CN107034462B - One kind is for stainless steel surface acieral coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
One kind is for stainless steel surface acieral coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107034462B CN107034462B CN201710432715.8A CN201710432715A CN107034462B CN 107034462 B CN107034462 B CN 107034462B CN 201710432715 A CN201710432715 A CN 201710432715A CN 107034462 B CN107034462 B CN 107034462B
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017150 AlTi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015372 FeAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002555 FeNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910006751 Si—Ti—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910008479 TiSi2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006221 acetate fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DFJQEGUNXWZVAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis($l^{2}-silanylidene)titanium Chemical compound [Si]=[Ti]=[Si] DFJQEGUNXWZVAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 i.e. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- B22F1/0003—
Abstract
The present invention relates to the laser application fields of matrix surface, more particularly to one kind is for stainless steel surface acieral coating and preparation method thereof.Provided by the present invention for stainless steel surface acieral coating preparation method comprising steps of handling stainless steel substrate surface；Acieral powder is mixed into powder: the prealloy coating on substrate；Alloy coat drying: laser melting coating is finally carried out.Coating provided by the invention improves matrix surface high temperature oxidation resistance and sulfuration resistant performance while improving stainless steel base surface hardness and friction and wear behavior.Preparation method process costs provided by the invention are lower, are readily produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the laser application fields of matrix surface, more particularly to a kind of stainless steel surface acieral that is used for apply
Layer and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Since 304 stainless steels can be mass produced, 304 stainless steels have largely been widely used and automobile parts, doctor
Treat utensil and ship components etc..304 stainless steels have good heat resisting corrosion-proof corrosion, good mechanical performance, still
Its lower hardness, abrasion resistance properties are poor, certain special materials in use, surface of stainless steel always will appear it is recessed
Phenomena such as hole, peeling, the service life of material is seriously affected, or even will cause huge economic loss.To 304 stainless steel surfaces
Being modified processing is processing method more satisfactory at present, especially laser melting and coating technique, can significantly improve matrix surface
Hardness and polishing machine.
In current cladding alloy powder research, most important alloy powder mainly has Co-based alloy powder, iron
Base alloy powder and cobalt-based alloy powder etc..And aluminium alloy plate and magnesium alloy are concentrated mainly on for the research of acieral powder
Plate, Chinese knowledge production office disclose the laser melting and coating process of 104250812 aluminum alloy surfaces, its chemical composition is 60%-
70%Al, 15%-25%Ti, 6%-8%Fe, 6%-12%B, mentioned component proportion are mass percent.Cladding coating generates
TiB hardening constituent, improves the hardness and wear resistance energy of matrix.Wherein the effect of aluminium powder is intended merely to guarantee alloy powder and base
The thermal expansion coefficient of body is approximate, so that coating and matrix is had good metallurgical bonding, but can generate metal in alloy powder
Between change and matter-element cellulose content is less, therefore change between the metal generated and the distribution of object hardening constituent is few, to the performance improvement effect of matrix
It is poor, it may be considered that generate and change between more metal and object is strong while guaranteeing that cladding layer and matrix form good metallurgical bonding
Change phase, the various performances for improving collective have huge effect.Acieral powder is used for stainless steel base at present
Research it is less, Chinese knowledge production office discloses 104141084 laser melting coating high-entropy alloy powders, using equimolar Fe,
Ni, Cr, Al, Si and Mn (molar ratio of 0-1) carry out laser melting coating on 42CrMo steel, obtain more good coating, average hard
Angle value is up to 519.5HV, while wearability improves 3 times or so compared with matrix, but the invention is just for stainless base steel
The hardness and abrasion resistance properties of body, it is other to other such as corrosion resistances and high temperature oxidation resistance not to be obviously improved.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome existing technical deficiency, the present invention in order to improve the distributive law of the hardening constituent generated in cladding layer, from
And improve the characteristic performance of cladding layer.The alloy powder of laser melting coating Al-Si-Ti-Ni on 304 stainless steel plates is applied in cladding
FeAl, AlTi are formed in layer3、FeNi、TiSi2Intermetallic compound, and be evenly distributed, improve the hardness and fretting wear of matrix
Performance, while improving matrix surface high temperature oxidation resistance and sulfuration resistant performance.For gas-turbine unit thermal part surface
There is huge application value with the equipment surface reparation under the equipment surface and vulcanization environment under other hot environments.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
For the preparation method of stainless steel surface acieral coating, include the following steps:
(1) stainless steel substrate surface is handled；It is cleaned out after pretreatment being roughened in advance for sandblasting using alcohol.
