CN107052866B - Metal mirror surface processing equipment and process - Google Patents
Metal mirror surface processing equipment and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN107052866B CN107052866B CN201710346982.3A CN201710346982A CN107052866B CN 107052866 B CN107052866 B CN 107052866B CN 201710346982 A CN201710346982 A CN 201710346982A CN 107052866 B CN107052866 B CN 107052866B
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 251
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
- B23Q3/088—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated using vacuum means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q37/00—Metal-working machines, or constructional combinations thereof, built-up from units designed so that at least some of the units can form parts of different machines or combinations; Units therefor in so far as the feature of interchangeability is important
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention provides a metal mirror surface processing device and a metal mirror surface processing process, comprising the following steps: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body and a processing room arranged in the machine tool body, wherein a metal mirror surface processing mechanism is arranged in the processing room; the metal mirror finishing mechanism specifically comprises: a vacuum clamp for fixing a metal workpiece; the cutting device is used for carrying out mirror surface processing on the metal workpiece, is arranged right above the clamp and is connected with a main shaft of the machine tool; cutting fluid spraying device for cooling and lubricating the surface of a metal workpiece during cutting. In the metal mirror processing equipment and the metal mirror processing technology provided by the invention, the cutting edge of the cutting device contains diamond cutter grains, so that the metal workpiece surface can be ground; the vacuum fixture is matched with the adsorption stability of the vacuum fixture and the cooling lubrication of the cutting fluid spraying device, the mirror surface effect of the metal workpiece can be realized through one step of cutting processing, the mirror surface processing flow of the surface of the metal workpiece is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of numerical control machines, in particular to a metal mirror surface processing device and a metal mirror surface processing process.
Background
In the processing of some metal workpieces such as mobile phone housings, it is desirable to make a mirror-like smooth effect on the housing of the metal workpiece for aesthetic reasons.
The method has the advantages that the polishing working procedure is additionally added on the basis of the original cutting process, the efficiency is low, meanwhile, the consumption of energy and raw materials is high, and no equipment and technology capable of realizing the mirror effect of the metal workpiece directly by one step of cutting are available in the field.
Accordingly, the prior art is still in need of improvement and development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the prior art has complex mirror surface processing procedures, low efficiency and inconvenience in production caused by one-step operation.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a metal mirror finishing apparatus, comprising: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body and a processing room arranged in the machine tool body, wherein a metal mirror surface processing mechanism is arranged in the processing room;
the metal mirror finishing mechanism specifically comprises:
a clamp for fixing a metal workpiece;
the cutting device is used for carrying out mirror surface processing on the metal workpiece, is arranged right above the clamp and is connected with a main shaft of the machine tool;
cutting fluid spraying device for cooling and lubricating the surface of a metal workpiece during cutting.
The metal mirror surface processing equipment, wherein, the anchor clamps are vacuum anchor clamps, specifically include:
a clamp body;
the vacuum adsorption units are arranged on the clamp body and used for generating negative pressure to adsorb a workpiece to be processed, and the vacuum adsorption units are connected with vacuum pumps with adjustable suction force;
a plurality of vacuum grooves arranged on the surface of the clamp body and used for dividing the vacuum adsorption unit to generate negative pressure;
the sealing ring is arranged on the surface of the clamp body and used for sealing the negative pressure to form vacuum;
and a plurality of groups of automatic screw fastening units arranged on the clamp body.
The metal mirror surface machining equipment, wherein the cutting device is connected with a main shaft of a machine tool and can rotate and move under the driving of the main shaft, and the cutting device specifically comprises:
an end mill for roughing the shape of a metal workpiece;
or an arc cutter for performing side arc rough machining on the side edge of the metal workpiece;
or an arc highlight knife for carrying out mirror finish machining on the side edge of the metal workpiece;
or a plane rough disc cutter for carrying out mirror semi-finishing on the plane of the metal workpiece;
or a plane disk cutter for mirror finishing the plane of a metal workpiece.
The metal mirror surface processing device, wherein the arc highlight tool body comprises:
the first cutterhead is used for being connected with a machine tool spindle, is cylindrical and can rotate under the drive of the machine tool spindle;
the side highlight cutter is used for carrying out mirror finish machining on the side of the metal workpiece, is arranged on the side face of the first cutter head and is made of diamond and is in a concave circular arc shape or a straight edge;
the cutter seat is used for adjusting the cutting angle of the side highlight cutter particles, one end of the cutter seat is connected with the side highlight cutter particles, the other end of the cutter seat is connected with the first cutter head, and the cutter seat can rotate relative to the first cutter head.
