CN107036504B - Wall thickness measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents

Wall thickness measuring device and measuring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107036504B
CN107036504B CN201710440934.0A CN201710440934A CN107036504B CN 107036504 B CN107036504 B CN 107036504B CN 201710440934 A CN201710440934 A CN 201710440934A CN 107036504 B CN107036504 B CN 107036504B
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measuring
workpiece
dial indicator
assembly
measuring rod
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CN107036504A (en
Inventor
喻萍
王海云
刘衡湘
喻立
刘平
廖敏昱
曾立
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Jiangnan Industries Group Co Ltd
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Jiangnan Industries Group Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/02Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B5/06Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness

Abstract

The invention discloses a wall thickness measuring device and a wall thickness measuring method. The wall thickness measuring device comprises a base, an operation assembly, a rear positioning assembly, a front positioning assembly and a measuring rod assembly, wherein the operation assembly, the rear positioning assembly, the front positioning assembly and the measuring rod assembly are arranged on the base; the rear positioning assembly and the front positioning assembly are used for clamping and positioning a workpiece, and the measuring rod assembly is provided with a dial indicator and a measuring rod; when the wall thickness of a workpiece is measured, the contact center of a dial indicator positioned on the outer side wall of the workpiece and the contact center of a measuring rod positioned on the inner side wall of the workpiece are equal to the central axis of the workpiece in height, and the contact center line of the dial indicator and the contact center line of the measuring rod are on the same straight line; the operation assembly is used for adjusting the measuring point positions of the dial indicator and the measuring rod. The invention can measure the wall thickness of parts at any position in a large area and multiple points, and has the advantages of precise and reliable measurement, compact structure and high measurement efficiency.

Description

Wall thickness measuring device and measuring method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wall thickness measuring device and a wall thickness measuring method, which are particularly suitable for conveniently measuring the wall thickness of a circular-arc multi-angle cone with high requirement on dimensional accuracy.
Background
The shape and size requirements of key parts of some flying objects are very high, for example, the wall thickness dimensional tolerance of a thin-wall cone part is often required to be within 0.05-0.10 mm, and the performance of a product is directly influenced by the excessive wall thickness tolerance, so that the wall thickness measurement of the part is a key point of a process.
However, some thin-wall cones are multi-angle and arc-shaped, and because the shape is complex, accurate measurement of the wall thickness is a difficult point, and manual operation of a common caliper cannot measure the wall thickness at all; the measurement accuracy is affected by the cone cambered surface by adopting an electronic instrument or an ultrasonic thickness gauge, and the measurement efficiency of measuring each part of the whole cone surface by using three-coordinate equipment is too low and the cost is too high.
For example, for electronic instrument measurement, chinese patent application No. cn201510810944.X discloses a measuring gauge stand for measuring wall thickness of a cylindrical part and a measuring method, wherein the measuring gauge stand for measuring wall thickness of a cylindrical part comprises the following components: the device comprises a support rod I, a support rod II, a cross rod, an adjusting device, a dial indicator, a measuring head and a base; lower extreme fixed connection in the upside one end of base of branch II, branch I's lower extreme swing joint in the other end of base, and branch I's upper end is awl point column structure, and the one end of horizontal pole is passed through adjusting device and is linked to each other with branch II's upper end, and the percentage table is connected in the other end of horizontal pole, and the measuring head is connected in the lower extreme of percentage table, and the measuring head docks with the awl point column structure of branch I upper end, and the section of thick bamboo wall of being surveyed the section of thick bamboo shape part is located between measuring head and the branch I.
