CN107030385A - Based on laser stable and Regulation Mechanism electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process and device - Google Patents
Based on laser stable and Regulation Mechanism electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107030385A CN107030385A CN201710459181.8A CN201710459181A CN107030385A CN 107030385 A CN107030385 A CN 107030385A CN 201710459181 A CN201710459181 A CN 201710459181A CN 107030385 A CN107030385 A CN 107030385A
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- Prior art keywords
- electric arc
- arc
- laser
- increasing material
- gun body
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
Abstract
The invention belongs to increasing material manufacturing correlative technology field, and disclose a kind of based on stable and Regulation Mechanism the electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process of laser, including：During silk material is melted as thermal source using electric arc, stable laser pumping is applied to the arc column of electric arc, and cause LASER SPECKLE to be within ± 0.5mm apart from the defocusing amount of the arc column central shaft；In this way, under the direct effect of laser, the metal ingredient in the arc column occurs gasification and ionizes and form substantial amounts of charged particle, which thereby enhances the stability of electric arc；In addition the neutral particle in the arc column also occurs ionization as plasma and occurs compression phenomena, so that the diameter of electric arc reduces, and then improves the shaping surface precision of hardware.The invention also discloses corresponding building mortion.By the present invention, the surface accuracy and final product quality of all kinds of hardwares finally obtained, the features such as being provided simultaneously with compact conformation, be easy to manipulation, strong applicability, high operating efficiency are remarkably improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to increasing material manufacturing correlative technology field, more particularly, to one kind is based on laser stabilization and regulates and controls machine
The electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process and device of reason.
Background technology
So-called electric arc increasing material manufacturing (Wire and Arc Additive Manufacture, WAAM) technology, is a kind of profit
With successively cladding principle, silk material is melted as thermal source using electric arc, and according to three-dimensional digital model by line-face-body gradually into
Shape goes out the advanced Digitized Manufacturing Technology of metal parts.Because WAAM technologies have, deposition efficiency is high, silk material utilization rate is high, overall
Manufacturing cycle is short, cost is low, limit the features such as lacking to accessory size, thus is widely used in all kinds of high-performance large-scale hardwares
Increasing material manufacturing technique.
WAAM technologies are generally ignited electric arc using metal wire material, using arc heat fusing metal silk material, and by defined road
Footpath come accumulate manufacture needed for hardware, however, further investigation revealed that, in the actual mechanical process of electric arc increasing material manufacturing
In, the unstable phenomenon of generally existing electric arc, and final forming accuracy may be deteriorated；On the other hand, due to electric arc arc column
Heating surface (area) (HS is often larger, causes the concordant degree of form metal component surface (typically in ± 1.5mm or so) also bigger than normal, thus gold
Metal elements generally also need to be machined after electric arc stack shaping, so not only reduce production efficiency, Er Qietong
Sample is easily adversely affected to final forming accuracy.Correspondingly, how synchronously electric arc increasing material manufacturing process electric arc is improved
Stability and the surface accuracy of form metal component, just the technical barrier institute as this field urgent need to resolve of electric arc increasing material manufacturing
.
The content of the invention
For more than prior art not enough or Improvement requirement, the invention provides one kind is based on laser stabilization and regulates and controls machine
The electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process and device of reason, wherein on the one hand by hardware during electric arc increasing material manufacturing
Technology characteristics are analysed in depth, and study and propose the stability that can synchronously improve electric arc using laser pumping and effectively control
The mechanism of electric arc arc column diameter processed, substantial amounts of actual test shows, is remarkably improved all kinds of hardwares that are finally obtained
Surface accuracy and final product quality；On the other hand the present invention is also special to the device of above-mentioned mechanism can be achieved from composition structure and specific
Optimization design is made that in terms of setting, the features such as accordingly possessing compact conformation, be easy to manipulation, strong applicability, high operating efficiency, because
And be particularly suitable for use in flush degree requirement very high etc hardware increasing material manufacturing application scenario.
To achieve the above object, laser stabilization and Regulation Mechanism are based on there is provided one kind according to one aspect of the present invention
Electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process, it is characterised in that this method includes：
During silk material is melted as thermal source using electric arc, stable laser pumping is applied to the arc column of electric arc, and
So that LASER SPECKLE is within ± 0.5mm apart from the defocusing amount of the arc column central shaft；In this way, in the direct effect of laser
Under, the metal ingredient in the arc column occurs gasification and ionizes and form substantial amounts of charged particle, which thereby enhances the steady of electric arc
It is qualitative；At the same time, the neutral particle in the arc column also occurs ionization as plasma and occurs compression phenomena, thus makes
The diameter for obtaining electric arc reduces, and then improves the shaping surface precision of hardware.
