CN107053535B - Integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating materials from plastics - Google Patents
Integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating materials from plastics Download PDFInfo
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- CN107053535B CN107053535B CN201710232192.2A CN201710232192A CN107053535B CN 107053535 B CN107053535 B CN 107053535B CN 201710232192 A CN201710232192 A CN 201710232192A CN 107053535 B CN107053535 B CN 107053535B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B17/0412—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to large particles, e.g. beads, granules, flakes, slices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
- B29B2017/0015—Washing, rinsing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating water materials for plastics, which comprises a crushing device, a cleaning and separating device and a dehydrating device which are sequentially arranged along the material conveying direction; the cleaning and separating device comprises a water tank, one end of the water tank close to the crushing device is a feeding area, and a discharge hole of the crushing device is positioned above the feeding area; one end of the water tank close to the dehydration device is a discharging area; the water tank is internally provided with a mesh screen groove and a stirring cleaner, the water tank is provided with a large-volume deposited water impurity separation area at a feeding area, the large-volume deposited water impurity separation area is connected with a first circular arc mesh screen groove unit along the conveying direction of materials, the bottom of the large-volume deposited water impurity separation area is provided with a first water spray pipe, and a spray head of the first water spray pipe faces to the inner end face of the feeding area of the water tank and is obliquely and upwards arranged; the device has the advantage that the purity of the recovered sinking water material is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to waste plastic recycling equipment, in particular to an integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating water materials of plastics.
Background
With the increasing environmental pollution and energy shortage, recycling of waste plastics is becoming more and more important. In the recycling process of waste plastics, the crushed material fragments are often required to be cleaned. The cleaning of the material is carried out in a cleaning medium which is arranged in a water tank, the material with the density higher than that of the cleaning medium is called floating material, and the material with the density lower than that of the cleaning medium is called sinking material. In the existing cleaning device for the submerged materials, the materials to be treated are usually put into a water tank, the materials are stirred by a screw and conveyed forwards, and impurities such as silt and the like adhered to the surfaces of the materials are cleaned. The cleaning device for the settled material has the following defects: 1. the impurities cleaned cannot be discharged in time, and are easy to adhere to the materials again, so that the cleaning effect is influenced. 2. The cleaned impurities are conveyed forward along with the cleaning medium and the materials, and the impurities are mixed in the whole cleaning medium, so that the materials cleaned in the earlier stage can be stained with the impurities again.
The invention patent application with the application publication number of CN 105291304A discloses a PET bottle recycling production line and a process, the invention patent application with the application publication number of CN105289833A discloses a device for synchronously cleaning and separating floating and sinking mixed materials, the two applications both disclose a cleaning and separating device for cleaning and separating the floating and sinking materials, the cleaning and separating device comprises a water tank, a stirring cleaner, a mesh screen groove and a floating material separating mechanism, wherein the stirring cleaner and the mesh screen groove are arranged in the water tank, the mesh screen groove is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of arc-shaped mesh screen groove units with upward openings in series along the horizontal direction, the stirring cleaner is arranged above each arc-shaped mesh screen groove unit and comprises a rotating shaft and a stirring plate arranged on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft of each stirring cleaner is connected with a stirring cleaning driving mechanism; the floating material separation mechanism is arranged at the rear section of the water tank and comprises a plurality of separation plates which are arranged in parallel, the separation plates span the upper part of the water tank, and the plate surfaces of the separation plates are obliquely arranged from bottom to top along the flowing direction of the materials; the lower end of the partition plate is positioned above the stirring cleaner, and the upper end of the partition plate is lower than the liquid level of the cleaning medium. The cleaning and separating device has the following effects: 1. the synchronous cleaning and separation of the submerged material and the floating material are realized, manual sorting in advance is not needed, manpower can be greatly saved, the treatment efficiency is improved, and the cost of the recovery and regeneration process is reduced. The cleaning device is particularly suitable for cleaning and separating body fragments and bottle caps of broken PET bottles. 2. Through setting up the material separating mechanism that floats in the back end of basin, let the anterior segment mainly used of basin stir the separation and wash the material, the back end then mainly used makes the separation of material and the heavy water material of floating, shortens the horizontal stroke of material and the heavy water material come-up of floating and sinking, has improved the effect of separation for divide the worker around the whole separation technology of wasing, mutually support, realize going on in step of wasing and separating high-efficiently.