For example, the chinese patent application No. cn201610497557.X discloses a probe adjusting device for ultrasonic measurement of a titanium alloy tube wall thickness, wherein a first connecting member is arranged in a detection device housing, a second connecting member is fixed at one end of the first connecting member, a top surface of the second connecting member is attached to bottom surfaces of an upper adjusting screw and a lower adjusting screw, a main adjusting body housing is arranged at the other end of the first connecting member, a third connecting member and a fourth connecting member which are fixed together are arranged in the main adjusting body housing, the third connecting member is in threaded fit with a height adjusting screw which can rotate in situ, a probe placing groove is embedded in the fourth connecting member, a probe is arranged in the probe placing groove, a fine adjusting screw which can rotate in situ is arranged beside the probe, and a left adjusting screw and a right adjusting screw are symmetrically arranged at left and right sides of the main adjusting body housing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wall thickness measuring device and a wall thickness measuring method, the wall thickness measuring device utilizes the combination of a measuring contact and a dial indicator, adopts a contact product outline type measuring method, can measure the wall thickness of parts (especially arc multi-angle thin-wall cone parts) at any position in a large area and multiple points, and has the advantages of precision and reliability in measurement, compact structure and high measuring efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the wall thickness measuring device is characterized by comprising a base, an operation assembly, a rear positioning assembly, a front positioning assembly and a measuring rod assembly, wherein the operation assembly, the rear positioning assembly, the front positioning assembly and the measuring rod assembly are arranged on the base; the rear positioning assembly and the front positioning assembly are used for clamping and positioning a workpiece, and the measuring rod assembly is provided with a dial indicator and a measuring rod; when the wall thickness of a workpiece is measured, the contact center of a dial indicator positioned on the outer side wall of the workpiece and the contact center of a measuring rod positioned on the inner side wall of the workpiece are equal to the central axis of the workpiece in height, and the contact center line of the dial indicator and the contact center line of the measuring rod are on the same straight line; the operation assembly is used for adjusting the measuring point positions of the dial indicator and the measuring rod.
The heights of the contact center of the dial indicator and the contact center of the measuring rod and the central axis of the workpiece are not absolute heights, but the allowable error is within the range of +/-0.05 mm.
Preferably, the workpiece is a cone, and more preferably is a part with a circular arc multi-angle thin-wall cone.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the invention can be further optimized, and the following is a technical scheme formed after optimization:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the front positioning assembly comprises a front support arranged on the base, and a bracket used for positioning one end of the workpiece is arranged at the top of the front support; the bracket is provided with a notch, and when the bracket is installed, the notch is horizontal and faces the direction of the measuring rod assembly, so that the measuring rod enters the measuring position from the notch. More preferably, the positioning end of the bracket is provided with three grooves, and a small bearing is sleeved in each groove through a bearing. Therefore, the small bearing can be used for conveniently rotating the workpiece to measure the wall thickness.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the rear positioning assembly comprises a rear support arranged on the base, the top of the rear support is provided with a sliding sleeve, and one end of the sliding sleeve is provided with an inner center used for positioning the other end of the workpiece; preferably, the outer end of the sliding sleeve is provided with a spring and an adjusting screw.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the measuring rod assembly comprises an upright post and a dial gauge seat, wherein a connecting sleeve is sleeved on the upright post, a connecting rod is arranged at the top of the connecting sleeve, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the measuring rod; the dial indicator is arranged at the top of the dial indicator seat; the lower part of the connecting sleeve is connected with the lower part of the dial gauge seat through a swinging rod; the positions of the upright post and the dial indicator seat are adjusted through the operation assembly.
Preferably, the base comprises a support and a guide plate arranged on the support, and the guide plate is provided with a groove I and a groove II for mounting the sliding plate; the stand column and the dial indicator seat are arranged on the sliding plate, and the measuring point position of the dial indicator and the measuring rod is adjusted by adjusting the position of the sliding plate relative to the guide plate.
In order to adjust the positions of the dial indicator and the measuring rod conveniently through the swinging rod, the sliding plate is provided with a handle seat and a pull rod arranged on the handle seat.
In order to realize that the swinging rod, the dial indicator seat and the connecting sleeve swing around the upright post conveniently, a plurality of balls arranged around the bottom end of the upright post are arranged between the connecting sleeve and the swinging rod.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a method for measuring the wall thickness by using the wall thickness measuring device, which comprises the following steps: the contact of the dial indicator contacts the outer wall of the workpiece, the contact of the measuring rod contacts the inner wall of the workpiece, the measuring contact of the measuring rod and the measuring contact of the dial indicator respectively contact the outline of the workpiece to measure the outline of the workpiece, during measurement, the contact center of the dial indicator and the contact center of the measuring rod are equal in height with the central axis of the workpiece, and the contact center line of the dial indicator and the contact center line of the measuring rod are on the same straight line.
Further, the method for measuring the wall thickness comprises the following steps:
s1, when measuring, firstly, a qualified product is taken as a measurement standard body, and the measurement standard body is positioned and installed between the rear positioning component and the front positioning component;
s2, adjusting the positions of the measuring rod and the dial indicator through the operation assembly, so that the measuring rod and the dial indicator are respectively sent to the measuring positions of the inner wall and the outer wall of the measuring standard body, and zeroing the dial indicator;
s3, taking away the measurement standard body, and placing a workpiece to be measured;
s4, operating the measuring rod assembly to enable the measuring rod and the dial indicator to slide along the outline of the workpiece, slowly rotating the workpiece at the same time, measuring the wall thickness of any position in the taper direction and the circumferential direction of the workpiece, and measuring the numerical value displayed by the dial indicator, namely the tolerance of the product size, so as to judge whether the wall thickness of the workpiece is qualified.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the wall thickness measuring device disclosed by the invention is compact in structure, simple in principle, accurate in track calculation, capable of accurately measuring the wall thickness of the multi-angle thin-wall cone part at one time, and convenient and simple in part loading and unloading measurement.
