CN107057880A - 石墨烯抗菌复合液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

石墨烯抗菌复合液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107057880A
CN107057880A CN201710272308.5A CN201710272308A CN107057880A CN 107057880 A CN107057880 A CN 107057880A CN 201710272308 A CN201710272308 A CN 201710272308A CN 107057880 A CN107057880 A CN 107057880A
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graphene
complex liquid
graphene antibiosis
antibiosis
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沙嫣
沙晓林
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Nantong Johnson Graphene Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种石墨烯抗菌复合液及其制备方法，所述复合液包括以下重量百分含量的各组分：阴离子表面活性剂5％‑20％；非离子表面活性剂3％‑15％；抗再沉积组分5％‑10％；增稠剂1％‑10％；乳化剂1％‑15％；石墨烯粉末0.1％‑1％；色素0.1％‑0.7％，香料0.1％‑0.5％，余量为水。该石墨烯抗菌复合液通过纳米微囊技术将石墨烯与表面活性剂接枝，使功能性石墨烯镶嵌在表面活性剂上，利用石墨烯纳米微囊形成“纳米刀”破坏细菌、螨虫细胞结构。本发明复合液石墨烯和表面活性剂具有协同作用，实现抗菌、防螨功能，相对于市面上现有的抗菌剂和防螨剂，该石墨烯抗菌复合液具有绿色、环保、无毒的优点。