It can be by stainless steel Al2O3Then the impurity and greasy dirt for remaining in change face are removed in blasting treatment with alcohol or other cleaning agents.
(2) acieral powder is mixed into powder: acieral powder is subjected to the alloy powder that mixed powder is mixed；It is described
The composition by weight percent of alloy powder are as follows: 30-70%Al, 10-30%Si, 10-30%Ti, 10%Ni；According to these four powder
The ratio at end is different, and the product formed in cladding process is different, as Ti/Al >=3, easily forms AlTi3 intermetallic
Object easily forms AlTi intermetallic compound as Al/Ti=1, when Al/Ti >=3, easily forms Al3Ti intermetallic compound.Cause
This is in cladding coating, as long as ratio is suitable, can form more intermetallic compound hardening constituent, hence it is evident that improve cladding layer
Hardness and wear-resisting property.The composition by weight percent of the preferred alloy powder are as follows: 40%-50%Al, 20%-30%Si,
10%-30%Ti, 10%Ni, using alloy powder of the invention stainless steel alloy matrix carry out laser melting coating can in matrix
The elements such as iron react, more hardening constituent can be generated, the properties of matrix can be obviously improved.
Using 10% Ni, content is similar to the Ni percentage composition of stainless steel base, can both make the heat of alloy powder
The coefficient of expansion is more close with matrix, improves the processability of cladding layer, while improving Ni content and its corrosion resistance can be improved.
Because the powder that the present invention uses all is pure powder, it is therefore desirable to be carried out mixed powder, period ingredient is uniform, in cladding
Uniform component distributing is obtained in coating.
(3) prefabricated coating: binder is mixed with the alloy powder mixed in step (2) and reconciles into paste or cream
Shape, it is preset in step (1) in carried out surface treatment stainless steel surface formed alloy coat, the alloy coat with a thickness of
0.8-1.0mm；Preferably, the proportion of binder and alloy powder is 3-7ml:9-14g.If binder amount is too low, so not
Matrix surface is uniformly spread over conducive to powder, if binder amount is excessively high, the mixture mobility being made into is strong, spreads over matrix table
The powder uniformity in face is poor, therefore to control ratio, and mixture can be enable to spread over matrix surface and make the uniform of it
Property is by ensureing.
(4) alloy coat is dried: alloy coat in step (3) is formed initialization layer in 80 DEG C of -100 DEG C of drying；
(5) laser melting coating: carrying out laser melting coating for initialization layer obtained by step (4) under protective atmosphere, makes described preset
Layer realizes metallurgical bonding to get to for stainless steel surface acieral coating with stainless steel substrate.
Wherein, the alloy powder stated in step (2) is 250-350 purpose, and each component purity is all larger than 95%.
Wherein, the Style of mixing powder in the step (2) is intermittent mixed powder under vacuum environment, is often mixed powder 30 minutes, pause
10 minutes, then carry out mixed powder.Planetary ball mill can be used, using intermittent mixed powder, revolving speed 250r/min uses vacuum sphere
Grinding jar vacuumizes, and ratio of grinding media to material 5:1, mixing time amounts to 2h.
Wherein, the binder in the step (3) is made of diacetone alcohol and cellulose acetate reaction.