The invention carries out combined design on the guide plate and part of the front and rear positioning parts, can meet the requirement of measuring the wall thickness of parts with different shapes, and has ideal measuring efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly schematic of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an assembly view of the front and rear assemblies of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an assembly view of the spindle assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the measurement principle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the thin-walled cone wall thickness measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a stent of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the sliding panel construction of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a top view of fig. 9.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the thin-wall cone wall thickness measuring device comprises an operating assembly 101, a rear positioning assembly 102, a front positioning assembly 103, a measuring rod assembly 104, a support 1, a guide plate 2, a pin 8, a screw 9, a dial indicator 13 and a tension spring 14. In the figure, part number 4 is a product schematic.
The support 1 and the guide plate 2 are connected by a pin 8 and a screw 9 to form a base mechanism which connects the components into a whole.
The operating component 101 is composed of a sliding plate 3, a bearing 5, a limiting sleeve 6, a handle seat 11, a pull rod 12, a screw 7 and a screw 10, wherein the pull rod 12 is inserted into the two handle seats 11, the screw 10 connects the handle seat 11 with the sliding plate 3, the bearing 5 is arranged on a lower shaft of the handle seat 11, and the bearing 5 is limited in two grooves of the guide plate 2 by the limiting sleeve 6 and the screw 7. Under the action of the bearing 5, the slide plate 3 can be freely pushed on the guide plate 2 according to the track determined by the two grooves by operating the pull rod 12.
Referring to fig. 3, the rear positioning component 102 and the front positioning component 103 are both mounted on the support 1 by using the screws 32 and the pins 33. In the rear positioning assembly 102, an inner top 22 assembled with a bearing 16 and an inner washer 21 is installed in a sliding sleeve 20, the spring 19 and an adjusting screw 18 are installed in a hole of a rear support 15, a protective sleeve 23 is pressed into the inner top 22, the elasticity of the spring 19 is adjusted by the adjusting screw 18 so as to be convenient for placing a product, and the product is locked by a nut 17 after adjustment. The front positioning component 103 is provided with three sets of small bearings 25, long gaskets 24 and short gaskets 27 in a bearing sleeve 26, the bearing sleeve 26 is arranged in three grooves of a bracket 29 and is inserted with pins 28 to be fixed, and the bracket 29 is arranged in a hole of a front support 31 and locked by a nut 30. The notch is positioned horizontally and toward the spindle assembly 104 when the carriage 29 is installed so that the measuring stick 38 is brought into the measuring position from the notch (see fig. 4 for measuring stick 38).
Referring to fig. 4, in the measuring bar assembly 104, the lower middle shaft of the dial gauge seat 35 is in transition fit with the hole on one side of the swing rod 36, and the lowest small shaft is loosely inserted into the hole corresponding to the sliding plate 3, so that a large gap is formed for automatic fine adjustment in the measuring process. After the direction of the dial gauge seat 35 is adjusted, the dial gauge seat is positioned by a screw 34, a gauge clamp screw 37 is used for clamping and fixing the dial gauge 13, and a contact of the dial gauge 13 is in contact with the outer wall of a product; on the other side of the oscillating rod 36, the upright post 44 is tightly matched with the sliding plate 3 and tightly positioned by a set screw 48, the upright post 44 is in small-gap rotating fit with the connecting sleeve 46, a plurality of balls 47 surround the upright post 44 and are arranged in a stepped hole of the oscillating rod 36 at the lower end of the connecting sleeve 46, and the connecting sleeve 46, the oscillating rod 36 and the connecting rod 41 are tightly matched and are respectively pressed by screws 45. The pin shaft 40 and the screw 39 connect the measuring rod 38 and the connecting rod 41 into a whole, the gasket 42 and the nut 43 lock the vertical direction of the connecting rod 41, and the contact of the measuring rod 38 contacts the inner wall of a product. Therefore, the swing rod 36, the dial indicator seat 35, the connecting rod 41, the measuring rod 38, the connecting sleeve 46, the dial indicator 13 and various screws form a measuring rod assembly, and parts are required to be free from loosening and can swing around the upright post 44 under the action of the ball 47.