As it is further preferred that the technological parameter preferred settings of above-mentioned electric arc increasing material manufacturing process is as follows：Metal wire material
A diameter of 0.8mm~1.6mm, forming current be 80A~120A, shaping voltage be 15V~30V, and use inert gas or
CO2 is used as protection gas.
As it is further preferred that the technological parameter preferred settings of the laser pumping is as follows：Power is 300W~700W,
Pulsewidth is 3ms~6ms, and frequency is 20Hz~50Hz.
As it is further preferred that the laser is directly acted on the electric arc arc column, and the metal in non-shaped
Component is in itself.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that additionally providing the electric arc increasing material manufacturing building mortion of targeted design, its feature
It is, the device is combined into a densification unitary construction in laser gun and arc gum, wherein：
The arc gum includes electric arc gun body, along the centrally positioned wire of the axis direction of the electric arc gun body
Material path, and set up the protection gas gas circuit in the metal wire material path both sides separately, thus in lasting conveying protection air lift for protection
In the case of atmosphere, using the metal wire material of synchronous transport as electrode come the electric arc that ignites, and form inside and include metal ingredient
With the electric arc arc column of neutral particle；
The laser gun includes laser gun body and optical fiber, and the wherein laser gun body accommodates be arranged on the electric arc gun body completely
Lower end inside and be in 6 °~10 ° of angle with the axis of the electric arc gun body, the optical fiber is connected with laser gun body holding
And set parallel to the axis of the electric arc gun body, it is consequently for the stable laser of transmitting and is applied directly to electric arc arc column
On.
In general, possess following compared with prior art, mainly by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention
Technological merit：
1st, analyzed in the present invention by the properties study to hardware electric arc increasing material manufacturing forming technology, find electric arc
Stability is influenceed by Various Complex factor, belongs to relative with the presence or absence of substantial amounts of charged particle wherein during arc burning
One of crucial factor, on this basis, the direct laser for applying high-energy-density to electric arc arc column proposed, test show
The metal ingredient included in arc column is occurred gasification and is ionized, be consequently formed substantial amounts of charged particle, these charged particles
Motion can be oriented in the presence of arc voltage again in turn, and then significantly improves the stability of electric arc arc column；
2nd, the application it was further found that laser action may be such that in arc column a large amount of neutral particles ionization turn into etc. from
Daughter and the mechanism for occurring compression phenomena, correspondingly, by directly applying the laser of high-energy-density to arc column, except that can provide
Outside the stability of electric arc in itself, it can also especially make it that the diameter of arc column in itself is reduced, so that pool size becomes
It is small, and then can further improve the shaping surface precision of hardware；
3rd, with reference to above mechanism and process control procedure, present invention is alternatively directed to property propose special electric arc increasing material manufacturing into
Shape equipment, the equipment unitary construction compact layout rationally, be easy to manipulation, and actual test show can based on various operating modes come
Multiple key process parameters in whole forming process are adjusted, including LASER SPECKLE is apart from the defocus of arc column central shaft
Amount, laser energy and pulse duration frequency, the electric arc increasing material manufacturing parameter that uses of matching etc., required shaping can be tried to achieve by therefore ensuring that
Precision and quality；
4th, effect of the laser to electric arc is taken full advantage of according to the above method and equipment of the present invention, it is preferably synchronous to solve
Arc stability and electric arc arc column dimensional control problems, thus can realize high-quality, the high accuracy manufacture shaping of hardware,
And be particularly suitable for use in flush degree requirement very high etc hardware increasing material manufacturing application scenario.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the unitary construction signal according to the electric arc increasing material manufacturing building mortion constructed by the preferred embodiment for the present invention
Figure；
In all of the figs, identical reference is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein：
11- electric arc gun body 12- metal wire material paths 13- protection gas gas circuit 21- laser gun body 22- optical fiber 31- protections
Atmosphere 32- molten drop 33- plasma-arcs
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is described in detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below each other it
Between do not constitute conflict can just be mutually combined.
Fig. 1 is the unitary construction signal according to the electric arc increasing material manufacturing building mortion constructed by the preferred embodiment for the present invention
Figure.As shown in fig. 1, the principal character of the device is to be laser gun and arc gum being preferably combined into a densification
Unitary construction, while to being made that targetedly in terms of its concrete structure composition and set-up mode, some key structural parameters
Design.