Wherein, protective atmosphere is one or more of nitrogen, argon gas, helium in the step (5), and protection gas air pressure is
4MPa。
Wherein, the laser in the step (5) in laser melting coating uses optical fiber laser.The laser works mode
It is continuous to export for multimode.Laser melting and coating process of the invention uses medium-altitude laser power, faster laser scanning speed,
Laser quick cladding is carried out to matrix surface, it is smaller and heat affected area is less in the molten bath that matrix surface is formed, in matrix table
While obtaining good laser cladding coating on face, influence of the heat affected area to matrix is reduced.
Wherein, the laser spot diameter in the step (5) is 3mm, defocusing amount 35mm.
Wherein, the laser power in the step (5) is respectively 1400-1600W, and scanning speed is respectively 550-650mm/
min。
Above-mentioned preparation method preparation is used for stainless steel surface acieral coating.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
Coating provided by the invention improves matrix while improving stainless steel base surface hardness and friction and wear behavior
Surface high temperature oxidation resistance and sulfuration resistant performance.Preparation method process costs provided by the invention are lower, are readily produced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the round crucible used with oxidation in embodiment 1-9.Wherein, 1. protection gas, 2. air inlets, 3.
Crucible, 4. air inlets.
Fig. 2 is the macro morphology figure of the alloy coat of embodiment 6.
The coating top of the alloy coat microstructure morphology of Fig. 3 embodiment 6.
In the middle part of the coating of the alloy coat microstructure morphology of Fig. 4 embodiment 6.
The coating bottom of the alloy coat microstructure morphology of Fig. 5 embodiment 6.
Fig. 6 is the XRD analysis figure of embodiment 6.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Material parameter used in following embodiment is as follows:
Al (99.5%, 300 mesh), Si (99.5%, 300 mesh), Ti (99.5%, 300 mesh), Ni (99.5%, 200 mesh)
Binder: acetate fiber made of diacetone alcohol and cellulose acetate reaction.(every 200ml diacetone alcohol mixing
8.5g cellulose acetate, water bath heating temperature are reacted to 90 DEG C, until the cellulose acetate fully reacting in solution is
Only.)
Embodiment 1:
(1) by 304 stainless steel Al2O3Then blasting treatment remains in the miscellaneous of change face with alcohol or the removing of other cleaning agents
Matter and greasy dirt.
(2) acieral powder is mixed into powder: the planetary high energy ball mill of acieral powder variable bit rate is mixed into powder, often
Mixed powder 30 minutes, suspend 10 minutes, then carry out mixed powder, revolving speed 250r/min is vacuumized using vacuum ball grinder, ratio of grinding media to material 5:
1, mixing time amounts to 2h.Each weight ratio of constituents of acieral powder is Al:Si:Ti:Ni=7:1:1:1,
(3) prefabricated coating: by binder, 3-7ml:9-14g is mixed according to the ratio with alloy powder, is then preset at step (1)
It is middle carried out surface treatment stainless steel surface formed alloy coat, the alloy coat with a thickness of 0.9mm；
(4) alloy coat is dried: being taken out, is formed preset after alloy coat in step (3) to be put into baking oven 4 hours of 80 DEG C
Layer.
(5) laser melting coating: the stainless steel for having initialization layer is put into homemade round crucible (such as Fig. 1), crucible slot both sides
Be passed through protection gas (Ar), protection gas air pressure is 4Mpa, laser melting coating, and laser uses continous way optical fiber laser, laser it is defeated
It is 600mm/min that power, which is 1500w scanning linear velocity, out, and laser defocusing amount is 35mm, and the spot diameter of laser is 3mm.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and only each weight ratio of constituents of acieral powder is Al:Si:Ti:Ni=
6:1:2:1, it is different from embodiment 1, while other experiment conditions are constant.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and only each weight ratio of constituents of acieral powder is Al:Si:Ti:Ni=
5:1:3:1, it is different from embodiment 1, while other experiment conditions are constant.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and only each weight ratio of constituents of acieral powder is Al:Si:Ti:Ni=
6:2:1:1, it is different from embodiment 1, while other experiment conditions are constant.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and only each weight ratio of constituents of acieral powder is Al:Si:Ti:Ni=
5:2:2:1, it is different from embodiment 1, while other experiment conditions are constant.