The wall thickness measuring device utilizes the combination of a measuring contact and a dial indicator, and adopts a contact product profile type measuring method. The sliding plate 3 can be freely pushed on the guide plate 2 according to the track determined by the two grooves by operating the pull rod 12, and the sliding plate 3 drives the measuring rod assembly to measure along the product outline. Referring to FIG. 5, the letters in the figure are the same, i.e. the size or the angle is the same, a' is less than or equal to a, the central line tracks of the grooves I and II of the guide plate 2 ensure that the measuring rod assembly of the product measures along the outline of the product, the contact of the dial indicator 13 contacts the outer wall of the product, and the contact of the measuring rod 38 contacts the inner wall of the product. And measuring the wall thickness of the section theta 1, and pushing the section a on the guide plate 2 by the sliding plate 3 so as to drive the measuring rod assembly to measure the wall thickness along the contour of the product theta 1. When the measuring bar touches the product circular arc, the first operating point (namely the position of one of the handle seats 11 and the bearing 5) of the operating component 101 on the sliding plate 4 is at the point A of the I-shaped groove 51, the second operating point (namely the position of the other handle seat 11 and the bearing 5) is at the point B of the II-shaped groove 52, the central R section of the I-shaped groove 51 is the same as the product circular arc in size, the point B of the II-shaped groove 52 is taken as the center of a circle, the operating component 101 is rotated, the sliding plate 4 slides to the point C along the central R section of the I-shaped groove 51, so that the measuring bar component is driven to slide through the product circular arc position, and the B-size section of the sliding plate 3 on the guide plate 2 pushes to drive the measuring bar component to measure the wall thickness along the product theta 2 contour.
The whole set of wall thickness measuring device is assembled and debugged, so that the height of the center line of the dial indicator 13 (namely the center of the contact) and the height of the center of the contact of the measuring rod 38 are equal to the central axis of the product, the error is less than or equal to 0.05mm, and the center line of the contact of the dial indicator 13 and the center line of the contact of the measuring rod 38 are on the same straight line. One end of the tension spring 14 is hung on the screw 34, and the other end is hung on the handle seat 11, so as to adjust the contact pressure of the contact of the measuring rod 38 and the product, and ensure the accuracy of the measurement of the wall thickness of the product.
When in measurement, a qualified product is taken as a measurement standard body, the sliding sleeve 20 is pulled to compress the spring 19, the measurement standard body is sleeved in the protective sleeve 23, the sliding sleeve 20 is loosened, and the inner wall of the measurement standard body is sleeved on the bearing sleeve 26 on the support 29 under the action of the resilience force of the spring 19. Under the action of spring force and front and rear bearings, the product can be positioned front and rear and can be conveniently and flexibly rotated. The slide plate 4 can be driven to respectively send the measuring rod 38 and the dial indicator 13 to the measuring positions of the inner wall and the outer wall of the measuring standard body along the track determined by the two grooves on the guide plate 2 by operating the pull rod 12, and the dial indicator 13 is zeroed at the moment. And taking away the measuring standard body and placing the product to be measured. And operating the measuring rod assembly 104 to enable the measuring rod 38 and the dial indicator 13 to slide along the product outline, and slowly rotating the product, so that the wall thickness of any position in the taper direction and the circumferential direction can be measured, and the numerical value displayed by the dial indicator 13 in the measurement is the tolerance of the product size, so that whether the wall thickness of the product is qualified or not is judged.
