CN107068411A - 一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料及其制备方法。其技术方案是:将氧化石墨加入水中,超声分散,得到氧化石墨烯胶体。将硝酸锌和硫酸锰加入水中,搅拌,得到混合溶液。将混合溶液与氧化石墨烯胶体混合,得到混合悬浮液;再将混合悬浮液、氢氧化钠溶液与过氧化氢混合,搅拌,过滤,洗涤,得到氧化物复合材料;将氧化物复合材料分散于水中,得到悬浊液。将悬浊液和盐酸溶液混合,搅拌,过滤,洗涤,干燥,在惰性气体或空气中于150~500oC条件下保温0.5~24h,得到石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料。本发明所制备的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料具有均一的形貌和高的电化学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于氧化锰复合材料技术领域。具体涉及一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
石墨烯是碳原子紧密堆积的二维晶格结构的新型碳材料,厚度为0.34纳米,是构成其他维数碳材料的基本单元,按其层数可分为一层或多层石墨烯。石墨烯的理论研究已有80年历史,但真正能够独立存在的二维石墨烯是由2004年英国曼特斯特大学的Geim等利用胶带剥离高定向热解石墨获得。自从石墨烯被发现以来,由于其优良的导电性和高理论比表面积,已成为超级电容器、锂离子电池、锂硫电池等电极材料的研究热点。但石墨烯本身的比电容或比容量并不高,需要通过与其它材料如氧化锰、氧化钴和氧化镍复合来解决这一问题。通过直接混合法制备石墨烯/氧化锰(S. Chen et al., ACS Nano 2010,4,2822; Z.-S. Wu et al., ACS Nano 2010,4, 5835;J Zhang et al., J Phys Chem C2011, 115, 6448)已有报道。但直接混合法容易导致所制备的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料中的石墨烯和氧化锰团聚,不利于在石墨烯上负载高分散的氧化锰,降低了石墨烯和氧化锰的比表面积进而降低了石墨烯/氧化锰复合材料的电化学性能。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术缺陷,目的是提供一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料的制备方法,用该方法制备的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料电化学性能高。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案的步骤是:
步骤一、按照水∶氧化石墨的质量比为(200~10000)∶1,将所述氧化石墨加入本步骤所述水中,超声分散1~24小时,得到氧化石墨烯胶体。
步骤二、按照水∶锌盐∶锰盐的物质的量比为(700~70000)∶(1~10)∶1,将所述硝酸锌和所述硫酸锰加入本步骤所述水中,搅拌,得到混合溶液。
步骤三、按照所述混合溶液∶所述氧化石墨烯胶体的体积比为(0.04~200)∶1,将所述混合溶液与所述氧化石墨烯胶体混合,得到混合悬浮液。
步骤四、按所述混合悬浮液∶氢氧化钠溶液∶过氧化氢溶液的体积比为(0.02~500)∶1∶(0~30),将所述混合悬浮液、所述氢氧化钠溶液与所述过氧化氢混合,搅拌0.5~3h,过滤,洗涤,得到氧化物复合材料;将所述氧化物复合材料分散在水中,得到锰浓度为0.001~0.03mol/L的悬浊液。
所述氢氧化钠溶液的浓度为0.01~10 mol/L;
所述过氧化氢溶液的浓度为10~30wt%。
步骤五、按所述悬浊液∶盐酸溶液的体积比为(0.02~2000)∶1,将所述悬浊液和所述盐酸溶液混合,搅拌0.5~4h,过滤,洗涤,干燥,然后在惰性气体或空气中于150~500oC条件下保温0.5~24h,得到石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料。
所述盐酸溶液的浓度为0.01~12mol/L。
所述锰盐为氯化锰、硝酸锰、醋酸锰和硫酸锰中的一种。
所述锌盐为氯化锌、硫酸锌、醋酸锌和硝酸锌中的一种。
由于采用上述技术方案,本发明具有如下积极效果:
本发明利用随后牺牲的共沉淀氧化锌将纳米氧化锰颗粒高分散负载在石墨烯上,所制备的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料如图1所示,图l为本发明制备的一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料的透射电镜图片。从图1中可以观察到氧化锰的形貌为纳米颗粒,比氧化锰纳米线和纳米片具有更大的比表面积,其直径约为10nm,石墨烯边缘层数呈现2层。所制备的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料具有较高的电化学性能,以硫酸钠为电解质,含有70%氧化锰的复合材料的比电容在1A/g的电流下高达180F/g。