Description

石墨烯抗菌复合液及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及复合液制备技术领域，尤其是涉及一种石墨烯抗菌复合液及其制备方法。
背景技术
经济的发展和科技的进步不仅促进了生活水平的提高，随之而来的还有严重的污染和尘埃，例如各类食品、油烟、添加剂等。为此，人们对整洁、卫生的要求也在普遍提高。尤其是对于洗涤用的日化用品，人们不但要求其具备高效的去污能力，而且要求洗涤用品具备皮肤刺激性小、能有效抗菌、以及安全健康等诸多性能。现有的洗涤用品中，人们潜心研究了多种洗涤剂，如石化洗涤剂、植物洗涤剂、海洋生物洗涤剂以及多功能复合洗涤剂等。然而，现有技术仍然存在诸多缺陷，例如冲洗用水量大、抗菌性能不佳、且不具备防螨效果等。
石墨烯是一种由碳原子以Sp2杂化方式形成的蜂窝状平面薄膜，是一种只有一个原子层厚度的准二维材料，所以又叫做单原子层石墨。石墨烯是由英国曼彻斯特大学物理学家安德烈·盖姆和康斯坦丁·诺沃肖洛夫，用微机械剥离法成功从石墨中分离得到，是目前发现的最薄、强度最大、导电导热性能最强的一种新型纳米材料。石墨烯的抗菌性能于2010年被中国科学院上海应用物理研究所首次证实。国外专家揭示了石墨烯破坏细菌细胞膜的机制，相比于传统的无机、有机抗菌剂，石墨烯基本没有细胞毒性，更适合与人体皮肤直接接触。根据国内外专家研究石墨烯的抗菌机理主要有两种方式，一种是通过破坏细胞膜完整性，引起细菌结构的破坏和功能的紊乱；另外一种是通过与微生物相互作用后进入微生物体内，使微生物自由基代谢平衡失调，导致生物膜和大分子物质发生纸质过氧化损伤，从而达到抑菌效果。但由于单层石墨烯制备工艺难度大，多层石墨烯分散稳定性差，因此尚未有将石墨烯用于洗涤剂的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷，提供一种石墨烯抗菌复合液及其制备方法。该广谱超强抗菌型复合液中添加了石墨烯，通过纳米微囊技术将石墨烯与表面活性剂反应生成石墨烯纳米微囊，石墨烯纳米微囊对细菌和真菌都具有较强的抗菌率，同时还具有防螨功能。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
本发明提供了一种石墨烯抗菌复合液，包括以下重量百分含量的各组分：
优选地，所述的石墨烯抗菌复合液，包括以下重量百分含量的各组分：
优选地，所述阴离子表面活性剂为直链烷基苯磺酸钠盐(LAS)、α-烯烃磺酸盐(AOS)、脂肪醇硫酸盐(FAS)、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸盐(MES)及脂肪醇醚硫酸盐(AES)中的一种或几种。
更优选地，所述阴离子表面活性剂为正己醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、月桂酸钠。
优选地，所述非离子表面活性剂是脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO)、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物(MEE)、烷基糖苷(APG)、烷基酚聚乙烯醚(APE)中的一种或几种。
更优选地，所述阴离子表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO)、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物(MEE)、烷基糖苷(APG)中的一种或两种。
优选地，所述石墨烯粉末是由氧化还原法制备得到，片层厚度是0.3-2nm。根据结构表征本发明制备得到的石墨烯为单层石墨烯，而且能够长期稳定的分散在水溶液中。若片层厚度太大石墨烯聚集现象严重，影响分散性，而且会影响纳米刀反应效率。
优选地，所述抗再沉积组分为聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯亚胺、共聚丙烯酸-苯乙烯中的一种或几种；所述增稠剂为四合一增稠剂；所述乳化剂为全能乳化剂。
本发明还提供了一种石墨烯抗菌复合物的制备方，包括以下步骤：
S1、将阴离子表面活性剂、石墨烯粉末搅拌和水混合，搅拌进行反应；
S2、向经步骤S1反应后的溶液中加入非离子表面活性剂、抗再沉积组分、乳化剂、色素、香料、增稠剂、水后搅拌，即得石墨烯抗菌复合液。
优选地，步骤S1中所述搅拌时间为3-8h，搅拌转速为30-100rpm；反应温度为60-75℃。
优选地，步骤S2中所述搅拌时间为1-5h，搅拌转速为30-100rpm。
本发明还提供了一种石墨烯抗菌复合液在制备洗涤用品中的应用，所述洗涤用品包括洗衣液、洗发水、洗手液、沐浴露、洗洁精、洗衣膏、洗面奶。
本发明石墨烯抗菌复合液通过纳米微囊技术将石墨烯与阴离子表面活性剂接枝，使功能性石墨烯镶嵌在阴离子表面活性剂上，利用石墨烯纳米微囊形成“纳米刀”破坏细菌、螨虫细胞结构。本发明复合液石墨烯和阴离子表面活性剂具有协同作用，实现抗菌、防螨功能，相对于市面上现有的抗菌剂和防螨剂，该石墨烯抗菌复合液具有绿色、环保、无毒的优点。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：
1.本发明石墨烯抗菌复合液中主要起抗菌、防螨作用的成分是石墨烯，它相比于传统的无机、有机抗菌剂和防螨剂，基本没有细胞毒性，具有绿色、环保的优点；
2.本发明石墨烯抗菌复合液功效多，抑菌菌谱广，对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念球菌都有显著的抑菌效果，同时具有防螨功能；
3.本发明石墨烯抗菌复合液用途广泛，可用于婴幼儿衣物、成人内衣、外衣，及床上用品，满足消费者衣物清洗及功能要求。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：
图1为本发明所述石墨烯抗菌复合液的合成机理图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1-7
实施例1-7提供了一种石墨烯抗菌复合液，其各组分及重量含量如表1所示。其制备方法如下：
S1、将阴离子表面活性剂、石墨烯粉末搅拌和水混合，搅拌进行反应；
S2、向经步骤S1反应后的溶液中加入非离子表面活性剂、抗再沉积组分、乳化剂、色素、香料、增稠剂、水后搅拌，即得石墨烯抗菌复合液。
步骤S1中所述搅拌时间为3-8h，搅拌转速为30-100rpm；反应温度为60-75℃。
步骤S2中所述搅拌时间为1-5h，搅拌转速为30-100rpm。
本实施例所述石墨烯与表面活性剂，纳米微囊技术制备得到纳米微囊，制备机理如图1所示。
实施例8
本实施例提供了一种石墨烯抗菌复合液，其各组分及重量含量与实施例4基本相同，不同之处仅在于：本实施例中采用的阴离子表面活性剂为十八烷基苯磺酸钠盐。
对比例1-3
本对比例1-3提供了一种石墨烯抗菌复合液，其各组分及重量百分含量如表1所示。其制备方法与实施例1相同。
表1
效果验证：
将上述实施例和对比例制备的抗菌复合液根据QB/T 2738-2012方法进行抗菌性能试验，测试抗菌率，结果见表2；参照纺织品GB/T 24253-2009方法进行除螨效果的测试，结果见表2。
表2抗菌率测试
从上述测试结果可以看出，本发明中制得石墨烯抗菌复合液在洗涤过程中，石墨烯和表面活性剂具有协同作用，利用石墨烯纳米微囊形成的“纳米刀”破坏细菌、螨虫细胞结构，从而达到抗菌、防螨功效。
本发明具体应用途径很多，以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式。应当指出，以上实施例仅用于说明本发明，而并不用于限制本发明的保护范围。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进，这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种石墨烯抗菌复合液，其特征在于，包括以下重量百分含量的各组分：
2.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯抗菌复合液，其特征在于，包括以下重量百分含量的各组分：
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的石墨烯抗菌复合液，其特征在于，所述阴离子表面活性剂为直链烷基苯磺酸钠盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、脂肪醇硫酸盐、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸盐或脂肪醇醚硫酸盐中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的石墨烯抗菌复合液，其特征在于，所述非离子表面活性剂是脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物、烷基糖苷、烷基酚聚乙烯醚中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的石墨烯抗菌复合液，其特征在于，所述石墨烯粉末是由氧化还原法制备得到，片层厚度是0.4-2nm。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的石墨烯抗菌复合液，其特征在于，所述抗再沉积组分为聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯亚胺、共聚丙烯酸-苯乙烯中的一种或几种；所述增稠剂为四合一增稠剂；所述乳化剂为全能乳化剂。
7.一种根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的石墨烯抗菌复合液的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、将阴离子表面活性剂、石墨烯粉末搅拌和水混合，搅拌进行反应；
S2、向经步骤S1反应后的溶液中加入非离子表面活性剂、抗再沉积组分、乳化剂、色素、香料、增稠剂、水后搅拌，即得石墨烯抗菌复合液。
8.根据权利要求7所述的石墨烯抗菌液的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中所述搅拌时间为3-8h，搅拌转速为30-100rpm；反应温度为60-75℃。
9.根据权利要求8所述的石墨烯抗菌液的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中所述搅拌时间为1-5h，搅拌转速为30-100rpm。
10.一种根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的石墨烯抗菌复合液在制备洗涤用品中的应用，所述洗涤用品包括洗衣液、洗发水、洗手液、沐浴露、洗洁精、洗衣膏、洗面奶。
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