The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as modified in all equivalent forms, by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The wall thickness measuring device for the arc multi-angle thin-wall cone workpiece is characterized by comprising a base, an operation assembly (101), a rear positioning assembly (102), a front positioning assembly (103) and a measuring rod assembly (104), wherein the operation assembly, the rear positioning assembly, the front positioning assembly and the measuring rod assembly are arranged on the base; the rear positioning assembly (102) and the front positioning assembly (103) are used for clamping and positioning a workpiece (4), and the measuring rod assembly (104) is provided with a dial indicator (13) and a measuring rod (38); when the wall thickness of a workpiece (4) is measured, the contact center of a dial indicator (13) positioned on the outer side wall of the workpiece (4) and the contact center of a measuring rod (38) positioned on the inner side wall of the workpiece (4) are equal in height to the central axis of the workpiece (4), and the contact center line of the dial indicator (13) and the contact center line of the measuring rod (38) are on the same straight line; the operating assembly (101) is used for adjusting measuring point positions of the dial indicator (13) and the measuring rod (38);
the measuring rod assembly (104) comprises an upright post (44) and a dial indicator seat (35), a connecting sleeve (46) is sleeved on the upright post (44), a connecting rod (41) is arranged at the top of the connecting sleeve (46), and the connecting rod (41) is fixedly connected with the measuring rod (38); the dial indicator (13) is arranged at the top of the dial indicator seat (35); the lower part of the coupling sleeve (46) is connected with the lower part of the dial gauge seat (35) through a swinging rod (36); the positions of the upright post (44) and the dial indicator seat (35) are adjusted through an operation assembly (101);
the base comprises a support (1) and a guide plate (2) arranged on the support (1), wherein a groove I (51) and a groove II (52) for mounting the sliding plate (3) are formed in the guide plate (2); the upright post (44) and the dial indicator seat (35) are arranged on the sliding plate (3), and the measuring point positions of the dial indicator (13) and the measuring rod (38) are adjusted by adjusting the position of the sliding plate (3) relative to the guide plate (2);
the center line tracks of the groove I (51) and the groove II (52) on the guide plate (2) ensure that the measuring rod (38) and the dial indicator (13) measure along the profile of the workpiece.
2. The device for measuring the wall thickness of the circular-arc multi-angle thin-wall cone workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the front positioning assembly (103) comprises a front support (31) arranged on a base, and a bracket (29) for positioning one end of the workpiece is arranged at the top of the front support (31); the support (29) has a recess, and the position of the recess is horizontal and faces the direction of the measuring rod assembly (104) when the support (29) is installed, so that the measuring rod (38) enters the measuring position from the recess.
3. The device for measuring the wall thickness of the circular-arc multi-angle thin-wall conical workpiece according to claim 2, wherein the positioning end of the support (29) is provided with three grooves, and a small bearing (25) is arranged in each groove through a bearing sleeve (26).
4. The device for measuring the wall thickness of the circular arc multi-angle thin-wall cone workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the rear positioning assembly (102) comprises a rear support (15) arranged on a base, the top of the rear support (15) is provided with a sliding sleeve (20), and one end of the sliding sleeve (20) is provided with an inner top (22) used for positioning the other end of the workpiece; the outer end of the sliding sleeve (20) is provided with a spring (19) and an adjusting screw (18).
5. The device for measuring the wall thickness of the circular arc multi-angle thin-wall cone workpiece according to the claim 1 is characterized in that the sliding plate (3) is provided with a handle seat (11) and a pull rod (12) arranged on the handle seat (11).
6. The device for measuring the wall thickness of the circular arc multi-angle thin-wall cone workpiece according to the claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of balls (47) arranged around the bottom end of the upright column (44) are arranged between the connecting sleeve (46) and the swinging rod (36).
7. The method for measuring the wall thickness by using the wall thickness measuring device with the arc multi-angle thin-wall conical workpiece, which is characterized in that a contact of a dial indicator (13) is contacted with the outer wall of the workpiece, a contact of a measuring rod (38) is contacted with the inner wall of the workpiece, the measuring contact of the measuring rod (38) and the measuring contact of the dial indicator are respectively contacted with the outline of the workpiece to measure the outline of the workpiece, during measurement, the contact center of the dial indicator (13) and the contact center of the measuring rod (38) are all as high as the central axis of the workpiece (4), and the contact center line of the dial indicator (13) and the contact center line of the measuring rod (38) are on the same straight line, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, when in measurement, firstly, a qualified product is used as a measurement standard body, and the measurement standard body is positioned and installed between the rear positioning assembly (102) and the front positioning assembly (103);
s2, adjusting the positions of the measuring rod (38) and the dial indicator (13) through the operation assembly (101), so that the measuring rod (38) and the dial indicator (13) are respectively sent to the measuring positions of the inner wall and the outer wall of the measuring standard body, and the dial indicator (13) is zeroed;
s3, taking away the measurement standard body, and placing a workpiece (4) to be measured;
s4, operating the measuring rod assembly (104), enabling the measuring rod (38) and the dial indicator (13) to slide along the outline of the workpiece (4), slowly rotating the workpiece (4), measuring the wall thickness of any position of the workpiece (4) in the taper direction and the circumferential direction, and measuring the numerical value displayed by the dial indicator (13), namely the tolerance of the workpiece size, so as to judge whether the wall thickness of the workpiece (4) is qualified.
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