CN107063179A - A kind of movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means - Google Patents
A kind of movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means Download PDFInfo
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- CN107063179A CN107063179A CN201710286308.0A CN201710286308A CN107063179A CN 107063179 A CN107063179 A CN 107063179A CN 201710286308 A CN201710286308 A CN 201710286308A CN 107063179 A CN107063179 A CN 107063179A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C7/00—Tracing profiles
- G01C7/06—Tracing profiles of cavities, e.g. tunnels
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means, described device includes：Removable module, for realizing movement of the device in tunnel；Information acquisition module, is installed on removable module when using, for gathering the shape information of tunnel cross-section and the mileage location information of removable module；Message processing module, is installed on removable module when using and is connected with information acquisition module, and the result for being gathered according to information module judges the position that whether tunnel cross-section deforms upon and deformation occurs.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that deformation detection is accurate, detection error is small, be easily installed transport and save cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of civil engineering, detect and fill more particularly, to a kind of movable tunnel cross section deformation
Put.
Background technology
At present, urban rail transit in China is quickly grown, and subway has been opened in existing more than ten of city, and subway turns into citizen
The important way of trip, ensures that subway circulation safety responsibility is great.
Safety problem during shield tunnel construction and metro operation is mainly manifested in the following aspects：Crouched under tunnel soft
Soil layer softens under Long-term Vibration load action causes sedimentation；Tunnel adjacent building construction activities cause tunnel deformation；Interval tunnel
Sleeping soil layer soil erosion damaging property linear deformation under road；When tunnel is by different soil property situations area, soil body physics
Matter difference causes tunnel structure to produce differential settlement under action of long-term load；Shield Tunnel in Soft Soil differential settlement causes pipe
Piece seam is opened, subgrade of metro and section of jurisdiction are peeled off and ftractureed, and portion percolating water occurs, emits mud and local failure, influences tunnel
Normal use and metro operation.
The monitoring technology to the constructing tunnel stage domestic at present comparative maturity, but the monitoring weight during runing tunnel
Visual range degree is far from enough.In fact, operation stage is because time span is big, influence factor is complicated, disaster social influence big, tunnel
Health monitoring should more be paid attention to.Tunnel health monitoring includes tunnel structure corrosion monitoring, structural deformation monitoring, structural internal force measure
With ambient conditions monitoring, wherein especially structural deformation monitoring is extremely important, its Contents for Monitoring be mainly tunnel vertical sedimentation,
Horizontal displacement and the convergent deformation of section.
For the detection of the convergent deformation of tunnel cross-section, current existing several method includes artificial section survey, three-dimensional
Laser scanning and Tunnel testing dolly, not only precision is low but also the cost time is long for artificial detection, and although 3 D laser scanning reaches
High-acruracy survey but instrument price is prohibitively expensive, and the data measured can not be shown in real time, Tunnel testing dolly adopts at present
It is external Amberg GRP5000 dollies, this dolly is not only expensive, and is mainly inside to tunnel cross-section
Situations such as crack and infiltration, is detected, and the deformation condition of tunnel cross-section can not be detected.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means regarding to the issue above.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means, described device includes：
Removable module, for realizing movement of the device in tunnel；
Information acquisition module, is installed on removable module when using, for gather tunnel cross-section shape information and can
The mileage location information of mobile module；
Message processing module, is installed on removable module when using and is connected with information acquisition module, for according to letter
The result of breath module collection judges the position that whether tunnel cross-section deforms upon and deformation occurs.
Described information acquisition module includes：
Tunnel-shaped acquisition component, is connected with message processing module, the shape for gathering tunnel by scanning-tunnelling section
Shape information；
Mileage locating information acquisition component, is connected with removable module and message processing module respectively, for that will may move
The walking mileage of module is uploaded in host computer.
The tunnel-shaped acquisition component includes：
Laser scanner, for scanning-tunnelling section shape and obtain the tunnel-shaped scanning element of low accuracy；
Laser range finder, the tunnel-shaped scanning element for obtaining pinpoint accuracy by laser ranging.
The quantity of the laser range finder is 3~5.
The mileage locating information acquisition component includes：
Laser encoder, is fixed on removable module, for the mileage location information of removable module to be converted into electricity
Pressure pulse is uploaded in message processing module；
Video camera, is installed on removable module when using, for by the way that the tunnel picture of shooting is uploaded into host computer
In, realize the error correction of the walking mileage to removable module.