However, the above cleaning and separating device has the following disadvantages in actual production:
when the cleaning and separating device works, after materials to be treated enter the initial end of the water tank, submerged materials and submerged impurities can gradually settle into the circular arc-shaped mesh screen tank units, the submerged materials and the submerged impurities are stirred by the stirring and cleaning device, most of the impurities (such as silt and the like) are separated out due to the fact that the impurities are smaller than the sieve holes of the circular arc-shaped mesh screen tank units, the submerged materials are transferred from the previous circular arc-shaped mesh screen tank unit to the next circular arc-shaped mesh screen tank unit due to the fact that the impurities are larger than the sieve holes of the circular arc-shaped mesh screen tank units, cleaning is achieved in the transferring process, however, the materials to be treated are often mixed with the submerged impurities with the sizes larger than the sieve holes of the circular arc-shaped mesh screen tank units, such as large-size stones, large-size metals and the like, the submerged impurities cannot fall from the sieve holes of the circular arc-shaped mesh screen tank units, and are transferred forward together with the submerged materials and finally output together with the submerged materials, so that the recovered submerged impurities still contain large-size impurities, and the quality of the recovered submerged materials is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an integrated device for crushing and cleaning plastic and separating impurities and sinking and floating materials, which not only can automatically crush and clean the waste plastic and separate the impurities, the sinking materials and the floating materials, but also can dehydrate the recovered sinking materials and the floating materials, and the separation of the impurities is more thorough, and the purity of the recovered sinking materials is higher.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating water materials for plastics comprises a crushing device, a cleaning and separating device and a dehydrating device which are sequentially arranged along the material conveying direction;
the cleaning and separating device comprises a water tank, one end of the water tank close to the crushing device is a feeding area, and a discharge hole of the crushing device is positioned above the feeding area; one end of the water tank close to the dehydration device is a discharging area which is respectively provided with a floating material outlet and a sinking material outlet from top to bottom; a mesh screen groove and a stirring cleaner are arranged in the water tank, wherein the mesh screen groove is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of circular arc mesh screen groove units with upward openings in series along the horizontal direction, a stirring cleaner is arranged above each circular arc mesh screen groove unit and comprises a rotating shaft and a stirring plate arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft of each stirring cleaner is connected with a stirring cleaning driving mechanism, and the tail end of the last circular arc mesh screen groove unit is smoothly connected with the submerged material outlet; the water tank is provided with a floating material poking and conveying mechanism; the method is characterized in that:
the basin is equipped with bulky heavy water impurity separation zone in feeding area department, and along the direction of delivery of material, this bulky heavy water impurity separation zone is connected with first circular arc mesh screen groove unit, and the bottom of this bulky heavy water impurity separation zone is equipped with first spray pipe, and the shower nozzle of this first spray pipe sets up upwards towards the interior terminal surface and the slope of the feeding area of basin.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first circular arc guide plate is disposed on a side edge of the first circular arc mesh screen groove unit close to the large-volume sinking water impurity separation region, the first circular arc guide plate is tangent to the first circular arc mesh screen groove unit, an arc opening of the first circular arc guide plate is inclined downward, and a space between an upper edge of the first circular arc guide plate and an inner end of the feeding region of the water tank forms a large-volume sinking water impurity settling opening; and a second circular arc-shaped material guide plate is arranged between the bottom of the water tank corresponding to the large-volume precipitated water impurity separation zone and the inner end surface of the feeding zone of the water tank, and the circular arc opening of the second circular arc-shaped material guide plate is inclined upwards.
In the above preferred embodiment, the first arc-shaped material guiding plate is arranged to guide the submerged material by using the upper side surface of the first arc-shaped material guiding plate, so that the submerged material can smoothly enter the first arc-shaped mesh screen trough unit, and to guide the cleaning solution by using the lower side surface of the first arc-shaped material guiding plate, so that the cleaning solution can more easily realize a circulating rotational flow; the second arc-shaped material guide plate is used for guiding water flow sprayed out of a water spraying opening of the first water spraying pipe and guiding the submerged materials, so that the water flow flows upwards and rolls, and is matched with the first arc-shaped material guide plate to guide the water flow to form a circulating rotational flow in the large-volume submerged impurity separation area.
According to a preferable scheme of the invention, the crushing device comprises a rack, a material conveying belt and a crusher are arranged on the rack, wherein the tail end of the material conveying belt is connected with a material hopper of the crusher; the discharge hopper of the crusher is obliquely arranged downwards and faces the large-volume submerged impurity separation zone; a screen is arranged in the crusher. The material conveyer belt is utilized to convey materials to be processed into the crusher for crushing, a screen is arranged in the crusher, and the materials with the volume meeting the requirements after crushing can be output from the discharge hopper and enter the water tank.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dewatering device includes a submerged material dewatering device connected to the submerged material outlet through a first pipeline and a floating material dewatering device connected to the floating material outlet through a second pipeline, wherein one end of the first pipeline connected to the submerged material outlet is higher than one end of the first pipeline connected to the submerged material dewatering device, and one end of the second pipeline connected to the floating material outlet is higher than one end of the second pipeline connected to the floating material dewatering device. In this preferred scheme, sink water material and float water material after the washing are dehydrated respectively through sink water material dewatering device and float water material dewatering device, wherein, the structure that first pipeline and second pipeline one end are high, one end is low is favorable to the material to enter into dewatering device automatically.