The metal mirror finishing apparatus, wherein the plane disk tool body includes:
the second cutterhead is used for being connected with a machine tool spindle, is cylindrical and can rotate under the drive of the machine tool spindle;
the plane highlight cutter particles are used for carrying out mirror finish machining on the upper surface of the metal workpiece, are arranged on the bottom surface of the second cutter head, are made of diamond and are convex arc-shaped, and the distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the arc is 0.005 mu m;
the cutter adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the cutting angle of the plane Gao Guangdao grains and is arranged on the base of the second cutter head, and the plane highlight grains are arranged on the cutter adjusting mechanism.
The metal mirror surface processing equipment, wherein, cutting fluid sprinkler specifically includes:
the nozzle is used for controlling the spraying direction of the cutting fluid and comprises a hose and a conditional mechanism wrapped outside the hose, and the hose can change the spraying angle under the limit of the regulating mechanism;
the flow valve is used for controlling the spraying flow of the nozzle, and one end of the flow valve is connected with the nozzle;
and the cutting fluid circulating device is used for circulating the cutting fluid and is connected with the other end of the flow valve.
The metal mirror surface processing equipment, wherein the cutting fluid circulating device specifically comprises;
a liquid inlet pump for sucking cutting liquid;
the bag filter is used for filtering the cutting fluid and is connected with the liquid inlet pump;
the oil-water separator is used for separating oil from water of the cutting fluid and is connected with the bag filter;
the water chiller is used for cooling the cutting fluid and is connected with the oil-water separator;
and the liquid outlet pump is used for conveying the circulating and treated cutting liquid to the nozzle and is connected with the other end of the flow valve.
The metal mirror finishing apparatus, wherein the flow valve specifically includes;
the valve is used for adjusting the spraying flow of the cutting fluid;
and the instrument panel is used for displaying the real-time flow value, is connected with the valve and can read the real-time flow data at the valve.
A metal mirror finishing process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:
A. placing a metal workpiece to be processed on the clamp body, starting the vacuum pump, and screwing the automatic screw fastening unit into a screw hole of the metal workpiece to be processed;
B. adjusting the spraying angle of the nozzle to aim at the metal workpiece through the adjusting mechanism, and starting the cutting fluid spraying device to spray the metal workpiece;
C. a cutting device is arranged on a main shaft of a machine tool, and the machine tool is started to perform cutting machining;
D. closing the machine tool, closing the vacuum pump, and screwing the automatic screw fastening unit out of the screw hole of the metal workpiece.
The metal mirror surface processing technology, wherein the step C specifically comprises the following steps:
c1, installing an end mill on a main shaft of a machine tool, enabling the end mill to rotate under the drive of the main shaft, and simultaneously performing annular reciprocating motion along the surface of a metal workpiece to cut the metal workpiece until the metal workpiece is cut into the shape of a product;
c2, detaching the end milling cutter, mounting an arc cutter on a main shaft of the machine tool, driving the arc cutter to rotate under the drive of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting the metal workpiece along the side edge of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the side edge of the metal workpiece is cut into an arc surface or a plane;
c3, detaching the arc-shaped knife, mounting the arc-shaped highlight knife on a main shaft of the machine tool, driving the arc-shaped highlight knife to rotate under the driving of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting the metal workpiece along the side edge of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the side edge of the metal workpiece is cut into a mirror-surface-level smooth effect;
c4, detaching the arc highlight cutter, mounting the plane rough disc cutter on a main shaft of the machine tool, driving the plane rough disc cutter to rotate under the driving of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting along the upper surface of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the upper surface of the metal workpiece is cut into a smooth plane;
and C5, detaching the plane rough disc cutter, mounting the plane disc cutter on a main shaft of a machine tool, driving the plane disc cutter to rotate under the driving of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting along the upper surface of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the upper surface of the metal workpiece is cut into a mirror-surface-level smooth effect.
