CN114836666B - High-entropy alloy composite coating for improving surface hardness and wear resistance of metal substrate and processing method - Google Patents
High-entropy alloy composite coating for improving surface hardness and wear resistance of metal substrate and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-entropy alloy composite coating for improving the surface hardness and wear resistance of a metal substrate and a processing method thereof, wherein a diamond grinding layer comprises a high-entropy alloy component and diamond powder, the high-entropy alloy component comprises Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti and Si element which is the same as carbon, carburization from diamond to an alloy interface area occurs at the contact interface of the high-entropy alloy and diamond powder particles, a SiC high-hardness structure is formed between diamond surface carbon and silicon, hard metal silicide is formed between Si and other alloys, and diamond surface atoms are firmly combined with alloy contact surfaces in an atomic layer by virtue of the transition element characteristics of Si, so that the fixing strength of diamond particles is improved. The diamond-enhanced FeCoCrNiAlTiSi high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding process has continuous and smooth surface, fewer surface defects, better combination between the coating and a metal substrate, no air holes and shrinkage porosity defects in the coating, good tissue compactness and remarkable improvement on wear resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wear-resistant materials, and particularly relates to a high-entropy alloy composite coating for improving the surface hardness and wear resistance of a metal substrate and a processing method thereof.
Background
Diamond belongs to a high-hardness material and is often applied to surface layer reinforcement of various wear-resistant structures. Particularly, for the surface of the super wear-resistant material, the wear strength of the material can be greatly enhanced after the diamond is strengthened, and the service life of equipment is prolonged. In the existing diamond wear-resistant layer process, a two-step method is generally adopted to process a diamond coating, firstly, metal is melted on a part surface processing area by laser to form a metal laser molten pool, and then diamond powder is added into the metal laser molten pool to be solidified, so that the diamond film layer can be obtained.
However, this process has a number of significant drawbacks, which are limited firstly by the high viscosity of the metal liquid in the molten pool, the insufficient depth of diamond insertion, and the inability of many diamond powders to form a firm adhesion surface, which is prone to falling off, resulting in a short service life of the diamond layer.
Secondly, the structure is basically a layered structure of the diamond layer and the metal layer, and the machining process can only manufacture a single-layer thinner wear-resistant area anyway, so that the later degradation of the wear resistance of the machined product is serious.
Thirdly, the diamond surface layer is regularly arranged with three-dimensional netlike carbon atoms, metal crystals in a metal interface contacted with the diamond surface layer are only contacted with the diamond surface layer instead of bonded with the diamond surface layer, diamond particles are still fixed by wrapping a metal cavity, and after a period of use, once the cavity is expanded, the diamond particles fall off, so that the abrasion resistance is lost.
Therefore, although the diamond wear-resistant layer has quite advanced in the field of industrial application, there is still a great room for improvement in terms of how to better improve the wear resistance and exert the wear-resistant effect of the diamond.
Disclosure of Invention
The high-entropy alloy composite coating for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the metal substrate and the processing method thereof are used for improving the bonding strength between diamond particles and the metal substrate material and effectively improving the wear resistance of the diamond layer.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the high-entropy alloy composite coating for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the metal substrate comprises high-entropy alloy and diamond powder, wherein the expression of the high-entropy alloy is Fe a Co b Cr c Ni d Al e Ti f Si g Carburization of the diamond-to-alloy interface region occurs at the interface of the high entropy alloy and diamond powder particles.
Preferably, the ratio of the atomic ratio a to the atomic ratio f in the high-entropy alloy is 1:0.5-1.5:1.1-2.1:0.5-1.4:0.1-1.0:0.2-1.1:0.1-0.8. In a preferred form of the invention, the ratio of a to f is 1:1:1:1:0.5:0.5:0.2.
Preferably, the diamond powder comprises 0.1-15wt% of the high entropy alloy.
Still further, the diamond powder may comprise 3wt% to 15wt% of the high entropy alloy, more preferably 10wt% to 12wt%.
Preferably, the diamond powder has a particle average size of 50-80 μm.
