle of the battery interlayer 13;
a single battery 8 is arranged in the battery upper layer 11, the top end of the single battery 8 is connected with a battery electrode 10, and ignition strips 7 are arranged between the single battery 8 and the inner side wall of the upper layer shell and between the single battery 8 and a battery interlayer 13;
the lower battery layer 12 is provided with a gravity block 6, an insulating layer 4, an electrode 2 and a PVDF film 1 in sequence from top to bottom; the gravity block 6 is cylindrical, and a circular through hole is formed in the middle of the gravity block, and the diameter of the circular through hole is the same as that of a circular hole in the middle of the battery interlayer 13;
the electric ignition heads 5 are respectively connected with the two electrodes 2 in series through insulated wires 3; a PVDF film 1 is arranged between the two electrodes 2;
an insulating layer 4 is arranged between the electrode 2 and the insulated wire 3, on the inner side wall of the lower battery layer 12 and on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the lower battery layer 12, the insulating layer 4 ensures that the PVDF film 1 is insulated from the shell and the gravity block 6, and the PVDF film 1 is used for providing energy for the thermal battery.
The single battery 8 internally comprises a heating plate, a cathode plate, an anode plate, an electrolyte and a current collecting plate. When the single battery 8 is subjected to the rifling action to reach the overload condition, the PVDF film 1 generates current pulses to ignite the electric ignition head 5, so that the ignition strip 7 and the heating plate in the single battery 8 are ignited, and the single battery 8 starts to work.
The gravity block 6 is made of steel sheets, and different sizes can be selected according to the size and space requirements of the thermal battery.
The thickness of the PVDF film thermal battery activating device is smaller than 1mm.
The distance between the upper end of the electric ignition head 5 and the ignition strip 7 is set to be less than 5mm.
The PVDF film (1) has a thickness ranging between ten and one thousand microns. The gravity block is made of steel sheets.
The single battery is set to be a cylinder.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic circuit diagram of a PVDF film thermal battery activation apparatus is shown: the circuit comprises the following components: an electric ignition head 5, a wire 14 and a PVDF film 1.
And electrodes 2 at two ends of the PVDF film 1 are connected with the lead 14 and the electric ignition head 5 in series, and when the thermal battery receives the action of the rifling pressure to reach the overload condition, the PVDF film 1 generates current through the lead 14 and flows into the electric ignition head 5 due to the piezoelectric effect.
Referring to FIG. 3, the action curve of the projectile body in the process of launching the small-sized projectile of a certain gun is shown, the maximum value of the rifling pressure exceeds 300Mpa, and the action time is less than 10ms. To simulate this process, the impact pressure shown in fig. 4 was applied to a thermal battery using PVDF film 1 as an activation energy source, PVDF film 1 was connected in series with electric igniter 5, and the measured dry circuit voltage and current time course curves are shown in fig. 5 and 6, and the result showed that the electric igniter having an ignition current of 0.5A was rapidly ignited within 5 microseconds.
The PVDF film 1 is used as the thermal battery activation energy, the total thickness is within 1mm, the occupied space is small, and the microminiaturization requirement of the thermal battery is met; when the battery reaches an overload condition (the pressure is more than 300 Mpa), the PVDF film can generate current pulse to quickly ignite ignition paper within 5 microseconds, the battery is activated within 10 milliseconds, the activation time is short, the activation reliability is as high as more than 99.5%, and the reliability is good; the PVDF film is soft in texture, light in weight and easy to process and assemble.
The thermal battery activating device based on the PVDF film has the total thickness of less than 1mm and small occupied space, and meets the microminiaturization requirement of the thermal battery; when the battery reaches an overload condition (the pressure is more than 300 Mpa), the PVDF film can generate current pulse to quickly ignite ignition paper within 5 microseconds, the battery is activated within 10 milliseconds, the activation time is short, the activation reliability is as high as more than 99.5%, and the reliability is good;
the PVDF film is soft in texture, easy to process, simple in structure and easy to assemble.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but extends to equivalent technical means as will occur to those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims (7)