Specifically, the arc gum includes electric arc gun body 11, centrally disposed along the axis direction of the electric arc gun body 11
The metal wire material path 12 of position, and set up separately in protection gas gas circuit 13 of the metal wire material path both sides etc., wherein arc gum
The lower end of body 11 can for example be equipped with electric arc, and persistently convey metal wire material to it via metal wire material path 12；At the same time, pass through
The protection gas of for example carbon dioxide etc is conveyed to the lower end of electric arc gun body 11 from protection gas gas circuit 13, is thus made with metal wire material
It is one of electrode to include the electric arc arc of substantial amounts of metal ingredient and substantial amounts of neutral particle inside the electric arc that ignites, and then formation
Post.
The laser gun includes laser gun body 21 and optical fiber 22 etc., and the wherein laser gun body 21 accommodates be arranged on the electricity completely
Inside the lower end of arc gun body 11, and it is designed to be in 6 °~10 ° of angle with the axis of the electric arc gun body, the optical fiber 22 is for example put down
Row is set in the axis of electric arc gun body 11, and for keeping connecting with the laser gun body；Correspondingly, can be according to specific operating mode
Demand, by stable Laser emission and is applied directly on electric arc arc column, and by adjusting laser gun body in electric arc gun body
Position so that LASER SPECKLE is within ± 0.5mm (preferably ± 0.2mm) apart from the defocusing amount of arc column central shaft.
According to the present invention, the electric arc increasing material manufacturing forming technology side based on laser stabilization and Regulation Mechanism researched and proposed
Method can be summarized as follows：During silk material is melted as thermal source using electric arc, the stable laser of the arc column application to electric arc swashs
Encourage, and cause LASER SPECKLE to be within ± 0.5mm apart from the defocusing amount of the arc column central shaft.
Conceive more than, on the one hand due to the high-energy-density of laser, make there are a large amount of charged particles in electric arc arc column, this
A little charged particles can be oriented motion in the presence of arc voltage again in turn so that arc burning process is more stable；Separately
On the one hand importantly, the effect of laser also causes a large amount of neutral particles ionization in electric arc, electric arc is produced as plasma
Raw compression phenomena, thus reduces the diameter of electric arc arc column and pool size is diminished, so that by regulating and controlling pool size size, energy
It is enough preferably to regulate and control increasing material manufacturing drip molding surface size precision.
As exemplary illustrated, electric arc increasing material manufacturing forming process provided by the present invention specifically may include following step
Suddenly：
1) the electric arc increasing material manufacturing building mortion of appropriate specifications parameter is selected：For example, can suitably diameter and length red copper
Rod, is drilled with for example 18mm and the hole of two kinds of specifications of 2mm, and wherein 18mm hole is swashed with z-axis preferably into 8 ° of angles for placing cylinder
Light gun body, and 2mm holes are used to convey metal wire material.By adjusting position of the laser gun in copper rod hole, make LASER SPECKLE in arc
The defocusing amount of post central shaft is ± 0.2mm；It is derived from being adapted for carrying out the combination gun of laser stabilization and a variety of functions of compression arc；
2) threedimensional model needed for setting up：The three of parts can be drawn out using 3D sculpting softwares such as UG or Pro/E
Vc AD models, generation robot ' NC code and forming path software；
3) setting shaping arc parameters：According to form metal component performance and physical dimension, electric current, voltage, arc-welding are selected
The rifle speed of service；
4) laser stabilization and constraint arc：According to the requirement requirement spent concordant with shaping of shaping arc stability, select
The parameters such as power, pulsewidth, the defocusing amount of laser, while arc stability is ensured, constraint arc arc column to the size determined；
5) direct forming：According to selected laser technical parameterses and arc procedure parameter, electric arc increasing material manufacturing is carried out, is obtained
Arc stability and the satisfactory form metal component of flush degree during increasing material manufacturing.
A specific embodiment is given below, to more clearly illustrate shaping process and effect according to the present invention
Really.
Embodiment 1：
Certain building structure key member, intends using electric arc increasing material manufacturing, it is desirable to which the concordant angle value Ra requirements of profiled surface are less than
20, stack shaping process electric arc blow-out number of times is per hour no more than 1 time.In order to ensure the stabilization of electric arc during stack shaping
Property with the low concordant degree of form metal component surface, using stable and compression arc the method for laser in the present invention, improve and increase material system
The stability of electric arc and form metal component surface precision during making.Comprise the following steps that：
1st, the electric arc increasing material manufacturing building mortion of appropriate specifications parameter is selected：Using the laser stabilization of the present invention, compression electricity
Arc combination gun, i.e., by a diameter of 30mm, a length of 60 red copper bar, be drilled with 18mm and 2mm hole, 18mm hole with z-axis into 8 ° of angles,
For placing cylindrical laser rifle, 2mm holes are used to convey metal wire material.By adjusting position of the laser gun in copper rod hole, make
LASER SPECKLE is -0.2mm in the defocusing amount of arc column central shaft.
