CN111567828A - Raisin cleaning device and raisin cleaning method thereof - Google Patents
Raisin cleaning device and raisin cleaning method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111567828A CN111567828A CN202010497422.XA CN202010497422A CN111567828A CN 111567828 A CN111567828 A CN 111567828A CN 202010497422 A CN202010497422 A CN 202010497422A CN 111567828 A CN111567828 A CN 111567828A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/02—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for washing or blanching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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Abstract
The invention provides a raisin cleaning device which comprises a complete machine support, a feeding mechanism, a rinsing mechanism, a light impurity directional removing mechanism, a pipeline conveying cleaning mechanism, a heavy impurity removing mechanism, a draining mechanism and a high-pressure clear water cleaning mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a conical fixed cylinder, a rotary cage and a first driving motor; the rinsing mechanism comprises a first spraying pipe, a first vibrating screen and a first water collecting tank; the light impurity directional removing mechanism comprises a water injection pipe, a cleaning pool, a collecting guide plate and a jet mechanism, and the pipeline conveying and cleaning mechanism comprises a second water pump and a variable speed cleaning pipe; the heavy impurity removing mechanism comprises a speed reduction chute, an inverted V-shaped speed reduction plate and a sand discharge pipe; the draining mechanism comprises a second vibrating screen, a second water collecting tank and a water collecting tank. The invention also provides a method for cleaning raisin by using the cleaning device. By utilizing the cleaning device and the cleaning method, the raisin can be cleaned with high quality and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a raisin cleaning device and a raisin cleaning method thereof.
Background
Raisins are the famous Chinese Turpan geographical sign products, because Turpan is a famous hot area in China, in the basin, the surrounding of high mountains around the grape is high, the heat is increased rapidly, the heat dissipation is slow, the characteristics of long sunshine, high temperature, large temperature difference between day and night, less precipitation and strong wind power are formed, and the Turpan dry fruits are the only dry fruit products which can be naturally dried in a short time in the world just in the unique arid desert climate of the warm area. Although the drying is rapid, the severe natural environment and the too rapid natural drying mode also cause the raisins to form too many folds in the dehydration process, a large amount of sand grains and soil particles with the diameter larger than 0.1mm exist in the folds, and a thin soil film layer with the diameter smaller than 0.1mm is formed on the surface. Because the raisins are characterized by containing more sugar and being slightly moist, the impurities can be firmly fixed on the surfaces of the raisins due to moisture absorption of the sugar, and particularly, sand grains in the folds are very difficult to clean. At present, a great part of raisins are not cleaned and directly enter manufacturers, the manufacturers can only clean themselves in order to meet the requirements of downstream high-end markets, the cleaning mode is manual cleaning and mechanical cleaning, but the production efficiency is not high, and the secondary pollution is easily caused. At present, most of factories adopt a cleaning mode of a horizontal rotary cylinder body, which has great defects that firstly, raisins form material accumulation on the rotary cylinder body and are fed forwards by the rotation of the cylinder body, the skins of the raisins are easy to be damaged by friction, meanwhile, the raisins cannot be cleaned when the materials are too thick due to unidirectional spraying on the accumulated materials, further, in order to ensure that meshes of sprayed water leaking out are easy to block holes due to impurities such as grape skins, grape stalks and the like, so that the surfaces of the raisins are stuck with other grape skins and fine sand particles which cannot be detected (particularly, the raisins are stained with fine sand after the skins are broken by friction and cannot be cleaned), the raisins can be used within a period of time after production, the grapes are not cleaned completely, secondary pollution is very serious, and oil leakage and product pollution are easy to cause due to the fact that a bearing driving the rotary cylinder body is arranged above a feeding plate and a discharging plate, meanwhile, due to the influence of water flow of water spraying, the bearing is easy to enter water and becomes invalid, the bearing needs to be frequently replaced, the labor and the time are wasted, secondary pollution can be caused to products, and the problem that the bearing is easy to decompose or settle when meeting water like sheep manure and feathers cannot be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the raisin cleaning mode, and provides a brand-new raisin cleaning device and a raisin cleaning method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a raisin cleaning device comprises a complete machine support, a feeding mechanism, a rinsing mechanism, a light impurity directional cleaning mechanism, a pipeline conveying cleaning mechanism, a heavy impurity cleaning mechanism, a draining mechanism and a high-pressure clear water cleaning mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a conical fixed cylinder, a rotary cage and a first driving motor, the conical fixed cylinder is vertically fixed on the complete machine support, the rotary cage is sleeved in the conical fixed cylinder, the first driving motor is arranged above the conical fixed cylinder, the rotary cage can be driven to rotate by the first driving motor, and during the rotation process of the rotary cage, massive raisin clusters in the conical