In summary, the present invention provides a metal mirror processing apparatus and process, including: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body and a processing room arranged in the machine tool body, wherein a metal mirror surface processing mechanism is arranged in the processing room; the metal mirror finishing mechanism specifically comprises: a vacuum clamp for fixing a metal workpiece; the cutting device is used for carrying out mirror surface processing on the metal workpiece, is arranged right above the clamp and is connected with a main shaft of the machine tool; cutting fluid spraying device for cooling and lubricating the surface of a metal workpiece during cutting. In the metal mirror processing equipment and the metal mirror processing technology provided by the invention, the cutting edge of the cutting device contains diamond cutter grains, so that the metal workpiece surface can be ground; the vacuum fixture is matched with the adsorption stability of the vacuum fixture and the cooling lubrication of the cutting fluid spraying device, the mirror surface effect of the metal workpiece can be realized through one step of cutting processing, the mirror surface processing flow of the surface of the metal workpiece is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a metal mirror finishing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a jig of the metal mirror finishing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a circular arc highlight knife of the metal mirror finishing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a plane cutter of the metal mirror finishing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a cutting fluid circulation apparatus of a metal mirror finishing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a metal mirror finishing process according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of the metal mirror finishing process step S3 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a metal mirror finishing apparatus according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a jig of the metal mirror finishing apparatus of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a circular arc highlight knife of the metal mirror finishing apparatus according to the present invention. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a plane cutter of the metal mirror finishing apparatus of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a cutting fluid circulation apparatus of a metal mirror finishing apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the metal mirror finishing apparatus includes:
a machine tool body 10 and a machining room 20 provided inside the machine tool body 10, wherein a metal mirror machining mechanism is provided in the machining room 20;
the metal mirror finishing mechanism specifically comprises:
a jig 100 for fixing a metal workpiece;
a cutting device 200 for mirror finishing a metal workpiece, the cutting device 200 being disposed directly above the jig 100 and connected to a spindle 30 of the machine tool 10;
a cutting fluid spraying apparatus 300 for cooling and lubricating the surface of a metal workpiece during cutting.
In specific work, a metal workpiece to be processed is placed on the fixture 100 to be fixed; adjusting the cutting fluid spraying device 300 to enable the cutting fluid spraying device 300 to be aligned with the metal workpiece in angle, and then starting the cutting fluid spraying device 300 to spray the metal workpiece; the cutting device 200 is installed on the machine tool spindle 30, the machine tool is started, the cutting device 200 starts cutting under the drive of the machine tool spindle 30, and a metal workpiece with a mirror surface effect on the surface is obtained directly through cutting by the reciprocating cutting operation.
Further, the fixture 100 is a vacuum fixture, and specifically includes:
a clamp body 110;
a plurality of groups of vacuum adsorption units which are arranged on the clamp body 110 and used for generating negative pressure to adsorb the workpiece to be processed, wherein the vacuum adsorption units are connected with vacuum pumps (not marked in the figure) with adjustable suction force;
a plurality of vacuum grooves 120 provided on the surface of the jig body 110 for dividing the negative pressure generated by the vacuum adsorption unit;
a sealing ring 130 provided on the surface of the clamp body 110 for sealing the negative pressure to form a vacuum;
a plurality of sets of automatic screw tightening units 140 provided on the jig body 110.
During specific work, the metal workpiece to be machined is placed on the fixture body 110, the plurality of groups of vacuum adsorption units generate negative pressure to adsorb the metal workpiece to be machined, during the period, the vacuum grooves 120 enable the negative pressure to be uniformly distributed on the metal workpiece, the metal workpiece is stably adsorbed, the sealing ring 130 plays a sealing role, vacuum leakage is prevented, the negative pressure generated by the vacuum adsorption units can stably adsorb the metal workpiece, and the condition that the surface of the metal workpiece shakes due to vacuum leakage in the cutting process of a machine tool is avoided. Meanwhile, after the vacuum adsorption unit stably adsorbs the metal workpiece to be machined, the automatic screw fastening unit 140 fastens the metal workpiece in a screwing manner, so as to prevent the metal workpiece from being displaced in the left-right direction during machining.
In the process of cutting the surface of the metal workpiece, the cutting device 200 needs to be ensured to cut the surface of the metal workpiece on the same plane all the time, so that the shake generated by cutting the surface of the metal workpiece needs to be avoided in the cutting process, the occurrence of the phenomenon can be effectively avoided by the arrangement of the vacuum clamp, and the mirror effect is ensured to be realized by processing.
Further, the cutting device 200 is connected to the spindle 30 of the machine tool and can rotate and move under the drive of the spindle 30, and the cutting device 200 specifically comprises:
an end mill (not shown) for roughing the shape of the metal workpiece;
or an arc cutter (not shown) for performing side arc rough machining on the side edge of the metal workpiece;
or an arc highlight tool 210 for mirror finishing the side of the metal workpiece;
or a plane rough disc cutter (not shown) for mirror semi-finishing the plane of the metal workpiece;
or a flat panel cutter 220 for mirror finishing the flat surface of a metal workpiece.