Embodiment 6:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and only each weight ratio of constituents of acieral powder is Al:Si:Ti:Ni=
4:2:3:1, it is different from embodiment 1, while other experiment conditions are constant.
Embodiment 7:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and only each weight ratio of constituents of acieral powder is Al:Si:Ti:Ni=
5:3:1:1, it is different from embodiment 1, while other experiment conditions are constant.
Embodiment 8:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and only each weight ratio of constituents of acieral powder is Al:Si:Ti:Ni=
4:3:2:1, it is different from embodiment 1, while other experiment conditions are constant.
Embodiment 9:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and only each weight ratio of constituents of acieral powder is Al:Si:Ti:Ni=
3:3:3:1, it is different from embodiment 1, while other experiment conditions are constant.
It is found through analysis of experiments, component ratio (40%-50%Al, 20%-30%Si, the 10%-30% of embodiment 5-7
Ti, 10%Ni) obtained cladding coating is without obvious crackle, and hardness number is high, wherein 6 (40%Al-20%Si-30%Ti- of embodiment
Effect 10%Ni) reached is best.
Comparative example 1
Iron based laser cladding powder and cladding layer preparation method:
(1) by stainless steel blasting treatment, the impurity and greasy dirt for remaining in change face are then removed with alcohol or other cleaning agents.
(2) iron(-)base powder is mixed into powder: mechanical grinder in iron(-)base powder mortar is mixed into powder, preferred ingredient contains
It is 0.5-0.8%, Cr 21-22%, Ni 10-11%, Al 10-10.5%, Mo 5-5.5%, CeO that amount, which is C,2For 1-
1.2%, remaining is Fe.
(3) in above-mentioned iron based laser cladding powder, selecting each component is the powder that purity is more than or equal to 99%, grain
Diameter is 100-500 mesh, preferably 200-300 mesh, i.e. iron powder, chromium powder, nickel powder, aluminium powder, molybdenum powder, graphite powder, ceria.
(4) prefabricated coating: by binder and alloy powder 92-95% alloy powder and 5-8% ethyl alcohol by mass percentage
Mixing, then it is preset in step (1) in carried out surface treatment stainless steel surface formed alloy coat, the alloy coat
With a thickness of 1-2mm；
(5) laser melting coating: laser power 1520-1650w, scanning linear velocity are 150-220mm/min, laser defocus
Amount is 0, and the spot diameter of laser is 0.8-1mm.
Comparative example 2
Laser melting coating high-entropy alloy powder and cladding layer preparation method and purposes:
(1) by stainless steel blasting treatment, the impurity and greasy dirt for remaining in change face are then removed with alcohol or other cleaning agents.
(2) high-entropy alloy powder powder is mixed into powder: mechanical grinder in high-entropy alloy powder mortar is mixed into powder, component contains
Amount is laser melting coating high-entropy alloy powder, is made of Fe, Ni, Cr, Al, Si and Mn element powders, i.e., alloy powder forms table
It is shown as FeNiCrAlSiMnx, the molar ratio and its value range that x is Mn are 0-1, specifically, described Fe, Ni, Cr, Al, Si
Between be equimolar ratio, adjust metal Mn dosage so that its use mole and Si (or remaining four kinds of element) mole
Than for 0-1, preferably 0.3-1, more preferred 0.5-0.7.
(3) in above-mentioned iron based laser cladding powder, selecting each component is the powder that purity is more than or equal to 99%, grain
Diameter is 100-500 mesh, preferably 200-300 mesh.
(4) prefabricated coating: by binder and alloy powder 92-95% alloy powder and 5-8% ethyl alcohol by mass percentage
Mixing, then it is preset in step (1) in carried out surface treatment stainless steel surface formed alloy coat, the alloy coat
With a thickness of 1-2mm；
(5) laser melting coating: laser power 1520-1650w, scanning linear velocity are 150-220mm/min, laser defocus
Amount is 0, and the spot diameter of laser is 0.8-1mm.
