CN107041386A - 一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂 - Google Patents

一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂 Download PDF

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CN107041386A
CN107041386A CN201611149641.9A CN201611149641A CN107041386A CN 107041386 A CN107041386 A CN 107041386A CN 201611149641 A CN201611149641 A CN 201611149641A CN 107041386 A CN107041386 A CN 107041386A
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张奎
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Wuhe County Maoyuan Leech Ecological Farming Cooperatives
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，按重量份计，由如下原料均匀混合制成：50%退菌特可湿性粉剂500倍液100‑150份、50%甲基托布津500倍液50‑100份、50%敌百虫1000倍液80‑120份、磷酸二氢钾2‑5份、氯化钾2‑5份、尿素5‑8份、硫酸钠5‑8份、蟾蜍草提取液2‑5份、除虫菊提取液2‑4份、川乌提取液1‑2份、液态薄荷脑2‑5份。经过实验，本发明提供的一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，对法桐霉斑病、黄叶病、虫害的预防效果很好，喷洒过药物的法国梧桐树病虫害发病率在2.5%以下；同时，对于患病的植株，治愈率高达95%以上，同时治愈时间也比单一使用化学药剂短，见效快，更值得推广普及。

Description

一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂
技术领域
本发明属于苗木种植领域，特别涉及一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂。
背景技术
法国梧桐，学名三球悬铃木，悬铃木属落叶大乔木，是二球悬铃木的亲本，高可达30米，是世界著名的优良庭荫树和行道树，有“行道树之王”之称。其树冠阔钟形，干皮灰褐色至灰白色，呈薄片状剥落，性喜湿润温暖气候，较耐寒，欧亚大陆多地有栽培。法国梧桐在种植过程中，容易遭受法桐霉斑病、天牛等病虫害侵染，需要一种更加有效的、能综合防治病虫害的药剂。
发明内容
为了克服上述问题，本发明提供了一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，按重量份计，由如下原料均匀混合制成：50%退菌特可湿性粉剂500倍液100-150份、50%甲基托布津500倍液50-100份、50%敌百虫1000倍液80-120份、磷酸二氢钾2-5份、氯化钾2-5份、尿素5-8份、硫酸钠5-8份、蟾蜍草提取液2-5份、除虫菊提取液2-4份、川乌提取液1-2份、液态薄荷脑2-5份。
进一步的，一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，按重量份计，由如下原料均匀混合制成：50%退菌特可湿性粉剂500倍液120份、50%甲基托布津500倍液80份、50%敌百虫1000倍液100份、磷酸二氢钾3份、氯化钾3份、尿素6份、硫酸钠6份、蟾蜍草提取液3份、除虫菊提取液3份、川乌提取液2份、液态薄荷脑3份。
进一步的，所述蟾蜍草提取液，由新鲜蟾蜍草洗净切碎，加5倍蟾蜍草质量份数的水熬煮30分钟后过滤制得。
进一步的，所述除虫菊提取液，由除虫菊花朵烘干至含水量5%以下，粉碎至80目，加入5倍质量份数的发酵料，于35-40℃环境下发酵100分钟，分离杂质后制得；所述发酵料由纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、果胶酶、乳酸菌按质量份数比1:2:1:3混合而成。
进一步的，所述川乌提取液，由川乌洗净粉碎至120目，加入10倍川乌质量份数的70%乙醇溶液，于30-35℃、45-50kHz超声提取30-45分钟，过滤除杂，回收乙醇制得。
本发明的有益效果：法国梧桐在种植过程中，容易遭受法桐霉斑病、黄叶病、天牛等病虫害侵染，传统药剂功能单一，同时毒性较大，喷洒过程中容易损害使用者健康，本发明提供的一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，通过降低传统化学药剂的成分比例，配合植物提取物，不但防治效果更好，同时药剂的毒性更低，经过实验，本发明提供的一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，对法桐霉斑病、黄叶病、虫害的预防效果很好，喷洒过药物的法国梧桐树病虫害发病率在2.5%以下；同时，对于患病的植株，治愈率高达95%以上，同时治愈时间也比单一使用化学药剂短，见效快，更值得推广普及。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，按重量份计，由如下原料均匀混合制成：50%退菌特可湿性粉剂500倍液100份、50%甲基托布津500倍液50份、50%敌百虫1000倍液80份、磷酸二氢钾2份、氯化钾2份、尿素5份、硫酸钠5份、蟾蜍草提取液2份、除虫菊提取液2份、川乌提取液1份、液态薄荷脑2份。
进一步的，所述蟾蜍草提取液，由新鲜蟾蜍草洗净切碎，加5倍蟾蜍草质量份数的水熬煮30分钟后过滤制得。
进一步的，所述除虫菊提取液，由除虫菊花朵烘干至含水量5%以下，粉碎至80目，加入5倍质量份数的发酵料，于35-40℃环境下发酵100分钟，分离杂质后制得；所述发酵料由纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、果胶酶、乳酸菌按质量份数比1:2:1:3混合而成。
进一步的，所述川乌提取液，由川乌洗净粉碎至120目，加入10倍川乌质量份数的70%乙醇溶液，于30-35℃、45-50kHz超声提取30-45分钟，过滤除杂，回收乙醇制得。
实施例2
一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，按重量份计，由如下原料均匀混合制成：50%退菌特可湿性粉剂500倍液150份、50%甲基托布津500倍液100份、50%敌百虫1000倍液120份、磷酸二氢钾5份、氯化钾5份、尿素8份、硫酸钠8份、蟾蜍草提取液5份、除虫菊提取液4份、川乌提取液2份、液态薄荷脑5份。
进一步的，所述蟾蜍草提取液，由新鲜蟾蜍草洗净切碎，加5倍蟾蜍草质量份数的水熬煮30分钟后过滤制得。
进一步的，所述除虫菊提取液，由除虫菊花朵烘干至含水量5%以下，粉碎至80目，加入5倍质量份数的发酵料，于35-40℃环境下发酵100分钟，分离杂质后制得；所述发酵料由纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、果胶酶、乳酸菌按质量份数比1:2:1:3混合而成。
进一步的，所述川乌提取液，由川乌洗净粉碎至120目，加入10倍川乌质量份数的70%乙醇溶液，于30-35℃、45-50kHz超声提取30-45分钟，过滤除杂，回收乙醇制得。
实施例3
一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，按重量份计，由如下原料均匀混合制成：50%退菌特可湿性粉剂500倍液120份、50%甲基托布津500倍液80份、50%敌百虫1000倍液100份、磷酸二氢钾4份、氯化钾5份、尿素5份、硫酸钠6份、蟾蜍草提取液3份、除虫菊提取液3份、川乌提取液1份、液态薄荷脑3份。
进一步的，所述蟾蜍草提取液，由新鲜蟾蜍草洗净切碎，加5倍蟾蜍草质量份数的水熬煮30分钟后过滤制得。
进一步的，所述除虫菊提取液，由除虫菊花朵烘干至含水量5%以下，粉碎至80目，加入5倍质量份数的发酵料，于35-40℃环境下发酵100分钟，分离杂质后制得；所述发酵料由纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、果胶酶、乳酸菌按质量份数比1:2:1:3混合而成。
进一步的，所述川乌提取液，由川乌洗净粉碎至120目，加入10倍川乌质量份数的70%乙醇溶液，于30-35℃、45-50kHz超声提取30-45分钟，过滤除杂，回收乙醇制得。
对比实施例1
本对比实施例1与实施例1相比，不使用原料50%退菌特可湿性粉剂500倍液、50%甲基托布津500倍液、50%敌百虫1000倍液，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比实施例2
本对比实施例2与实施例2相比，不使用原料蟾蜍草提取液、除虫菊提取液、川乌提取液，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比实施例3
本对比实施例3与实施例3相比，不使用原料磷酸二氢钾、氯化钾、尿素、硫酸钠，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对照组
不使用任何病虫害防治药剂。
分别使用实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、对比实施例1、对比实施例2、对比实施例3、对照组提供的7种方法，对长势、树龄相近的刚刚移苗的法国梧桐幼苗进行药物喷洒，多次实验统计其发病率，结果如表1，能够反应药剂的预防效果；再选取已患病虫害的法国梧桐进行药物喷洒，多次实验统计其治愈率和治愈时间，结果如表2，反应药剂的治疗效果：
表1
法桐霉斑病发病率（%） 黄叶病发病率（%） 虫害发生率（%）
实施例1 1.1 1.9 2.2
实施例2 1.0 1.5 2.5
实施例3 1.2 1.3 2.3
对比实施例1 18.9 15.8 5.2
对比实施例2 10.6 8.9 11.2
对比实施例3 2.3 3.3 3.9
对照组 31.5 36.2 68.5
表2
由表1，表2可知，本发明提供的一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，对法桐霉斑病、黄叶病、虫害的预防效果很好，喷洒过药物的法国梧桐树病虫害发病率在2.5%以下；同时，对于患病的植株，治愈率高达95%以上，同时治愈时间也比单一使用化学药剂短，见效快，更值得推广普及。