When the cutting device specifically works, according to different machining procedures, different cutting devices 200 are replaced on the machine tool main shaft 30, firstly, an end mill is installed on the machine tool main shaft 30, the end mill rotates under the drive of the main shaft 30, and meanwhile, annular reciprocating motion is carried out along the surface of a metal workpiece to cut the metal workpiece until the metal workpiece is cut into the shape of a product; then, detaching the end milling cutter, installing an arc cutter on the main shaft 30 of the machine tool, driving the arc cutter to rotate under the driving of the main shaft 30, and simultaneously cutting the metal workpiece along the side edge of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the side edge of the metal workpiece is cut into an arc surface or a plane; then detaching the arc-shaped knife, installing the arc-shaped high-gloss knife on the main shaft 30 of the machine tool, driving the arc-shaped high-gloss knife to rotate under the driving of the main shaft 30, and simultaneously cutting the metal workpiece along the side edge of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the side edge of the metal workpiece is cut into a mirror-surface-level smooth effect; then the arc highlight knife is disassembled, the plane rough disc knife is arranged on the main shaft 30 of the machine tool, and the plane rough disc knife rotates under the drive of the main shaft 30 and simultaneously reciprocates along the upper surface of the metal workpiece to cut until the upper surface of the metal workpiece is cut into a smooth plane; and finally, removing the plane rough disc cutter, mounting the plane disc cutter on a main shaft 30 of the machine tool, driving the plane disc cutter to rotate under the driving of the main shaft 30, and simultaneously cutting along the upper surface of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the upper surface of the metal workpiece is cut into a mirror-surface-level smooth effect. And (3) finishing the working procedures to obtain the metal workpiece with the mirror surface effect on the surface.
Further, the arc highlight tool 210 specifically includes:
a first cutterhead 211 for connection with a machine tool spindle 30, the first cutterhead 211 being cylindrical and rotatable under the drive of the machine tool spindle 30;
the side highlight cutter particles 212 are used for carrying out mirror finish machining on the side edges of the metal workpiece, the side highlight cutter particles 212 are arranged on the side surface of the first cutter head 211, and the side highlight cutter particles 212 are made of diamond and are in the shape of an inward concave arc or straight edge;
the cutter seat 213 is used for adjusting the cutting angle of the side highlight cutter 212, one end of the cutter seat 213 is connected with the side highlight cutter 212, the other end is connected with the first cutter head 311, and the cutter seat 213 can rotate relative to the first cutter head 311.
During specific operation, after the cutting angle of the side highlight cutter 212 is adjusted through the cutter seat 213, the first cutter disc 311 is installed on the machine tool spindle 30, and the machine tool spindle 30 drives the first cutter disc 311 to rotate, so that the side highlight cutter 212 can cut the side of the metal workpiece, the machine tool spindle 30 translates to drive the first cutter disc 311 to reciprocate around the side of the metal workpiece, and therefore the side of the whole metal workpiece is processed into a mirror surface effect.
Specifically, diamond is the material with the highest known hardness, and the cutting of the diamond material to the metal surface achieves the grinding effect, so that the mirror surface smoothing effect can be achieved on the workpiece surface. The metal workpiece is processed, the specific parameters of the finished metal workpiece are different, if the side edge of the mobile phone is required to be in a convex arc shape, the side edge highlight cutter 212 is set to be in a concave arc shape, and therefore the smooth effect of the cambered surface mirror surface is processed on the convex arc side edge of the mobile phone through cutting; if the side edge of the mobile phone is required to be a plane, the side edge highlight knife 212 is set to be a straight edge, so that the smooth effect of the plane mirror surface is processed on the plane side edge of the mobile phone at one time through cutting, the step of grinding is omitted, the working procedure is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Further, the plane cutter 220 specifically includes:
a second cutter 221 for connection with the machine tool spindle 30, the second cutter 221 being cylindrical and rotatable under the drive of the machine tool spindle 30;
the plane Gao Guangdao grains 222 are arranged on the bottom surface of the second cutter head 221, the plane Gao Guangdao grains 222 are made of diamond and have a convex arc shape, and the distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the arc is 0.005 μm;
the cutter adjusting mechanism 223 is used for adjusting the cutting angle of the plane Gao Guangdao grains 222, the cutter adjusting mechanism 223 is arranged on the base of the second cutter head 221, and the plane Gao Guangdao grains 222 are arranged on the cutter adjusting mechanism 223.
During specific operation, after the cutting angle of the plane Gao Guangdao grains 222 is adjusted 223 by the cutter adjusting mechanism, the second cutter 221 is installed on the machine tool spindle 30, and the machine tool spindle 30 drives the second cutter 221 to rotate, so that the plane Gao Guangdao grains 222 can cut the upper surface of the metal workpiece, the machine tool spindle 30 translates and drives the second cutter 221 to reciprocate on the upper surface of the metal workpiece, and the upper surface of the metal workpiece is cut to form a mirror effect.
Specifically, in the process of cutting the surface of the metal workpiece by the plane Gao Guangdao grains 221, the highest point of the circular arc-shaped cutting edge is in contact with the surface of the metal workpiece, metal scraps generated by cutting are accumulated on one side of the moving direction of the cutting edge, the metal scraps are entrained in the rest parts of the circular arc-shaped cutting edge to move on the surface of the workpiece, so that the metal workpiece is ground, the smooth effect of the mirror surface is realized on the surface of the metal workpiece, the distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the circular arc is set to be 0.005 mu m as the optimal parameter for realizing the grinding effect, the mirror surface effect can be realized on the upper surface of the metal workpiece through cutting processing, the grinding step is omitted, the working procedure is saved, and the production efficiency is improved. .
