CN111777475A - Pyrotechnic agent for insensitive electric ignition head and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Pyrotechnic agent for insensitive electric ignition head and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111777475A CN111777475A CN202010646421.7A CN202010646421A CN111777475A CN 111777475 A CN111777475 A CN 111777475A CN 202010646421 A CN202010646421 A CN 202010646421A CN 111777475 A CN111777475 A CN 111777475A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
- C06B21/0025—Compounding the ingredient the ingredient being a polymer bonded explosive or thermic component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
- H01M6/36—Deferred-action cells containing electrolyte and made operational by physical means, e.g. thermal cells
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pyrotechnic compositions, and particularly relates to a pyrotechnic composition for a insensitive electric ignition head, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the pyrotechnic composition consists of a reducing agent, an oxidizing agent and a forming adhesive; the reducing agent consists of magnesium powder, zirconium powder and aluminum powder; the oxidant is barium peroxide, and the adhesive is composed of absolute ethyl alcohol and polyvinyl butyral. The pyrotechnic composition for the insensitive electric ignition head is applied to ignition of a thermal battery, has the advantages of high ignition point, large output energy, safety in use and the like, and can meet the ignition requirement of the thermal battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pyrotechnic compositions, and particularly relates to a pyrotechnic composition for a insensitive electric ignition head, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Thermal batteries, also known as heat activated reserve batteries (heat activated regenerative batteries). The thermal battery is a molten salt battery started by igniting a firework heat source, and has the advantages of high specific energy and no need of maintenance in the storage period. The electrolyte is non-conductive solid when the thermal battery is stored, and when the thermal battery is used, the heating agent in the thermal battery is ignited by using an electric ignition head or a firing pin mechanism and the like, so that the electrolyte is melted into an ionic conductor to be activated. The thermal battery is used as a reserve type energy source, has the characteristics of short activation time, quick response, high-power output, long storage life, capability of being installed in any direction and the like, and is widely applied to various missile weapons.
Since the 70 s in the 20 th century, the interest of the thermal battery in the major military strong countries in the world has been multiplied, and the 80 s have been rapidly developed. The thermal battery is a starting and emergency power supply for missile launching, torpedo submarines, guided missiles, intelligent bombs, ejection seats and the like, is limited by the characteristics of the application field, and few open reports on detailed information about the thermal battery. The thermal battery mainly comprises a pile, an ignition component, a heating component, an insulating and heat-preserving component, a battery shell, a cover and other structural components, and when the thermal battery is used, the current is adopted to ignite an electric ignition head or a firing pin mechanism is used for striking the ignition component such as a fire cap and the like to ignite the ignition element, so that the heating element is ignited, the internal temperature of the battery is rapidly increased, the electrochemical reaction is started, meanwhile, electrolyte is melted, and an ion conductor with high conductivity is formed, so that the battery is activated, and the required direct current voltage and current can be output in a short time.
The electric ignition head is a main ignition component for electrically activating the thermal battery, and the sensitive electric ignition head is mainly used as an igniter in the initial development stage of the thermal battery. Nowadays, a plurality of new-concept weapons continuously appear in the fierce military confrontation, a plurality of new technical equipment continuously develop, the requirements on various performance indexes of a thermal battery are higher, the anti-interference performance of the thermal battery to the environment is gradually attracted by a plurality of experts and scholars, and the insensitive electric ignition head is gradually the first choice of a thermal battery igniter, so that the development of the pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head, which has high ignition point, large output energy and safe use, is particularly important.
In the design of a passive electrical firing head, it is most important to use passive pyrotechnic compositions. Two insensitive pyrotechnic compositions are introduced in the book "engineering of initiating explosive devices" by the King Kaimen doctor: TiH19/KClO4And Mg/TeO2. Because the auxiliary components are not clear, the proportion is not specific, the reference effect is not obvious, in addition, the ignition standard of the insensitive electric ignition head is 1A, 1W and 5min, the ignition is not carried out for 5A, 5W and 50ms, namely, the activation current is 5A, the reliable ignition time is 50ms, the index requirement of the insensitive electric ignition head is improved, and compared with the pyrotechnic agent, the research on the pyrotechnic agent with the characteristics of high ignition point, large output heat, safe use and the like to meet the insensitive activation requirement of the thermal battery is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pyrotechnic agent for a insensitive thermal battery electric ignition head, a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems. The pyrotechnic agent provided by the method is used as a pyrotechnic agent of a passive electric ignition head, is applied to the activation of a thermal battery, has the advantages of high ignition point, large output energy, safe use and the like, can meet the activation requirement of the thermal battery, and is particularly suitable for being applied to the thermal battery with extremely high requirement on environmental adaptability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head consists of a reducing agent, an oxidizing agent and a forming adhesive.