fixed cylinder can be extruded and decomposed, and the decomposed raisin can flow out of the interior of the rotary cage; the rinsing mechanism comprises a first spray pipe, a first vibrating screen and a first water collecting tank, the first vibrating screen is arranged below the conical fixed cylinder, the discharge end of the conical fixed cylinder is opposite to the feed end of the first vibrating screen, the first spray pipe stretches across the upper part of the first vibrating screen, the first spray pipe is adjacent to the feed end of the first vibrating screen, the first water collecting tank is arranged below the first vibrating screen, and the first water collecting tank is used for collecting water flow flowing out of the first vibrating screen; the directional light impurity clearing mechanism comprises a water injection pipe, a cleaning pool, a collecting guide plate and a jet flow mechanism, wherein an isolating screen is vertically and fixedly arranged in the cleaning pool, the upper part of the isolating screen is higher than the upper part of the cleaning pool, the cleaning pool is divided into a light impurity separation area and a water storage buffer area by the isolating screen, a material flowing out of the discharge end of the first vibrating screen can enter the light impurity separation area, a collecting pipe is arranged at the lower part of the light impurity separation area, the collecting guide plate is obliquely arranged in the light impurity separation area, the lower end of the collecting guide plate is adjacent to an inlet of the collecting pipe, the water injection pipe is used for injecting and flowing into the cleaning pool, an overflow water receiving guide groove is arranged at the periphery of the upper part of the light impurity separation area, and a water baffle plate is arranged at the periphery of the upper part of the water storage, the pipeline conveying and cleaning mechanism comprises a second water pump and variable-speed cleaning pipes, the variable-speed cleaning pipes are sequentially connected end to end, an included angle of an axis between every two adjacent cleaning pipes in a horizontal plane or a vertical plane is 90 degrees, and a water inlet of the second water pump is connected with the collecting pipe; the heavy impurity removing mechanism comprises a speed reduction chute, an inverted V-shaped speed reduction plate and a sand discharge pipe, the speed reduction chute is obliquely arranged on the whole machine support and is positioned above the conical fixed cylinder and the cleaning pool, the inclined high end of the speed reduction chute is positioned above the conical fixed cylinder, a plurality of inverted V-shaped speed reduction plates are arranged on an inner bottom plate of the speed reduction chute at equal intervals, a vertical plate of the inverted V-shaped speed reduction plate, which is opposite to the inclined high end of the speed reduction chute, is vertical to the inner bottom plate of the speed reduction chute, the sand discharge pipe is communicated with the inner part of the inclined low end of the speed reduction chute, the sand discharge pipe is used for intermittently conveying heavy impurities settled in the speed reduction chute, and the speed change cleaning pipe realizes the communication of a second water pump and the inclined high end of the speed reduction chute; the draining mechanism comprises a second vibrating screen, a second water collecting tank and a water collecting tank, the second vibrating screen is arranged on the whole machine support, water flow flowing out of the speed reduction chute can enter a feeding end of the second vibrating screen, the second water collecting tank and the water collecting tank are sequentially arranged below the second vibrating screen from top to bottom, water flow flowing out of the second vibrating screen enters the water collecting tank after flowing together through the second water collecting tank, and the first water pump sucks water from the middle upper part of the water collecting tank through a pipeline; the high-pressure clear water cleaning mechanism comprises a third vibrating screen, three high-pressure spray pipes and a third water collecting tank, the third vibrating screen is arranged on the whole machine support, materials flowing out of the second vibrating screen can enter the third vibrating screen, the three high-pressure spray pipes stretch over the third vibrating screen, and water flowing out of the third vibrating screen enters the water collecting tank through the third water collecting tank.
Preferably, a plurality of partition plates which are distributed at equal intervals are vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the conical fixed cylinder.
Further, first shale shaker includes one-level screen cloth and second screen cloth, one-level screen cloth and second grade screen cloth distribute from top to bottom in proper order, the one-level screen cloth is used for filtering cubic material the discharge end of one-level screen cloth sets up a guide plate, set up one on the curb plate of first shale shaker with the material export that the discharge end of guide plate is relative material exit sets up a blown down tank, and the second screen cloth is used for filtering first shower spun rivers.
Further, the variable-speed cleaning pipe comprises a first straight pipe, a second straight pipe, a third straight pipe, a fourth straight pipe, a fifth straight pipe, a sixth straight pipe, a seventh straight pipe and an eighth straight pipe, wherein the lengths of the second straight pipe, the third straight pipe, the fourth straight pipe, the fifth straight pipe, the sixth straight pipe, the seventh straight pipe and the eighth straight pipe are 1/6, 1/2, 3/10, 1/5, 9/10/, 3/10 and 1 time of the length of the first straight pipe respectively.
Furthermore, the included angle between the bottom plate of the speed reduction chute and the horizontal plane is alpha, and alpha is more than or equal to 25 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees.
Furthermore, an overflow pipe is arranged on one side of the upper part of the water collecting tank, and the water outlet end of the overflow pipe is positioned on the upper part of the water storage buffer area.
The invention also provides a method for cleaning raisin by using the cleaning device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing water injection; the water injection pipe continuously injects water flow into the cleaning pool, the first spray pipe and the high-pressure water spray pipe start to spray water, when a certain amount of water is reached in the cleaning pool and the water collecting tank, the first water pump and the second water pump are started, and then the water flow is recycled, and in the subsequent cleaning process, the upper water flow of the light impurity separation zone is ensured to be always in an overflow state;
s2, a rinsing stage; the first driving motor, the first vibrating screen, the second vibrating screen and the third vibrating screen are started, then raisins are continuously placed into the conical fixed cylinder, large raisins are decomposed into raisin particles or small raisins along with the continuous rotation of the rotating cage, the raisin particles and the small raisins enter the rotating cage, the raisins entering the rotating cage directly fall onto the first vibrating screen, and the raisins on the first vibrating screen are sprayed with running water when passing below the first spraying pipe in the continuous advancing process, so that the raisins are wetted, and the small raisins which are not thoroughly decomposed are filtered out through the primary screen in the wetting process;
s3, removing light impurities; the material flowing out of the first-level screen mesh directly enters the upper part of the light impurity separation area, some light impurities with lighter specific gravity float on the water surface, the moistened raisins and some heavy impurities with larger specific gravity directly sink to the bottom of the light impurity separation area, and under the continuous overflow of the water flow at the upper part of the light impurity separation area and the continuous jet flow action of the jet pipe, the floating light impurities enter the overflow water receiving guide groove along with the overflow water, so that the light impurities are removed;
s4, cleaning the pipeline; the second water pump is operated, raisins at the bottom of the light impurity separation zone and heavy impurities with large specific gravity are conveyed into the variable speed cleaning pipe, the water flow in the variable speed cleaning pipe continuously repeats the acceleration and deceleration processes, and the turbulence intensity of the water flow is large in the continuous acceleration and deceleration processes of the water flow, so that sand particles and dust attached to the surfaces of the raisins and in raisin folds are loosened and fall off, and further cleaning of the raisins is completed;
s5, settling heavy impurities; the water flow flowing out of the variable-speed cleaning pipe carries raisins and impurities with large specific gravity to enter the inclined high end of the speed reduction chute, the water flow passes through the speed reduction function of the speed reduction plate in the process of flowing of the water flow from the speed reduction chute, the flow speed of the water flow is reduced, so that heavy impurities with large specific gravity are successfully blocked by the speed reduction plate, the raisins flow out of the outlet of the speed reduction chute along with the water flow, the inlet of the sand discharge pipe is in a closed state in the cleaning process, and after the cleaning work is finished, the inlet of the sand discharge pipe is opened, so that the heavy impurities in the speed reduction chute are discharged to the outside from the sand discharge pipe, and then the speed reduction chute is prepared for the next cleaning work;
s6, draining; raisins flowing out of the speed reduction chute enter the second vibrating screen along with water flow, the water flow and the raisins are separated in the second vibrating screen, the water flow enters the water collection tank, and the raisins flow out of an outlet of the second vibrating screen;
s7, high-pressure water cleaning; the raisins flowing out of the second vibrating screen enter the third vibrating screen, and are sprayed and washed through the high-pressure spraying pipe in the flowing process of the raisins in the third vibrating screen, so that the raisins are cleaned, and the sprayed and washed raisins flow out of an outlet of the third vibrating screen.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cleaning device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to process, manufacture and produce; by utilizing the directional light impurity removing mechanism, the pipeline conveying and cleaning mechanism and the heavy impurity removing mechanism, the classification and staged effective cleaning of impurities are realized, so that the impurity cleaning quality of raisins is greatly improved, and the skins of the raisins are reserved and finished in the cleaning process, so that the problems of secondary pollution of the raisins and the like are avoided; by utilizing the draining mechanism, partial recycling of cleaning water can be realized, so that the water consumption is greatly reduced, and the cleaning cost of raisins is reduced; in the whole cleaning process, only manual auxiliary feeding is needed, and other processes do not need manual assistance, so that the manual labor cost is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the cleaning efficiency is favorably improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are part of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a directional light impurity removing mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a heavy impurity removal mechanism;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for cleaning raisins;
in the figure: 11 conical fixed cylinders, 12 rotating cages, 13 first driving motors, 21 first spray pipes, 22 first vibrating sieves, 23 first water collecting tanks, 31 water injection pipes, 32 cleaning pools, 321 isolating screens, 322 light impurity separating areas, 323 water storage buffer areas, 324 collecting pipes, 325 overflow water receiving guide grooves, 331 jet pipes, 332 first water pumps, 333 pipelines, 34 collecting guide plates, 41 second water pumps, 421 first straight pipes, 422 second straight pipes, 423 third straight pipes, 424 fourth straight pipes, 425 fifth straight pipes, 426 sixth straight pipes, 427 seventh straight pipes, 428 eighth straight pipes, 51 speed reduction chutes, 52 reverse V-shaped speed reduction plates, 53 sand discharge pipes, 61 second vibrating sieves, 62 second water collecting tanks, 63 water collecting tanks, 71 third vibrating sieves, 72 high-pressure spray pipes and 73 third water collecting tanks.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the specific embodiments and accompanying drawings 1-6, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The invention provides a raisin cleaning device (as shown in figure 1), which comprises a complete machine support (which is not drawn in the figure for keeping the figure clear), a feeding mechanism, a rinsing mechanism, a light impurity directional removing mechanism, a pipeline conveying and cleaning mechanism, a heavy impurity removing mechanism, a draining mechanism and a high-pressure clear water cleaning mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a conical fixed cylinder 11, a rotating cage 12 and a first driving motor 13, the conical fixed cylinder 11 is vertically fixed on the complete machine support, the rotating cage 12 is sleeved in the conical fixed cylinder 11, in the specific embodiment, the rotating cage 12 can be a cage body formed by vertically arranging stainless steel round steel bars with the diameter of 10mm, the center distance between the stainless steel round steel bars is 40mm, the strength of the cage body is improved, the stainless steel flat iron with the width of 20mm is added every 300mm along the height direction of the cage body, the first driving motor 13 is arranged above the conical fixed cylinder 11, and first driving motor 13 can drive rotatory cage 12 rotates, at rotatory cage 12 rotation in-process, can extrude the decomposition with cubic raisin group in the toper solid fixed cylinder 11 to make the raisin after the decomposition flow out from rotatory cage 12 is inside, in practical application, for the decomposition efficiency of cubic raisin in the toper solid fixed cylinder 11, here, vertically be provided with a plurality of equidistant distribution baffles 111 on the inside wall of toper solid fixed cylinder 11, the distance between baffles 111 is 40 mm. The width of the partition plate 111 is 10mm, the rinsing mechanism includes a first spray pipe 21, a first vibrating screen 22 and a first water collecting tank 23, the first vibrating screen is disposed below the conical fixed cylinder 11, the discharge end of the conical fixed cylinder 11 is opposite to the feed end of the first vibrating screen 22, the first spray pipe 21 spans above the first vibrating screen 22, and the first spray pipe 21 is adjacent to the feed end of the first vibrating screen 22, in practical application, the first spray pipe 21 always sprays water flow to wet raisins on the first vibrating screen 22, the first water collecting tank 23 is disposed below the first vibrating screen 22, the first water collecting tank 23 is used for collecting water flow flowing out of the first vibrating screen 22, in practical application, small clump-shaped raisins flowing out of the rotating cage 12 are conveniently separated, so as to improve the rinsing effect of the wetted raisins, here, make first shale shaker 22 includes one-level screen cloth 221 and second screen cloth, one-level screen cloth 221 and second grade screen cloth distribute from top to bottom in proper order, one-level screen cloth 221 is used for filtering cubic material the discharge end of one-level screen cloth 221 sets up a guide plate 222, set up one on the curb plate of first shale shaker 22 with the material export that the discharge end of guide plate 222 is relative material exit sets up a blown down tank, and the second screen cloth is used for filtering first shower 31 spun rivers.
The directional clearing mechanism for light impurities comprises a water injection pipe 31, a cleaning pool 32, a collecting guide plate 34 and a jet mechanism, wherein an isolation screen 321 is vertically and fixedly arranged in the cleaning pool 32, the upper part of the isolation screen 321 is higher than the upper part of the cleaning pool 32, the cleaning pool 32 is divided into a light impurity separation area 322 and a water storage buffer area 323 by the isolation screen 321, the material flowing out from the discharge end of the first vibrating screen 23 can enter the light impurity separation area 322, a collecting pipe 324 is arranged at the lower part of the light impurity separation area 322, the collecting guide plate 34 is obliquely arranged in the light impurity separation area 322, the lower end of the collecting guide plate 34 is adjacent to the inlet of the collecting pipe 324, the water injection pipe 31 is used for injecting and flowing into the cleaning pool 32, an overflow water receiving guide groove 325 is arranged at the periphery of the upper part of the light impurity separation area 322, in practical application, after water flow is continuously injected into the cleaning tank 32, the excessive water flow in the cleaning tank 32 overflows into the overflow water receiving guide groove 325 through the upper periphery of the light impurity separation region 322 and is guided and discharged through the overflow water receiving guide groove 325, the jet mechanism comprises a jet pipe 331 and a first water pump 332, the first water pump 332 is used for supplying water into the jet pipe 331, the outlet end of the jet pipe 331 is inclined to inject circulating water flow into the water storage buffer region 323, in the process that the jet pipe 331 is inclined to inject water flow into the upper portion of the water storage buffer region 323, the water flow at the upper portion of the water storage buffer region 323 is continuously moved to the upper portion 322 of the light impurity separation region 322 due to the influence of the water flow, so that the water flow at the upper portion of the light impurity separation region 322 is further continuously moved to overflow towards the overflow water receiving guide groove 325, in practical application, when light impurities (such as sheep manure, weeds or feathers) float on the upper portion of the light impurity separation zone 322, the light impurities are rapidly pushed into the overflow water receiving guide groove 325 under the pushing action of the water flow, so that the light impurities are removed, and heavy impurities with a higher specific gravity sink into the light impurity separation zone 322 and move to the vicinity of the inlet of the collecting pipe 324 through the collecting guide plate 34.
Pipeline transport wiper mechanism includes second water pump 41 and variable speed scavenge pipe, and the variable speed scavenge pipe end to end links gradually, and the axis between each adjacent scavenge pipe is 90 at the contained angle in horizontal plane or vertical plane, the water inlet of second water pump 41 with the collecting pipe 324 is connected, and in this embodiment, the embodiment of variable speed scavenge pipe is: the speed-changing cleaning pipe comprises a first straight pipe 421, a second straight pipe 422, a third straight pipe 423, a fourth straight pipe 424, a fifth straight pipe 425, a sixth straight pipe 426, a seventh straight pipe 427 and an eighth straight pipe 428, the lengths of the second straight pipe 422, the third straight pipe 423, the fourth straight pipe 424, the fifth straight pipe 425, the sixth straight pipe 426, the seventh straight pipe 427 and the eighth straight pipe 428 are 1/6, 1/2, 3/10, 1/5, 9/10/, 3/10 and 1 time of the length of the first straight pipe 421 respectively, in the cleaning process of the speed-changing cleaning pipe, the pressure and the flow speed of water flow carrying raisins are constantly changed in the process of flowing through the first straight pipe 421, the second straight pipe 422, the third straight pipe 423, the fourth straight pipe 424, the fifth straight pipe 425, the sixth straight pipe 426, the seventh straight pipe 427 and the eighth straight pipe 428, the turbulence intensity is high, and therefore, sand particles or dust attached to the surfaces or wrinkles of the raisins are loosened, further cleaning of impurities in the raisins is realized.
The heavy impurity removing mechanism comprises a speed reduction chute 51, an inverted V-shaped speed reduction plate 52 and a sand discharge pipe 53, wherein the speed reduction chute 51 is obliquely arranged on the whole machine support, the speed reduction chute 51 is positioned above the conical fixed cylinder 11 and the cleaning pool 31, in the specific embodiment, when the speed reduction chute 51 is fixedly arranged on the whole machine support, the included angle alpha (alpha is more than or equal to 25 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees) between the bottom plate of the speed reduction chute 51 and the horizontal plane can be set to be 28 degrees, the oblique high end of the speed reduction chute 51 is positioned above the conical fixed cylinder 11, a plurality of inverted V-shaped speed reduction plates 52 are arranged on the internal bottom plate of the speed reduction chute 51 at equal intervals, the vertical plate opposite to the oblique high end of the inverted V-shaped speed reduction plate 52 and the speed reduction chute 51 is vertical to the internal bottom plate of the speed reduction chute 51, the sand discharge pipe 53 is communicated with the interior of the oblique low end of the speed reduction chute 51, and the sand discharge pipe 53 is used for intermittently conveying the settled heavy impurities in the speed reduction chute 51, in the normal cleaning process of the speed reduction chute 51, the inlet of the sand discharge pipe 53 is in a closed state, after the cleaning work at a certain stage is finished, the inlet of the sand discharge pipe 53 is opened, and then the heavy impurities intercepted in the speed reduction chute 51 are discharged to the outside of the speed reduction chute 51 from the sand discharge pipe 53, so that the speed reduction chute 51 is ready for the next cleaning stage; the variable speed cleaning pipe realizes the penetration of the second water pump 41 and the inclined high end of the speed reduction chute 51.
The draining mechanism comprises a second vibrating screen 61, a second water collecting tank 62 and a water collecting tank 63, the second vibrating screen 61 is arranged on the whole machine support, water flowing out of the speed reduction chute 51 can enter a feeding end of the second vibrating screen 61, the second water collecting tank 62 and the water collecting tank 63 are sequentially arranged below the second vibrating screen 61 from top to bottom, the water flowing out of the second vibrating screen 61 enters the water collecting tank 63 after flowing through the second water collecting tank 62, a first water pump 332 sucks water from the middle upper portion of the water collecting tank 63 through a pipeline 333, and the raisins and mud are separated through the separation effect of the second vibrating screen 61 in the actual production process. In practical applications, in order to save water, an overflow pipe 631 is disposed at an upper side of the water collecting tank 63, and a water outlet end of the overflow pipe 631 is located at the upper portion 323 of the water storage buffer area.
The high-pressure clear water cleaning mechanism comprises a third vibrating screen 71, high-pressure spray pipes 72 and a third water collecting tank 73, the third vibrating screen 71 is arranged on the whole machine support, materials flowing out of the second vibrating screen 61 can enter the third vibrating screen 71, the three high-pressure spray pipes 72 stretch over the third vibrating screen 71, water flowing out of the third vibrating screen 71 enters the water collecting tank 63 through the third water collecting tank 73, the raisins roll ceaselessly under the action of the third vibrating screen 71 and the high-pressure water, the whole raisins are completely sprayed by the clean high-pressure water for many times, and only a small amount of mud is adhered to the raisins, so that the raisins are easily washed away by the clean water, and the mud and the raisins are completely separated.
The invention also provides a raisin cleaning method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing water injection; the water injection pipe 31 continuously injects water into the cleaning pool 32, the first spray pipe 21 and the high-pressure water spray pipe 72 start to spray water, when a certain amount of water is reached in the cleaning pool 32 and the water collection tank 63, the first water pump 332 and the second water pump 41 are started, so that the water flow is recycled, and in the subsequent cleaning process, the upper water flow of the light impurity separation zone 322 is ensured to be always in an overflow state;
s2, a rinsing stage; the first driving motor 13, the first vibrating screen 22, the second vibrating screen 61 and the third vibrating screen 71 are started, then the raisins are continuously placed into the conical fixed cylinder 11, along with the continuous rotation of the rotating cage 12, large raisins are decomposed into raisin particles or small raisins, the raisin particles and the small raisins enter the rotating cage 12, the raisins entering the rotating cage 12 directly fall onto the first vibrating screen 22, and the raisins on the first vibrating screen 22 are sprayed with running water in the continuous advancing process when passing through the lower part of the first spraying pipe 31, so that the raisins are wetted, and the small raisins which are not completely decomposed are filtered out through the primary screen 221 in the wetting process;
s3, removing light impurities; the material flowing out of the first-stage screen 221 directly enters the upper part of the light impurity separation area 322, some light impurities with lighter specific gravity (such as sheep manure, feather, weed and the like) float on the water surface, the wetted raisins and some heavy impurities with larger specific gravity directly sink to the bottom of the light impurity separation area 322, and under the continuous overflow of the water flow at the upper part of the light impurity separation area 322 and the continuous jet flow action of the jet pipe 331, the floating light impurities enter the overflow water receiving guide groove 325 along with the overflow water, so that the light impurities are removed;
s4, cleaning the pipeline; when the second water pump 41 is in operation, the raisins at the bottom of the light impurity separation zone 322 and the heavy impurities with larger specific gravity are conveyed into the variable speed cleaning pipe, the water flow in the variable speed cleaning pipe continuously repeats the acceleration and deceleration processes, and the turbulence intensity of the water flow is large in the continuous acceleration and deceleration processes of the water flow, so that sand particles and dust attached to the surfaces of the raisins and in raisin folds are loosened and fall off, and further cleaning of the raisins is completed;
s5, settling and removing heavy impurities; the water flow flowing out of the variable speed cleaning pipe carries raisins and heavy impurities with large specific gravity to enter the inclined high end of the speed reduction chute 51, in the process that the water flow flows from the speed reduction chute 51, the water flow passes through the speed reduction function of the speed reduction plate 52, the flow speed of the water flow is reduced, so that the heavy impurities with large specific gravity are successfully blocked by the speed reduction plate 52, the blocked impurities are kept in the speed reduction chute 51, the raisins flow out of the outlet of the speed reduction chute 51 along with the water flow, in the cleaning process, the inlet of the sand discharge pipe 53 is in a closed state, after the cleaning work at a certain stage is finished, the inlet of the sand discharge pipe 53 is opened, then the heavy impurities blocked in the speed reduction chute 51 are discharged to the outside of the speed reduction chute 51 from the sand discharge pipe 53, and the speed reduction chute 51 is ready for the next cleaning stage;
s6, draining; raisins flowing out of the speed reduction chute 51 enter the second vibrating screen 61 along with water flow, the water flow and the raisins are separated in the second vibrating screen 61, the water flow enters the water collecting tank 63, and the raisins flow out of an outlet of the second vibrating screen 61;
s7, high-pressure water cleaning; the raisins flowing out of the second vibrating screen 61 enter the third vibrating screen 71, and in the flowing process of the raisins in the third vibrating screen 71, the raisins are washed by spraying through the high-pressure spraying pipe 72, so that the washed raisins flow out of the outlet of the third vibrating screen 71, and then the washing process of the raisins is finished.
In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.
While the preferred embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A raisin cleaning device is characterized by comprising a complete machine support, a feeding mechanism, a rinsing mechanism, a light impurity directional cleaning mechanism, a pipeline conveying cleaning mechanism, a heavy impurity cleaning mechanism, a draining mechanism and a high-pressure clear water cleaning mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a conical fixed cylinder, a rotary cage and a first driving motor, the conical fixed cylinder is vertically fixed on the complete machine support, the rotary cage is sleeved in the conical fixed cylinder, the first driving motor is arranged above the conical fixed cylinder, the rotary cage can be driven to rotate by the first driving motor, and during the rotation process of the rotary cage, massive raisin clusters in the conical fixed cylinder can be extruded and decomposed, and the decomposed raisin can flow out from the lower end in the rotary cage; the rinsing mechanism comprises a first spray pipe, a first vibrating screen and a first water collecting tank, the first vibrating screen is arranged below the conical fixed cylinder, the discharge end of the conical fixed cylinder is opposite to the feed end of the first vibrating screen, the first spray pipe stretches across the upper part of the first vibrating screen, the first spray pipe is adjacent to the feed end of the first vibrating screen, the first water collecting tank is arranged below the first vibrating screen, and the first water collecting tank is used for collecting water flow flowing out of the first vibrating screen; the directional light impurity clearing mechanism comprises a water injection pipe, a cleaning pool, a collecting guide plate and a jet flow mechanism, wherein an isolating screen is vertically and fixedly arranged in the cleaning pool, the upper part of the isolating screen is higher than the upper part of the cleaning pool, the cleaning pool is divided into a light impurity separation area and a water storage buffer area by the isolating screen, a material flowing out of the discharge end of the first vibrating screen can enter the light impurity separation area, a collecting pipe is arranged at the lower part of the light impurity separation area, the collecting guide plate is obliquely arranged in the light impurity separation area, the lower end of the collecting guide plate is adjacent to an inlet of the collecting pipe, the water injection pipe is used for injecting and flowing into the cleaning pool, an overflow water receiving guide groove is arranged at the periphery of the upper part of the light impurity separation area, and a water baffle plate is arranged at the periphery of the upper part of the water storage, the pipeline conveying and cleaning mechanism comprises a second water pump and variable-speed cleaning pipes, the variable-speed cleaning pipes are sequentially connected end to end, an included angle of an axis between every two adjacent cleaning pipes in a horizontal plane or a vertical plane is 90 degrees, and a water inlet of the second water pump is connected with the collecting pipe; the heavy impurity removing mechanism comprises a speed reduction chute, an inverted V-shaped speed reduction plate and a sand discharge pipe, the speed reduction chute is obliquely arranged on the whole machine support and is positioned above the conical fixed cylinder and the cleaning pool, the inclined high end of the speed reduction chute is positioned above the conical fixed cylinder, a plurality of inverted V-shaped speed reduction plates are arranged on an inner bottom plate of the speed reduction chute at equal intervals, a vertical plate of the inverted V-shaped speed reduction plate, which is opposite to the inclined high end of the speed reduction chute, is vertical to the inner bottom plate of the speed reduction chute, the sand discharge pipe is communicated with the inner part of the inclined low end of the speed reduction chute, the sand discharge pipe is used for intermittently conveying heavy impurities settled in the speed reduction chute, and the speed change cleaning pipe realizes the communication of a second water pump and the inclined high end of the speed reduction chute; the draining mechanism comprises a second vibrating screen, a second water collecting tank and a water collecting tank, the second vibrating screen is arranged on the whole machine support, water flow flowing out of the speed reduction chute can enter a feeding end of the second vibrating screen, the second water collecting tank and the water collecting tank are sequentially arranged below the second vibrating screen from top to bottom, water flow flowing out of the second vibrating screen enters the water collecting tank after flowing together through the second water collecting tank, and the first water pump sucks water from the middle upper part of the water collecting tank through a pipeline; the high-pressure clear water cleaning mechanism comprises a third vibrating screen, three high-pressure spray pipes and a third water collecting tank, the third vibrating screen is arranged on the whole machine support, materials flowing out of the second vibrating screen can enter the third vibrating screen, the three high-pressure spray pipes stretch over the third vibrating screen, and water flowing out of the third vibrating screen enters the water collecting tank through the third water collecting tank.
2. The raisin washing device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of partition plates are vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the conical fixing cylinder at equal intervals.
