CN107060923A - Space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system and control strategy - Google Patents
Space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system and control strategy Download PDFInfo
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- CN107060923A CN107060923A CN201710130054.3A CN201710130054A CN107060923A CN 107060923 A CN107060923 A CN 107060923A CN 201710130054 A CN201710130054 A CN 201710130054A CN 107060923 A CN107060923 A CN 107060923A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/06—Returning energy of steam, in exchanged form, to process, e.g. use of exhaust steam for drying solid fuel or plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
- F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
- F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
- F01C1/344—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
- F01C1/3441—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C20/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system and control strategy, mainly it is made up of variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem, space backheat subsystem and control unit；The system introduce variable expansion than vane rotary expanders, the expansion ratio of vane rotary expanders is adjusted by expansion ratio regulator, the HTHP organic working medium under variable working condition state is set can fully to be expanded in vane rotary expanders, Maximum Power Output；The recovery to weary gas heat energy is realized by introducing space heat exchanger, the weary gas of vane rotary expanders discharge and the cold working medium of process the condenser abundant contact heat-exchanging in the regenerator of space, weary out of breath dodge is condensed and liquefied, and weary gas heat energy is at utmost reclaimed so as to realize；System architecture of the present invention is simple, can largely lift the organic efficiency of Vehicular internal combustion engine complementary energy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Vehicular internal combustion engine exhaust energy recovery technology field, and in particular to a kind of space backheat of exploitation is organic
Rankine cycle complementary energy recovery system and control strategy.
Background technology
As fossil energy is constantly consumed, energy crisis is on the rise, and domestic and foreign scholars have been started with energy-efficient, low
For the purpose of pollution, using waste heat recovery recycling as the research boom of approach.The Vehicular internal combustion engine thermal efficiency is relatively low, wherein most heat
Amount is exhaled by modes such as vehicle exhaust, cooling water of internal combustion engine.And it is directed to the recycling of Vehicular internal combustion engine waste heat from tail gas
Research for energy-saving and emission-reduction, this worldwide great demand is significant.
Organic Rankine bottoming cycle is with its simple in construction, safe, technology maturation and for the low product such as Vehicular internal combustion engine tail gas
The advantages of matter energy recovery efficiency is higher turns into the primary study object of energy-saving field.
The HTHP discharged in traditional organic Rankine bottoming cycle from evaporator crosses hot working fluid can not be in expanding machine fully
Expansion, causes also there is substantial amounts of heat energy from the weary gas of organic working medium that expanding machine is discharged, the utilization to weary gas heat energy is more at this stage
The modes such as reheat vapor cycle, extraction cycle are embodied in, but these modes are all, using heat exchanger as main heat exchange mode, to reclaim weary gas heat
Can be less efficient.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system and control strategy, this is
System introduce variable expansion than vane rotary expanders, pass through expansion ratio regulator adjust vane rotary expanders expansion
Than making the HTHP organic working medium under variable working condition state can fully be expanded in vane rotary expanders, output is maximum
Power；The recovery to weary gas heat energy, the weary gas and warp of vane rotary expanders discharge are realized by introducing space heat exchanger
Cross the cold working medium of the condenser abundant contact heat-exchanging in the regenerator of space, it is weary it is out of breath dodge condensation and liquefy, so as to realize to weary gas
Heat energy is at utmost reclaimed；System architecture of the present invention is simple, can largely lift returning for Vehicular internal combustion engine complementary energy
Produce effects rate.
The present invention is made up of control unit 28, variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem I, space backheat subsystem II；Its
In, control unit 28 is connected with variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem I, space backheat subsystem II respectively；Variable expansion ratio
Variable frequency pump 1 in heat to power output subsystem I respectively with the pressure-regulating valve 13 in space backheat subsystem II, space regenerator 19
Connected with working medium tank Outlet check valves 27；Variable expansion is than the vane rotary expanders 8 in hot merit conversion subsystem I and space
The weary gas blowout emitter 22 of space regenerator in backheat subsystem II is connected.
