CN204476527U - Overcritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine bottoming cycle using waste heat from tail gas comprehensive utilization device - Google Patents
Overcritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine bottoming cycle using waste heat from tail gas comprehensive utilization device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204476527U CN204476527U CN201520147893.2U CN201520147893U CN204476527U CN 204476527 U CN204476527 U CN 204476527U CN 201520147893 U CN201520147893 U CN 201520147893U CN 204476527 U CN204476527 U CN 204476527U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of overcritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine bottoming cycle using waste heat from tail gas comprehensive utilization device, comprise subcritical ORC, overcritical ORC and overcritical accumulation of heat three modules, primarily of condenser, working medium holding vessel, solenoid valve, working medium pump, decompressor, preheater, preprocessor, overcritical thermal accumulator, cross the composition such as hot vaporizer and control unit, utilize overcritical thermal accumulator to enter preprocessor more within the specific limits by stable for delivery temperature, make preprocessor high purification efficiency can be kept under most of operating mode to reduce pollutant emission at motor; Utilize organic Rankine bottoming cycle to improve the utilization ratio of the energy to the heat recovery of exhaust, the utility model utilizes organic Rankine bottoming cycle to reach the beneficial effect of pollutant low emission and high efficiency of energy utilization simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the low-quality technical field of energy utilization of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, be specifically related to develop a kind of overcritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine bottoming cycle using waste heat from tail gas comprehensive utilization device, reach the beneficial effect of stable post processor of engine inlet temperature and raising energy utilization rate.
Background technique
Low-temperature heat source refers to the heat energy that grade is relatively low, and general temperature is lower than 200 DEG C.These variety of energy sources are various, comprise the renewable energy sources such as solar energy, various industry remaining (giving up) heat, underground heat, biomass energy, ocean thermal energy.These total resources are huge, for industrial waste heat, have 50% finally directly to discharge with the form of low-grade exhaust heat in the heat energy that the mankind utilize.Utilize and reclaim this part energy, both having contributed to solving energy problem of China, the environmental pollution in production of energy process can be reduced again.Energy in engine waste heat is also main used heat source, and these used heat of Appropriate application have the potentiality of overall engine thermal efficiency raising 10%.
Organic Rankine bottoming cycle can well be realized this goal, and it generates electricity after organic working medium can be utilized to be reclaimed by low temperature exhaust heat, and this system also reduces conventional energy resource and utilizes CO in process
2, NO
x, SO
2discharge, improve the overall utilization of the energy simultaneously.Organic Rankine bottoming cycle refers in particular to the Rankine cycle as working medium such as the low-boiling-point organic compound that uses R113, R245fa, pentane, is widely used on industrial waste heat recovery, solar thermal energy generating, raw mass-energy combustion power generation.Compared with water vapour Rankine cycle, the organic substance working medium adopted in system can be evaporated at low temperatures and be reached higher pressure, utilize air or water that exhaust steam after acting is condensed to normal temperature, make the temperature end of system and low-temperature end set up higher differential pressure, obtain the higher thermal efficiency.Therefore, in the recycling of low grade heat energy, organic Rankine bottoming cycle demonstrates higher superiority.
Increasingly strict along with Abgasgesetz, automobile will meet state more than IV Abgasgesetz, also needs to install after-treatment device additional realize external purification except taking emission controls by improving combustion measure.The after-treatment device of the after-treatment device of motor particularly catalytic type has very strict requirement to motor row temperature, only in certain exhaust temperature ranges, have higher purification efficiency, the operating temperature range of such as diesel oxidation reactor is 200 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C; Significantly reduce in the purification efficiency of all the other temperature range preprocessors, and the exhaust temperature ranges of diesel engine is 150 DEG C ~ 650 DEG C, excursion is wider, is difficult to meet the requirement of preprocessor to row's temperature, and therefore preprocessor purification efficiency declines to a great extent and shortens operating life.
Vehicular internal combustion engine is often in instantaneous conditions, and its exhaust gas heat state is also in transient state accordingly.The intrinsic transient behavior of Vehicular internal combustion engine exhaust gas heat state brings two key issues: the waste heat utilization of mechanical energy mode poor efficiency 1), by organic Rankine bottoming cycle residual neat recovering system and the receptance of mating of thermal source caused and control complicated; 2), narrow by reprocessing inlet temperature proper window, with arrange in real time warm do not mate the harmful substance low conversion rate that causes and using waste heat from tail gas utilization ratio low.
Summary of the invention
The utility model provides a kind of overcritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine bottoming cycle using waste heat from tail gas comprehensive utilization device, this device take organic Rankine bottoming cycle as foundation, make full use of the heat that working medium absorbs, utilize the overcritical thermal accumulator 21 in organic Rankine bottoming cycle that preprocessor 15 entrance point delivery temperature is stabilized in the scope of presetting on the one hand, make the purification efficiency that preprocessor 15 remains higher, thus reach the beneficial effect reducing pollutant emission; Organic Rankine bottoming cycle is utilized to be mechanical energy by the thermal energy of tail gas on the other hand, and improve the mode of execution of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, the latent heat of vaporization of working medium is fully used, improves heat to power output efficiency, thus reach the beneficial effect of low-quality using energy source and energy saving.The utility model reaches beneficial effect using waste heat from tail gas Land use systems being extended to mechanical energy output and preprocessor inlet temperature control these two aspects of heat utilization by single utilization of mechanical energy.
