CN107036713B - Image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method - Google Patents
Image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107036713B CN107036713B CN201710348763.9A CN201710348763A CN107036713B CN 107036713 B CN107036713 B CN 107036713B CN 201710348763 A CN201710348763 A CN 201710348763A CN 107036713 B CN107036713 B CN 107036713B
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009615 fourier-transform spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000711 polarimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/30—Measuring the intensity of spectral lines directly on the spectrum itself
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/447—Polarisation spectrometry
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method, which is from left to right successively arranged the telescopic system for collimation, the first delayer, the second delayer, Wollaston prism, Savart polariscope, third delayer, analyzer, imaging lens and ccd detector along the primary optical axis of incident ray；Incident light becomes directional light after preposition telescopic system collimation, directional light passes sequentially through the first delayer, the second delayer, Wollaston prism, Savart polariscope, third delayer, analyzer and imaging lens, and two width triple channel interference patterns are finally got on ccd detector.The present invention is able to solve the problem of sequence measuring method time and Spatial Mismatch, can the fast-changing target of real-time measurement, while can overcome in channel spectrum technology, restore the shortcomings that intensity spectrum is seriously reduced there are error and spectral resolution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to measuring polarization state technical field, it is related to obtaining the device and method of image, linear polarization and spectrum, especially
It is a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method.
Background technique
Stokes vector composes the spectrum and polarization information that can completely describe target, and spectrum and polarization information are for ground
Ball remote sensing has great significance, and spectrum and polarization information are to Objects recognition, atmospheric monitoring and physical property context of detection
Play an important role.Imaging spectral polarization technology only has a small number of sections as a kind of novel optical detection method in the world at present
Grind institutions conduct correlative study work.Especially interference type imaging composes polarimeter (Interference
Spectropolarimeter, ISP), at present still in Principle Exploration and experimental verification stage, technological means is not yet mature.
The measurement method of conventional polarization state (Stokes vector spectrum) has and measures in chronological order and spatially in the world at present
The methods of proceeding measurement, these methods are required to take multiple measurements target, there are problems that time or Spatial Mismatch, limit
Its resolution ratio and polarimetry precision, while it being difficult to real-time measurement, it is limited in the application in Polarization Detection field.1999
The channel spectrum polarization technology of the propositions such as year Kazuhiko Oka can pass through the full polarization state that single measurement obtains detection target
Information has real-time detection ability.However this method needs to carry out channel filtering when restoring intensity spectrum and polarization spectrum, it should
Process makes maximum optical path difference be reduced to original 1/7 or 1/3, according to Fourier transform spectroscopy principle, restores intensity light
Spectrum and the resolution ratio of polarization spectrum can be reduced to original 1/7 or 1/3, seriously affect recovery spectral resolution.In channel
When modulation, since there are more serious spectral aliasings with polarization spectrum interchannel in intensity spectrum channel, it is impossible to pass through filtering
It completely removes, causes to restore in Stokes vector spectrum in the presence of not eliminable error.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum are provided
With linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method, the problem of being able to solve sequence measuring method time and Spatial Mismatch, Neng Goushi
When measure fast-changing target, while can overcome in channel spectrum technology, restoring intensity spectrum, there are error and spectrum point
The shortcomings that resolution seriously reduces.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Present invention firstly provides a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating systems: the system edge
The primary optical axis of incident ray be from left to right successively arranged the telescopic system for collimation, the first delayer, the second delayer,
Wollaston prism, Savart polariscope, third delayer, analyzer, imaging lens and ccd detector；Incident light is through preposition prestige
Become directional light after remote system collimation, directional light pass sequentially through the first delayer, the second delayer, Wollaston prism,
Savart polariscope, third delayer, analyzer and imaging lens finally get the interference of two width triple channels on ccd detector
Figure.
Further, above-mentioned telescopic system is made of the first lens, field stop and the second lens；The field stop setting
On primary optical axis between the first lens and the second lens.Field stop is located on the back focal plane of the first lens, and thoroughly with second
The front focal plane of mirror is overlapped.