Preferably, the dewatering device for the sinking material is a vertical dewatering machine and comprises a shell, a middle bearing, a spiral blade and a driving mechanism, wherein the middle bearing is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the shell, the spiral blade is connected with the middle bearing, the driving mechanism drives the spiral blade to rotate, the spiral blade is arranged in the shell, the shell comprises a first sealing shell positioned below the liquid level of the water tank, a first opening is formed in the bottom of the first sealing shell, and the first opening forms a feed inlet of the vertical dewatering machine; the shell still includes the foraminiferous filter screen of annular that is located above the basin liquid level and overlaps in the outside sealed shell of foraminiferous filter screen of annular, the bottom of sealed shell of second is equipped with the honeycomb duct that is used for drainage cleaning medium to the basin in, and the top of this sealed shell of second is equipped with the second opening, and this second opening links to each other with the connecting pipe and constitutes the discharge gate of vertical hydroextractor.
The working principle of the vertical dehydrator is as follows: before the water tank works, a first opening positioned at the bottom of a first sealing shell is connected with a submerged material outlet in the water tank through a first pipeline to form a communicating vessel, so that the water level in the first sealing shell is consistent with the water level in the water tank; because the first pipeline is obliquely arranged towards the first opening, the fragments of the sinking material can smoothly enter the bottom of the first sealed shell through the first pipeline;
the during operation, helical blade begins rotatoryly under actuating mechanism's drive, drive the heavy water material piece upward movement, because foraminiferous filter screen of annular and the sealed shell of second are established above the liquid level, consequently when heavy water material piece upward movement leaves the liquid level and arrives on the annular filter screen, because centrifugal force acts on, the cleaning medium who is stained with on the heavy water material piece can break away from the heavy water material piece, pass foraminiferous filter screen of annular and fall on the sealed shell of second, at last flow into the basin from the honeycomb duct of the sealed shell bottom of second, and like this, along with the heavy water material piece constantly rises, this dehydration operation constantly goes on, the heavy water material piece after accomplishing the dehydration at last is seen off from the discharge gate. The advantages of using this preferred scheme are: the dewatering device has the advantages that the dewatering task of the submerged material is completed while the submerged material fragments are conveyed out of the water tank, the structure is simple, and the design is ingenious.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of conical sediment funnels are disposed at the bottom of the water tank, and the sediment funnels are located below the mesh screen groove; each conical sediment funnel is provided with a discharge outlet. The conical sediment funnel is used for collecting impurities falling from the mesh screen groove conveniently and discharging the impurities in a concentrated mode through the discharge port.
Preferably, in the conical sediment funnel corresponding to the large-volume sediment water impurity separation zone, the second arc-shaped guide plate is connected between the conical sediment funnel and the inner end surface of the feeding zone of the water tank, and two ends of the second arc-shaped guide plate are respectively tangent to the conical sediment funnel and the inner end surface of the feeding zone of the water tank. This is advantageous not only to direct the water flow upwards, but also to direct large volumes of sediment water impurities to collect in the conical sediment hopper.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second water spraying pipe is disposed above the feeding area of the water tank, and a spraying head of the second water spraying pipe faces the discharging area of the water tank. During operation, the second water spray pipe continuously sprays the cleaning medium into the water tank, and the function of the second water spray pipe is that on one hand, the cleaning medium in the second water spray pipe can enable the cleaning medium in the water tank to form a water flow moving towards the discharge area of the water tank, so that the floating material can move from the feeding area of the water tank to the discharge area of the water tank along the water flow direction; on the other hand, the cleaning medium in the water tank is supplemented, so that the cleaning medium can overflow from the second pipeline, and the floating water can smoothly fall into the floating water dehydrating device under the action of the thrust and the buoyancy of the water flow.
