RU190320U1 - Short-term power supply - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an autonomous power source of an electronic artillery detonator fuse. The objective of the proposed utility model is to create a short-term power supply with a simplified design that ensures reliable operation when it is activated and increased safety in service use. The task is achieved due to the fact that the short-term power supply includes a housing, inside of which there is a movable unit fixed by a holding mechanism at one of the inner surfaces of the housing, and a firing pin located on the side opposite to the movable unit. The short-term power supply contains a piezoelectric element placed inside the mobile unit and an electronic unit located inside the housing and electrically connected to the piezoelectric element. Moreover, a short-term energy source is a piezoelectric element, made in the form of a set of layers of piezoceramic material, the number of layers and dimensions are determined by the amount required for electricity consumption. 1 hp f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to an autonomous power source of an electronic artillery detonator fuse.

A chemical ampoule-type current source is known, comprising a housing, a collapsing ampoule filled with a non-aqueous electrolyte, electrode blocks, each of which contains lithium anodes, carbon cathodes separated by porous separators, a source of pressure impulse that activates a kinematic mass that destroys the electrolyte ampoule in the process of activation of the element (patent DE 3718788 from 10.12.1987).

The disadvantages of the known chemical ampoule-type current source include the insufficient reliability of operation at the moment of activation due to the appearance of ampoules of destroyed material in the working cavity of the electrode unit, which can lead to battery failure.

Known pyrotechnic electric current generator (RF patent No. 2095745 dated 09/20/1996), which is a high-temperature galvanic cell and consists of pyrotechnic electrodes separated in a porous dielectric separator, made in the form of thin lamellar charges.

The anodic and cathodic pyrotechnic composition includes fuel, oxidizer and electrolyte, while the anode is made in the form of a pyrotechnic charge with an excess of fuel, and the cathode - with an excess of oxidant. The igniter pulse triggers simultaneous burning of the anode and cathode pyrotechnic charge. The heat released during their combustion melts the electrolyte in the separator, which provides ionic contact between the combustion products of the electrodes, so that electrochemical oxidation of the fuel — zirconium — takes place at the anode, and electrochemical reduction of the oxidant, copper oxide, takes place at the anode.

The disadvantages of the known pyrotechnic generator of electric current are functional unreliability due to the possible leakage of the molten electrolyte and the relatively long time to reach the mode with a small duration of generation of electric current.

A device of a thermal current source (RF Patent No. 2091918 of 10/28/1987) is known, which contains an indicator of control, a block of electrochemical elements, each of which is provided with solid layers of anode, cathode, electrolyte, heating elements, which are limited from the outside by a common case with thermal insulation and a cover.

The drawbacks of the thermal current source are the low reliability of breaking the control indicator circuit of the thermal current source, low energy intensity indicators, the use of precious materials in the control indicator circuit.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed device is an ampoule energy-containing current source for powering an electronic fuse of small-caliber artillery shots (RF patent №2487313 from 03.02.2012), which was selected as a prototype. It contains a movable unit, made in the form of a glass spring-loaded ampoule with electrolyte and placed inside a permeable sleeve adjacent to the coaxial unit of plate-shaped bipolar electrodes. When this movable unit is placed between the negative and positive electrodes, equipped with current leads. The ampoule has the possibility of longitudinal inertial movement relative to the striker at the bottom of the housing and is closed with a cap cover, which is fixed in the housing with a flange and rests on the end of the sleeve and the electrode block. In the permeable sleeve, coaxially between the electrode gaps of the electrode block, through holes are made, between which the longitudinal blades are distributed from the inside along the perimeter. Bipolar electrodes are equipped with communication channels, and through holes in a permeable sleeve are made in the form of longitudinal slits at the height of the electrode block.

The described power supply operates as follows.

When shot under the action of inertial forces, the glass ampoule moves downward relative to the fuse body, compressing the support spring, and splits against the stationary firing pin.

Liquid electrolyte flows from the ampoule into the bushing volume, where under the action of centrifugal forces of rotation of the munition and forced pushing by the blades, it engages in the circulation movement, resulting in electrolyte under pressure through radial distributed flows through the through holes in the interelectrode gaps of the block, dynamically filling them, resulting in Electrochemical interaction of the electrolyte and electrodes produces an electric current.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

1. The inability to test its performance without mechanical destruction of the ampoule containing the electrolyte.

2. Unstable time of the power supply to the operating mode, which depends on the ambient temperature.

3. It is impossible to use in ammunition where the centrifugal rotational forces are small and which are not sufficient to force the liquid electrolyte into the interelectrode gaps of the block (for example, the rotational speeds of a 152-mm projectile are 150 rev / s, 122-mm projectile is 180 rev / s. not enough, and in the ammunition 125 mm smooth-bore guns rotation is absent altogether).

The objective of the proposed utility model is to create a short-term power supply with a simplified design that ensures reliable operation when it is activated and increased safety in service use.

The technical result is to increase the reliability of operation, ensuring the calculated energy characteristics regardless of the ambient temperature, simplifying the design, safety in service use.

The task is achieved due to the fact that the short-term power supply includes a housing, inside of which there is a movable unit fixed by a holding mechanism at one of the inner surfaces of the housing, and a firing pin located on the side opposite to the movable unit. The short-term power supply contains a piezoelectric element placed inside the mobile unit and an electronic unit located inside the housing and electrically connected to the piezoelectric element. Moreover, a short-term energy source is a piezoelectric element, made in the form of a set of layers of piezoceramic material, the number of layers and dimensions are determined by the amount required for electricity consumption.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in FIG. 1, which shows the design of the proposed short-term power source.

The short-term power supply contains:

1 - the case;

2 - Punch;

3 - The holding mechanism;

4 - Mobile unit;

5 - Piezo element;

6 - Electronic unit.

Short-term power supply works as follows.

In the initial state, the movable unit 4, with the piezoelectric element 5 mounted in it, is fixed by the holding mechanism 3 in the housing 1 on the opposite side from the striker 2.

The short-term power supply is activated when fired by a pulsed axial load, when the piezoelectric element 5 mounted in the movable unit 4, overcoming the friction forces and the efforts of the holding mechanism 3, hits the fixed firing head 2. The holding mechanism 3 can be executed, for example, in the form of a spring.

During the impact, a piezoelectric effect occurs in the piezoelectric element 5, resulting in an electric charge on the electrodes of the piezoelectric element 5, which is fed through an electrical connection (not shown in Fig. 1) to the electronic unit 6, which converts the formed electric charge into electrical voltage used to supply the useful load.

The electronic unit 6 may be made in the form of a diode bridge and a storage capacitor.

Thus, the task of creating a short-term power source with a simplified design that ensures the reliability of operation when it is activated and increased security in service circulation has been solved.

Information sources.

1. Patent DE 3718788 of 12/10/1987

2. RF patent №2095745 dated 09/20/1996

3. RF patent №2091918 from 10.28.1987

4. RF patent №2487313 from 03.02.2012.

Claims (2)

1. A short-term power supply, comprising a housing, inside of which a movable unit is located, fixed by a holding mechanism on one of the inner surfaces of the housing, and a striker located on the housing side opposite to the movable unit, characterized in that it comprises a piezoelectric element and an electronic unit located inside the housing and electrically connected with the piezoelectric element. 2. A short-term power supply under item 1, characterized in that the piezoelectric element is made in the form of a set of layers of a piezoceramic material.

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