Further, system above building meets the xyz coordinate system of the right-hand rule, and primary optical axis is z-axis, first delayer
Fast axis direction and the angle of x-axis forward direction be 0 °, the fast axis direction of the second delayer and the angle of x-axis forward direction are 45 °；
The optical axis of Wollasto prism is located at yz and xz plane, and optical axis is vertical with z-axis.The optical axis of Savart polariscope left plate with
The positive angle at 45 ° of z-axis, projection and x-axis forward direction angle in x/y plane are 45 °；The optical axis and z of Savart polariscope right panel
Axis negative sense angle at 45 °, projection and x-axis forward direction angle in x/y plane are 45 °.The fast axis direction and x-axis of delayer are positive
Angle be 45 °；The saturating vibration direction of analyzer is parallel with y-axis.The photosurface of ccd detector is located at the back focal plane of imaging lens.
The present invention also proposes a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linearly polarized light spectrum detecting method:
Incident light becomes directional light after preposition telescopic system collimation, and directional light passes sequentially through the first delayer, second prolongs
Slow device, Wollaston prism, Savart polariscope, third delayer, analyzer and imaging lens, are finally obtained on ccd detector
The two width triple channel interference strength I got1And I2It is respectively as follows:
WhereinThe retardation that respectively the first delayer, the second delayer, third delayer generate；ΔSP
The optical path difference generated for Savart polariscope；
It can be obtained by above two formula:
According to Fourier transform spectroscopy principle, S out can be restored by carrying out Fourier transformation to formula0；To formula channel filtering
And Fourier transformation, available S0, S1, S2 and S3:
Wherein FT { } represents Fourier transformation, and real { } representative takes real part, and imag { } representative takes imaginary part；
S0Represent light intensity, S1Represent the intensity difference of 0 ° and 90 ° linearly polarized light, S2Represent the intensity of 45 ° and 135 ° linearly polarized lights
Difference, S3Represent the intensity difference of dextrorotation and left circularly polarized light.
The invention has the following advantages:
Image of the present invention, high-resolution intensity spectrum pass through different spectral modulations from linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method
The light of module carries out angle shearing, and propagates it in different directions, and it is logical that two width intensity spectrums are finally obtained on ccd detector
The interference strength of road phase complements, this two width interference strength subtract each other, and retrievable intensity spectrum channel occupies whole optical path differences,
The intensity spectrum of recovery maintains the original spectral resolution of instrument, is not influenced by polarization spectrum channels crosstalk；Two width are dry
Intensity spectrum channel can be offset by relating to intensity addition, be eliminated to the crosstalk in polarization spectrum channel, so as to so as to restore
Intensity spectrum restores Stokes arrows whole out by single measurement while holding interference type spectral instrument original resolution ratio
Amount influences the intensity spectrum restored by crosstalk compared with conventional channels spectrum polarizing technology, eliminates and restore in polarization spectrum
Main cross-talk error, as a result more accurate and spectral resolution improves 3-7 times.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Wherein, 1 is telescopic system；101 be the first lens, 102 be field stop；103 be the second lens；2 prolong for first
Slow device；3 be the second delayer；4 be Wollaston prism；5 be Savart polariscope；6 be third delayer；7 be analyzer；8
For imaging lens；9 be ccd detector.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention is based on the image of channel spectrum technology, polarization and spectrum investigating systems are as follows: along incident light
Line is successively arranged telescopic system 1, the first delayer 2, the second delayer 3, Wollaston prism 4, Savart polariscope 5, third
Delayer 6, analyzer 7, imaging lens 8 and CCD 9.Wherein telescopic system includes lens 101, field stop 102 and lens 103.
Field stop 102 is located on the back focal plane of lens 101, and is overlapped with the front focal plane of lens 103.