According to a preferable scheme of the invention, a floating material poking and conveying mechanism is arranged above the water tank, the floating material poking and conveying mechanism comprises a transmission chain in a closed structure, chain wheels arranged at two ends of the transmission chain and a material driving power mechanism connected with the chain wheels, a plurality of material driving plates are arranged on the transmission chain, and the material driving plates positioned on the lower part of the transmission chain extend into the cleaning medium. The floating material poking and conveying mechanism is arranged to drive the floating materials floating upwards to move forwards so as to prevent the floating materials from being accumulated; the working principle of the floating material poking and conveying mechanism is as follows: the material driving power mechanism drives the transmission chain to continuously and circularly operate through the chain wheel, the material driving plate positioned below the transmission chain extends into the liquid level, and the floating material is stirred to move forwards.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating shafts of the stirring cleaners arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction are connected through a chain transmission mechanism, the rotating shafts of the two stirring cleaners located in the middle are connected to the output shaft of a gear box through the chain transmission mechanism, the gear box is connected with a driving motor, and the chain transmission mechanism, the gear box and the driving motor form the stirring cleaning driving mechanism. When the stirring cleaning device works, the driving motor drives the gearbox to move, the gearbox drives the two stirring cleaners in the middle to move through the chain transmission mechanism, and then the two stirring cleaners drive all the stirring cleaners to rotate through the chain transmission mechanism, so that the stirring cleaners can rotate under the driving of one driving motor, and the structure of the whole device is simpler, more convenient and more compact.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the device works, waste plastics are put into the crushing device for crushing, and after crushing, the waste plastics fall into the large-volume deposited water impurity separation zone of the feeding zone of the water tank from the discharge port of the crushing device in a flake shape; in the large-volume sinking water impurity separation area, water flow sprayed out of a spray head of a first spray pipe flows upwards in an inclined mode towards the inner end face of the feeding area of the water tank, the water flow can form circular flow under the blocking of the inner end face of the feeding area of the water tank and the guiding of the outer circular arc face of the first circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove unit, so that circular rotational flow is formed in the large-volume sinking water impurity separation area, sinking water, floating water and small-volume sinking water impurities entering the large-volume sinking water impurity separation area can roll upwards and finally enter an area above the circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove unit under the action of the rotational flow, and large-volume sinking water impurities are gradually settled downwards due to large weight, so that large-volume sinking water impurities are separated out in the large-volume sinking water impurity separation area firstly.
The sinking material, the floating material and the small-volume sinking water impurities which enter the upper part of the circular arc mesh screen groove unit continuously flow forwards, wherein the sinking material and the small-volume sinking water impurities gradually fall into the circular arc mesh screen groove unit, and the floating material floats to the liquid level; the sinking water materials and small-volume sinking water impurities falling into the circular arc mesh screen groove units are scattered by water flow under the stirring of the stirring cleaner, floating water materials and small-volume sinking water impurities adhered to the sinking water materials are separated, the floating water materials float upwards, and the small-volume sinking water impurities fall from the mesh holes of the circular arc mesh screen groove units; under the action of the stirring cleaner, the sinking material fragments are stirred from the previous circular arc mesh screen groove unit to the next circular arc mesh screen groove unit for repeated cleaning, so that the sinking material fragments are gradually cleaned after being cleaned by the circular arc mesh screen groove units;
and then, dehydrating the sinking material fragments moving to the sinking material outlet end and the floating material fragments moving to the floating material outlet end through dehydration devices respectively to finish the treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the integrated device for crushing and cleaning plastics and separating impurities and sinking and floating water materials separates large-volume sinking water impurities before cleaning the sinking water materials, so that the impurities are separated more thoroughly, and the purity of the recovered sinking water materials is higher.
2. The integrated device for crushing, cleaning, separating impurities and sinking and floating water materials for plastics has high automation degree, and can automatically complete the tasks of crushing, cleaning, separating and dehydrating the waste plastics.
3. The device for integrated plastic crushing, cleaning, impurity separation and water sinking and floating has the advantages of simple structure, good cleaning effect, coordination and cooperation among all the structures, and capability of efficiently completing the tasks of crushing, cleaning, separating and dehydrating the waste plastics with high quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1-3 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of the integrated device for plastic crushing, cleaning, separating impurities and floating materials of the present invention, wherein fig. 1 is a front view, fig. 2 is a top view, and fig. 3 is a left view.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cleaning and separating device in the integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and floating materials of plastics shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dehydration device in the integrated plastic crushing, cleaning, impurity separating and floating material settling device shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating material poking mechanism in the integrated plastic crushing, cleaning, impurity separating and floating material sinking device shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating water materials for plastics comprises a crushing device 1, a cleaning and separating device 2 and a dewatering device 3 which are sequentially arranged along the material conveying direction.
The cleaning and separating device 2 comprises a water tank 2-1, one end of the water tank 2-1, which is close to the crushing device 1, is a feeding area 2-2, and a discharging port 1-1 of the crushing device 1 is positioned above the feeding area 2-2; one end of the water tank 2-1 close to the dewatering device 3 is a discharging area 2-3, and the discharging area 2-3 is respectively provided with a floating material outlet 2-31 and a sinking material outlet 2-32 from top to bottom; a mesh screen groove 2-4 and a stirring cleaner 2-5 are arranged in the water tank 2-1, wherein the mesh screen groove 2-4 is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of arc-shaped mesh screen grooves 2-41 with upward openings in series along the horizontal direction, a stirring cleaner 2-5 is arranged above each arc-shaped mesh screen groove 2-41, each stirring cleaner 2-5 comprises a rotating shaft 2-51 and a stirring plate 2-52 arranged on the rotating shaft 2-51, the rotating shaft 2-51 of each stirring cleaner 2-5 is connected with a stirring cleaning driving mechanism 2-53, and the tail end of the last arc-shaped mesh screen groove 2-42 is smoothly connected with the sinking material outlet 2-32; the water tank 2-1 is provided with a floating material poking and conveying mechanism 2-6.