The utility model is by temperature transducer I 1, pressure transducer I 2, condenser 3, working medium holding vessel 4, working medium pump 5, tee union I 6, working medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7, working medium nozzle I 8, solenoid valve I 9, working medium nozzle II 10, decompressor 11, pressure transducer II 12, temperature transducer II 13, preheater 14, preprocessor 15, tee union II 16, flow control valve 17, temperature transducer III 18, pressure transducer III 19, temperature transducer IV 20, overcritical thermal accumulator 21, solenoid valve II 22, outlet pipe 23, cross hot vaporizer 24, temperature transducer V 25, motor 26, working medium circulation duct 27, temperature transducer VI 28, pressure transducer IV 29, solenoid valve III 30, solenoid valve IV 31, tee union III 32, control unit 33, working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34, temperature transducer VII 35 and pressure transducer V 36 form.
The utility model provides a kind of overcritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine bottoming cycle using waste heat from tail gas comprehensive utilization device, and wherein decompressor 11 communicates with solenoid valve I 9; Described solenoid valve I 9 is connected with condenser 3; Wherein temperature transducer I 1 and pressure transducer I 2 are arranged on condenser 3; Described condenser 3, working medium holding vessel 4 are connected in series with working medium pump 5; Described working medium pump 5 is connected with working medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7, preheater 14 respectively by tee union I 6; Working medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 is connected with working medium nozzle I 8; Tee union I 6, preheater 14 and tee union II 16 are connected in series, and wherein pressure transducer II 12 and temperature transducer II 13 are arranged on preheater 14; Tee union II 16, solenoid valve II 22, excessively hot vaporizer 24, solenoid valve IV 31 and tee union III 32 are connected in series, and wherein temperature transducer VI 28 and pressure transducer IV 29 were arranged on hot vaporizer 24; Tee union II 16, flow control valve 17, overcritical thermal accumulator 21, solenoid valve III 30 and tee union III 32 are connected in series, and wherein temperature transducer IV 20 and pressure transducer III 19 are arranged on overcritical thermal accumulator 21; Described tee union III 32, working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 and working medium nozzle II 10 are connected in series; Working medium nozzle I 8 and working medium nozzle II 10 communicate with decompressor 11 respectively; Temperature transducer VII 35 and pressure transducer V 36 are arranged on decompressor 11; Motor 26, mistake hot vaporizer 24, overcritical thermal accumulator 21, preprocessor 15 and preheater 14 are connected in series; Temperature transducer III 18 is installed on outlet pipe 23 pipeline section between overcritical thermal accumulator 21 and preprocessor 15; Temperature transducer V 25 is installed on motor 26 and crosses on outlet pipe 23 pipeline section between hot vaporizer 24.
Principle of the present utility model is: the exhaust of motor 26 entered hot vaporizer 24 by outlet pipe 23, and exhaust carries out heat exchange with the working medium crossed in hot vaporizer 24, exhaust was left hot vaporizer 24 and was entered overcritical thermal accumulator 21, and exhaust carries out heat exchange with the working medium in overcritical thermal accumulator 21, control unit 33 is according to temperature transducer III 18, pressure transducer III 19, the aperture of the signal manipulation flow control valve 17 of temperature transducer IV 20 and temperature transducer V 25, thus control the working medium flow entering overcritical thermal accumulator 21, in overcritical thermal accumulator 21, working medium and engine exhaust carry out heat exchange, make delivery temperature before the entrance of preprocessor 15, reach the temperature range preset, row's temperature that this temperature range reaches higher purification efficiency by preprocessor 15 requires determined, target makes preprocessor 15 can keep higher purification efficiency under the most of operating mode of motor 26.