因此,本发明所制备的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料具有均一的形貌和高的电化学性能;其中,氧化锰呈现纳米颗粒,比氧化锰纳米线和纳米片具有大的比表面积。
附图说明
图1是本发明制备的一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料的透射电镜图片。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,对本发明作进一步的描述,并非对其保护范围的限制。
本具体实施方式中:
所述氢氧化钠溶液的浓度为0.01~10 mol/L;
所述过氧化氢溶液的浓度为10~30wt%。
所述盐酸溶液的浓度为0.01~12mol/L。
实施例中不再赘述。
实施例1
一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料及其制备方法。本实施例的技术方案的步骤是:
步骤一、按照水∶氧化石墨的质量比为(200~2000)∶1,将所述氧化石墨加入本步骤所述水中,超声分散1~24小时,得到氧化石墨烯胶体。
步骤二、按照水∶锌盐∶锰盐的物质的量比为(700~1000)∶(1~2)∶1,将所述硝酸锌和所述硫酸锰加入本步骤所述水中,搅拌,得到混合溶液。
步骤三、按照所述混合溶液∶所述氧化石墨烯胶体的体积比为(0.04~0.4)∶1,将所述混合溶液与所述氧化石墨烯胶体混合,得到混合悬浮液。
步骤四、按所述混合悬浮液∶氢氧化钠溶液的体积比为(0.02~1)∶1,将所述混合悬浮液与所述氢氧化钠溶液混合,搅拌0.5~3h,过滤,洗涤,得到氧化物复合材料;将所述氧化物复合材料分散在水中,得到锰浓度为0.001~0.003mol/L的悬浊液。
步骤五、按所述悬浊液∶盐酸溶液的体积比为(0.02~1)∶1,将所述悬浊液和所述盐酸溶液混合,搅拌0.5~4h,过滤,洗涤,干燥,然后在惰性气体或空气中于150~200oC条件下保温0.5~1h,得到石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料。
所述锰盐为氯化锰。
所述锌盐为氯化锌。
实施例2
一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料及其制备方法。本实施例的技术方案的步骤是:
步骤一、按照水∶氧化石墨的质量比为(2000~4000)∶1,将所述氧化石墨加入本步骤所述水中,超声分散1~24小时,得到氧化石墨烯胶体。
步骤二、按照水∶锌盐∶锰盐的物质的量比为(1000~10000)∶(2~4)∶1,将所述硝酸锌和所述硫酸锰加入本步骤所述水中,搅拌,得到混合溶液。
步骤三、按照所述混合溶液∶所述氧化石墨烯胶体的体积比为(0.4~1)∶1,将所述混合溶液与所述氧化石墨烯胶体混合,得到混合悬浮液。
步骤四、按所述混合悬浮液∶氢氧化钠溶液∶过氧化氢溶液的体积比为(1~10)∶1∶(0.1~5),将所述混合悬浮液、所述氢氧化钠溶液与所述过氧化氢混合,搅拌0.5~3h,过滤,洗涤,得到氧化物复合材料;将所述氧化物复合材料分散在水中,得到锰浓度为0.003~0.006mol/L的悬浊液。
步骤五、按所述悬浊液∶盐酸溶液的体积比为(1~10)∶1,将所述悬浊液和所述盐酸溶液混合,搅拌0.5~4h,过滤,洗涤,干燥,然后在惰性气体或空气中于200~300oC条件下保温1~5h,得到石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料。
所述锰盐为硝酸锰。
所述锌盐为硫酸锌。
实施例3
一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料及其制备方法。本实施例的技术方案的步骤是:
步骤一、按照水∶氧化石墨的质量比为(4000~5000)∶1,将所述氧化石墨加入本步骤所述水中,超声分散1~24小时,得到氧化石墨烯胶体。
步骤二、按照水∶锌盐∶锰盐的物质的量比为(10000~40000)∶(4~6)∶1,将所述硝酸锌和所述硫酸锰加入本步骤所述水中,搅拌,得到混合溶液。
步骤三、按照所述混合溶液∶所述氧化石墨烯胶体的体积比为(1~50)∶1,将所述混合溶液与所述氧化石墨烯胶体混合,得到混合悬浮液。
步骤四、按所述混合悬浮液∶氢氧化钠溶液∶过氧化氢溶液的体积比为(10~100)∶1∶(5~10),将所述混合悬浮液、所述氢氧化钠溶液与所述过氧化氢混合,搅拌0.5~3h,过滤,洗涤,得到氧化物复合材料;将所述氧化物复合材料分散在水中,得到锰浓度为0.006~0.01mol/L的悬浊液。
步骤五、按所述悬浊液∶盐酸溶液的体积比为(10~500)∶1,将所述悬浊液和所述盐酸溶液混合,搅拌0.5~4h,过滤,洗涤,干燥,然后在惰性气体或空气中于300~400oC条件下保温5~10h,得到石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料。
所述锰盐为醋酸锰。