The processing method of the high-entropy alloy composite coating for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the metal substrate comprises the following steps of:
a. pretreatment of a metal substrate: polishing the metal substrate, removing burrs, polishing the surface, removing an oxide film on the surface, and then performing ultrasonic cleaning and drying;
b. presetting a coating: uniformly mixing pure Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti, si powder, diamond powder and a binder, coating the mixture on the surface of a metal substrate, and drying to obtain the metal substrate with the surface loaded with the coating;
c. and (3) laser cladding: placing the metal substrate with the coating on the surface in inert gas, wherein the inert gas is preferably argon, and the filling amount is 0.13-0.37dm 3 The laser cladding head is used as an energy source, a positive defocusing mode is adopted to vertically act on the surface of the coating, preferably, the defocusing amount of the laser cladding head is controlled to be 30-50mm, the laser power is controlled to be 1000-2000W, and carburization strengthening is caused to occur on the contact surface of the diamond powder surface layer and the high-entropy alloy, so that a diamond grinding layer is formed.
In the technical scheme, carburization between diamond carbon and alloy metal components can strengthen the alloy hardness, and meanwhile, a carburized microstructure and Si element form a mixed component of SiC and metal silicate to firmly combine diamond particles and alloy.
Preferably, in a, the metal substrate is one of a titanium alloy metal substrate, an aluminum alloy metal substrate or a stainless steel metal substrate, preferably, the titanium alloy substrate is a TC4 titanium alloy substrate and the stainless steel substrate is a 304 stainless steel substrate.
Preferably, in the step b, the average particle size of the pure Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti, si powder is 35-50 mu m, the average particle size of the diamond powder is 50-80 mu m, the mass of the binder is 20-35 wt% of the mass of the mixture formed by the pure Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti, si powder and the diamond powder, and the binder is diacetone alcohol solution of cellulose acetate and the concentration is 4.2-4.3g/100mL.
Preferably, in the step c, the thickness of the diamond grinding layer is 0.1-1.5 mm, and the scanning speed of the laser cladding is 8-12mm/s; the delivery pressure of the inert gas is controlled to be 0.05-0.15MPa.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the main component of diamond is carbon simple substance, silicon simple substance is added in the technical scheme, siC high-hardness structure is formed between the carbon on the surface layer of diamond and silicon, hard metal silicide is formed between Si and other alloys, and the transition element characteristics of Si are used for firmly combining the atoms on the surface layer of diamond with the alloy contact surface on the atomic layer, so that the fixing strength of diamond particles is improved;
2. the diamond powder and the metal powder are processed in a blending way, and the hardness of the metal at the contact surface is improved and the firmness of diamond particles is improved by controlling the laser intensity to avoid the carbonization of the diamond and simultaneously promoting the carbonization of the metal surface contacted with the diamond;
3. the hard alloy of Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti, si component is matched with the hardness of diamond, so that the firmness of the diamond is ensured, the alloy can be ensured to have enough hardness and tenacious, the installation strength of the diamond and the structural strength of the whole alloy are ensured, the diamond is used as a strengthening phase, the hardness of the coating is greatly improved compared with the hardness of the metal substrate, and the wear resistance is obviously improved;
4. the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by laser cladding has continuous and smooth surface, fewer surface defects, better combination between the coating and a metal substrate, no defects such as air holes, shrinkage porosity and the like in the coating and good tissue compactness;
5. the processing method is simple, the controllability is good, the microhardness and the wear resistance of the prepared diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating are obviously improved, the composite coating is favorable for adapting to more complex and severe working environments, and the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating has good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing microhardness of diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coatings prepared in comparative examples, examples 1-14;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the abrasion resistance of the diamond enhanced high entropy alloy composite coatings prepared in comparative examples, examples 1-14.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit it.
Hardness test method for samples prepared in the examples:
the cross section of the diamond reinforced high-entropy alloy composite coating sample is polished after being inlaid, and the microhardness of the cross section of the coating is measured by adopting an HX-1000 microVickers hardness meter, wherein the loading load is 200g, and the loading time is 15s;
uniformly selecting 5 points (a certain distance is kept between the points) on the surface of each cladding sample, and taking an average value after testing the hardness value;
the method comprises the working principle that a diamond pressure head is pressed into the surface of a detected material by loading a load with a certain value, loading is carried out for a certain time, the approximate diamond marks remained on the surface of a sample after unloading are measured, the length of the diagonal line of the marks is obtained to obtain the mark area, and then the microhardness of the material can be obtained by calculating the ratio of the loading load and the mark area;
the indenter for microhardness test adopts a regular tetrahedral pyramid diamond indenter with an opposite included angle of 136 DEG, and the Vickers hardness value calculation formula is shown as follows:
wherein: f-load/kgf;
s-indentation surface area;
α—the pressure head opposing face angle = 136 °;
d-average indentation diagonal length;
HV-Vickers hardness number.