If primary optical axis is z-axis, construct xyz coordinate system, the xyz coordinate system meets the right-hand rule, the first delayer 2 it is fast
The angle of axis direction and x-axis forward direction is 0 °, and the fast axis direction of the second delayer 3 and the angle of x-axis forward direction are 45 °；Wollaston
The optical axis of prism 4 is located at yz and xz plane, and optical axis is vertical with z-axis；The optical axis and z-axis of 5 left plate of Savart polariscope are just
To angle at 45 °, projection and x-axis forward direction angle in x/y plane are 45 °；The optical axis and z-axis of 5 right panel of Savart polariscope are negative
To angle at 45 °, projection and x-axis forward direction angle in x/y plane are 45 °；The fast axis direction and x-axis of third delayer 6 are positive
Angle be 45 °；The saturating vibration direction of analyzer 7 is parallel with y-axis；The photosurface of ccd detector 9 is located at the back focal plane of imaging lens 8
Place.
Spectrum polarizing detection method of the present invention based on polarization arrays the following steps are included:
By polarization optics principle it is found that the Muller Mueller matrix of delayer are as follows:
Wherein, θ be delayer fast axis direction and x-axis forward direction angle,For the phase-delay quantity of delayer,D is delayer thickness.
The Mueller matrix of analyzer are as follows:
Wherein θ is saturating vibration direction and the x-axis forward direction angle of polarizer.
Since the two-beam finally interfered is Savart polariscope light splitting gained, the Wollaston prism in system
Two polarization directions can be equivalent to postpone along the polarizer of x-axis and y-axis, the two polarizers and the first delayer 2, second respectively
Device 3 has collectively constituted spectral modulation module, and WP makes to propagate in different directions by the two-beam of different spectral modulation modules.
According to polarization optics principle, spatial point (x, y) issues the Stokes vector S (x, y, λ) of light beam are as follows:
Wherein, S0For light beam gross energy, I0°、I90°、I45°And I135°Light beam is respectively indicated by 0 °, 90 °, 45 ° and 135 °
Intensity after linear polarizer, IRAnd ILIndicate the dextrorotation and left circularly polarized light in light beam.Incident Stokes vector SinWithThe relationship of corresponding Stokes vector are as follows:
When describing the spectrum and polarization information of incident light by Stokes vector, since ccd detector 9 only has total light intensity
Response, and it is insensitive to the polarization state of light, therefore only consider the S of incident light0Component modulation case, incident light are looked in the distance through preposition
System 1 becomes directional light after collimating, directional light by the first delayer 2, the second delayer 3 and Wollaston prism 4,
The two width triple channels that Savart polariscope 5, third delayer 6, analyzer 7, imaging lens 8 finally obtain on ccd detector 9 are dry
Relate to figure.The two width interference patterns obtained on ccd detector can be obtained by bringing the corresponding Muller matrix of each element into above formula are as follows:
WhereinThe retardation that respectively the first delayer 2, the second delayer 3, third delayer 4 generate；
ΔSPThe optical path difference generated for Savart polariscope 5.
It can be obtained by above two formula:
According to Fourier transform spectroscopy principle, S out can be restored by carrying out Fourier transformation to (7) formula0；It is logical to (8) formula
Road filtering and Fourier transformation, available S0、S1、S2And S3:
The above S0Represent light intensity, S1Represent the intensity difference of 0 ° and 90 ° linearly polarized light, S2Represent 45 ° and 135 ° linearly polarized lights
Intensity difference, S3Represent the intensity difference of dextrorotation and left circularly polarized light.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, which is characterized in that along the master of incident ray
Optical axis be from left to right successively arranged the telescopic system (1) for collimation, the first delayer (2), the second delayer (3),
Wollaston prism (4), Savart polariscope (5), third delayer (6), analyzer (7), imaging lens (8) and ccd detector
(9)；Incident light becomes directional light after preposition telescopic system (1) collimates, and directional light passes sequentially through the first delayer (2), second
Delayer (3), Wollaston prism (4), Savart polariscope (5), third delayer (6), analyzer (7) and imaging lens
(8), two width triple channel interference patterns are finally got on ccd detector (9), building meets the xyz coordinate system of the right-hand rule, main
Optical axis is z-axis, and the fast axis direction of first delayer (2) and the angle of x-axis forward direction are 0 °, the fast axle of the second delayer (3)
The angle of direction and x-axis forward direction is 45 °；The optical axis of Wollasto prism (4) is located at yz and xz plane, and optical axis is and z-axis
Vertically, the fast axis direction of third delayer (6) and the angle of x-axis forward direction are 45 °；The saturating vibration direction of analyzer (7) and y-axis are flat
Row, the photosurface of ccd detector (9) are located at the back focal plane of imaging lens (8).