Further, the cutting fluid spraying apparatus 300 specifically includes:
a nozzle (not shown) for controlling the spraying direction of the cutting fluid, wherein the nozzle comprises a hose and a conditional mechanism wrapped outside the hose, and the hose can change the spraying angle under the limit of the regulating mechanism;
a flow valve (not shown) for controlling the spray flow of the nozzle, one end of the flow valve being connected to the nozzle;
and a cutting fluid circulation device 310 for circulating the cutting fluid, wherein the cutting fluid circulation device is connected with the other end of the flow valve.
Still further, the adjustment mechanism is a clip-on nozzle.
During specific work, the adjusting mechanism is adjusted, so that the nozzle is aligned to the metal workpiece, then the flow valve is used for setting the flow of the cutting fluid sprayed by the nozzle, the cutting fluid plays a role in cooling and lubricating the metal workpiece being cut in the cutting fluid spraying process, deformation of the surface of the metal workpiece due to local overheating is prevented, the metal workpiece and the cutter are damaged, and the lubricating effect ensures the generation of the mirror surface effect. Specifically, the cutting fluid circulating device continuously recovers the used cutting fluid waste liquid for treatment, and then the treated cutting fluid is re-injected into the nozzle for recycling, so that the material cost is reduced, and the environment protection is realized.
Further, the cutting fluid circulation device 310 specifically includes;
a liquid inlet pump 311 for sucking the cutting liquid;
a bag filter 312 for filtering the cutting fluid, wherein the bag filter 312 is connected with the liquid inlet pump 311;
an oil-water separator 313 for separating oil from water of the cutting fluid, wherein the oil-water separator 313 is connected with the bag filter 312;
a water chiller 314 for cooling the cutting fluid, wherein the water chiller 314 is connected to the oil-water separator 313;
and the liquid outlet pump 315 is used for conveying the circulating and treated cutting liquid to the nozzle, and the liquid outlet pump 315 is connected with the other end of the flow valve.
During specific operation, the liquid inlet pump 311 pumps the cutting liquid waste liquid generated in the cutting process of the machine tool, and the cutting liquid waste liquid sequentially passes through the bag filter 312, the oil-water separator 313 and the water cooler 314 under the pushing of the liquid inlet pump 311, wherein the bag filter 312 filters metal scraps generated by cutting in the cutting liquid waste liquid, the oil-water separator 313 separates grease dissolved in the cutting liquid waste liquid, and the water cooler 314 cools the cutting liquid waste liquid, so that a clean and low-temperature cutting liquid circulating liquid is obtained, and the requirements on lubrication and cooling functions of the cutting liquid in the cutting process of the machine tool are met; the liquid outlet pump pumps the treated circulating liquid to the processing room 20, thereby completing the circulating operation of the whole cutting liquid circulating device.
Further, the flow valve specifically includes;
the valve is used for adjusting the spraying flow of the cutting fluid;
and the instrument panel is used for displaying the real-time flow value, is connected with the valve and can read the real-time flow data at the valve.
When the device specifically works, the flow at the valve can be accurately set by reading the reading on the instrument panel, so that the spraying of the cutting fluid at the nozzle can be accurately regulated and controlled, and the excessive spraying flow can form impact on the surface of a metal workpiece to interfere the operation precision of the cutting device 200, so that the ripple is caused on the processed finished product of the metal workpiece, and the ideal mirror effect cannot be obtained; meanwhile, the spraying flow rate may cause insufficient lubrication and cooling, damage the cutting device 200, and may cause the surface of the finished product of the metal workpiece to be roughened, and the ideal mirror effect may not be obtained.
The invention also provides a metal mirror finishing process according to any one of the above, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a flowchart of the metal mirror finishing process according to the invention. Fig. 7 is a flowchart of the metal mirror finishing process step S3 according to the present invention.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, placing a metal workpiece to be processed on a clamp body, starting a vacuum pump, and screwing an automatic screw fastening unit into a screw hole of the metal workpiece to be processed;
s2, adjusting the spraying angle of the nozzle to aim at the metal workpiece through the adjusting mechanism, and starting the cutting fluid spraying device to spray the metal workpiece;
s3, mounting a cutting device on a main shaft of the machine tool, starting the machine tool, and performing cutting machining;
s4, closing the machine tool, closing the vacuum pump, and screwing the automatic screw fastening unit out of the screw hole of the metal workpiece.