The sample prepared in the examples was tested for abrasion resistance:
the wear resistance of the high-entropy alloy composite coating is measured by a multifunctional friction and wear testing machine, and the testing conditions are as follows: the load is 50N, the rotating speed is 100r/min, the grinding mark radius is 3mm, the time is 30min, the motion mode is a ball disc type, and the grinding head is made of Si3N4; the abrasion loss was calculated by weighing with an analytical balance before and after the test.
Comparative examples:
for comparison with examples 1 to 13 below, the surface of the metal substrate in the comparative example was Fe a Co b Cr c Ni d Al e Ti f Si g The high-entropy alloy coating is not added with a diamond reinforcing phase, and the specific processing method is as follows:
processing a substrate into a 30mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 6mm platy sample block by using a TC4 titanium alloy substrate, polishing the platy sample block to remove burrs and oxide films on the surface, cleaning with ultrasonic acetone, and then drying; the dried pure Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti, si powder was uniformly brushed onto the sample surface with a binder, in high entropy alloy: a=1, b=1, c=1, d=1, e=0.5, f=0.5, g=0.2. The brush thickness was 0.8mm. After the preset is successful, the coating is subjected to laser cladding.
During laser cladding, the laser cladding head can be fixed on the arm of the laser cladding head through a robot, and the movement of the laser cladding head is realized through adjusting the movement of the robot, so that cladding work is completed.
The microhardness of the coating is measured to be about 559.3HV by using a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the high-entropy alloy coating is measured to be about 6.3mg by using a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Example 1:
in this example, the procedure a was identical to the comparative example, using a TC4 titanium alloy substrate, except steps b and c were added, and the specific processing method of the composite coating was as follows:
b. the diamond powder with the average particle size of 80 mu m, the mass fraction of which is 3 percent, is mixed into the pure Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti, si powder with the average particle size of 50 mu m, and the mixture is uniformly mixed by a ball mill, and then the mixture is dried, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 500r/min. Brushing the prepared coating raw material powder on the surface of the metal substrate from which the oxide film is removed by using an adhesive, wherein the brushing thickness is 0.8mm, the adhesive dosage is 20-35 wt% of the mass of the mixture, and the coating is clamped and fixed on a workbench after being preset.
The binder is a cellulose acetate-diacetone alcohol solution, and the cellulose acetate-diacetone alcohol solution is prepared by uniformly mixing 200mL of diacetone alcohol and 8.5g of cellulose acetate through heating in a water bath at 90 ℃ for 10 min.
c. As shown in FIG. 1, a fiber laser is used as an energy source, laser with power of 1500W is vertically applied to the surface of the coating, the defocusing amount is 45mm, the cladding head moves linearly under the control of a robot, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, the inert gas conveying direction is parallel to the surface of the coating, and the conveying speed is 15L/min.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.72mm, the microhardness of the 3% diamond enhanced FeCoCrNiAlTiSi high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 653.2HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 3.7mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Example 2:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 6% and other experimental conditions are the same, using a TC4 titanium alloy substrate.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.76mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 825.1HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 3.3mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 3:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 9% and other experimental conditions are the same, using a TC4 titanium alloy substrate.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.75mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 912.4HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 2.9mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 4:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 10% and other experimental conditions are the same, using a TC4 titanium alloy substrate.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.86mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 1053.6HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 2.2mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 5:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 11% and other experimental conditions are the same, using a TC4 titanium alloy substrate.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.85mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 1033.5HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 2.3mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 6:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 12% and other experimental conditions are the same, using a TC4 titanium alloy substrate.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.84mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 1028.4HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 2.6mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 7:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, using a 304 stainless steel substrate, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 9%, and the other experimental conditions are the same.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.53mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 901.2HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 3.8mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 8:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, using a 304 stainless steel substrate, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 10%, and the other experimental conditions are the same.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.73mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 1072.9HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 2.5mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 9:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, using a 304 stainless steel substrate, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 11%, and the other experimental conditions are the same.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.64mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 1042.1HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 2.7mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 10:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, using a 304 stainless steel substrate, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 12%, and the other experimental conditions are the same.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.61mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 1012.3HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 2.8mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 11:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 9%, and other experimental conditions are the same, using an aluminum alloy substrate.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.73mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 913.4HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 3.6mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 12:
this example is substantially identical to example 1, except that an aluminum alloy substrate is used, in which the mass fraction of diamond is 10%, and other experimental conditions are the same.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.89mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 1151.4HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 2.1mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 13:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, except that the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 11%, and other experimental conditions are the same.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.83mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 1035.1HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 2.4mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
Example 14:
this example is substantially identical to example 1, except that an aluminum alloy substrate is used, the mass fraction of diamond in this example is 12%, and other experimental conditions are the same.