2. image according to claim 1, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, feature exist
In the telescopic system (1) is made of the first lens (101), field stop (102) and the second lens (103)；The visual field light
Late (102) are set on the primary optical axis between the first lens (101) and the second lens (103).
3. image according to claim 2, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, feature exist
In field stop (102) is located on the back focal plane of the first lens (101), and is overlapped with the front focal plane of the second lens (103).
4. image according to claim 1, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, feature exist
In, the positive angle at 45 ° of the optical axis and z-axis of Savart polariscope (5) left plate, projection and x-axis forward direction angle in x/y plane
It is 45 °；The optical axis and z-axis negative sense angle at 45 ° of Savart polariscope (5) right panel, projection and x-axis forward direction in x/y plane are pressed from both sides
Angle is 45 °.
5. the detection method of a kind of image as described in claim 1, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system,
It is characterized by: incident light becomes directional light after preposition telescopic system (1) collimates, directional light passes sequentially through the first delayer
(2), the second delayer (3), Wollaston prism (4), Savart polariscope (5), third delayer (6), analyzer (7) and
Imaging lens (8), the two width triple channel interference strength I finally got on ccd detector (9)1And I2It is respectively as follows:
WhereinThe delay that respectively the first delayer (2), the second delayer (3), third delayer (4) generate
Amount；ΔSPThe optical path difference generated for Savart polariscope (5)；
It can be obtained by above two formula:
According to Fourier transform spectroscopy principle, S out can be restored by carrying out Fourier transformation to (3) formula0；To (4) formula channel filtering
And Fourier transformation, available S0, S1, S2 and S3:
Wherein FT { } represents Fourier transformation, and real { } representative takes real part, and imag { } representative takes imaginary part
S0Represent light intensity, S1Represent the intensity difference of 0 ° and 90 ° linearly polarized light, S2Represent the intensity difference of 45 ° and 135 ° linearly polarized lights, S3
Represent the intensity difference of dextrorotation and left circularly polarized light.
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| CN110261317B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2021-11-16 | 西安理工大学 | Measurement system and method for Mueller matrix spectrum |
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| CN102426058A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-04-25 | 西安交通大学 | Static interference imaging polarizer and method for acquiring polarization information of target |
| CN102879097A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-01-16 | 西安交通大学 | Circular polarization hyperspectral image detection system |
| CN105606217A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-05-25 | 西安交通大学 | Image-spectrum-polarization-state integrated obtaining apparatus and method |
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| US9046422B2 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2015-06-02 | The Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of The University Of Arizona | Ultra-compact snapshot imaging fourier transform spectrometer |
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| CN102426058A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-04-25 | 西安交通大学 | Static interference imaging polarizer and method for acquiring polarization information of target |
| CN102879097A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-01-16 | 西安交通大学 | Circular polarization hyperspectral image detection system |
| CN105606217A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-05-25 | 西安交通大学 | Image-spectrum-polarization-state integrated obtaining apparatus and method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| Full Stokes spectralpolarimeter based on the polarization-difference interference imaging spectrometer;Naicheng Quan.et.al;《Proc. SPIE 10256, Second International Conference on Photonics and Optical Engineering》;20170228;正文第102560I-2页倒数第3行-第102560I-5页第1行及附图图1 |
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