Row's temperature of motor 26 is pulsatile change, and change is frequent, undulate quantity is large, but preprocessor 15 high-efficient purification exhaust pollutant has a fixing less temperature range, once row's temperature is outside this temperature range, the purification efficiency of preprocessor 15 can decline to a great extent, and discharging pollutants, it is just direct discharged to environment to can not get effectively purification, and the reliability of preprocessor 15 and durability are all affected simultaneously.The utility model, according to the principle of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, after preheater 14 is arranged in preprocessor 15, fully absorbs using waste heat from tail gas and pre-hot working fluid; Overcritical thermal accumulator 21 is placed in preprocessor 15 upstream, under different using waste heat from tail gas state, entering the working medium amount of overcritical thermal accumulator 21 by regulating, being delivered to the working medium amount of hot vaporizer 24, make the overcritical working medium in overcritical thermal accumulator 21 remain supercritical state; High temperature heat in overcritical thermal accumulator stored by working medium can stablize ORC system capacity grade on the one hand, also can oppositely add when exhaust temperature window efficient lower than reprocessing the heat utilization that hot exhaust gas realizes using waste heat from tail gas on the other hand; Decompressor 11 realizes expansion ratio variable controllable by changing the working medium entry/exit decompressor moment; Working medium pump 5, the excessively structure, function, working procedure etc. of hot vaporizer 24, condenser 3 are similar to traditional ORC system, the utility model utilizes overcritical thermal accumulator 21 1 aspect to stablize ORC system capacity grade, improve the heat to power output efficiency of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, thus reach the beneficial effect of low-quality using energy source; Controlling diesel engine after treatment device 15 entrance point exhaust temperature on the other hand makes preprocessor 15 be in high-efficient purification state all the time, thus reaches the beneficial effect reducing tailpipe emission.
Main target and the process of overcritical accumulation of heat module are summarized as follows:
One, accumulation of heat/stablize thermal source quality: 1) initial accumulation of heat, setting supercritical state regenerator temperature, pressure (super critical point temperature working medium does not liquefy, and supercritical pressure promotes working medium energy storage density) is calculated according to engines tail gaseity and reprocessing demand; When exhaust temperature is lower than reducing ORC system caloric receptivity during critical temperature, fully ensure the heat of overcritical thermal accumulator 21; After exhaust temperature is higher than critical temperature, introduce a small amount of working medium again, so circulation is until temperature, pressure all reach the state of setting; 2) accumulation of heat again: when after the heat release of overcritical thermal accumulator 21 constant volume, inside temperature, pressure can be starkly lower than set condition, this limit ORC system acting ability, the overcritical thermal accumulator 21 of preferential guarantee heat until reach set condition; 3), quantitative dynamically accumulation of heat/part supercritical steam cycle stable system energy figure: when overcritical thermal accumulator 21 being in set condition for avoiding the too high heat exchange loss of subcritical ORC system evaporator, making heat absorber and use rationally strengthening the hot vaporizer 24 overcritical thermal accumulator 21 under prerequisite that recepts the caloric; The overcritical working medium of part, doing work together with working medium with secondary superheater enters decompressor, realizes part supercritical steam cycle, to promote energy figure; Corresponding control guarantee thermal accumulator amount of stored heat and in stable condition by cold working medium increment.
Two, exothermic process/reprocessing inlet temperature controls: when motor real time exhaust gas temperature stops ORC system works lower than during accumulation of heat setting temperature scope, in overcritical thermal accumulator 21 working medium with the spontaneous reverse heat transfer of supercritical state constant volume exothermic process to tail gas.When accumulation of heat Temperature of Working is down to below critical point temperature, working medium can reach specific saturation state and occur saturated exothermic process, now working medium has a large amount of latent heat of vaporization releasings, realize the long-acting stability contorting of preprocessor 15 inlet temperature, thus reprocessing inlet temperature is controlled in efficient window.
Working stage: the exhaust of motor 26 was passed through hot vaporizer 24, overcritical thermal accumulator 21, preprocessor 15 and preheater 14 and is discharged in environment.Cold working medium in working medium holding vessel 4 enters the pipeline at working medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 and preheater 14 place respectively under the effect of working medium pump 5 through tee union I 6, wherein cold working medium absorbs exhaust gas heat intensification after flowing to preheater 14.
When tail gas real-time waste heat energy can not meet the setting accumulation of heat demand of the heat demand of preprocessor 15 and overcritical thermal accumulator 21, this device enters initial heat storage state, now ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 33 shut electromagnetic valve II 22, solenoid valve III 30 and solenoid valve IV 31, open flow control valve 17; Working medium enters overcritical thermal accumulator 21 by tee union II 16, flow control valve 17 after preheater 14 heats, but because now exhaust energy is lower, in overcritical thermal accumulator 21, the shortage of heat of working medium savings is with the inlet temperature of stable preprocessor 15, and overcritical thermal accumulator 21 experiences the process of initial accumulation of heat-heat release-accumulation of heat-heat release again.