The reducing agent consists of magnesium powder, zirconium powder and aluminum powder.
The oxidant is barium peroxide.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder and the aluminum powder in the reducing agent is (10-15): (5-10): 5-10).
The mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder, the aluminum powder and the oxidant is (10-15): (5-10): 65-75).
Further preferably, the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder, the aluminum powder and the oxidant is 15:5:5: 75.
Further, the molding binder is an absolute ethanol solution of polyvinyl butyral.
Furthermore, the concentration of the molding adhesive is 1-3 percent, namely 1-3 g of polyvinyl butyral is added into each 100ml of absolute ethyl alcohol.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a pyrotechnic composition for a insensitive electric firing head, comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing an oxidant and a reducing agent to prepare a powdery pyrotechnic agent; adding polyvinyl butyral into absolute ethyl alcohol and uniformly stirring to prepare an adhesive solution; and mixing the powdery pyrotechnic agent and the forming adhesive solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare slurry, thus obtaining the pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head.
The chemical reaction equation of the pyrotechnic agent for the blunt-induction electric fire head is as follows:
5BaO2+Mg+Zr+2Al＝5BaO+MgO+ZrO+Al2O3
due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the pyrotechnic compositions for the insensitive electric sparking tips of the present invention were tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC method) and the results are shown in FIG. 1. The results of the curves show: the ignition point of the pyrotechnic composition reaches 544.6 ℃, and the heat generation amount of the pyrotechnic composition per unit mass is 2.837 Kj/g. Therefore, the pyrotechnic composition can meet the requirement of the insensitive electric firing head on the high ignition point of the pyrotechnic composition, can meet the insensitive ignition requirement of a thermal battery, and is particularly suitable for the thermal battery with extremely high requirement on environmental adaptability.
(2) Because of its large output energy, a pyrotechnic agent with a mass of 30mg can complete the ignition of the ignition plate inside the thermal battery, while TiH19/KClO4And Mg/TeO2The mass of the two pyrotechnic compositions must be above 60 mg. Therefore, the external dimensions of the insensitive electric ignition head using the pyrotechnic composition of the invention are only 3.5mm, while the external dimensions of the inert electric ignition head using TiH19/KClO4And Mg/TeO2The external dimension of the insensitive electric ignition head reaches 4.5 mm.
(3) The passive electric ignition head pyrotechnic agent system is added, and more alternative technical approaches are provided for the design of the passive electric ignition head.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the DSC curve chart of the pyrotechnic composition for the insensitive electric ignition head is shown;
FIG. 2: comparative example equal weight Mg/TeO2Pyrotechnic DSC profile;
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below with reference to the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.
Example 1
The pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head consists of an oxidant, a reducing agent and a forming adhesive;
the reducing agent consists of magnesium powder, zirconium powder and aluminum powder; the oxidant is barium peroxide; the forming adhesive is an absolute ethyl alcohol solution of polyvinyl butyral, and the concentration of the forming adhesive is 2%; the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder, the aluminum powder and the oxidant is 15:5:5: 75;
the preparation method of the pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing an oxidant and a reducing agent to prepare a powdery pyrotechnic agent; adding polyvinyl butyral into absolute ethyl alcohol and uniformly stirring to prepare a forming adhesive solution; mixing the powdery pyrotechnic agent and the forming adhesive solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5, mixing and uniformly stirring the mixture to form slurry, thus obtaining the pyrotechnic composition for the insensitive electric ignition head.
Example 2
The pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head consists of an oxidant, a reducing agent and a forming adhesive;
the reducing agent consists of magnesium powder, zirconium powder and aluminum powder; the oxidant is barium peroxide; the forming adhesive is an absolute ethyl alcohol solution of polyvinyl butyral, and the concentration of the forming adhesive is 3%; the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder, the aluminum powder and the oxidant is 15:7.5:7.5: 70;
the preparation method of the pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing an oxidant and a reducing agent to prepare a powdery pyrotechnic agent; adding polyvinyl butyral into absolute ethyl alcohol and uniformly stirring to prepare a forming adhesive solution; mixing the powdery pyrotechnic agent and the forming adhesive solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.8, mixing and uniformly stirring the mixture to form slurry, thus obtaining the novel pyrotechnic composition for the insensitive electric ignition head.
Example 3
The pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head consists of an oxidant, a reducing agent and a forming adhesive;
the reducing agent consists of magnesium powder, zirconium powder and aluminum powder; the oxidant is barium peroxide; the forming adhesive is an absolute ethyl alcohol solution of polyvinyl butyral, and the concentration of the forming adhesive is 1%; the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder, the aluminum powder and the oxidant is 15:10:10: 65;
a preparation method of a pyrotechnic agent for a insensitive electric ignition head comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing an oxidant and a reducing agent to prepare a powdery pyrotechnic agent; adding polyvinyl butyral into absolute ethyl alcohol and uniformly stirring to prepare a forming adhesive solution; mixing the powdery pyrotechnic agent and the forming adhesive solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.2, mixing and uniformly stirring the mixture into slurry to obtain the pyrotechnic composition for the insensitive electric ignition head.