The water tank is provided with a large-volume deposited water impurity separation area 2-7 at the feeding area 2-2, the large-volume deposited water impurity separation area 2-7 is connected with a first circular arc mesh screen groove 2-43 along the conveying direction of materials, the bottom of the large-volume deposited water impurity separation area 2-7 is provided with a first water spray pipe 2-71, and a spray head of the first water spray pipe 2-71 faces the inner end surface 2-21 of the feeding area 2-2 of the water tank and is arranged obliquely upwards.
Referring to fig. 4, a first circular arc-shaped guide plate 2-44 is arranged on the side edge of the first circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove 2-43 close to the large-volume sinking water impurity separation zone 2-7, the first circular arc-shaped guide plate 2-44 is tangent to the first circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove 2-43, the circular arc opening of the first circular arc-shaped guide plate 2-44 is inclined downwards, and a large-volume sinking water impurity settling opening is formed in the space between the upper edge of the first circular arc-shaped guide plate 2-44 and the inner end surface 2-21 of the feeding zone 2-2 of the water tank; a second circular arc-shaped material guide plate 2-45 is arranged between the bottom of the water tank 2-1 corresponding to the large-volume precipitated water impurity separation zone 2-7 and the inner end surface 2-21 of the feeding zone 2-2 of the water tank, and the circular arc opening of the second circular arc-shaped material guide plate 2-45 is inclined upwards. The first circular arc-shaped material guide plates 2-44 are arranged to guide the submerged materials by utilizing the upper side surfaces of the first circular arc-shaped material guide plates 2-44 so that the submerged materials can smoothly enter the first circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove 2-43, and to guide the cleaning liquid by utilizing the lower side surfaces of the first circular arc-shaped material guide plates 2-44 so that the cleaning liquid can realize circulating rotational flow more easily; the second circular arc-shaped material guide plates 2-45 are arranged for guiding water flow sprayed from the water spraying ports of the first water spraying pipes 2-71 and guiding the submerged materials, so that the water flow flows upwards and rolls, and the water flow is matched with the first circular arc-shaped material guide plates 2-44 to guide the water flow to form a circulating rotational flow in the large-volume submerged impurity separation area 2-7.
Referring to fig. 1, the crushing device 1 comprises a frame 1-2, a material conveyer belt 1-3 and a crusher 1-4 are arranged on the frame 1-2, wherein the tail end of the material conveyer belt 1-3 is connected with a material hopper 1-41 of the crusher 1-4; the discharge hopper 1-42 of the crusher 1-4 is obliquely arranged downwards, and the discharge hopper 1-42 of the crusher 1-4 faces the large-volume precipitated impurity separation zone 2-7; the crusher 1-4 is internally provided with a screen mesh 1-43. The materials to be processed are conveyed to the crusher 1-4 by the material conveying belt 1-3 to be crushed, and the crushed materials with the volume meeting the requirement are output from the discharge hopper 1-42 to the water tank 2-1 through the screen 1-43.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the dewatering device 3 includes a sinking material dewatering device 3a connected to the sinking material outlet 2-32 through a first pipe 3-1 and a floating material dewatering device 3b connected to the floating material outlet 2-31 through a second pipe 3-2, wherein one end of the first pipe 3-1 connected to the sinking material outlet 2-32 is higher than one end connected to the sinking material dewatering device 3a, and one end of the second pipe 3-2 connected to the floating material outlet 2-31 is higher than one end connected to the floating material dewatering device 3 b. Therefore, the cleaned sinking material and floating material are respectively dehydrated through the sinking material dehydrating device 3a and the floating material dehydrating device 3b, wherein the structure that one end of the first pipeline 3-1 and one end of the second pipeline 3-2 are high and the other end is low is beneficial to the automatic entering of the materials into the dehydrating device 3.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the dewatering device 3a for the sinking material is a vertical dewatering machine, and comprises a housing 3-3, a middle bearing 3-4 arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the housing 3-3, a helical blade 3-5 connected with the middle bearing 3-4, and a driving mechanism 3-6 for driving the helical blade 3-5 to rotate, wherein the helical blade 3-5 is arranged in the housing 3-3, the housing 3-3 comprises a first sealed housing 3-31 positioned below the liquid level of the water tank 2-1, the bottom of the first sealed housing 3-31 is provided with a first opening 3-32, and the first opening 3-32 forms a feed inlet of the vertical dewatering machine; the shell 3-3 also comprises an annular perforated filter screen 3-33 positioned above the liquid level of the water tank 3-7 and a second sealed shell 3-34 sleeved outside the annular perforated filter screen 3-33, the bottom of the second sealed shell 3-34 is provided with a guide pipe 3-35 used for guiding a cleaning medium into the water tank 2-1, the top of the second sealed shell 3-34 is provided with a second opening 3-36, and the second opening 3-36 is connected with a connecting pipe to form a discharge hole of the vertical dehydrator.
The working principle of the vertical dehydrator is as follows: before working, the first opening 3-32 at the bottom of the first sealed shell 3-31 is connected with the submerged material outlet 2-32 in the water tank 2-1 through the first pipeline 3-31 to form a communicating vessel, so that the water level in the first sealed shell 3-31 is consistent with the water level in the water tank 2-1; since the first pipe 3-1 is obliquely placed toward the first opening 3-32, the fragments of the sinking material can smoothly enter the bottom of the first hermetic container 3-31 through the first pipe 3-1;
when the device works, the spiral blades 3-5 are driven by the driving mechanism 3-6 to rotate to drive the sinking material fragments to move upwards, and the annular perforated filter screen 3-33 and the second sealed shell 3-34 are arranged above the liquid level, so that when the sinking material fragments move upwards to leave the liquid level and reach the annular filter screen 3-33, the cleaning medium attached to the sinking material fragments can be separated from the sinking material fragments under the action of centrifugal force, pass through the annular perforated filter screen 3-33 and fall onto the second sealed shell 3-34, and finally flow into the water tank 2-1 from the flow guide pipe 3-35 at the bottom of the second sealed shell 3-34, so that the dewatering operation is continuously carried out along with the continuous rising of the sinking material fragments, and finally the sinking material fragments after dewatering treatment are sent out from the discharge port. Therefore, the dewatering task of the sinking material is completed while the sinking material fragments are conveyed out of the water tank 2-1, and the dewatering device is simple in structure and ingenious in design.
Referring to fig. 4, the bottom of the water tank 2-1 is provided with a plurality of conical sediment hoppers 2-8 which are positioned below the mesh screen tank; each conical sediment funnel 2-8 is provided with a discharge outlet 2-81. The conical settling funnel 2-8 is provided to collect the impurities falling from the mesh screen groove 2-4 and to discharge them through the discharge opening 2-81.
Referring to fig. 4, in the conical sediment hopper 2-8 corresponding to the large-volume precipitated water impurity separation zone 2-7, the second arc-shaped guide plate 2-45 is connected between the conical sediment hopper 2-8 and the inner end surface 2-21 of the feeding zone 2-2 of the water tank, and two ends of the second arc-shaped guide plate 2-45 are respectively tangent to the conical sediment hopper 2-8 and the inner end surface 2-21 of the feeding zone 2-2 of the water tank. This is advantageous not only to direct the water flow upwards, but also to direct large volumes of sediment water impurities to collect in the conical sediment hoppers 2-8.
Referring to fig. 4, a second water spraying pipe 2-9 is arranged above the feeding area 2-2 of the water tank, and the spray head of the second water spraying pipe 2-9 faces the discharging area 2-3 of the water tank. In operation, the second water jet 2-9 continuously sprays cleaning medium into the water tank 2-1, and the effect is that, on the one hand, the cleaning medium in the second water jet 2-9 can make the cleaning medium in the water tank 2-1 form a water flow moving towards the discharge area 2-3 of the water tank, so that floating water can move from the feed area 2-2 of the water tank to the discharge area 2-3 of the water tank along the water flow direction; on the other hand, the cleaning medium in the water tank 2-1 is supplemented, so that the cleaning medium can overflow from the second pipeline 3-2, and the floating water can fall into the floating water dehydrating device 3b more smoothly under the action of the thrust and the buoyancy of the water flow.
Referring to fig. 6, a floating material poking and conveying mechanism 2-6 is arranged above the water tank 2-1, the floating material poking and conveying mechanism 2-6 comprises a transmission chain 2-61 in a closed structure, chain wheels 2-62 arranged at two ends of the transmission chain 2-61 and a material driving power mechanism 2-63 connected with the chain wheels 2-62, a plurality of material driving plates 2-64 are arranged on the transmission chain 2-61, and the material driving plates 2-64 positioned on the lower portion of the transmission chain 2-61 extend into a cleaning medium. The floating material poking and conveying mechanisms 2-6 are arranged to drive the floating materials floating upwards to move forwards and prevent the floating materials from being accumulated; the working principle of the floating material poking and conveying mechanism 2-6 is as follows: the material driving power mechanism 2-63 drives the transmission chain 2-61 to continuously and circularly operate through the chain wheel 2-62, and the material driving plate 2-64 positioned below the transmission chain 2-61 extends into the liquid level to drive the floating material to move forwards.