Claims (5)

1.一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，其特征在于，按重量份计，由如下原料均匀混合制成：50%退菌特可湿性粉剂500倍液100-150份、50%甲基托布津500倍液50-100份、50%敌百虫1000倍液80-120份、磷酸二氢钾2-5份、氯化钾2-5份、尿素5-8份、硫酸钠5-8份、蟾蜍草提取液2-5份、除虫菊提取液2-4份、川乌提取液1-2份、液态薄荷脑2-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，其特征在于，按重量份计，由如下原料均匀混合制成：50%退菌特可湿性粉剂500倍液120份、50%甲基托布津500倍液80份、50%敌百虫1000倍液100份、磷酸二氢钾3份、氯化钾3份、尿素6份、硫酸钠6份、蟾蜍草提取液3份、除虫菊提取液3份、川乌提取液2份、液态薄荷脑3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，其特征在于：所述蟾蜍草提取液，由新鲜蟾蜍草洗净切碎，加5倍蟾蜍草质量份数的水熬煮30分钟后过滤制得。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，其特征在于：所述除虫菊提取液，由除虫菊花朵烘干至含水量5%以下，粉碎至80目，加入5倍质量份数的发酵料，于35-40℃环境下发酵100分钟，分离杂质后制得；所述发酵料由纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、果胶酶、乳酸菌按质量份数比1:2:1:3混合而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种法国梧桐的病虫害防治药剂，其特征在于：所述川乌提取液，由川乌洗净粉碎至120目，加入10倍川乌质量份数的70%乙醇溶液，于30-35℃、45-50kHz超声提取30-45分钟，过滤除杂，回收乙醇制得。
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