Example 4
The pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head consists of an oxidant, a reducing agent and a forming adhesive;
the reducing agent consists of magnesium powder, zirconium powder and aluminum powder; the oxidant is barium peroxide; the forming adhesive is an absolute ethyl alcohol solution of polyvinyl butyral, and the concentration of the forming adhesive is 3%; the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder, the aluminum powder and the oxidant is 10:10:10: 70;
a preparation method of a pyrotechnic agent for a insensitive electric ignition head comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing an oxidant and a reducing agent to prepare a powdery pyrotechnic agent; adding polyvinyl butyral into absolute ethyl alcohol and uniformly stirring to prepare a forming adhesive solution; mixing the powdery pyrotechnic agent and the forming adhesive solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.8, mixing and uniformly stirring the mixture to form slurry, thus obtaining the pyrotechnic composition for the insensitive electric ignition head.
Comparative example
Equivalent proportion of Mg/TeO2The pyrotechnic compound was subjected to DSC and the results are shown in figure 2; as can be seen from fig. 2: equivalent proportion of Mg/TeO2The ignition point of the pyrotechnic agent is 465.1 ℃, and the heat generation amount per unit mass is 1.632 Kj/g. The ignition point and the heat generation per unit mass are both lower than those of the pyrotechnic composition of the present invention.
Examples of the applications
1. The thermal battery for a certain missile provides the requirement that the insensitive performance must reach 1A, 1W and 5min without firing and failure before the transfer shaping stage. In the initial design, the HgQT-35 sensitive electric ignition head is applied, the safety current of the electric ignition head can only meet 150mA, and the electric ignition head does not ignite and is not invalid in 5 min. The DH-07 type insensitive electric sparking tip manufactured by applying the pyrotechnic composition of example 1 well meets the insensitive performance requirements.
2. The unit battery size of the thermal battery for a certain missile is as follows: outer diameter
52, the maximum height is 236mm, and when the conventional RD-3 type blunt induction electric ignition head is used for designing, the height size after the optimized design reaches 237mm, which cannot meet the requirement. After the DH-07 type insensitive electric ignition head manufactured by applying the pyrotechnic composition of the embodiment 2 is applied, the height dimension is 235mm, and the design problem of the tension of the height dimension is solved.
Claims (8)
1. The pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head is characterized by consisting of a reducing agent, an oxidizing agent and a forming adhesive; the reducing agent consists of magnesium powder, zirconium powder and aluminum powder; the oxidant is barium peroxide; the adhesive is the anhydrous alcohol solution of polyvinyl aldehyde.
2. The pyrotechnic composition for a blunt-sense electric fire-head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder and the aluminum powder in the reducing agent is (10-15): (5-10): 5-10).
3. The pyrotechnic composition for a blunt-induction heating head as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder, the aluminum powder and the oxidant is (10-15): (5-10): (65-75).
4. The pyrotechnic composition for a blunt-sense electric fire-head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder and the aluminum powder to the oxidizer is 15:5:5: 75.
5. A pyrotechnic composition for a blunt-fire head as claimed in claim 1 wherein the molding adhesive is a polyvinyl butyral absolute ethanol solution.
6. The pyrotechnic composition for a blunt-sense electric fire-head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of the molding binder is 1% to 3%, i.e., 1g to 3g of polyvinyl butyral is added to 100ml of absolute ethanol.
7. A method of preparing a pyrotechnic composition for use in a blunt-sense electric fire head as claimed in claim 1 comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing an oxidant and a reducing agent to prepare a powdery pyrotechnic agent; adding polyvinyl butyral into absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly stirring to prepare an adhesive solution; and (3) uniformly mixing and stirring the powdery pyrotechnic agent and the forming adhesive solution to prepare slurry, thus obtaining the pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head.
8. The blunt point as defined in claim 1, which is made of a pyrotechnic composition and is applied to a thermal battery as an igniter of the thermal battery.
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| CN202010646421.7A CN111777475A (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2020-07-07 | Pyrotechnic agent for insensitive electric ignition head and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115772056A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-10 | 天津宏泰华凯科技有限公司 | Priming powder for electronic detonator, preparation method and application |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115772056A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-10 | 天津宏泰华凯科技有限公司 | Priming powder for electronic detonator, preparation method and application |
| CN115772056B (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-02-02 | 天津宏泰华凯科技有限公司 | Primer for electronic detonator, preparation method and application |
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Application publication date: 20201016 |