Referring to fig. 4, rotating shafts 2-51 of a plurality of stirring washers 2-5 which are arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction are connected through a chain transmission mechanism, the rotating shafts 2-51 of the two stirring washers 2-5 which are positioned in the middle are connected to an output shaft of a gear box 2-55 through the chain transmission mechanism, the gear box 2-55 is connected with a driving motor 2-54, and the chain transmission mechanism, the gear box 2-55 and the driving motor 2-54 form the stirring washer driving mechanism 2-52. When the device works, the driving motors 2-54 drive the gear boxes 2-55 to move, the gear boxes 2-55 drive the two stirring washers located in the middle to move through the chain transmission mechanisms, and then the two stirring washers drive all the stirring washers 2-5 to rotate through the chain transmission mechanisms, so that all the stirring washers 2-5 can rotate under the driving of one driving motor 2-54, and the structure of the whole device is simpler, more convenient and more compact.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the working principle of the present invention is: when the device works, waste plastics are put into the crushing device 1 for crushing, and after crushing, the waste plastics fall into the large-volume water-settling impurity separation zone 2-7 of the feeding zone 2-2 of the water tank from the discharge port 1-1 of the crushing device 1 in a flake shape; in the large-volume sinking water impurity separation zone 2-7, the water flow sprayed out from the spray head of the first spray pipe 2-71 flows upwards in an inclined way towards the inner end surface 2-21 of the feeding zone 2-2 of the water tank, under the blocking of the inner end surface of the feeding zone 2-2 of the water tank and the guiding of the outer arc surface of the first circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove 2-43, the water flow forms a circular flow, so that a circular rotational flow is formed in the large-volume sinking water impurity separation zone 2-7, under the action of the rotational flow, the sinking water material, the floating water material and the small-volume sinking water impurity entering the large-volume sinking water impurity separation zone 2-7 roll upwards and finally enter the area above the first circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove 2-43, and the large-volume sinking water impurity is gradually settled downwards due to large weight, so that the large-volume sinking water impurity is firstly separated out in the large-volume sinking water impurity separation zone 2-7.
The sinking material, the floating material and the small-volume sinking water impurities which enter the upper parts of the circular arc-shaped mesh screen grooves 2-41 continuously flow forwards, wherein the sinking material and the small-volume sinking water impurities gradually fall into the first circular arc-shaped mesh screen grooves 2-43, and the floating material floats to the liquid level; the sinking water material and small-volume sinking water impurities falling into the first circular arc-shaped net sieve groove 2-43 are scattered by water flow under the stirring of the stirring cleaner 2-5, the floating water material and small-volume sinking water impurities adhered to the sinking water material are separated, the floating water material floats upwards, and the small-volume sinking water impurities fall from the sieve pores of the circular arc-shaped net sieve groove 2-41; under the action of the stirring cleaner 2-5, the fragments of the sinking material are stirred to the next circular arc mesh screen groove unit from the previous circular arc mesh screen groove unit for repeated cleaning, so that the fragments of the sinking material are gradually cleaned after being cleaned by the plurality of circular arc mesh screen grooves 2-41;
then, the fragments of the sinking material moving to the end of the sinking material outlet 2-32 and the fragments of the floating material moving to the end of the floating material outlet 2-31 are dehydrated by a dehydrating device 3 respectively, and the treatment is finished.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating water materials for plastics comprises a crushing device, a cleaning and separating device and a dehydrating device which are sequentially arranged along the material conveying direction;
the cleaning and separating device comprises a water tank, one end of the water tank close to the crushing device is a feeding area, and a discharge hole of the crushing device is positioned above the feeding area; one end of the water tank close to the dehydration device is a discharging area which is respectively provided with a floating material outlet and a sinking material outlet from top to bottom; a mesh screen groove and a stirring cleaner are arranged in the water tank, wherein the mesh screen groove is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of circular arc mesh screen groove units with upward openings in series along the horizontal direction, a stirring cleaner is arranged above each circular arc mesh screen groove unit and comprises a rotating shaft and a stirring plate arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft of each stirring cleaner is connected with a stirring cleaning driving mechanism, and the tail end of the last circular arc mesh screen groove unit is smoothly connected with the submerged material outlet; the water tank is provided with a floating material poking and conveying mechanism; the method is characterized in that:
the water tank is provided with a large-volume deposited water impurity separation area at the feeding area, the large-volume deposited water impurity separation area is connected with the first circular arc mesh screen tank unit along the conveying direction of materials, the bottom of the large-volume deposited water impurity separation area is provided with a first water spray pipe, and a spray head of the first water spray pipe faces the inner end face of the feeding area of the water tank and is obliquely and upwards arranged;
the water flow sprayed by the spray head of the first water spray pipe flows upwards in an inclined mode towards the inner end face of the feeding area of the water tank, and forms a circulating flow under the blocking of the inner end face of the feeding area of the water tank and the guiding of the arc face on the outer side of the first circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove unit, so that a circulating rotational flow is formed in the large-volume settled water impurity separation area, and the settled water, the floating water and the small-volume settled water impurities entering the large-volume settled water impurity separation area can roll upwards and finally enter an area above the circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove unit under the action of the rotational flow, and the large-volume settled water impurities gradually settle downwards due to large weight;
a first circular arc-shaped guide plate is arranged on the side edge of the first circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove unit close to the large-volume sinking water impurity separation area, the first circular arc-shaped guide plate is tangent to the first circular arc-shaped mesh screen groove unit, the circular arc opening of the first circular arc-shaped guide plate is inclined downwards, and a large-volume sinking water impurity settling opening is formed in a space between the upper edge of the first circular arc-shaped guide plate and the inner end of the feeding area of the water tank; and a second circular arc-shaped material guide plate is arranged between the bottom of the water tank corresponding to the large-volume precipitated water impurity separation zone and the inner end surface of the feeding zone of the water tank, and the circular arc opening of the second circular arc-shaped material guide plate is inclined upwards.