1. The thermal battery activation device based on the PVDF film is characterized by comprising the PVDF film (1), an electrode (2), an insulated wire (3), an insulating layer (4), an electric ignition head, (5) a gravity block (6), a igniting strip (7), a single battery (8), a shell (9) and a battery electrode (10);
the shell (9) is arranged into a cylinder, the shell (9) is arranged into a battery upper layer (11) and a battery lower layer (12), a battery interlayer (13) is arranged between the upper layer and the lower layer, and a round hole is formed in the middle of the battery interlayer (13);
a single battery (8) is arranged in the battery upper layer (11), the top end of the single battery (8) is connected with a battery electrode (10), and ignition strips (7) are arranged between the single battery (8) and the inner side wall of the upper layer shell and between the single battery (8) and a battery interlayer (13);
the lower battery layer (12) is sequentially provided with a gravity block (6), an insulating layer (4), an electrode (2) and a PVDF film (1) from top to bottom; the gravity block (6) is cylindrical, and a circular through hole is formed in the middle of the gravity block, and the diameter of the circular through hole is the same as that of a round hole in the middle of the battery interlayer (13);
the electric ignition head (5) is respectively connected with the two electrodes (2) in series through the insulated wire (3); a PVDF film (1) is arranged between the two electrodes (2);
an insulating layer (4) is arranged between the electrode (2) and the insulated wire (3), on the inner side wall of the lower battery layer (12) and on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the lower battery layer (12), and the insulating layer (4) ensures that the PVDF film (1) is insulated from the shell and the gravity block (6); the PVDF film (1) is used for providing energy for the thermal battery.
2. The PVDF film-based thermal battery activation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the PVDF film (1) has a thickness set in the range of ten to one thousand micrometers.
3. The PVDF film-based thermal battery activation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the weight (6) is made of steel sheet.
4. The PVDF film-based thermal battery activation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the single cells (8) are provided as cylinders.
5. The PVDF film-based thermal battery activation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the upper end of the electrical ignition head (5) and the ignition strip (7) is set to less than 5mm.
6. The PVDF film-based thermal battery activation assembly of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the activation assembly is set to within 1mm.
7. The PVDF film-based thermal battery activation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the single battery (8) internally comprises a heating sheet, a cathode sheet, an anode sheet, an electrolyte and a current collector sheet.
CN201710034553.2A 2017-01-18 2017-01-18 Thermal battery activation device based on PVDF film Active CN107069059B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109193002B (en) * 2018-09-20 2020-05-05 贵州梅岭电源有限公司 Miniaturized overload activation thermal battery and preparation method thereof
CN114464826A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-10 贵州梅岭电源有限公司 Split type activation thermal battery
CN115332739A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-11-11 上海空间电源研究所 Combined battery case based on laser activation

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1126734A (en) * 1997-07-03 1999-01-29 Seiko Epson Corp Transfer method of thin film device, thin film device, thin film integrated circuit device, active matrix substrate and liquid crystal display device
CN103187576A (en) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-03 清华大学 Current collector, electrochemical battery electrode and electrochemical battery
CN104466258A (en) * 2014-12-05 2015-03-25 江苏天鹏电源有限公司 Cylindrical lithium battery preparation method and formula of conductive pulp of cylindrical lithium battery
CN105789652A (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-07-20 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Preparation method of thin monomer thermal battery
CN206546856U (en) * 2017-01-18 2017-10-10 沈阳理工大学 A kind of thermal battery activating device based on PDVF films

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1126734A (en) * 1997-07-03 1999-01-29 Seiko Epson Corp Transfer method of thin film device, thin film device, thin film integrated circuit device, active matrix substrate and liquid crystal display device
CN103187576A (en) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-03 清华大学 Current collector, electrochemical battery electrode and electrochemical battery
CN104466258A (en) * 2014-12-05 2015-03-25 江苏天鹏电源有限公司 Cylindrical lithium battery preparation method and formula of conductive pulp of cylindrical lithium battery
CN105789652A (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-07-20 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Preparation method of thin monomer thermal battery
CN206546856U (en) * 2017-01-18 2017-10-10 沈阳理工大学 A kind of thermal battery activating device based on PDVF films

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