The thickness of the obtained diamond grinding layer is 0.81mm, the microhardness of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 992.3HV measured by a coating microhardness test method, and the abrasion loss of the diamond enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating is about 2.8mg measured by a coating abrasion resistance test method.
Compared with the comparative example, the mechanical properties of the diamond-enhanced high-entropy alloy composite coating prepared by the laser cladding method in the example are obviously improved.
The results of fig. 1 show that an increase in diamond content can significantly increase the hardness of the cladding layer.
The results of fig. 2 show that as the diamond content increases, the number of hard particles in the cladding layer increases, the distance between the particles decreases, and the protective effect on the cladding layer binder phase increases, so that abrasion and drop of the matrix phase can be reduced, and the abrasion resistance of the cladding layer can be improved.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but any changes or substitutions that do not undergo the inventive effort should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The high-entropy alloy composite coating for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the metal substrate is characterized by comprising high-entropy alloy and diamond powder, wherein the expression of the high-entropy alloy is Fe a Co b Cr c Ni d Al e Ti f Si g Diamond-to-alloy interface region occurs at the interface of high entropy alloy and diamond powder particlesCarburizing, wherein the diamond powder accounts for 0.1-15wt% of the high-entropy alloy, and the average particle size of the diamond powder is 50-80 mu m; the atomic percentage of the high-entropy alloy is a, b, c, d, e, f, g=1, 0.5-1.5:1.1-2.1:0.5-1.4:0.1-1.0:0.2-1.1:0.1-0.8;
the processing method of the high-entropy alloy composite coating comprises the following steps:
a. pretreatment of a metal substrate: polishing the metal substrate, removing burrs, polishing the surface, removing an oxide film on the surface, and then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and drying;
b. presetting a coating: uniformly mixing the pure Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti, si powder, the diamond powder and the binder, coating the mixture on the surface of a metal substrate, and drying to obtain the metal substrate with the surface loaded with the coating;
c. and (3) laser cladding: placing the metal substrate with the coating on the surface in inert gas, taking a laser cladding head as an energy source, vertically acting on the surface of the coating in a positive defocusing way, and promoting carburization strengthening to occur at the contact surface of the diamond powder surface layer and the high-entropy alloy to form a diamond grinding layer;
wherein: in the step c, the thickness of the diamond grinding layer is 0.1-3 mm, and the scanning speed of the laser cladding head is 8-12mm/s; the conveying pressure of the inert gas is controlled to be 0.05-0.15MPa, the inert gas is argon, and the filling amount is 0.13-0.37dm 3 The defocusing amount of the laser cladding head is controlled to be 30-50mm, and the laser power is controlled to be 1000-2000W.
2. The method for processing the high-entropy alloy composite coating for improving the surface hardness and wear resistance of a metal substrate according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
a. pretreatment of a metal substrate: polishing the metal substrate, removing burrs, polishing the surface, removing an oxide film on the surface, and then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and drying;
b. presetting a coating: uniformly mixing the pure Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti, si powder, the diamond powder and the binder, coating the mixture on the surface of a metal substrate, and drying to obtain the metal substrate with the surface loaded with the coating;
c. and (3) laser cladding: placing the metal substrate with the coating on the surface in inert gas, taking a laser cladding head as an energy source, vertically acting on the surface of the coating in a positive defocusing way, and promoting carburization strengthening to occur at the contact surface of the diamond powder surface layer and the high-entropy alloy to form a diamond grinding layer;
wherein: in the step c, the thickness of the diamond grinding layer is 0.1-3 mm, and the scanning speed of the laser cladding head is 8-12mm/s; the conveying pressure of the inert gas is controlled to be 0.05-0.15MPa, the inert gas is argon, and the filling amount is 0.13-0.37dm 3 The defocusing amount of the laser cladding head is controlled to be 30-50mm, and the laser power is controlled to be 1000-2000W.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in a, the metal substrate is one of a titanium alloy metal substrate, an aluminum alloy metal substrate, or a stainless steel metal substrate.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein in b, the average particle size of the pure Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti, si powder is 35-50 μm, the average particle size of the diamond powder is 50-80 μm, the mass of the binder is 20-35 wt% of the mass of the mixture of the pure Fe, co, cr, ni, al, ti, si powder and the diamond powder, and the binder is diacetone alcohol solution of cellulose acetate, and the concentration is 4.2-4.3g/100mL.
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