When tail gas real-time waste heat energy can meet the setting accumulation of heat demand of the heat demand of preprocessor 15 and overcritical thermal accumulator 21, this device enters overcritical quantitative accumulation of heat and subcritical ORC state, now ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 33 shut electromagnetic valve III 30, opens solenoid valve II 22, solenoid valve IV 31 and flow control valve 17, working medium is after preheater 14 heats, part working medium enters overcritical thermal accumulator 21 by tee union II 16, flow control valve 17, because now delivery temperature is higher, working medium experience supercritical heated temperature-rise period in overcritical thermal accumulator 21, the heat now utilizing working medium to put aside carrys out the inlet temperature of stable preprocessor 15, another part working medium entered continuation heat absorption intensification in hot vaporizer 24 through solenoid valve II 22 became hot working fluid, working medium is again through solenoid valve IV 31, tee union III 32 enters the pipeline at working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 place, the start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 and endurance, make to cross hot working fluid in right amount and spray into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle II 10, the hot working fluid of crossing spraying into decompressor 11 fully expands, the start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 and endurance, cold working medium sprays into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle I 8, temperature in decompressor 11 is reduced, hot working fluid liquefies in a large number, decompressor 11 internal pressure declines, realize the latent heat of vaporization to make full use of, the start-up time of control unit 33 Controlling solenoid valve I 9 and endurance, thus smoothly working medium is discharged, gaseous state and the liquid working medium that coexists until enter in condenser 3 is just liquefied completely, and the cryogenic fluid of complete post liquefaction enters in working medium holding vessel 4, and so far working medium experiences a circulation.
When tail gas real-time waste heat energy not only can meet the heat demand of preprocessor 15 and the setting accumulation of heat demand of overcritical thermal accumulator 21 but also can meet efficient subcritical ORC, this device enters overcritical dynamic accumulation of heat, subcritical and overcritical ORC state, and now ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 33 opens solenoid valve II 22, solenoid valve III 30, solenoid valve IV 31 and flow control valve 17; After working medium flows through preheater 14 heating, part working medium enters overcritical thermal accumulator 21 by tee union II 16, flow control valve 17, because now delivery temperature is very high, working medium experience supercritical heated temperature-rise period in overcritical thermal accumulator 21, the heat now utilizing working medium to put aside has been enough to the inlet temperature of stable preprocessor 15 and has also had larger surplus, and the excessive heat working medium in overcritical thermal accumulator 21 enters the pipeline at working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 place by solenoid valve III 30, tee union III 32; Another part working medium entered in hot vaporizer 24 through solenoid valve II 22 and continues heat absorption intensification and became hot working fluid, and working medium enters the pipeline at working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 place again through solenoid valve IV 31, tee union III 32; Now the ducted hot working fluid of crossing at working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 place is made up of two-part, a part be flow through the working medium of hot vaporizer 24, another part is the working medium flowing through overcritical thermal accumulator 21; The start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 and endurance, make to cross hot working fluid in right amount and spray into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle II 10, the hot working fluid of crossing spraying into decompressor 11 fully expands, the start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 and endurance, cold working medium sprays into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle I 8, and temperature in decompressor 11 is reduced, and hot working fluid liquefies in a large number, decompressor 11 internal pressure declines, and realizes the latent heat of vaporization and makes full use of; The start-up time of control unit 33 Controlling solenoid valve I 9 and endurance, thus smoothly working medium is discharged, gaseous state and the liquid working medium that coexists until enter in condenser 3 is just liquefied completely, and the cryogenic fluid of complete post liquefaction enters in working medium holding vessel 4, and so far working medium experiences a circulation.
The start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 and endurance, make to spray into decompressor 11 by the appropriate hot working fluid of crossing of working medium nozzle II 10, the hot working fluid of crossing spraying into decompressor 11 fully expands, the start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 and endurance, cold working medium sprays into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle I 8, and temperature in decompressor 11 is reduced, and hot working fluid liquefies in a large number, decompressor 11 internal pressure declines, and realizes the latent heat of vaporization and makes full use of, in traditional organic Rankine bottoming cycle, working medium is all complete liquefaction process within the condenser, so just have lost the latent heat of vaporization of working medium, limit the lifting of ORC heat merit conversion efficiency, and the liquefaction process of hot working fluid is divided into two stages in the utility model, first stage completes in decompressor 11, the hot working fluid of crossing now spraying into decompressor 11 fully expands, the start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 and endurance, cold working medium sprays into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle I 8, temperature in decompressor 11 is reduced, hot working fluid liquefies in a large number, but some working medium of this fashion is gaseous state to be liquefied, the start-up time of control unit 33 Controlling solenoid valve I 9 and endurance, gaseous state and liquid working medium are discharged smoothly, working medium enters the liquefaction process that condenser 3 completes second stage, and so far working medium is liquefied cooling completely, two benches liquefaction process of the present utility model makes the latent heat of vaporization of hot working fluid obtain utilization, so just reaches and improves the heat to power output efficiency of organic Rankine bottoming cycle and the beneficial effect of energy saving.
The key scientific problems that subcritical organic Rankine follows is the heat transfer process Temperature Matching of vaporizer endogenous pyrogen fluid and organic working medium.Because working medium exists isothermal evaporation in subcritical cycle, therefore poor with heat source fluid Temperature Matching in vaporizer.And working medium endothermic process, without two-phase section, significantly can improve the Temperature Matching situation of cold fluid and hot fluid in supercritical steam cycle, and then reduce available energy loss in vaporizer.Compared with water, the critical pressure of organic working medium and critical temperature are all lower, and therefore supercritical organic Rankine circulates not so difficult realization.Under a lot of low temperature exhaust heat heating condition, the alternating temperature phase-change characteristic of working medium under supercritical pressure can be utilized, not have two-phase section to occur when working medium liquid phase changes in the heater, there is not the constant temperature evaporation stage under subcritical pressure boiler.In supercritical organic Rankine circulation, working medium is under supercritical pressure, absorb heat from overcooled liquid, temperature constantly raises, until the state under being greater than critical temperature, the alternating temperature process of this continuous heat absorption can match with waste heat source well, reduce in heating process the extra irreversible entropy caused due to the lack of uniformity of cold fluid and hot fluid heat transfer temperature difference to increase, so higher power cycle exergy efficiencyX can be obtained.