When the fixture is particularly used, the metal workpiece is placed on the fixture body, the vacuum pump is started, meanwhile, the vacuum adsorption unit adsorbs the metal workpiece by adjusting the suction force of the vacuum pump according to the thickness of the metal workpiece, the suction force is uniformly distributed on the metal workpiece through the distribution of the vacuum grooves, at the moment, vacuum is formed between the fixture body and the metal workpiece through the sealing of the sealing ring, and then the automatic screw fastening unit is screwed in a screw hole of the metal workpiece to be processed to finish the fixation of the metal workpiece to be processed; the cutting fluid spraying device is started to spray the metal workpiece, then the cutting device is arranged on the main shaft of the machine tool, the machine tool is started to cut, and different cutting devices are arranged on the main shaft of the machine tool in sequence according to different machining procedures; in the cutting process, the vacuum clamp firmly adsorbs the metal workpiece, so that the metal workpiece is prevented from shaking in the cutting process, and the mirror surface processing effect is prevented from being influenced; meanwhile, the cutting fluid spraying device continuously sprays the cutting fluid to cool and lubricate the machining part in the cutting process, so that the mirror surface machining effect is ensured.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes:
s31, installing an end mill on a main shaft of a machine tool, enabling the end mill to rotate under the drive of the main shaft, and simultaneously performing annular reciprocating motion along the surface of a metal workpiece to cut the metal workpiece until the metal workpiece is cut into the shape of a product;
s32, removing the end milling cutter, mounting an arc cutter on a main shaft of the machine tool, driving the arc cutter to rotate under the drive of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting the metal workpiece along the side edge of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the side edge of the metal workpiece is cut into an arc surface or a plane;
s33, detaching the arc knife, mounting the arc highlight knife on a main shaft of a machine tool, driving the arc highlight knife to rotate under the driving of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting the metal workpiece along the side edge of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the side edge of the metal workpiece is cut into a mirror-surface-level smooth effect;
s34, detaching the arc highlight cutter, mounting the plane rough disc cutter on a main shaft of a machine tool, driving the plane rough disc cutter to rotate under the driving of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting along the upper surface of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the upper surface of the metal workpiece is cut into a smooth plane;
s35, removing the plane rough disc cutter, mounting the plane disc cutter on a main shaft of a machine tool, driving the plane disc cutter to rotate under the driving of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting along the upper surface of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating mode until the upper surface of the metal workpiece is cut into a mirror-surface-level smooth effect.
In a specific operation, the specific processing parameters are as follows,
when the end mill is arranged on a main shaft of a machine tool to cut a metal workpiece into a target shape, the main shaft rotates at 5000-15000 rpm and is fed at 2000-5000 mm/min, wherein the feeding speed has no influence on the metal workpiece; when the arc knife is arranged on the main shaft of the machine tool to cut the side edge of the metal workpiece into a target shape, the roughness range of the processed arc edge is 0-0.02um; when the arc highlight knife is arranged on a main shaft of a machine tool to cut the side edge of a metal workpiece into a mirror surface effect, the rotating speed of the main shaft is 4000-8000 rpm, and the feeding speed is 400-800 mm/min; when the planar rough disc cutter is arranged on a main shaft of a machine tool to cut the upper surface of a metal workpiece into a smooth semi-finish machining, the planar rough disc cutter cuts from the positive direction to the negative direction of the X axis, and the roughness of the semi-finish machining surface is 1.6um; when the plane disk cutter is installed on the main shaft of a machine tool to finish the mirror surface cutting of the upper surface of a metal workpiece, the main shaft rotates at 4000-6000 rpm and is fed at 300-600 mm/min.
During specific work, the machining of the metal workpiece specifically comprises an installation step, a cutting step and a cutting fluid circulation step.
And a mounting step of placing the metal workpiece on the clamp body, starting a vacuum pump, simultaneously, according to the thickness of the metal workpiece, adsorbing the metal workpiece by a vacuum adsorption unit through adjusting the suction size of the vacuum pump, distributing the vacuum to uniformly distribute the suction on the metal workpiece, at the moment, forming vacuum between the clamp body and the metal workpiece through the sealing of a sealing ring, and then screwing an automatic screw fastening unit into a screw hole of the metal workpiece to be processed to finish the fixing of the metal workpiece to be processed, thereby finishing the mounting step of the metal workpiece.
A cutting step of mounting an end mill on a main shaft of a machine tool to cut a metal workpiece into a preset product shape; then, an arc cutter is replaced, and the side edge of the metal workpiece is cut into a preset shape, generally an arc surface or a plane; then, changing an arc highlight cutter to cut the side edge of the metal workpiece into a mirror-surface-level smooth effect; then, replacing a plane rough disc cutter, semi-finishing the upper surface of the metal workpiece, and cutting the metal workpiece into a smooth plane; then, replacing the plane disc cutter, and cutting the upper surface of the metal workpiece into a mirror-surface-level smooth effect; the cutting step is completed.