3. The raisin cleaning device according to claim 2, wherein the first vibrating screen comprises a first-stage screen and a second-stage screen, the first-stage screen and the second-stage screen are sequentially distributed up and down, the first-stage screen is used for filtering lump materials, a guide plate is arranged at the discharge end of the first-stage screen, a material outlet opposite to the discharge end of the guide plate is arranged on a side plate of the first vibrating screen, a discharge groove is arranged at the material outlet, and the second screen is used for filtering water flow sprayed out of the first spray pipe.
4. The raisin washing device according to claim 3, wherein the variable speed washing pipe comprises a first straight pipe, a second straight pipe, a third straight pipe, a fourth straight pipe, a fifth straight pipe, a sixth straight pipe, a seventh straight pipe and an eighth straight pipe, and the lengths of the second straight pipe, the third straight pipe, the fourth straight pipe, the fifth straight pipe, the sixth straight pipe, the seventh straight pipe and the eighth straight pipe are 1/6, 1/2, 3/10, 1/5, 9/10/, 3/10 and 1 times of the length of the first straight pipe respectively.
5. The raisin washing device of claim 4, wherein the included angle between the bottom plate of the speed reduction chute and the horizontal plane is alpha, and alpha is more than or equal to 25 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees.
6. The raisin washing device of claim 5, wherein an overflow pipe is arranged on one side of the upper part of the water collecting tank, and the water outlet end of the overflow pipe is positioned on the upper part of the water storage buffer area.
7. A raisin washing method of a raisin washing device according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing water injection; the water injection pipe continuously injects water flow into the cleaning pool, the first spray pipe and the high-pressure water spray pipe start to spray water, when a certain amount of water is reached in the cleaning pool and the water collecting tank, the first water pump and the second water pump are started, and then the water flow is recycled, and in the subsequent cleaning process, the upper water flow of the light impurity separation zone is ensured to be always in an overflow state;
s2, a rinsing stage; the first driving motor, the first vibrating screen, the second vibrating screen and the third vibrating screen are started, then raisins are continuously placed into the conical fixed cylinder, large raisins are decomposed into raisin particles or small raisins along with the continuous rotation of the rotating cage, the raisin particles and the small raisins enter the rotating cage, the raisins entering the rotating cage directly fall onto the first vibrating screen, and the raisins on the first vibrating screen are sprayed with running water when passing below the first spraying pipe in the continuous advancing process, so that the raisins are wetted, and the small raisins which are not thoroughly decomposed are filtered out through the primary screen in the wetting process;
s3, removing light impurities; the material flowing out of the first-level screen mesh directly enters the upper part of the light impurity separation area, some light impurities with lighter specific gravity float on the water surface, the moistened raisins and some heavy impurities with larger specific gravity directly sink to the bottom of the light impurity separation area, and under the continuous overflow of the water flow at the upper part of the light impurity separation area and the continuous jet flow action of the jet pipe, the floating light impurities enter the overflow water receiving guide groove along with the overflow water, so that the light impurities are removed;
s4, cleaning the pipeline; the second water pump is operated, raisins at the bottom of the light impurity separation zone and heavy impurities with large specific gravity are conveyed into the variable speed cleaning pipe, the water flow in the variable speed cleaning pipe continuously repeats the acceleration and deceleration processes, and the turbulence intensity of the water flow is large in the continuous acceleration and deceleration processes of the water flow, so that sand particles and dust attached to the surfaces of the raisins and in raisin folds are loosened and fall off, and further cleaning of the raisins is completed;
s5, settling and removing heavy impurities; the water flow flowing out of the variable-speed cleaning pipe carries raisins and heavy impurities with large specific gravity to enter the inclined high end of the speed reduction chute, the water flow passes through the speed reduction function of the speed reduction plate in the process of flowing of the water flow from the speed reduction chute, the flow speed of the water flow is reduced, so that the heavy impurities with large specific gravity are successfully blocked by the speed reduction plate, the raisins flow out of the outlet of the speed reduction chute along with the water flow, the inlet of the sand discharge pipe is in a closed state in the cleaning process, and after the cleaning work is finished, the inlet of the sand discharge pipe is opened, so that the heavy impurities in the speed reduction chute are discharged to the outside from the sand discharge pipe, and then the speed reduction chute is prepared for the next cleaning work;
s6, draining; raisins flowing out of the speed reduction chute enter the second vibrating screen along with water flow, the water flow and the raisins are separated in the second vibrating screen, the water flow enters the water collection tank, and the raisins flow out of an outlet of the second vibrating screen;
s7, high-pressure water cleaning; the raisins flowing out of the second vibrating screen enter the third vibrating screen, and are sprayed and washed through the high-pressure spraying pipe in the flowing process of the raisins in the third vibrating screen, so that the raisins are cleaned, and the sprayed and washed raisins flow out of an outlet of the third vibrating screen.
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| CN112852105A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-28 | 方霞 | Epoxy resin sports terrace material |
| CN114451533A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-10 | 北京工商大学 | High-quality raisin preparation method |
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