Core innovative point of the present utility model: utilize overcritical organic working medium high specific enthalpy, vast scale savings and release that the feature of strong heat exchange and high volume density realizes using waste heat from tail gas, thus buffering thermal source transient behavior improves ORC system capacity grade and provides thermal source for the regulation and control of preprocessor inlet temperature.Adopt in heat-accumulating process controlled supercritical state (facing pressure according to the accumulation of heat of using waste heat from tail gas mean set), setting pressure lower change point temperature feedback control strategy (determine the supercritical temperature under this pressure according to hot working fluid physical property, control liquid phase working fluid injection amount make Temperature of Working close to and a little more than supercritical temperature) to realize full vapour phase/overcritical accumulation of heat of high mass dryness fraction; Exothermic process adopt setting temperature downforce feedback control strategy (calculate minimum available exothermic temperature according to preprocessor inlet temperature demand, Rankine cycle working medium energy grade demand, in real time monitoring Temperature of Working and keep pressure close to and a little less than supercritical pressure) to realize first utilizing sensible heat finally to utilize heat of phase change.Thermal efficiency of cycle or output work is improved by changing system operational parameters (as working medium operating pressure, temperature, working medium pump merit and working medium mass flow rate etc.).Thus utilize overcritical thermal accumulator 21 that delivery temperature can be realized to be stabilized in efficient window ranges, make preprocessor 15 can keep high purification efficiency under the most of operating mode of motor 26, reduce pollutant emission; Utilize the heat of organic Rankine bottoming cycle to exhaust to reclaim simultaneously and realize the utilization ratio that heat to power output improves the energy, the utility model utilizes organic Rankine bottoming cycle to reach the beneficial effect of pollutant low emission and high efficiency of energy utilization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overcritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine bottoming cycle using waste heat from tail gas comprehensive utilization device.
Wherein: temperature transducer I 1, pressure transducer I 2, condenser 3, working medium holding vessel 4, working medium pump 5, tee union I 6, working medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7, working medium nozzle I 8, solenoid valve I 9, working medium nozzle II 10, decompressor 11, pressure transducer II 12, temperature transducer II 13, preheater 14, preprocessor 15, tee union II 16, flow control valve 17, temperature transducer III 18, pressure transducer III 19, temperature transducer IV 20, overcritical thermal accumulator 21, solenoid valve II 22, outlet pipe 23, cross hot vaporizer 24, temperature transducer V 25, motor 26, working medium circulation duct 27, temperature transducer VI 28, pressure transducer IV 29, solenoid valve III 30, solenoid valve IV 31, tee union III 32, control unit 33, working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34, temperature transducer VII 35 and pressure transducer V 36.
Embodiment
Be further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 pair of technical solutions of the utility model: the utility model is by temperature transducer I 1, pressure transducer I 2, condenser 3, working medium holding vessel 4, working medium pump 5, tee union I 6, working medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7, working medium nozzle I 8, solenoid valve I 9, working medium nozzle II 10, decompressor 11, pressure transducer II 12, temperature transducer II 13, preheater 14, preprocessor 15, tee union II 16, flow control valve 17, temperature transducer III 18, pressure transducer III 19, temperature transducer IV 20, overcritical thermal accumulator 21, solenoid valve II 22, outlet pipe 23, cross hot vaporizer 24, temperature transducer V 25, motor 26, working medium circulation duct 27, temperature transducer VI 28, pressure transducer IV 29, solenoid valve III 30, solenoid valve IV 31, tee union III 32, control unit 33, working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34, temperature transducer VII 35 and pressure transducer V 36 form.
The utility model provides a kind of overcritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine bottoming cycle using waste heat from tail gas comprehensive utilization device, and wherein decompressor 11 communicates with solenoid valve I 9; Described solenoid valve I 9 is connected with condenser 3; Wherein temperature transducer I 1 and pressure transducer I 2 are arranged on condenser 3; Described condenser 3, working medium holding vessel 4 are connected in series with working medium pump 5; Described working medium pump 5 is connected with working medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7, preheater 14 respectively by tee union I 6; Working medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 is connected with working medium nozzle I 8; Tee union I 6, preheater 14 and tee union II 16 are connected in series, and wherein pressure transducer II 12 and temperature transducer II 13 are arranged on preheater 14; Tee union II 16, solenoid valve II 22, excessively hot vaporizer 24, solenoid valve IV 31 and tee union III 32 are connected in series, and wherein temperature transducer VI 28 and pressure transducer IV 29 were arranged on hot vaporizer 24; Tee union II 16, flow control valve 17, overcritical thermal accumulator 21, solenoid valve III 30 and tee union III 32 are connected in series, and wherein temperature transducer IV 20 and pressure transducer III 19 are arranged on overcritical thermal accumulator 21; Described tee union III 32, working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 and working medium nozzle II 10 are connected in series; Working medium nozzle I 8 and working medium nozzle II 10 communicate with decompressor 11 respectively; Temperature transducer VII 35 and pressure transducer V 36 are arranged on decompressor 11; Motor 26, mistake hot vaporizer 24, overcritical thermal accumulator 21, preprocessor 15 and preheater 14 are connected in series; Temperature transducer III 18 is installed on outlet pipe 23 pipeline section between overcritical thermal accumulator 21 and preprocessor 15; Temperature transducer V 25 is installed on motor 26 and crosses on outlet pipe 23 pipeline section between hot vaporizer 24.
Main target and the process of overcritical accumulation of heat module are summarized as follows:
One, accumulation of heat/stablize thermal source quality: 1) initial accumulation of heat, setting supercritical state regenerator temperature, pressure (super critical point temperature working medium does not liquefy, and supercritical pressure promotes working medium energy storage density) is calculated according to engines tail gaseity and reprocessing demand; When exhaust temperature is lower than reducing ORC system caloric receptivity during critical temperature, fully ensure the heat of overcritical thermal accumulator 21; After exhaust temperature is higher than critical temperature, introduce a small amount of working medium again, so circulation is until temperature, pressure all reach the state of setting; 2) accumulation of heat again: when after the heat release of overcritical thermal accumulator 21 constant volume, inside temperature, pressure can be starkly lower than set condition, this limit ORC system acting ability, the overcritical thermal accumulator 21 of preferential guarantee heat until reach set condition; 3), quantitative dynamically accumulation of heat/part supercritical steam cycle stable system energy figure: when overcritical thermal accumulator 21 being in set condition for avoiding the too high heat exchange loss of subcritical ORC system evaporator, making heat absorber and use rationally strengthening the hot vaporizer 24 overcritical thermal accumulator 21 under prerequisite that recepts the caloric; The overcritical working medium of part, doing work together with working medium with secondary superheater enters decompressor, realizes part supercritical steam cycle, to promote energy figure; Corresponding control guarantee thermal accumulator amount of stored heat and in stable condition by cold working medium increment.
Two, exothermic process/reprocessing inlet temperature controls: when motor real time exhaust gas temperature stops ORC system works lower than during accumulation of heat setting temperature scope, in overcritical thermal accumulator 21 working medium with the spontaneous reverse heat transfer of supercritical state constant volume exothermic process to tail gas.When accumulation of heat Temperature of Working is down to below critical point temperature, working medium can reach specific saturation state and occur saturated exothermic process, now working medium has a large amount of latent heat of vaporization releasings, realize the long-acting stability contorting of preprocessor 15 inlet temperature, thus reprocessing inlet temperature is controlled in efficient window.
Working stage: the exhaust of motor 26 was passed through hot vaporizer 24, overcritical thermal accumulator 21, preprocessor 15 and preheater 14 and is discharged in environment.Cold working medium in working medium holding vessel 4 enters the pipeline at working medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 and preheater 14 place respectively under the effect of working medium pump 5 through tee union I 6, wherein cold working medium absorbs exhaust gas heat intensification after flowing to preheater 14.
When tail gas real-time waste heat energy can not meet the setting accumulation of heat demand of the heat demand of preprocessor 15 and overcritical thermal accumulator 21, this device enters initial heat storage state, now ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 33 shut electromagnetic valve II 22, solenoid valve III 30 and solenoid valve IV 31, open flow control valve 17; Working medium enters overcritical thermal accumulator 21 by tee union II 16, flow control valve 17 after preheater 14 heats, but because now exhaust energy is lower, in overcritical thermal accumulator 21, the shortage of heat of working medium savings is with the inlet temperature of stable preprocessor 15, and overcritical thermal accumulator 21 experiences the process of initial accumulation of heat-heat release-accumulation of heat-heat release again.