Described information processing module includes：
Scanning information calculating sub module, it is disconnected to tunnel for the shape information in the tunnel gathered according to information acquisition module
The shape in face carries out ellipse fitting, obtains the SECTION EQUATION of tunnel cross-section；
Deformation detection submodule, the section side for calculating obtained tunnel cross-section according to scanning information calculating sub module
Journey, is compared with historical data, and the tunnel cross-section that data change value exceedes threshold value is recorded as into deformation section；
Mileage location information record sub module, for the mileage positioning of the removable module gathered according to information acquisition module
Information, calculates the walking mileage of removable module.
Described information processing module also includes data preparation submodule, for recording deformation section and corresponding deformation position
Put, and alarmed when occurring serious deformation to user.
The removable module includes：
Vehicle frame, for the support base as removable module；
Movable pulley, is installed on bottom of frame, the movement for realizing vehicle frame；
Whereabouts component, is fixed on vehicle frame, for controlling vehicle frame to move or stopping；
Fixation kit, is fixed on vehicle frame, for fix information acquisition module and message processing module when in use.
The whereabouts component includes：
Handle, is fixed on vehicle frame and is connected with movable pulley, for making vehicle frame move and controlling the direction of travel of vehicle frame；
Hand-operated brake, is fixed on vehicle frame and is connected with movable pulley, for being stopped according to the operational control vehicle frame of user
It is mobile；
Position brake, is fixed on vehicle frame and is connected respectively with movable pulley and message processing module, at according to information
The control signal control vehicle frame for managing module stops movement.
The vehicle frame is flexible vehicle frame.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) information acquisition module is driven to be moved in tunnel by removable module, the shape information to tunnel cross-section is entered
Row collection, and the shape information collected is subjected to form fit using message processing module, obtain the tool of current tunnel section
Shape, be compared with the history shape that is stored in message processing module, can find that tunnel cross-section deformation is big in time
Region simultaneously reminds staff to note, the deformation that this device not only can be accurately to tunnel cross-section is detected, while
With real-time, the big part of deformation in tunnel cross-section can be found in the walking process of pushing meanss, is easy to discovery in time
Problem is simultaneously handled.
(2) information acquisition module is in addition to tunnel-shaped acquisition component, in addition to mileage locating information acquisition component, you can
With the walking mileage of determining device, the tunnel cross-section shape that can thus obtain scanning is corresponded with position, just
It is compared in by current tunnel section configuration with the historical data under same position, is easy to management and the statistics of data.
(3) tunnel-shaped acquisition component includes laser scanner and laser range finder, and laser scanner can obtain low essence
The tunnel-shaped scanning element of exactness, laser range finder is then the tunnel-shaped scanning element for obtaining pinpoint accuracy, and the two is combined leads to again
The analysis for crossing message processing module is calculated, you can is obtained the higher tunnel cross-section shape of accuracy, is improved for shape changing detection
Levels of precision.
(4) quantity of laser range finder is 3~5, and less than 3, the tunnel-shaped scanning element of pinpoint accuracy is very few, it is impossible to
Accurate to recover tunnel-shaped, more than 5, the space that laser range finder takes device is excessive, is on the one hand not easy to install another
Aspect also increases financial cost, therefore the quantity of laser range finder positions 3~5.
(5) mileage locating information acquisition component includes laser encoder and video camera, and laser encoder can be determined substantially
The walking mileage of device, while the tunnel picture shot by video camera, tunnel circumferential weld can be identified, is accurately obtained and works as
The ring number and device that preceding device is passed through are apart from the distance between circumferential weld, and the original position of determining device simultaneously eliminates the accumulative mistake in longitudinal direction
Difference so that positioning is more accurate.
(6) scanning information calculating sub module, can be more accurate by carrying out ellipse fitting according to the scanning element of collection
The shape of current tunnel section is fitted, and the comparison of current shape and history shape is realized by deformation detection submodule, really
Shape Varied section, determines the tapered particular location of shape finally according to mileage location information record sub module, passes through matching somebody with somebody for three
Close, accurately obtain deformation position, detection accuracy is high.
(7) message processing module also includes data preparation submodule, is easy to user to be counted to deformation position and to going through
The inquiry of history data, while when occurring serious deformation, message processing module can issue the user with warning, reminds user couple in time
Deformation is handled.
(8) removable module is controlled by whereabouts component, is easy to the stopping movement when finding serious deformation to make staff
Investigated, practical performance is strong.
(9) whereabouts component also both is provided with position brake provided with hand-operated brake, and hand-operated brake is easy to staff to enter device
Row control, position brake is that the control signal when occurring serious deformation automatically according to message processing module is braked, it is to avoid
Staff forgets situation to being checked at serious deformation because of carelessness, and security performance is high.