Here be embodiment 1-9 laser melting coating Al-Si-Ti-Ni coating and comparative example 1,2 are carried out contextual analysis of organization with
Performance test.
1, tissue and structure analyzes
The analysis of 1 macro morphology of table
The cladding coating Yu matrix of embodiment 6 form metallurgical bonding as shown in Figure 2.
By the coating top for the alloy coat microstructure morphology that Fig. 3-5 is embodiment 6, coating middle part, coating bottom.It applies
Layer tissue structure is more uniform, without obvious stomata and crackle.
The XRD analysis figure of embodiment 6, analysis find that coating is primarily present FeAl, AlTi as shown in Figure 63、FeNi、TiSi2
Phase, can effectively improve the hardness and friction and wear behavior of collective, while improve the high temperature oxidation resistance and sulfuration resistant of matrix
Energy.
2. micro-hardness testing
Embodiment 1-9 and the hardness analysis of comparative example 1,2 such as table 2:
2 embodiment 1-9 hardness number of table compares
The maximum hardness value of embodiment 6 and average hardness value reach highest in embodiment as can be seen from the above table.
3. high-temperature oxidation resistance is tested
In order to influence high temperature oxidation resistance test by base material, oxidation test coating layer thickness is about 0.6-
0.8mm is separated coating with substrate with wire cutting method, and oxidation test Front-coating mirror sample is cleaned through ultrasonic wave acetone soln, dried
It is weighed, test specimen is fitted into the alumina crucible of pre-burn, in 800 DEG C of conditions with precision 0.01mg photoelectric analytical balance after dry
It is lower to carry out oxidation test, time 80h using still TGA method.Every 10h weighing is primary, obtains its unit area oxidation weight gain
Amount, control sample are uncoated stainless steel.
Embodiment 1-9 and the high-temperature oxidation resistance test analysis of comparative example 1,2 such as table 3:
3 800 DEG C of matrixes of table and cladding coating change over time increasing weight of oxidation (mg/cm2)
| 10h | 20h | 30h | 50h | 80h | |
| Matrix | 15.12 | 19.28 | 25.33 | 37.52 | 45.19 |
| Embodiment 1 | 9.21 | 12.26 | 15.37 | 18.69 | 21.33 |
| Embodiment 2 | 7.64 | 10.15 | 13.58 | 15.38 | 17.58 |
| Embodiment 3 | 7.15 | 10.03 | 13.44 | 15.07 | 17.44 |
| Embodiment 4 | 6.28 | 9.99 | 12.35 | 14.65 | 16.35 |
| Embodiment 5 | 5.36 | 8.56 | 11.98 | 13.86 | 15.98 |
| Embodiment 6 | 5.08 | 8.01 | 10.25 | 12.93. | 15.25 |
| Embodiment 7 | 5.88 | 8.68 | 10.66 | 13.35 | 15.66 |
| Embodiment 8 | 6.35 | 9.62 | 11.09 | 13.79 | 16.09 |
| Embodiment 9 | 7.55 | 10.03 | 12.62 | 14.01 | 16.62 |
| Comparative example 1 | 11.36 | 13.88 | 17.69 | 19.73 | 22.65 |
| Comparative example 2 | 7.38 | 10.16 | 13.63 | 16.01 | 17.31 |
4. sulfuration resistant performance test
In order to influence high temperature oxidation resistance test by base material, oxidation test coating layer thickness is about 0.6-
0.8mm is separated coating with substrate with wire cutting method, and oxidation test Front-coating mirror sample is cleaned through ultrasonic wave acetone soln, dried
It is weighed after dry with precision 0.01mg photoelectric analytical balance.Sample is put into 600 DEG C, 0.01Mpa S (g)+N2Muffle furnace in, together
Shi Kaiqi sulphur heating mantle heats sulphur earthenware sand ground, starts to react timing.At the end of vulcanization, the vulcanization for taking out sample measurement sample increases
Weight.