2nd, threedimensional model is set up：The three-dimensional CAD model of component is drawn out using UG 3D sculpting softwares, machine number is generated
Control code and forming path software；
3rd, setting shaping arc parameters：CO is selected during increasing material manufacturing2Protection gas, a diameter of 1.2mm of metal wire material,
It is configured to electric current 100A, voltage 20V, and the speed of travel of arc welding torch is 28.8m/h；
4th, laser stabilization and constraint arc：According to the requirement requirement spent concordant with shaping of shaping arc stability, use
500W fiber pulse laser, power output is that 260W, pulsewidth are that 5ms, frequency are 30Hz, and defocusing amount is -0.2mm；
5th, direct forming：According to given laser technical parameterses and arc procedure parameter, the electric arc for carrying out hardware increases
Material is manufactured.
For the obtained electric arc of the increasing material manufacturing shaping according to the present invention, its practical stability and metal
The concordant angle value measurement of component surface is as shown in table 1 below
Table 1
To sum up, according to the process and device of the present invention, efficiently, with being easy to manipulation can synchronously it be changed using laser pumping
The stability of kind electric arc and the effectively mechanism of control electric arc arc column diameter, and significantly improve all kinds of hardwares finally obtained
Surface accuracy and final product quality, be therefore particularly suitable for flush degree requirement very high etc hardware increasing material manufacturing
Application scenario.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not used to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., it all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. it is a kind of based on stable and Regulation Mechanism the electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process of laser, it is characterised in that this method includes：
During silk material is melted as thermal source using electric arc, stable laser pumping is applied to the arc column of electric arc, and cause
LASER SPECKLE is within ± 0.5mm apart from the defocusing amount of the arc column central shaft；In this way, under the direct effect of laser,
Metal ingredient in the arc column occurs gasification and ionizes and form substantial amounts of charged particle, which thereby enhances the stabilization of electric arc
Property；At the same time, the neutral particle in the arc column also occurs ionization as plasma and occurs compression phenomena, so that
The diameter of electric arc is reduced, and then improves the shaping surface precision of hardware.
2. electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that above-mentioned electric arc increasing material manufacturing process
Technological parameter preferably sets as follows：A diameter of 0.8mm~1.6mm of metal wire material, forming current is 80A~120A, shaping electricity
Press as 15V~30V, and protection gas is used as using inert gas or CO2.
3. electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the technique of the laser pumping
Parameter preferably sets as follows：Power is 300W~700W, and pulsewidth is 3ms~6ms, and frequency is 20Hz~50Hz.
4. the electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process as described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterised in that the laser is direct
Act on the electric arc arc column, and the hardware in non-shaped is in itself.
5. a kind of electric arc increasing material manufacturing building mortion being applied to such as claim 1-4 any one methods describeds, its feature exists
In, the device is combined into a densification unitary construction in laser gun and arc gum, wherein：
The arc gum includes electric arc gun body (11), along the centrally positioned wire of the axis direction of the electric arc gun body
Material path (12), and set up the protection gas gas circuit (13) in the metal wire material path both sides separately, thus in lasting conveying protection gas
In the case that protective atmosphere is provided, using the metal wire material of synchronous transport as electrode come the electric arc that ignites, and forms inside and include
The electric arc arc column of metal ingredient and neutral particle；
The laser gun includes laser gun body (21) and optical fiber (22), and the wherein laser gun body accommodates be arranged on the electric arc completely
It is in 6 °~10 ° of angle, the optical fiber and the laser gun body inside the lower end of gun body (11) and with the axis of the electric arc gun body
Keep connecting and set parallel to the axis of the electric arc gun body, be consequently for the stable laser of transmitting and be applied directly to electricity
On arc arc column.
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| CN201710459181.8A CN107030385B (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2017-06-16 | Electric arc increasing material manufacturing manufacturing process and device based on laser stabilization and Regulation Mechanism |
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| CN107030385B CN107030385B (en) | 2019-05-14 |
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| CN112404883A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-26 | 广东镭奔激光科技有限公司 | Real-time accurate liquid micro-forging additive remanufacturing method and device |
| CN112792456A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 华中科技大学 | Electric arc additive manufacturing method and system based on laser stabilized molten pool size |
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