(10) vehicle frame is flexible vehicle frame, is readily transported and preserves, and shortens vehicle frame in the not used time and deposits, when in use basis
Demand extends vehicle frame, using flexible.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is subway tunnel section detecting system laser scanning schematic diagram；
Wherein, 1 is laser scanner, and 2 be message processing module, and 3 be handle, and 4 be laser range finder, and 5 be laser code
Device.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
A kind of movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means is provided in the present embodiment, including：Removable module, is used for
Realize movement of the device in tunnel；Information acquisition module, is installed on removable module when using, for gathering tunnel cross-section
Shape information and removable module mileage location information；Message processing module 2, is installed on removable module simultaneously when using
It is connected with information acquisition module, the result for being gathered according to information module judges whether tunnel cross-section deforms upon and deformation
The position of generation.
Wherein, information acquisition module includes：Tunnel-shaped acquisition component, is connected with message processing module 2, for by sweeping
Retouch the shape information that tunnel cross-section gathers tunnel；Mileage locating information acquisition component, respectively with removable module and information processing
Module 2 is connected, for the walking mileage of removable module to be uploaded in host computer.Tunnel-shaped acquisition component includes：Laser
Scanner 1, for scanning-tunnelling section shape and obtain the tunnel-shaped scanning element of low accuracy；Laser range finder 4, is used for
The tunnel-shaped scanning element of pinpoint accuracy is obtained by laser ranging.The quantity of laser range finder 4 is 3~5.Mileage positioning letter
Breath acquisition component includes：Laser encoder 5, is fixed on removable module, for by the mileage location information of removable module
Voltage pulse is converted into be uploaded in message processing module 2；Video camera, is installed on removable module when using, for passing through
The tunnel picture of shooting is uploaded in host computer, the error correction of the walking mileage to removable module is realized.Information processing
Module 2 includes：Scanning information calculating sub module, for the shape information in the tunnel gathered according to information acquisition module, to tunnel
The shape of section carries out ellipse fitting, obtains the SECTION EQUATION of tunnel cross-section；Deformation detection submodule, for according to scanning information
Calculating sub module calculates the SECTION EQUATION of obtained tunnel cross-section, is compared with historical data, and data change value is exceeded into threshold
The tunnel cross-section of value is recorded as deformation section；Mileage location information record sub module, for what is gathered according to information acquisition module
The mileage location information of removable module, calculates the walking mileage of removable module.Message processing module 2 also includes data preparation
Submodule, alarms for recording deformation section and corresponding deformation position, and when occurring serious deformation to user.Removable dynamic model
Block includes：Vehicle frame, for the support base as removable module；Movable pulley, is installed on bottom of frame, for realizing vehicle frame
It is mobile；Whereabouts component, is fixed on vehicle frame, for controlling vehicle frame to move or stopping；Fixation kit, is fixed on vehicle frame, is used for
Fix information acquisition module and message processing module 2 when in use.Whereabouts component includes：Handle 3, be fixed on vehicle frame and with shifting
Driving wheel is connected, for making vehicle frame move and controlling the direction of travel of vehicle frame；Hand-operated brake, is fixed on vehicle frame and connects with movable pulley
Connect, for being stopped moving according to the operational control vehicle frame of user；Position brake, be fixed on vehicle frame and respectively with movable pulley and
Message processing module 2 is connected, for controlling vehicle frame to stop moving according to the control signal of message processing module 2.
According to foregoing description, the specific movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means of design is as shown in figure 1, from figure
As can be seen that the agent structure of the device is a railcar that can be walked in orbit, it is applied to 1435mm standard gauges
Away from rail on, internal memory auxiliary steamboat can be in -6~+15mm adjust automaticallies, it is ensured that vehicle is close to track.There is foot in railcar
Enough space simultaneously rationally place three laser distance sensors, a laser scanner 1, a measuring wheel, a high-definition camera
Machine, a hand push handle, a notebook computer, a battery, these equipment at the scene can Fast Installation, railcar fortune
The convenient transport of reduction volume can be shunk in defeated way, is recovered again to erecting bed.
The measurement range of laser range finder 4：0.1m to 100m, one red laser aiming point due to sensor configuration,
This makes it possible to easily find measured target.The surface that the measurement effect of sensor depends on measured target object is reflected
Rate, form and material etc..Sensor is based on phase difference method measuring principle.The high frequency modulated illumination that sensor is sent is mapped to tested mesh
Diffusing reflection is formed after mark, and certain skew will occur for the phase of reflected light.The phase of reflected light and reference light source are compared
Relatively it is assured that the distance between sensor and measured target.This measuring method can reach grade measurement accuracy.