Embodiment 1-9 and the sulfuration resistant performance test analysis of comparative example 1,2 such as table 4:
4 600 DEG C of 0.01Mpa S (g)+N of table2Matrix and cladding coating change over time gain in weight (mg/cm2)
| 10h | 20h | 40h | 50h | |
| Matrix | 8.53 | 10.12 | 12.68 | 14.79 |
| Embodiment 1 | 5.38 | 6.21 | 7.42 | 8.13 |
| Embodiment 2 | 5.42 | 6.16 | 7.53 | 8.19 |
| Embodiment 3 | 5.31 | 5.94 | 7.16 | 7.88 |
| Embodiment 4 | 5.32 | 5.86 | 7.08 | 7.59 |
| Embodiment 5 | 5.01 | 5.36 | 6.41 | 6.94 |
| Embodiment 6 | 4.58 | 5.01 | 5.73 | 6.21 |
| Embodiment 7 | 5.12 | 5.79 | 6.13 | 6.81 |
| Embodiment 8 | 5.39 | 5.75 | 6.35 | 7.19 |
| Embodiment 9 | 5.86 | 6.35 | 6.99 | 7.54 |
| Comparative example 1 | 8.03 | 8.75 | 9.99 | 10.54 |
| Comparative example 2 | 7.31 | 7.86 | 9.23 | 10.06 |
Technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect is described in detail in embodiment described above, it should be understood that
Above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all to be done in spirit of the invention
Any modification and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method for stainless steel surface acieral coating, which comprises the steps of:
(1) stainless steel substrate surface is handled；
(2) acieral powder is mixed into powder: acieral powder is subjected to the alloy powder that mixed powder is mixed；The alloy
The composition by weight percent of powder are as follows: 30-70%Al, 10-30%Si, 10-30%Ti, 10%Ni；
(3) prefabricated coating: binder is mixed with the alloy powder mixed in step (2) and reconciles into paste or paste, in advance
Set carried out in step (1) surface treatment stainless steel surface formed alloy coat, the alloy coat with a thickness of 0.8-
1.0mm；
(4) alloy coat is dried: alloy coat in step (3) is formed initialization layer in 80 DEG C of -100 DEG C of drying；
(5) laser melting coating: carrying out laser melting coating for initialization layer obtained by step (4) under protective atmosphere, make the initialization layer with
Stainless steel substrate realizes metallurgical bonding to get to for stainless steel surface acieral coating.
2. being used for the preparation method of stainless steel surface acieral coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly stainless steel substrate surface handle being roughened in advance after pretreatment for sandblasting in (1) and be cleaned out using alcohol.
3. being used for the preparation method of stainless steel surface acieral coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that state step
(2) alloy powder in is 250-350 purpose, and each component purity is not less than 99.5%.
4. being used for the preparation method of stainless steel surface acieral coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly the Style of mixing powder in (2) is intermittent mixed powder under vacuum environment, is often mixed powder 30 minutes, suspends 10 minutes, then carries out mixed powder.
5. being used for the preparation method of stainless steel surface acieral coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly the binder in (3) is that diacetone alcohol and cellulose acetate hybrid reaction form.
6. according to claim 1 for the preparation method of stainless steel surface acieral coating it is characterized in that, the step
Suddenly protective atmosphere is one or more of nitrogen, argon gas, helium in (5), and protection gas air pressure is 4MPa.
7. being used for the preparation method of stainless steel surface acieral coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly the laser in (5) in laser melting coating uses optical fiber laser.
8. being used for the preparation method of stainless steel surface acieral coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly the laser spot diameter in (5) is 3mm, defocusing amount 35mm.
9. the preparation method of acieral coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that swashing in the step (5)
Optical power is respectively 1400-1600W, and scanning speed is respectively 550-650mm/min.
10. using applying for stainless steel surface acieral for any preparation method preparation described in claim 1-9
Layer.
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