Variable expansion is than hot merit conversion subsystem I by variable frequency pump 1, evaporator working medium flow control valve 2, temperature pressure sensing
Device I 3, evaporator 4, temperature and pressure transmitter II 5, vane rotary expanders working medium flow control valve 6, temperature and pressure transmitter
III 7, vane rotary expanders 8, expansion ratio regulator 9, the exhaust pipe of engine 10, combination sensor I 11, combination sensor II
12 compositions；Wherein, variable frequency pump 1, evaporator working medium flow control valve 2, evaporator 4, vane rotary expanders working medium flow control
Valve 6 processed, vane rotary expanders 8 are connected in series；The port of export of the exhaust pipe of engine 10 is connected with the gas inlet port of evaporator 4；
Expansion ratio regulator 9 is connected with vane rotary expanders 8；Temperature and pressure transmitter I 3, temperature and pressure transmitter II 5 are put respectively
In the working medium entrances end of evaporator 4 and the port of export；Temperature and pressure transmitter III 7 is placed in the working medium entrances end of vane rotary expanders 8；
Combination sensor I 11, combination sensor II 12 are respectively placed in the gas inlet port of evaporator 4 and the port of export；The arrival end point of variable frequency pump 1
It is not connected with the port of export of working medium tank Outlet check valves 27 and the port of export of space regenerator 19 in space backheat subsystem II, frequency conversion
The port of export of pump 1 is connected with the arrival end of pressure-regulating valve 13 in space backheat subsystem II；The port of export of vane rotary expanders 8
It is connected with the weary arrival end of gas blowout emitter 22 of the space regenerator in space backheat subsystem II；Variable expansion is than heat to power output subsystem
System I is connected with control unit 28.
Space backheat subsystem II is passed by pressure-regulating valve 13, condenser 14, temperature and pressure transmitter IV 15, temperature, pressure
The cold working medium flow control valve 17 of sensor V 16, space regenerator, the cold working medium injector 18 of space regenerator, space regenerator 19,
The weary gas blowout emitter 22 of space regenerator liquid level sensor 20, temperature and pressure transmitter VI 21, space regenerator, temperature pressure sensing
Device VII 23, temperature and pressure transmitter VIII 24, working medium tank inflow control valve 25, working medium tank 26, working medium tank Outlet check valves 27
Composition；Wherein, the arrival end of pressure-regulating valve 13 is connected with variable expansion than the port of export of variable frequency pump 1 in hot merit conversion subsystem I,
The port of export of pressure-regulating valve 13 is connected with the working medium entrances end of condenser 14；The sender property outlet end of condenser 14 is divided into two-way, respectively with
The arrival end of working medium tank inflow control valve 25 and the cold arrival end of working medium flow control valve 17 connection of space regenerator；Working medium tank enters
Mouth flow control valve 25, working medium tank 26, working medium tank Outlet check valves 27 are connected in series；The port of export of working medium tank Outlet check valves 27 with
Variable expansion is connected than the arrival end of variable frequency pump 1 in hot merit conversion subsystem I；Regenerator cold working medium flow control valve 17 in space goes out
Mouth end is connected with the cold arrival end of working medium injector 18 of space regenerator；The cold port of export of working medium injector 18 of space regenerator and space
The weary port of export of gas blowout emitter 22 of regenerator is connected with space regenerator 19；The port of export of space regenerator 19 compares hot merit with variable expansion
The arrival end of variable frequency pump 1 connection in conversion subsystem I；The regenerator weary arrival end of gas blowout emitter 22 in space compares hot merit with variable expansion
The port of export of vane rotary expanders 8 connection in conversion subsystem I；Temperature and pressure transmitter IV 15 is placed on condenser 14；
Temperature and pressure transmitter V 16 is placed in the cold arrival end of working medium flow control valve 17 of space regenerator；Space regenerator liquid level sensor
20 and temperature and pressure transmitter VI 21 be placed on space regenerator 19；Temperature and pressure transmitter VII 23 is placed in the weary gas of space regenerator
The arrival end of injector 22；Temperature and pressure transmitter VIII 24 is placed in the port of export of space regenerator 19；Space backheat subsystem II and control
Unit 28 processed is connected.
Based on the control strategy of above-mentioned space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system, comprise the following steps：
A. control unit 28 measures the tail gas of evaporator 4 according to combination sensor I 11, combination sensor II 12 and imports and exports tail gas
State, organic working medium and motor exhaust heat exchange amount can be drawn with reference to the heat exchange efficiency of evaporator 4；Evaporation is determined by folder point temperature
The sender property outlet Temperature of Working of device 4, the turnover of the working medium of evaporator 4 is measured according to temperature and pressure transmitter I 3, temperature and pressure transmitter II 5
Mouth working medium state, thereby determines that the working medium flow in 4 heat exchange efficiency highest of evaporator, passes through evaporator working medium flow control valve 2
The working medium flow of evaporator 4 is adjusted, evaporator is maintained at high heat exchange efficiency；Rotating vane is adjusted by expansion ratio regulator 9
The expansion ratio of formula expanding machine 8 makes different operating mode superheated vapors can fully be expanded in vane rotary expanders 8, and output is most
It is high-power；
B. the setting pressure of pressure-regulating valve 13 is adjusted, it is ensured that disclosure satisfy that backheat by the cold working medium flow of condenser 14
Required flow；The flow needed for it can just meet backheat by the working medium flow of condenser 14, closes working medium pump inlet flow rate
Control valve 25；If being more than flow needed for backheat by the working medium flow of condenser 14, working medium pump inflow control valve is opened
25, redundance working medium is returned in working medium tank 26 by working medium pump inflow control valve 25；
C. the weary gas and the cold working medium of condensed device 14 that vane rotary expanders 8 are discharged are respectively by the weary gas of space regenerator
The cold working medium injector 18 of injector 22, space regenerator is sprayed into space regenerator 19, weary gas and cold working medium direct contact heat transfer,
Weary out of breath dodge condenses and liquefied, and realizes the recovery to weary gas heat energy；The organic work of high-temperature liquid state in space regenerator 19 after backheat
Matter is used for variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem I through the rear portion of variable frequency pump 1, and a part is used for space backheat subsystem II,
Realize circulation.
The present invention principle be：The tail gas and organic working medium of engine emission are exchanged heat in evaporator, make organic work
The superheated vapor of matter formation HTHP, by adjusting the flow of organic working medium, is changed with ensureing that evaporator remains higher
The thermal efficiency, now superheated vapor be maintained at the optimal thermal source state needed for vane rotary expanders；The overheat of HTHP is steamed
Gas, which enters in vane rotary expanders, promotes blade acting, and the swollen of vane rotary expanders is adjusted by expansion ratio regulator
Swollen ratio, so that the superheated vapor under different operating modes can fully expand in vane rotary expanders, exports maximum work
Rate；By the setting pressure for adjusting pressure-regulating valve, it is ensured that the supply to cold working medium in the regenerator of space；The weary gas of space regenerator
Injector sprays into the cold working medium that the weary gas in the regenerator of space is sprayed into the regenerator of space with the cold working medium injector of space regenerator
And the abundant contact heat-exchanging of residual liquid working medium in the regenerator of space, it is weary it is out of breath dodge condensation and liquefy, completion to weary gas heat energy most
The recovery of big degree, realizes the high-temperature liquid state organic working medium warp after backheat in the high-effect of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, space regenerator
Variable frequency pump rear portion is used for variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem, and a part is used for space backheat subsystem, realizes circulation.
The present invention the course of work be：Control unit 28 measures the offgas outlet end of evaporator 4 according to combination sensor II 12
The temperature of tail gas, the temperature of the sender property outlet end working medium of evaporator 4 is determined by folder point temperature, is passed according to combination sensor I 11, combination
Sensor II 12 measures temperature, pressure and the flow that the tail gas of evaporator 4 imports and exports tail gas, can be obtained with reference to the heat exchange efficiency of evaporator 4
Go out the heat exchange amount of organic working medium and motor exhaust in evaporator 4, measuring the working medium of evaporator 4 by temperature and pressure transmitter I 3 enters
Mouth end Temperature of Working and pressure, temperature and pressure transmitter II 5 measure the sender property outlet end power pressure of evaporator 4, the working medium of evaporator 4
Port of export Temperature of Working is calculated by folder point temperature, it can thus be concluded that the working medium of evaporator 4 imports and exports the ratio enthalpy difference of organic working medium, so that
The working medium flow in 4 heat exchange efficiency highest of evaporator is drawn, is changed by the aperture for adjusting evaporator working medium flow control valve 3
By the working medium flow in evaporator 4, evaporator is remained at higher heat exchange efficiency, realize to tail gas heat quantity maximum journey
The recovery of degree.During start operating performance, motor exhaust temperature is relatively low, and variable frequency pump 1, which is extracted a small amount of working medium out from working medium tank 26 and imported, to be steamed
Send out in device 4, with the rise of motor exhaust temperature, the rotating speed of variable frequency pump 1 is altered in steps to increase working medium flow, is done step-by-step
The normal work of organic Rankine bottoming cycle under steady working condition.
The temperature and mass flow of the known arrival end superheated vapor of vane rotary expanders 8, control unit 28 is according to temperature
Degree pressure sensor III 7 measures the pressure of superheated vapor, by adjusting opening for vane rotary expanders working medium flow control valve 6
Degree makes organic working medium be maintained at constant pressure, to stablize the mapping of organic working medium.By the temperature of superheated vapor, pressure, matter
Flow is measured, the rotating speed for adjusting vane rotary expanders 8 according to nominal data is adapted the state of itself and superheated vapor, passes through
Expansion ratio regulator 9 adjusts the expansion ratio of vane rotary expanders 8, makes superheated vapor energy in vane rotary expanders 8
Enough fully expansions, make vane rotary expanders 8 being capable of Maximum Power Output under different conditions superheated vapor.
The setting pressure of pressure-regulating valve 13 is adjusted by control unit 28, it is set in pressure and organic Rankine bottoming cycle
Operating pressure be adapted, it is ensured that the supply of cold to space regenerator working medium, if being more than space by the cold working medium amount of condenser 14
The amount of cold working medium needed for regenerator 19, then unnecessary cold working medium pass through working medium tank inflow control valve 25 and enter working medium tank 26.
Weary gas after rotated vane type expanding machine 8 does work sprays into space regenerator by the weary gas blowout emitter 22 of space regenerator
19, control unit 28 measures cold working medium state according to temperature and pressure transmitter V 16, temperature and pressure transmitter VI 21 and space is returned
State in hot device, determines the amount of cold working medium needed for space regenerator 19, by the cold working medium injector 18 of space regenerator by cold work
Matter sprays into space regenerator 19, makes weary gas and cold working medium abundant contact heat-exchanging in space regenerator 19, weary sudden strain of a muscle out of breath condense and
Liquefaction, realizes the recovery to weary gas heat energy.Measured according to space regenerator liquid level sensor 20 in space regenerator 19 after backheat
The liquid level of organic working medium, by adjusting the setting pressure of pressure-regulating valve 13, changes the working medium flow in backheat loop, makes space
Liquid refrigerant in regenerator 19 remains at reasonable liquid level；High-temperature liquid state organic working medium in space regenerator 19 after backheat
It is used for variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem I through the rear portion of variable frequency pump 1, a part is used for space backheat subsystem II, real
Now circulate.
When engine is shut down, the end worked with organic Rankine bottoming cycle, the organic working medium in loop is passed through by variable frequency pump 1
Condenser 14, working medium tank inflow control valve 25 are imported in working medium tank 26.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：Working medium in evaporator is adjusted according to the heat exchange amount of motor exhaust and organic working medium
Flow, makes evaporator remain at higher heat exchange efficiency, it is ensured that the mistake of HTHP is discharged from evaporator sender property outlet end
Hot working fluid, the optimal thermal source state needed for now superheated vapor holding vane rotary expanders.By introducing variable expansion ratio
Vane rotary expanders, can be adjusted according to the state of vane rotary expanders inlet superheat steam by expansion ratio
Device adjusts the expansion ratio of vane rotary expanders, makes the superheated vapor of different conditions can be in vane rotary expanders
Fully expansion, makes vane rotary expanders Maximum Power Output.Space regenerator is introduced to realize the recovery to weary gas heat energy,
The emitted dose of cold working medium in the regenerator of space, rotating vane are sprayed into according to the state in the regenerator of space and cold working medium Determines
Weary gas and pass through the cold working medium of condenser by the weary gas blowout emitter of space regenerator and the cold work of space regenerator that formula expanding machine is discharged
Matter injector is sprayed into the regenerator of space, weary gas and the abundant contact heat-exchanging of cold working medium, and weary out of breath dodge condenses and liquefied, so as to realize
Recovery to weary gas heat energy, being introduced into space regenerator can solve that space condensation can not be realized in vane rotary expanders
Problem, and can preferably reclaim by space regenerator the heat energy of weary gas.By the setting pressure for adjusting pressure-regulating valve
To adapt to the operating pressure of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, to ensure the supply to the cold working medium of space regenerator and keep working medium liquid after backheat
High-temperature liquid state organic working medium of the position in reasonable liquid level, space regenerator after backheat is used for variable expansion through variable frequency pump rear portion
Than hot merit conversion subsystem, a part is used for space backheat subsystem, realizes circulation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system and control strategy；
Wherein：Variable expansion is than hot merit conversion subsystem I, space backheat subsystem II, variable frequency pump 1, evaporator working medium stream
Control valve 2, temperature and pressure transmitter I 3, evaporator 4, temperature and pressure transmitter II 5, vane rotary expanders working medium flow
Control valve 6, temperature and pressure transmitter III 7, vane rotary expanders 8, expansion ratio regulator 9, the exhaust pipe of engine 10, combination
Sensor I 11, combination sensor II 12, pressure-regulating valve 13, condenser 14, temperature and pressure transmitter IV 15, temperature, pressure are passed
The cold working medium flow control valve 17 of sensor V 16, space regenerator, the cold working medium injector 18 of space regenerator, space regenerator 19,
The weary gas blowout emitter 22 of space regenerator liquid level sensor 20, temperature and pressure transmitter VI 21, space regenerator, temperature pressure sensing
Device VII 23, temperature pressure sensing VIII 24, working medium tank inflow control valve 25, working medium tank 26, the and of working medium tank Outlet check valves 27
Control unit 28.
Fig. 2 is space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system and control strategy control mode flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1：The present invention is by control unit 28, variable
Expansion ratio heat to power output subsystem I, space backheat subsystem II are constituted；Wherein, control unit 28 respectively with variable expansion specific heat
Work(conversion subsystem I, space backheat subsystem II are connected；Variable expansion than the variable frequency pump 1 in hot merit conversion subsystem I respectively with
Pressure-regulating valve 13, space regenerator 19 and working medium tank Outlet check valves 27 in space backheat subsystem II are connected；It is variable swollen
The swollen vane rotary expanders 8 than in hot merit conversion subsystem I and the weary gas of space regenerator in space backheat subsystem II
Injector 22 is connected.