Laser scanner 1 is added newest many using ripe laser-time flight theory, non-contact detection
Secondary echo detecting technology (twice return) so that even if also accurately measuring in the presence of a harsh environment.The inside of laser scanner 1 is provided with
Inclinometer, for the angle value for obtaining obtaining needed for system equipment is installed.It is to sweep two 190 ° of laser when in general using
Retouch the tunnel overall profile figure that instrument 1 is spliced into 360 °.
The voltage pulse that laser encoder 5 is exported by sensor, calculates distance travelled, so as to obtain test position
Mileage, because laser encoder 5 can only obtain the range data of vehicle to run, it is impossible to be accurately positioned, in the process of moving
There is nearly 5 ‰ error, so adding graph processing technique, captured in real-time is carried out to tunnel-side using a video camera, simultaneously
In order to ensure photographic quality, it is necessary to be equipped with illuminating lamp.Software carries out circumferential weld identification to the photo photographed, is accurately obtained current inspection
The ring number and railcar that measuring car is passed through apart from circumferential weld spacing, it is determined that detection car original position and eliminate longitudinal direction accumulation miss
Difference.In combination with the data of laser encoder 5, the profile data with regard to that can accomplish to be accurately positioned each tunnel ring.Notebook computer
For controlling to select continuously work more than 7 hours in all the sensors, data acquisition, processing and display, the present embodiment
Notebook computer.
The operation principle of the device is as follows：
It is using the central shaft of track as baseline, and instrument is installed on vehicle frame, if being done using section in continuous scanning-tunnelling
Positional information, determined from the angle and distance information measured target point relative to tunnel track axis center away from
From.Calculated by the computer on vehicle frame, the positional information for having the section point that laser range finder 4 measures can be calculated as sitting
Scale value.This is due to that the positional information that laser range finder 4 is measured is that the relative position information with laser range finder 4 is put in tunnel,
And laser range finder 4 and the relative position for detecting car are constant, then point can relative to the relative position of tunnel track in tunnel
Obtained with converting, finally calculate and obtain coordinate value, so as to complete the quick detection to subway tunnel section.
This scan mode has speed fast, and structure design is simpler, the features such as scanning range is substantially unrestricted, and
Scanning accuracy is high, is easily controlled.Section dynamic detection system uses laser scanner 1, is directly mounted at Tunnel testing car
On, data measured can obtain cross dimensions after fitting, and with reference to vehicle speed measuring alignment system, profileometry data is based on
Time and the corresponding record of mileage, by statistical analysis cross dimensions and its deformation tendency, realize the state to full section of tunnel
Monitoring.
Subway tunnel section detecting system laser scanning schematic diagram is as illustrated in fig. 2, it is assumed that the installation site of laser scanner 1 is
The origin of coordinates (0,0) of the measuring system, it is (x to measure obtained tunnel contour coordinaten, yn).Laser range finder 4 is in detection car
Installation site coordinate be (a1, b1)；(a2, b2)；(a3, b3).This Shu Jiguang ranging is L1 as shown in the figure；L2；L3, measurement
Angle is α；90°；β, you can calculate the coordinate (x1, y1) of detection corresponding points；(x2, y2)；(x3, y3) is：
X1=-L cos α+a1
Y1=L sin α+b1
Three laser range finders 4 installed in the present embodiment all obtain the coordinate value of measuring point with above formula.Obtain coordinate
By ellipse fitting algorithm after value, the SECTION EQUATION of tunnel cross-section can be obtained.Vertically and horizontally convergence prison is tried to achieve by equation
The data of measuring point, then obtained data and historical data are compared, you can judge whether tunnel cross-section deforms upon.
Understand that the occupation mode of the movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means is as follows based on above-mentioned principle：Device is put
After upper underground railway track, information acquisition module in Fast Installation connects associated cable, then booting computer, confirms the time of detection.
Device is travelled to section original position to be detected, measurement position in fact is calibrated using image processing techniques.Software control starts
Laser range finder 4, detection car is continuously driven to the non-position of detector segments, completes interval profile scanning, and detection data are being run over
Show and exist in computer data in real time in journey.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means, it is characterised in that described device includes：
Removable module, for realizing movement of the device in tunnel；
Information acquisition module, is installed on removable module when using, for gathering the shape information of tunnel cross-section and may move
The mileage location information of module；
Message processing module, is installed on removable module when using and is connected with information acquisition module, for according to information mould
The result of block collection judges the position that whether tunnel cross-section deforms upon and deformation occurs.
2. movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described information is gathered
Module includes：
Tunnel-shaped acquisition component, is connected with message processing module, and the shape for gathering tunnel by scanning-tunnelling section is believed
Breath；
Mileage locating information acquisition component, is connected with removable module and message processing module respectively, for by removable module
Walking mileage be uploaded in host computer.
3. movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the tunnel-shaped
Acquisition component includes：
Laser scanner, for scanning-tunnelling section shape and obtain the tunnel-shaped scanning element of low accuracy；
Laser range finder, the tunnel-shaped scanning element for obtaining pinpoint accuracy by laser ranging.
4. movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the laser ranging
The quantity of instrument is 3~5.
5. movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the mileage positioning
Information gathering component includes：
Laser encoder, is fixed on removable module, for the mileage location information of removable module to be converted into voltage arteries and veins
Rush to and reach in message processing module；
Video camera, is installed on removable module when using, real for by the way that the tunnel picture of shooting is uploaded in host computer
Now to removable module walking mileage error correction.
6. movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described information processing
Module includes：
Scanning information calculating sub module, for the shape information in the tunnel gathered according to information acquisition module, to tunnel cross-section
Shape carries out ellipse fitting, obtains the SECTION EQUATION of tunnel cross-section；
Deformation detection submodule, the SECTION EQUATION for calculating obtained tunnel cross-section according to scanning information calculating sub module, with
Historical data is compared, and the tunnel cross-section that data change value exceedes threshold value is recorded as into deformation section；
Mileage location information record sub module, the mileage of the removable module for being gathered according to information acquisition module positions letter
Breath, calculates the walking mileage of removable module.
7. movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described information processing
Module also includes data preparation submodule, for recording deformation section and corresponding deformation position, and when occurring serious deformation
Alarmed to user.
8. movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the removable dynamic model
Block includes：
Vehicle frame, for the support base as removable module；
Movable pulley, is installed on bottom of frame, the movement for realizing vehicle frame；
Whereabouts component, is fixed on vehicle frame, for controlling vehicle frame to move or stopping；
Fixation kit, is fixed on vehicle frame, for fix information acquisition module and message processing module when in use.
9. movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the whereabouts component
Including：
Handle, is fixed on vehicle frame and is connected with movable pulley, for making vehicle frame move and controlling the direction of travel of vehicle frame；
Hand-operated brake, is fixed on vehicle frame and is connected with movable pulley, for being stopped moving according to the operational control vehicle frame of user；
Position brake, is fixed on vehicle frame and is connected respectively with movable pulley and message processing module, for according to information processing mould
The control signal control vehicle frame of block stops movement.
10. movable tunnel cross section deformation detection means according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the vehicle frame is
Flexible vehicle frame.
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| CN108917638B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2024-09-10 | 浙江科技学院 | On-vehicle measuring device of three-dimensional deformation monitoring of subway tunnel based on benchmark transmission |
| CN109341573A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-15 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | A kind of tunnel-liner profile Clearance Detection |
| CN109489623A (en) * | 2018-11-24 | 2019-03-19 | 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | A method of using three-dimensional laser scanner measurement bridge approach differential settlement |
| CN109489623B (en) * | 2018-11-24 | 2021-05-11 | 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | Method for measuring uneven settlement of approach at bridge head by adopting three-dimensional laser scanner |
| CN109736894A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-05-10 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of monitoring system, monitoring method and method for early warning for coal mine roadway country rock disaster |
| CN110081857B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2024-04-12 | 长安大学 | Ground surface real-time monitoring system and monitoring method for shield construction tunnel |
| CN110081857A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-02 | 长安大学 | A kind of earth's surface real-time monitoring system and monitoring method for shield-tunneling construction tunnel |
| CN110514133A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-11-29 | 西南石油大学 | It is a kind of based on photogrammetric unmanned plane tunnel deformation detection method |
| CN110849325A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-28 | 栗新然 | Movable tunnel section deformation detection device |
| CN111693023A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-22 | 松辽水利委员会流域规划与政策研究中心 | Large-span river cross section measuring device |
| CN112781547A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 北京金日恒升科技有限公司 | Method for determining installation baseline of tunnel media system |
| CN113074694A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-06 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Automatic monitoring device for tunnel section deformation |
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