所述锌盐为醋酸锌。
实施例4
一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料及其制备方法。本实施例的技术方案的步骤是:
步骤一、按照水∶氧化石墨的质量比为(5000~10000)∶1,将所述氧化石墨加入本步骤所述水中,超声分散1~24小时,得到氧化石墨烯胶体。
步骤二、按照水∶锌盐∶锰盐的物质的量比为(40000~70000)∶(6~10)∶1,将所述硝酸锌和所述硫酸锰加入本步骤所述水中,搅拌,得到混合溶液。
步骤三、按照所述混合溶液∶所述氧化石墨烯胶体的体积比为(50~200)∶1,将所述混合溶液与所述氧化石墨烯胶体混合,得到混合悬浮液。
步骤四、按所述混合悬浮液∶氢氧化钠溶液∶过氧化氢溶液的体积比为(100~500)∶1∶(10~30),将所述混合悬浮液、所述氢氧化钠溶液与所述过氧化氢混合,搅拌0.5~3h,过滤,洗涤,得到氧化物复合材料;将所述氧化物复合材料分散在水中,得到锰浓度为0.01~0.03mol/L的悬浊液。
步骤五、按所述悬浊液∶盐酸溶液的体积比为(500~2000)∶1,将所述悬浊液和所述盐酸溶液混合,搅拌0.5~4h,过滤,洗涤,干燥,然后在惰性气体或空气中于400~500oC条件下保温10~24h,得到石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料。
所述锰盐为硫酸锰。
所述锌盐为硝酸锌。
由于采用上述技术方案,本发明具有如下积极效果:
本发明利用随后牺牲的共沉淀氧化锌将纳米氧化锰颗粒高分散负载在石墨烯上,所制备的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料如图1所示,图l为本发明制备的一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料的透射电镜图片。从图1中可以观察到氧化锰的形貌为纳米颗粒,比氧化锰纳米线和纳米片具有更大的比表面积,其直径约为10nm,石墨烯边缘层数呈现2层。所制备的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料具有较高的电化学性能,以硫酸钠为电解质,含有70%氧化锰的复合材料的比电容在1A/g的电流下高达180F/g。
因此,本发明所制备的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料具有均一的形貌和高的电化学性能;其中,氧化锰呈现纳米颗粒,比氧化锰纳米线和纳米片具有大的比表面积。
Claims (4)
1.一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于所述制备方法的步骤是:
步骤一、按照水∶氧化石墨的质量比为(200~10000)∶1,将所述氧化石墨加入本步骤所述水中,超声分散1~24小时,得到氧化石墨烯胶体;
步骤二、按照水∶锌盐∶锰盐的物质的量比为(700~70000)∶(1~10)∶1,将所述硝酸锌和所述硫酸锰加入本步骤所述水中,搅拌,得到混合溶液;
步骤三、按照所述混合溶液∶所述氧化石墨烯胶体的体积比为(0.04~200)∶1,将所述混合溶液与所述氧化石墨烯胶体混合,得到混合悬浮液;
步骤四、按所述混合悬浮液∶氢氧化钠溶液∶过氧化氢溶液的体积比为(0.02~500)∶1∶(0~30),将所述混合悬浮液、所述氢氧化钠溶液与所述过氧化氢混合,搅拌0.5~3h,过滤,洗涤,得到氧化物复合材料;将所述氧化物复合材料分散在水中,得到锰浓度为0.001~0.03mol/L的悬浊液;
所述氢氧化钠溶液的浓度为0.01~10 mol/L;
所述过氧化氢溶液的浓度为10~30wt%;
步骤五、按所述悬浊液∶盐酸溶液的体积比为(0.02~2000)∶1,将所述悬浊液和所述盐酸溶液混合,搅拌0.5~4h,过滤,洗涤,干燥,然后在惰性气体或空气中于150~500oC条件下保温0.5~24h,得到石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料;
所述盐酸溶液的浓度为0.01~12mol/L。
2.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料及其制备方法,其特征在于所述锰盐为氯化锰、硝酸锰、醋酸锰和硫酸锰中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料及其制备方法,其特征在于所述锌盐为氯化锌、硫酸锌、醋酸锌和硝酸锌中的一种。
4.一种石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料,其特征在于所述石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料是根据权利要求1~3项中任一项所述的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料的制备方法所制备的石墨烯负载氧化锰复合材料。
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