Variable expansion is than hot merit conversion subsystem I by variable frequency pump 1, evaporator working medium flow control valve 2, temperature pressure sensing
Device I 3, evaporator 4, temperature and pressure transmitter II 5, vane rotary expanders working medium flow control valve 6, temperature and pressure transmitter
III 7, vane rotary expanders 8, expansion ratio regulator 9, the exhaust pipe of engine 10, combination sensor I 11, combination sensor II
12 compositions；Wherein, variable frequency pump 1, evaporator working medium flow control valve 2, evaporator 4, vane rotary expanders working medium flow control
Valve 6 processed, vane rotary expanders 8 are connected in series；The port of export of the exhaust pipe of engine 10 is connected with the gas inlet port of evaporator 4；
Expansion ratio regulator 9 is connected with vane rotary expanders 8；Temperature and pressure transmitter I 3, temperature and pressure transmitter II 5 are put respectively
In the working medium entrances end of evaporator 4 and the port of export；Temperature and pressure transmitter III 7 is placed in the working medium entrances end of vane rotary expanders 8；
Combination sensor I 11, combination sensor II 12 are respectively placed in the gas inlet port of evaporator 4 and the port of export；The arrival end point of variable frequency pump 1
It is not connected with the port of export of working medium tank Outlet check valves 27 and the port of export of space regenerator 19 in space backheat subsystem II, frequency conversion
The port of export of pump 1 is connected with the arrival end of pressure-regulating valve 13 in space backheat subsystem II；The port of export of vane rotary expanders 8
It is connected with the weary arrival end of gas blowout emitter 22 of the space regenerator in space backheat subsystem II；Variable expansion is than heat to power output subsystem
System I is connected with control unit 28.
Space backheat subsystem II is passed by pressure-regulating valve 13, condenser 14, temperature and pressure transmitter IV 15, temperature, pressure
The cold working medium flow control valve 17 of sensor V 16, space regenerator, the cold working medium injector 18 of space regenerator, space regenerator 19,
The weary gas blowout emitter 22 of space regenerator liquid level sensor 20, temperature and pressure transmitter VI 21, space regenerator, temperature pressure sensing
Device VII 23, temperature and pressure transmitter VIII 24, working medium tank inflow control valve 25, working medium tank 26, working medium tank Outlet check valves 27
Composition；Wherein, the arrival end of pressure-regulating valve 13 is connected with variable expansion than the port of export of variable frequency pump 1 in hot merit conversion subsystem I,
The port of export of pressure-regulating valve 13 is connected with the working medium entrances end of condenser 14；The sender property outlet end of condenser 14 is divided into two-way, respectively with
The arrival end of working medium tank inflow control valve 25 and the cold arrival end of working medium flow control valve 17 connection of space regenerator；Working medium tank enters
Mouth flow control valve 25, working medium tank 26, working medium tank Outlet check valves 27 are connected in series；The port of export of working medium tank Outlet check valves 27 with
Variable expansion is connected than the arrival end of variable frequency pump 1 in hot merit conversion subsystem I；Regenerator cold working medium flow control valve 17 in space goes out
Mouth end is connected with the cold arrival end of working medium injector 18 of space regenerator；The cold port of export of working medium injector 18 of space regenerator and space
The weary port of export of gas blowout emitter 22 of regenerator is connected with space regenerator 19；The port of export of space regenerator 19 compares hot merit with variable expansion
The arrival end of variable frequency pump 1 connection in conversion subsystem I；The regenerator weary arrival end of gas blowout emitter 22 in space compares hot merit with variable expansion
The port of export of vane rotary expanders 8 connection in conversion subsystem I；Temperature and pressure transmitter IV 15 is placed on condenser 14；
Temperature and pressure transmitter V 16 is placed in the cold arrival end of working medium flow control valve 17 of space regenerator；Space regenerator liquid level sensor
20 and temperature and pressure transmitter VI 21 be placed on space regenerator 19；Temperature and pressure transmitter VII 23 is placed in the weary gas of space regenerator
The arrival end of injector 22；Temperature and pressure transmitter VIII 24 is placed in the port of export of space regenerator 19；Space backheat subsystem II and control
Unit 28 processed is connected.
Based on the control strategy of above-mentioned space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system, comprise the following steps：
A. control unit 28 measures the tail gas of evaporator 4 according to combination sensor I 11, combination sensor II 12 and imports and exports tail gas
State, organic working medium and motor exhaust heat exchange amount can be drawn with reference to the heat exchange efficiency of evaporator 4；Evaporation is determined by folder point temperature
The sender property outlet Temperature of Working of device 4, the turnover of the working medium of evaporator 4 is measured according to temperature and pressure transmitter I 3, temperature and pressure transmitter II 5
Mouth working medium state, thereby determines that the working medium flow in 4 heat exchange efficiency highest of evaporator, passes through evaporator working medium flow control valve 2
The working medium flow of evaporator 4 is adjusted, evaporator is maintained at high heat exchange efficiency；Rotating vane is adjusted by expansion ratio regulator 9
The expansion ratio of formula expanding machine 8 makes different operating mode superheated vapors can fully be expanded in vane rotary expanders 8, and output is most
It is high-power；
B. the setting pressure of pressure-regulating valve 13 is adjusted, it is ensured that disclosure satisfy that backheat by the cold working medium flow of condenser 14
Required flow；The flow needed for it can just meet backheat by the working medium flow of condenser 14, closes working medium pump inlet flow rate
Control valve 25；If being more than flow needed for backheat by the working medium flow of condenser 14, working medium pump inflow control valve is opened
25, redundance working medium is returned in working medium tank 26 by working medium pump inflow control valve 25；
C. the weary gas and the cold working medium of condensed device 14 that vane rotary expanders 8 are discharged are respectively by the weary gas of space regenerator
The cold working medium injector 18 of injector 22, space regenerator is sprayed into space regenerator 19, weary gas and cold working medium direct contact heat transfer,
Weary out of breath dodge condenses and liquefied, and realizes the recovery to weary gas heat energy；The organic work of high-temperature liquid state in space regenerator 19 after backheat
Matter is used for variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem I through the rear portion of variable frequency pump 1, and a part is used for space backheat subsystem II,
Realize circulation.
The specific works mode of system is as follows：
First, the control of evaporator organic working medium flow：Control unit 28 measures the tail of evaporator 4 according to combination sensor II 12
The temperature of gas port of export tail gas, the temperature of the sender property outlet end working medium of evaporator 4 is determined by folder point temperature, according to combination sensor I
11st, combination sensor II 12 measures temperature, pressure and the flow that the tail gas of evaporator 4 imports and exports tail gas, exchanges heat and imitates with reference to evaporator 4
Rate can draw the heat exchange amount of organic working medium and motor exhaust in evaporator 4, and evaporation is measured by temperature and pressure transmitter I 3
The working medium entrances end Temperature of Working of device 4 and pressure, temperature and pressure transmitter II 5 measure the sender property outlet end power pressure of evaporator 4, steam
Hair device 4 sender property outlet end Temperature of Working is calculated by folder point temperature, it can thus be concluded that the working medium of evaporator 4 imports and exports the ratio of organic working medium
Enthalpy difference, so that the working medium flow in 4 heat exchange efficiency highest of evaporator is drawn, by adjusting evaporator working medium flow control valve 3
Aperture change the working medium flow passed through in evaporator 4, evaporator is remained at higher heat exchange efficiency, realize to tail gas
Heat is farthest reclaimed.During start operating performance, motor exhaust temperature is relatively low, and variable frequency pump 1 is extracted out on a small quantity from working medium tank 26
Working medium is imported in evaporator 4, with the rise of motor exhaust temperature, the rotating speed of variable frequency pump 1 is altered in steps to increase working medium stream
Amount, is done step-by-step the normal work of organic Rankine bottoming cycle under steady working condition.
2nd, the expansion ratio control of vane rotary expanders：The known arrival end superheated vapor of vane rotary expanders 8
Temperature and mass flow, control unit 28 measure the pressure of superheated vapor according to temperature and pressure transmitter III 7, are rotated by adjusting
The aperture of vane type expanding machine working medium flow control valve 6 makes organic working medium be maintained at constant pressure, to stablize the wink of organic working medium
State property energy.By the temperature of superheated vapor, pressure, mass flow, the rotating speed of vane rotary expanders 8 is adjusted according to nominal data
The state of itself and superheated vapor is adapted, the expansion ratio of vane rotary expanders 8 is adjusted by expansion ratio regulator 9, is made
Superheated vapor can fully expand in vane rotary expanders 8, vane rotary expanders 8 is overheated in different conditions and steams
Being capable of Maximum Power Output under gas.
3rd, the control of pressure-reducing valve：The setting pressure of pressure-regulating valve 13 is adjusted by control unit 28, it is set pressure
It is adapted with the operating pressure in organic Rankine bottoming cycle, it is ensured that working medium supply cold to space regenerator, if by condenser 14
Cold working medium amount is more than the amount of cold working medium needed for space regenerator 19, then unnecessary cold working medium passes through working medium tank inflow control valve
25 enter working medium tank 26.
4th, space backheat：Weary gas after rotated vane type expanding machine 8 does work is sprayed by the weary gas blowout emitter 22 of space regenerator
Enter space regenerator 19, control unit 28 measures cold working medium according to temperature and pressure transmitter V 16, temperature and pressure transmitter VI 21
State in state and space regenerator, determines the amount of cold working medium needed for space regenerator 19, is sprayed by the cold working medium of space regenerator
Cold working medium is sprayed into space regenerator 19 by emitter 18, makes weary gas and cold working medium abundant contact heat-exchanging in space regenerator 19, weary
It is out of breath to dodge condensation and liquefy, realize the recovery to weary gas heat energy.Space backheat is measured according to space regenerator liquid level sensor 20
In device 19 after backheat organic working medium liquid level, by adjusting the setting pressure of pressure-regulating valve 13, change the work in backheat loop
Mass flow amount, makes the liquid refrigerant in space regenerator 19 remain at reasonable liquid level；Height in space regenerator 19 after backheat
Warm liquid organic working medium is used for variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem I through the rear portion of variable frequency pump 1, and a part is returned for space
Thermal sub-system II, realizes circulation.
5th, engine is shut down：When engine is shut down, the end worked with organic Rankine bottoming cycle is organic in loop
Working medium is returned in working medium tank 26 by the condensed device 14 of variable frequency pump 1, working medium tank inflow control valve 25.
In the present invention using heat exchanger (evaporator 4, condenser 14) realize organic working medium and the low-quality energy heat exchange and
The cooling of organic working medium, by this principle shell-and-tube heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger, tube-sheet heat exchanger and sleeve pipe in actual applications
This kind of function can be achieved in formula heat exchanger etc.；The superheated vapor of high temperature high pressure of the present invention expansion work in expanding machine, by this
Turbine type expanding machine, piston-type expanding machine can realize this kind of function to principle in actual applications；Boiling point is utilized in the present invention
Relatively low organic working medium can just be heated to be superheated vapor as cycle fluid in lower pressure, lower temperature, by this principle
The relatively low working medium (such as R245fa, R123, R143a, R152a, R141b and R245ca) of boiling point is equal under mark condition in actual applications
This kind of function can be achieved；Utilization space regenerator realizes the abundant contact heat-exchanging of hot and cold working medium in the present invention, by this principle in reality
The closed container of use condition is met in can realize this kind of function.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system, it is characterised in that：It is main by control unit (28), it is variable
Expansion ratio heat to power output subsystem (I), space backheat subsystem (II) composition；Wherein, control unit (28) respectively with it is variable swollen
It is swollen to be connected than hot merit conversion subsystem (I), space backheat subsystem (II)；Variable expansion is than in hot merit conversion subsystem (I)
Variable frequency pump (1) goes out with the pressure-regulating valve (13) in space backheat subsystem (II), space regenerator (19) and working medium tank respectively
Mouth check valve (27) connection；Variable expansion is than the vane rotary expanders (8) in thermal technology conversion subsystem (I) and space backheat
Weary gas blowout emitter (22) connection of space regenerator in subsystem (II).
2. the space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system according to claims 1, it is characterised in that variable swollen
It is swollen than hot merit conversion subsystem (I) by variable frequency pump (1), evaporator working medium flow control valve (2), temperature and pressure transmitter I (3),
Evaporator (4), temperature and pressure transmitter II (5), vane rotary expanders working medium flow control valve (6), temperature pressure sensing
Device III (7), vane rotary expanders (8), expansion ratio regulator (9), the exhaust pipe of engine (10), combination sensor I (11),
Combination sensor II (12) is constituted；Wherein, variable frequency pump (1), evaporator working medium flow control valve (2), evaporator (4), pivoting leaf
Chip expanding machine working medium flow control valve (6), vane rotary expanders (8) are connected in series；The exhaust pipe of engine (10) is exported
End is connected with evaporator (4) gas inlet port；Expansion ratio regulator (9) is connected with vane rotary expanders (8)；Temperature, pressure
Sensor I (3), temperature and pressure transmitter II (5) are respectively placed in evaporator (4) working medium entrances end and the port of export；Temperature, pressure is passed
Sensor III (7) is placed in vane rotary expanders (8) working medium entrances end；Combination sensor I (11), combination sensor II (12) point
Evaporator (4) gas inlet port and the port of export are not placed in；Variable frequency pump (1) arrival end respectively with space backheat subsystem (II)
Working medium tank Outlet check valves (27) port of export and the connection of space regenerator (19) port of export, variable frequency pump (1) port of export are returned with space
Pressure-regulating valve (13) arrival end connection in thermal sub-system (II)；Vane rotary expanders (8) port of export and space backheat
Weary gas blowout emitter (22) the arrival end connection of space regenerator in subsystem (II)；Variable expansion is than hot merit conversion subsystem (I)
It is connected with control unit (28).