When tail gas real-time waste heat energy can meet the setting accumulation of heat demand of the heat demand of preprocessor 15 and overcritical thermal accumulator 21, this device enters overcritical quantitative accumulation of heat and subcritical ORC state, now ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 33 shut electromagnetic valve III 30, opens solenoid valve II 22, solenoid valve IV 31 and flow control valve 17, working medium is after preheater 14 heats, part working medium enters overcritical thermal accumulator 21 by tee union II 16, flow control valve 17, because now delivery temperature is higher, working medium experience supercritical heated temperature-rise period in overcritical thermal accumulator 21, the heat now utilizing working medium to put aside carrys out the inlet temperature of stable preprocessor 15, another part working medium entered continuation heat absorption intensification in hot vaporizer 24 through solenoid valve II 22 became hot working fluid, working medium is again through solenoid valve IV 31, tee union III 32 enters the pipeline at working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 place, the start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 and endurance, make to cross hot working fluid in right amount and spray into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle II 10, the hot working fluid of crossing spraying into decompressor 11 fully expands, the start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 and endurance, cold working medium sprays into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle I 8, temperature in decompressor 11 is reduced, hot working fluid liquefies in a large number, decompressor 11 internal pressure declines, realize the latent heat of vaporization to make full use of, the start-up time of control unit 33 Controlling solenoid valve I 9 and endurance, thus smoothly working medium is discharged, gaseous state and the liquid working medium that coexists until enter in condenser 3 is just liquefied completely, and the cryogenic fluid of complete post liquefaction enters in working medium holding vessel 4, and so far working medium experiences a circulation.
When tail gas real-time waste heat energy not only can meet the heat demand of preprocessor 15 and the setting accumulation of heat demand of overcritical thermal accumulator 21 but also can meet efficient subcritical ORC, this device enters overcritical dynamic accumulation of heat, subcritical and overcritical ORC state, and now ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 33 opens solenoid valve II 22, solenoid valve III 30, solenoid valve IV 31 and flow control valve 17; After working medium flows through preheater 14 heating, part working medium enters overcritical thermal accumulator 21 by tee union II 16, flow control valve 17, because now delivery temperature is very high, working medium experience supercritical heated temperature-rise period in overcritical thermal accumulator 21, the heat now utilizing working medium to put aside has been enough to the inlet temperature of stable preprocessor 15 and has also had larger surplus, and the excessive heat working medium in overcritical thermal accumulator 21 enters the pipeline at working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 place by solenoid valve III 30, tee union III 32; Another part working medium entered in hot vaporizer 24 through solenoid valve II 22 and continues heat absorption intensification and became hot working fluid, and working medium enters the pipeline at working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 place again through solenoid valve IV 31, tee union III 32; Now the ducted hot working fluid of crossing at working medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 place is made up of two-part, a part be flow through the working medium of hot vaporizer 24, another part is the working medium flowing through overcritical thermal accumulator 21; The start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 and endurance, make to cross hot working fluid in right amount and spray into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle II 10, the hot working fluid of crossing spraying into decompressor 11 fully expands, the start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 and endurance, cold working medium sprays into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle I 8, and temperature in decompressor 11 is reduced, and hot working fluid liquefies in a large number, decompressor 11 internal pressure declines, and realizes the latent heat of vaporization and makes full use of; The start-up time of control unit 33 Controlling solenoid valve I 9 and endurance, thus smoothly working medium is discharged, gaseous state and the liquid working medium that coexists until enter in condenser 3 is just liquefied completely, and the cryogenic fluid of complete post liquefaction enters in working medium holding vessel 4, and so far working medium experiences a circulation.
The start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve II 34 and endurance, make to spray into decompressor 11 by the appropriate hot working fluid of crossing of working medium nozzle II 10, the hot working fluid of crossing spraying into decompressor 11 fully expands, the start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 and endurance, cold working medium sprays into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle I 8, and temperature in decompressor 11 is reduced, and hot working fluid liquefies in a large number, decompressor 11 internal pressure declines, and realizes the latent heat of vaporization and makes full use of, in traditional organic Rankine bottoming cycle, working medium is all complete liquefaction process within the condenser, so just have lost the latent heat of vaporization of working medium, limit the lifting of ORC heat merit conversion efficiency, and the liquefaction process of hot working fluid is divided into two stages in the utility model, first stage completes in decompressor 11, the hot working fluid of crossing now spraying into decompressor 11 fully expands, the start-up time of control unit 33 controlled medium injection electromagnetic valve I 7 and endurance, cold working medium sprays into decompressor 11 by working medium nozzle I 8, temperature in decompressor 11 is reduced, hot working fluid liquefies in a large number, but some working medium of this fashion is gaseous state to be liquefied, the start-up time of control unit 33 Controlling solenoid valve I 9 and endurance, gaseous state and liquid working medium are discharged smoothly, working medium enters the liquefaction process that condenser 3 completes second stage, and so far working medium is liquefied cooling completely, two benches liquefaction process of the present utility model makes the latent heat of vaporization of hot working fluid obtain utilization, so just reaches and improves the heat to power output efficiency of organic Rankine bottoming cycle and the beneficial effect of energy saving.