A cutting fluid circulation step, wherein the cutting fluid circulation step and the cutting step are synchronously carried out, and a cutting fluid circulation device continuously sprays cutting fluid to a metal workpiece to cool and lubricate the metal workpiece in the cutting step, so that deformation of the surface of the metal workpiece due to local overheating is prevented, the metal workpiece and a cutter are damaged, and meanwhile, the lubrication effect ensures the generation of a mirror surface effect; meanwhile, the cutting fluid circulating device continuously recovers the used cutting fluid waste liquid for treatment, and then the cutting fluid after treatment is injected into the nozzle again for recycling, so that the material cost is reduced, and the environment protection is realized; thereby completing the cutting fluid circulation step.
In summary, the present invention provides a metal mirror processing apparatus and process, including: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body and a processing room arranged in the machine tool body, wherein a metal mirror surface processing mechanism is arranged in the processing room; the metal mirror finishing mechanism specifically comprises: a vacuum clamp for fixing a metal workpiece; the cutting device is used for carrying out mirror surface processing on the metal workpiece, is arranged right above the clamp and is connected with a main shaft of the machine tool; cutting fluid spraying device for cooling and lubricating the surface of a metal workpiece during cutting. In the metal mirror processing equipment and the metal mirror processing technology provided by the invention, the cutting edge of the cutting device contains diamond cutter grains, so that the metal workpiece surface can be ground; the vacuum fixture is matched with the adsorption stability of the vacuum fixture and the cooling lubrication of the cutting fluid spraying device, the mirror surface effect of the metal workpiece can be realized through one step of cutting processing, the mirror surface processing flow of the surface of the metal workpiece is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A metal mirror finishing apparatus, characterized by comprising: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body and a processing room arranged in the machine tool body, wherein a metal mirror surface processing mechanism is arranged in the processing room;
the metal mirror finishing mechanism specifically comprises:
a clamp for fixing a metal workpiece;
the cutting device is used for carrying out mirror surface processing on the metal workpiece, is arranged right above the clamp and is connected with a main shaft of the machine tool;
a cutting fluid spraying device for cooling and lubricating the surface of the metal workpiece in the cutting process;
the cutting device specifically comprises:
an end mill for roughing the shape of a metal workpiece;
or an arc cutter for performing side arc rough machining on the side edge of the metal workpiece;
or an arc highlight knife for carrying out mirror finish machining on the side edge of the metal workpiece;
or a plane rough disc cutter for carrying out mirror semi-finishing on the plane of the metal workpiece;
or a plane disk cutter for mirror finishing the plane of the metal workpiece;
the arc highlight tool body comprises:
the first cutterhead is used for being connected with a machine tool spindle, is cylindrical and can rotate under the drive of the machine tool spindle;
the side highlight cutter is used for carrying out mirror finish machining on the side of the metal workpiece, is arranged on the side face of the first cutter head and is made of diamond and is in a concave circular arc shape or a straight edge;
the cutter seat is used for adjusting the cutting angle of the side highlight cutter particles, one end of the cutter seat is connected with the side highlight cutter particles, the other end of the cutter seat is connected with the first cutter head, and the cutter seat can rotate relative to the first cutter head;
the planar disk cutter body includes:
the second cutterhead is used for being connected with a machine tool spindle, is cylindrical and can rotate under the drive of the machine tool spindle;
the plane highlight cutter particles are used for carrying out mirror finish machining on the upper surface of the metal workpiece, are arranged on the bottom surface of the second cutter head, are made of diamond and are convex arc-shaped, and the distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the arc-shaped is 0.005 mu m;
the cutter adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the cutting angle of the plane Gao Guangdao grains and is arranged on the base of the second cutter head, and the plane highlight grains are arranged on the cutter adjusting mechanism;
the processing technology of the metal mirror processing equipment specifically comprises the following steps:
A. placing a metal workpiece to be processed on the clamp body, starting the vacuum pump, and screwing the automatic screw fastening unit into a screw hole of the metal workpiece to be processed;
B. adjusting the spraying angle of the nozzle to aim at the metal workpiece through the adjusting mechanism, and starting the cutting fluid spraying device to spray the metal workpiece;
C. a cutting device is arranged on a main shaft of a machine tool, and the machine tool is started to perform cutting machining;
D. closing the machine tool, closing the vacuum pump, and screwing out the automatic screw fastening unit from the screw hole of the metal workpiece;
the step C specifically comprises the following steps:
c1, installing an end mill on a main shaft of a machine tool, enabling the end mill to rotate under the drive of the main shaft, and simultaneously performing annular reciprocating motion along the surface of a metal workpiece to cut the metal workpiece until the metal workpiece is cut into the shape of a product;
c2, detaching the end milling cutter, mounting an arc cutter on a main shaft of the machine tool, driving the arc cutter to rotate under the drive of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting the metal workpiece along the side edge of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the side edge of the metal workpiece is cut into an arc surface or a plane;
c3, detaching the arc-shaped knife, mounting the arc-shaped highlight knife on a main shaft of the machine tool, driving the arc-shaped highlight knife to rotate under the driving of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting the metal workpiece along the side edge of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the side edge of the metal workpiece is cut into a mirror-surface-level smooth effect;
c4, detaching the arc highlight cutter, mounting the plane rough disc cutter on a main shaft of the machine tool, driving the plane rough disc cutter to rotate under the driving of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting along the upper surface of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the upper surface of the metal workpiece is cut into a smooth plane;
and C5, detaching the plane rough disc cutter, mounting the plane disc cutter on a main shaft of a machine tool, driving the plane disc cutter to rotate under the driving of the main shaft, and simultaneously cutting along the upper surface of the metal workpiece in a reciprocating manner until the upper surface of the metal workpiece is cut into a mirror-surface-level smooth effect.