2. The integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating water materials for plastics according to claim 1, wherein the crushing device comprises a frame, a material conveying belt and a crusher are arranged on the frame, and the tail end of the material conveying belt is connected with a material hopper of the crusher; the discharge hopper of the crusher is obliquely arranged downwards and faces the large-volume submerged impurity separation zone; a screen is arranged in the crusher.
3. The integrated plastic crushing, cleaning, impurity separating, sinking and floating material separating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dewatering device comprises a sinking material dewatering device connected with the sinking material outlet through a first pipeline and a floating material dewatering device connected with the floating material outlet through a second pipeline, wherein one end of the first pipeline connected with the sinking material outlet is higher than one end connected with the sinking material dewatering device, and one end of the second pipeline connected with the floating material outlet is higher than one end connected with the floating material dewatering device.
4. The integrated device for crushing, cleaning, separating impurities and sinking and floating water materials for plastics according to claim 3, wherein the device for dehydrating the sinking and floating water materials is a vertical dehydrator and comprises a shell, a middle bearing arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the shell, a helical blade connected with the middle bearing and a driving mechanism for driving the helical blade to rotate, wherein the helical blade is arranged in the shell, the shell comprises a first sealed shell positioned below the liquid level of the water tank, the bottom of the first sealed shell is provided with a first opening, and the first opening forms a feed inlet of the vertical dehydrator; the shell still includes the foraminiferous filter screen of annular that is located above the basin liquid level and overlaps in the outside sealed shell of foraminiferous filter screen of annular, the bottom of sealed shell of second is equipped with the honeycomb duct that is used for drainage cleaning medium to the basin in, and the top of this sealed shell of second is equipped with the second opening, and this second opening links to each other with the connecting pipe and constitutes the discharge gate of vertical hydroextractor.
5. The integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating water materials for plastics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the water tank is provided with a plurality of conical sediment funnels which are positioned below the mesh screen groove; each conical sediment funnel is provided with a discharge outlet.
6. The integrated apparatus for plastic crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating water as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the cone-shaped sediment hopper corresponding to the large-volume sediment impurity separation zone, the second circular arc-shaped guide plate is connected between the cone-shaped sediment hopper and the inner end face of the feeding zone of the water tank, and two ends of the second circular arc-shaped guide plate are respectively tangent to the cone-shaped sediment hopper and the inner end face of the feeding zone of the water tank.
7. The integrated plastic crushing, cleaning, impurity separating and water sinking and floating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a second water spraying pipe is arranged above the feeding area of the water tank, and a spraying head of the second water spraying pipe faces the discharging area of the water tank.
8. The integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and sinking and floating materials for plastics according to claim 1, wherein a floating material stirring mechanism is arranged above the water tank, the floating material stirring mechanism comprises a transmission chain in a closed structure, chain wheels arranged at two ends of the transmission chain and a material driving power mechanism connected with the chain wheels, a plurality of material driving plates are arranged on the transmission chain, and the material driving plates positioned on the lower part of the transmission chain extend into the cleaning medium.
9. The integrated device for crushing, cleaning and separating impurities and floating materials in plastics according to claim 1, wherein rotating shafts of the stirring cleaners which are sequentially arranged in the horizontal direction are connected through a chain transmission mechanism, the rotating shafts of the two stirring cleaners which are positioned in the middle are connected to an output shaft of a gearbox through the chain transmission mechanism, the gearbox is connected with a driving motor, and the chain transmission mechanism, the gearbox and the driving motor form the stirring cleaning driving mechanism.
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| CN108673786B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2020-10-27 | 安徽三江建设工程有限公司 | Construction waste treatment method |
| CN108544688B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2021-01-15 | 安徽爱信自动化机械有限公司 | Waste plastic recovery device |
| CN109676830A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-26 | 南通市第一人民医院 | A kind of hospital's plastic degradation device |
| CN110561653A (en) * | 2019-08-17 | 2019-12-13 | 临武县华湘再生资源回收有限公司 | waste plastic covered wire recycling and processing equipment |
| CN112474738B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2024-02-09 | 广东致顺化工环保设备有限公司 | Fine classification process and system for recycling resident garbage |
| CN114012939B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-11-18 | 浙江盛唐环保科技有限公司 | Wet processing technology for improving purity of plastic |
| CN114290574A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-08 | 云南昆船环保技术有限公司 | Broken cleaning system of waste plastic |
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