Utilize heat exchanger (preheater 14, overcritical thermal accumulator 21, excessively hot vaporizer 24) to achieve the beneficial effect of the energy interchange of post-processing temperature control and the low-quality energy and organic working medium in the utility model, by this principle, plate type heat exchanger, shell-and-tube heat exchanger, double pipe heat exchanger and tube-sheet heat exchanger etc. all can realize this beneficial effect in actual applications; Utilize decompressor 11 to achieve the beneficial effect utilizing thermal power transfer to be mechanical energy in the utility model, adopt radial-inflow turboexpaner, axial-flow turbine decompressor, piston expansion engine, scroll expansion machine, vane rotary expanders, screw type expansion machine, three-apexed rotor decompressor and cycloid decompressor etc. can realize this beneficial effect in actual applications by this principle; Utilize the lower organic working medium of boiling point fully can absorb heat in the utility model, at lower pressure (about 0.2 ~ 1.5MPa), lower temperature (100 DEG C, even 40 ~ 50 DEG C) just can be vaporizated into steam, all can realize this beneficial effect by this principle organic working medium (as R134a, R22, R32, R227ea, R143a, R218, RC318 and R152a etc.) that boiling point is lower under mark condition in actual applications.
Claims (1)
1. overcritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine bottoming cycle using waste heat from tail gas comprehensive utilization device, it is primarily of temperature transducer I (1), pressure transducer I (2), condenser (3), working medium holding vessel (4), working medium pump (5), tee union I (6), working medium injection electromagnetic valve I (7), working medium nozzle I (8), solenoid valve I (9), working medium nozzle II (10), decompressor (11), pressure transducer II (12), temperature transducer II (13), preheater (14), preprocessor (15), tee union II (16), flow control valve (17), temperature transducer III (18), pressure transducer III (19), temperature transducer IV (20), overcritical thermal accumulator (21), solenoid valve II (22), outlet pipe (23), cross hot vaporizer (24), temperature transducer V (25), motor (26), working medium circulation duct (27), temperature transducer VI (28), pressure transducer IV (29), solenoid valve III (30), solenoid valve IV (31), tee union III (32), control unit (33), working medium injection electromagnetic valve II (34), temperature transducer VII (35) and pressure transducer V (36) form, wherein decompressor (11) communicates with solenoid valve I (9), described solenoid valve I (9) is connected with condenser (3), wherein temperature transducer I (1) and pressure transducer I (2) are arranged on condenser (3), described condenser (3), working medium holding vessel (4) and working medium pump (5) are connected in series, described working medium pump (5) is connected with working medium injection electromagnetic valve I (7), preheater (14) respectively by tee union I (6), working medium injection electromagnetic valve I (7) is connected with working medium nozzle I (8), tee union I (6), preheater (14) and tee union II (16) are connected in series, and wherein pressure transducer II (12) and temperature transducer II (13) are arranged on preheater (14), tee union II (16), solenoid valve II (22), excessively hot vaporizer (24), solenoid valve IV (31) and tee union III (32) are connected in series, and wherein temperature transducer VI (28) and pressure transducer IV (29) were arranged on hot vaporizer (24), tee union II (16), flow control valve (17), overcritical thermal accumulator (21), solenoid valve III (30) and tee union III (32) are connected in series, and wherein temperature transducer IV (20) and pressure transducer III (19) are arranged on overcritical thermal accumulator (21), described tee union III (32), working medium injection electromagnetic valve II (34) and working medium nozzle II (10) are connected in series, working medium nozzle I (8) and working medium nozzle II (10) communicate with decompressor (11) respectively, temperature transducer VII (35) and pressure transducer V (36) are arranged on decompressor (11), motor (26), excessively hot vaporizer (24), overcritical thermal accumulator (21), preprocessor (15) and preheater (14) are connected in series, temperature transducer III (18) is installed on outlet pipe (23) pipeline section between overcritical thermal accumulator (21) and preprocessor (15), temperature transducer V (25) is installed on motor (26) and crosses on outlet pipe (23) pipeline section between hot vaporizer (24).
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104712403A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-17 | 吉林大学 | Supercritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine cycle exhaust afterheat comprehensive utilization device |
| CN105822386A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-03 | 吉林大学 | Internal combustion engine exhaust temperature control device capable of achieving sectional pressure and temperature adjustment |
| CN110030051A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-19 | 吉林大学 | Pressure accumulation type recessiveness expands low-quality energy and utilizes system |
| CN113757768A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-07 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Box type high-temperature tail gas waste heat heating device |
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2015
- 2015-03-16 CN CN201520147893.2U patent/CN204476527U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104712403A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-17 | 吉林大学 | Supercritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine cycle exhaust afterheat comprehensive utilization device |
| CN104712403B (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-12-07 | 吉林大学 | Supercritical heat accumulating type organic Rankine bottoming cycle waste heat from tail gas comprehensive utilization device |
| CN105822386A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-03 | 吉林大学 | Internal combustion engine exhaust temperature control device capable of achieving sectional pressure and temperature adjustment |
| CN110030051A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-19 | 吉林大学 | Pressure accumulation type recessiveness expands low-quality energy and utilizes system |
| CN110030051B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-09-28 | 吉林大学 | Pressure-accumulating concealed expansion low-quality energy utilization system |
| CN113757768A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-07 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Box type high-temperature tail gas waste heat heating device |
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