3. the space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system according to claims 1, it is characterised in that space is returned
Thermal sub-system (II) is by pressure-regulating valve (13), condenser (14), temperature and pressure transmitter IV (15), temperature and pressure transmitter V
(16), the cold working medium flow control valve (17) of space regenerator, the cold working medium injector (18) of space regenerator, space regenerator
(19), the weary gas blowout emitter (22) of space regenerator liquid level sensor (20), temperature and pressure transmitter VI (21), space regenerator,
Temperature and pressure transmitter VII (23), temperature and pressure transmitter VIII (24), working medium tank inflow control valve (25), working medium tank
(26), working medium tank Outlet check valves (27) are constituted；Wherein, pressure-regulating valve (13) arrival end and variable expansion are more sub than heat to power output
Variable frequency pump (1) port of export connection in system (I), pressure-regulating valve (13) port of export connects with condenser (14) working medium entrances end
Connect；Condenser (14) sender property outlet end be divided into two-way respectively with working medium tank inflow control valve (25) arrival end and space backheat
Cold working medium flow control valve (17) the arrival end connection of device；Working medium tank inflow control valve (25), working medium tank (26), working medium tank go out
Mouth check valve (27) is connected in series；Working medium tank Outlet check valves (27) port of export is with variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem (I)
In variable frequency pump (1) arrival end connection；Cold working medium flow control valve (17) port of export of space regenerator and the cold work of space regenerator
Matter injector (18) arrival end is connected；Cold working medium injector (18) port of export of space regenerator and the weary gas blowout emitter of space regenerator
(22) port of export is connected with space regenerator (19)；Regenerator (19) port of export in space is with variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem
(I) variable frequency pump (1) arrival end connection in；Regenerator weary gas blowout emitter (22) arrival end in space compares heat to power output with variable expansion
Vane rotary expanders (8) port of export connection in subsystem (I)；Temperature and pressure transmitter IV (15) is placed in condenser (14)
On；Temperature and pressure transmitter V (16) is placed in cold working medium flow control valve (17) arrival end of space regenerator；Space regenerator liquid
Level sensor (20) and temperature and pressure transmitter VI (21) are placed on space regenerator (19)；Temperature and pressure transmitter VII (23) is put
In weary gas blowout emitter (22) arrival end of space regenerator；Temperature and pressure transmitter VIII (24) is placed in space regenerator (19) outlet
End；Space backheat subsystem (II) is connected with control unit (28).
4. the control strategy of the space backheat organic Rankine bottoming cycle complementary energy recovery system according to claims 1, its feature
It is to comprise the following steps：
A. control unit (28) measures evaporator (4) tail gas according to combination sensor I (11), combination sensor II (12) and imported and exported
Tail gas state, organic working medium and motor exhaust heat exchange amount can be drawn with reference to evaporator (4) highest heat exchange efficiency；By folder point temperature
Degree determines evaporator (4) sender property outlet Temperature of Working, is surveyed according to temperature and pressure transmitter I (3), temperature and pressure transmitter II (5)
Obtain evaporator (4) working medium and import and export working medium state, thereby determine that the working medium flow in evaporator (4) heat exchange efficiency highest, pass through
Evaporator working medium flow control valve (2) adjusts evaporator (4) working medium flow, evaporator is maintained at high heat exchange efficiency；Pass through
The expansion ratio of expansion ratio regulator (9) regulation vane rotary expanders (8) makes different operating mode superheated vapors can be in rotation
Vane type expanding machine fully expands in (8), Maximum Power Output；
B. the setting pressure of pressure-regulating valve (13) is adjusted, it is ensured that disclosure satisfy that backheat by the cold working medium flow of condenser (14)
Required flow；The flow needed for it can just meet backheat by the working medium flow of condenser (14), closes working medium pump intake stream
Control valve (25)；If being more than flow needed for backheat by the working medium flow of condenser (14), working medium pump inlet flow rate is opened
Control valve (25), redundance working medium is returned in working medium tank (26) by working medium pump inflow control valve (25)；
C. the weary gas of vane rotary expanders (8) discharge and the cold working medium of condensed device (14) are respectively by the weary gas of space regenerator
The cold working medium injector (18) of injector (22), space regenerator is sprayed into space regenerator (19), and weary gas and cold working medium directly connect
Heat exchange is touched, weary out of breath dodge condenses and liquefied, and realizes the recovery to weary gas heat energy；High-temperature liquid state in space regenerator 19 after backheat
Organic working medium is used for variable expansion than hot merit conversion subsystem I through the rear portion of variable frequency pump 1, and a part is used for space backheat subsystem
System II, realizes circulation.
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