2. The metal mirror finishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the jig is a vacuum jig, comprising in particular:
a clamp body;
the vacuum adsorption units are arranged on the clamp body and used for generating negative pressure to adsorb a workpiece to be processed, and the vacuum adsorption units are connected with vacuum pumps with adjustable suction force;
a plurality of vacuum grooves arranged on the surface of the clamp body and used for dividing the vacuum adsorption unit to generate negative pressure;
the sealing ring is arranged on the surface of the clamp body and used for sealing the negative pressure to form vacuum;
and a plurality of groups of automatic screw fastening units arranged on the clamp body.
3. The metal mirror finishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting fluid spraying device specifically comprises:
the nozzle is used for controlling the spraying direction of the cutting fluid and comprises a hose and a conditional mechanism wrapped outside the hose, and the hose can change the spraying angle under the limit of the regulating mechanism;
the flow valve is used for controlling the spraying flow of the nozzle, and one end of the flow valve is connected with the nozzle;
and the cutting fluid circulating device is used for circulating the cutting fluid and is connected with the other end of the flow valve.
4. A metal mirror finishing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the cutting fluid circulating means specifically comprises;
a liquid inlet pump for sucking cutting liquid;
the bag filter is used for filtering the cutting fluid and is connected with the liquid inlet pump;
the oil-water separator is used for separating oil from water of the cutting fluid and is connected with the bag filter;
the water chiller is used for cooling the cutting fluid and is connected with the oil-water separator;
and the liquid outlet pump is used for conveying the circulating and treated cutting liquid to the nozzle and is connected with the other end of the flow valve.
5. A metal mirror finishing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the flow valve specifically comprises;
the valve is used for adjusting the spraying flow of the cutting fluid;
and the instrument panel is used for displaying the real-time flow value, is connected with the valve and can read the real-time flow data at the valve.
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| CN110605535A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-24 | 上海联乐实业有限公司 | Mirror surface machining device for surface of cast aluminum bottom plate of detection tool and corresponding machining method thereof |
| CN111113142A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-05-08 | 基迈克材料科技（苏州）有限公司 | Cooling device for product machining |
| CN111230410A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-06-05 | 天津银宝山新科技有限公司 | Processing technology of straight body groove |
| CN111098099A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-05 | 天津银宝山新科技有限公司 | Door plate front and rear die processing technology |
| CN113369550A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-10 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Machining method for honeycomb core splicing line |
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| CN204976123U (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2016-01-20 | 深圳亿能网络通信设备有限公司 | A vacuum adsorption device for processing of cell -phone shell |
| CN205085450U (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-03-16 | 谢进义 | A highlight knife tackle for realizing mirror finishing effect |
| CN205310067U (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-06-15 | 牧野机床（中国）有限公司 | Work piece mirror surface processingequipment |
| CN206855072U (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2018-01-09 | 沈阳机床（东莞）智能装备有限公司 | A kind of metallic mirror surface process equipment |
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Effective date of registration: 20240130 Address after: 518100, 1st Floor, Building 2, No. 7 Ligang North Road, Kuanggang Community, Shajing Street, Bao'an District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Shenzhen Jinhuazhou Die Steel Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 523808 Building 2, No.1 Hetang headquarters, No.2 Xinzhu Road, Songshanhu high tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: SHENYANG MACHINE TOOL (DONGGUAN) INTELLIGENT EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |