CN107021804A - The culture medium prescription and preparation method and application of a kind of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus - Google Patents
The culture medium prescription and preparation method and application of a kind of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107021804A CN107021804A CN201710468685.6A CN201710468685A CN107021804A CN 107021804 A CN107021804 A CN 107021804A CN 201710468685 A CN201710468685 A CN 201710468685A CN 107021804 A CN107021804 A CN 107021804A
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- tobacco rod
- culture medium
- edible fungus
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- fruiting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
Abstract
The invention belongs to culture medium of edible fungus preparing technical field, the culture medium prescription and preparation method and application of a kind of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus are specifically disclosed.Culture medium prescription is made up of following components in percentage by weight：Ferment tobacco rod 25 65%, jig saw wood 15 55%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%.Develop suitable edible fungus culturing and the novel material of abundant nutrition material is provided, prove that tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, mycelial growth is healthy and strong by experiment, demonstration, fruiting body yield is high, is a kind of novel material resource of great exploitation prospect.The invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of culture medium and the method for utilizing the culture medium culturing edible fungus.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to culture medium of edible fungus preparing technical field, and in particular to a kind of training of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus
Support based formulas and preparation method and application.
Background technology
Shan Nan is the important tobacco planting major production areas in the whole nation, with being to provide the main source of goods of sound tobacco.It is safe and comfortable at present
City's tobacco leaf area is maintained at 140,000 mu or so, and standardization tobacco flue-curing house only Hanbin District just reaches 1800.Discarded after every mu of ground harvest
Tobacco rod is at 150 kilograms or so, and only Ankang City can produce discarded 2.1 ten thousand tons of tobacco rod.But prior art is to the profit of discarded tobacco rod
It is not good enough with rate.
Edible mushroom is food common in living, and in good taste, nutritive value enriches, and carries out discarded tobacco rod replacement part packed
Raw material culturing edible fungus, is that discarded tobacco rod recycling bioconversion utilizes effective way, helps lend some impetus to tobacco business and walk green
Environmental protection, ecological circulation development.Sustainable development, multipath increase tobacco grower's income to tobacco industry, extend tobacco industry chain,
All tool is of great significance.
The content of the invention
The culture medium prescription and preparation method and application for a kind of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus that the present invention is provided, by tobacco rod
As edible fungus culturing raw material culturing edible fungus, the new way that tobacco rod is utilized is developed.
First purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, by following weight
The component of percentage is made：Ferment tobacco rod 25-65%, jig saw wood 15-55%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%, the fermentation cigarette
Bar is that tobacco rod soaks after fermentation through ammoniacal liquor and formed.
It is preferred that, the culture medium prescription of above-mentioned utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, grain diameter≤3mm of the jig saw wood,
Land plaster is the land plaster of 60 mesh.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus,
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：Tobacco rod is ground into tobacco rod particle；Tobacco rod is soaked using the ammoniacal liquor of volume fraction 0.1%
Grain, turning is carried out after soaking rear tobacco rod water content 60%, composting 24h, and the water content for during which maintaining tobacco rod is 55-60%；Continue
Fermentation time 8-9d, during which treats that stockpile central temperature reaches 80 DEG C of then turnings, obtains the tobacco rod that ferments；
Step 2, dispensing：Each component is weighed by following percentage by weight：Ferment tobacco rod 25-65%, jig saw wood 15-
55%th, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%, are uniformly mixed so as to obtain mixed material；
Step 3, spice：Added water to mixed material, until moisture reaches 65%, obtain the culture of culturing edible fungus
Base.
Third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of above-mentioned culture medium culturing edible fungus, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, pack, sterilize：The culture medium of culturing edible fungus is fitted into polybag, polybag is diameter 18cm × length
55cm × thickness 0.06cm knuckle polybag, per packed culture medium 2kg, 100 DEG C of sterilizing 16h of temperature, are sterilized in normal pressure, bag
Bag containing soilless substrate；
Step 2, it is inoculated with：Edible bacterium is seeded to one of sterilization matrix bag, the temperature of sterilization matrix bag is during inoculation
25-28 DEG C, obtain bacterium bag；
Step 3, bacterium germination culture：It is positioned over bacterium bag is stacked 23-25 DEG C, cultivates in relative humidity 60-65% environment,
The bacterium bag number of plies≤10, until mycelia is ripe, obtain fruiting bacterium bag；
Step 4, using fruiting bacterium bag fruiting reproduction, harvest.
It is preferred that, the method for above-mentioned culture medium culturing edible fungus, step 4 fruiting reproduction is tier rack type Ways of fruiting, specifically
For：Using long 8m, width 2.7m, high 3.2m barn；8 are set in barn altogether and keeps off mushroom frame, the spacing distance of adjacent fruiting shelf is 1m,
The long 8m of fruiting shelf, width 1.4m, high 1.7m；Fruiting shelf is set to 5 layers, and interlamellar spacing 35cm, every grade of fruiting shelf puts edible mushroom bacterium
1000 bags of bag；20-23 DEG C of barn environment temperature, relative temperature 85-90%.
Fourth object of the present invention is to provide a kind of culture medium of above-mentioned culturing edible fungus in cultivation Hericium erinaceus peace
Application in mushroom.
The 5th purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of application of above-mentioned method in cultivation Hericium erinaceus and flat mushroom.
Compared with prior art, the culture medium prescription and preparation method of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus of the invention and should
With having the advantages that：
(1) develop suitable edible fungus culturing and the novel material of abundant nutrition material is provided, demonstrate,proved by experiment, demonstration
Bright, tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, mycelial growth is healthy and strong, and fruiting body yield is high, is a kind of new original of great exploitation prospect
Expect resource.
(2) tobacco industry has been started first to be combined with mushroom industry.Walk cigarette, bacterium coordinated development, cycle development it is new
Path.The strong advantage of ability is degenerated to lignin, cellulose decomposition using what edible fungus itself had, preferably solved discarded
The problem of tobacco rod is using hardly possible, the edible fungus culturing matrix made using tobacco rod as major ingredient, the nutrition needed for suitable edible fungi growth
Supply conditions, the edible fungus produced meets agricultural product quality and safety standard.
(3) take the raw material wood chip high with carbonaceous material and carry out nutriment synthesis collocation, implement different edible mushrooms
Variety culture, by experiment in cultivation, has filtered out culture medium prescription and the emphasis commercial variety of suitable multiple eating bacteria cultivation, shape
It is major ingredient culturing edible fungus production technology into the stronger utilization tobacco rod of a whole set of practicality, has started the new way that tobacco rod is utilized
Footpath, is innovated on culture medium prescription and cultural method.
(4) by technical research and integrated, explore tobacco rod substitute culturing edible fungus comprehensively utilized with bulk curing barn it is a whole set of
Technology.Current Ankang City tobacco leaf area is maintained at 140,000 mu or so, and standardization bulk curing barn only Hanbin District just reaches 1800, often
Tobacco rod is discarded after mu ground harvest at 150 kilograms or so, only Ankang City can produce discarded 2.1 ten thousand tons of tobacco rod, with following embodiments 2
Exemplified by, its method can 28,000,000 bags of culturing edible fungus.Increase nearly 300,000,000 yuan of social output, peasant can increase income 200,000,000 yuan, discard tobacco rod
Recycling can be achieved, agricultural environment pollution is reduced, popularizing application prospect is wide, can be carried out energetically in tobacco leaf planting main producing region
Promote.
Embodiment
With reference to instantiation, the present invention is described in detail, but should not be construed as the limitation of the present invention.It is real below
The experimental method of unreceipted actual conditions in example, is carried out according to the conventional method and condition of this area.
Embodiment 1
A kind of culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, is made up of following components in percentage by weight：Ferment cigarette
Bar 65%, jig saw wood 15%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%.This formula is culture medium for cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom formula.The jig saw wood
Grain diameter≤3mm, land plaster is the land plaster of 60 mesh.
Using the preparation method of the culture medium prescription of tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：Tobacco rod is ground into 0.6 × 0.6 × 0.6cm or so tobacco rod particle；Using volume
The ammoniacal liquor of fraction 0.1% soaks tobacco rod particle, turning is carried out after soaking rear tobacco rod water content 60%, composting 24h, according to stockpile moisture
The situation of scattering and disappearing, once, the water content for during which maintaining tobacco rod is 55-60% for moisturizing；Continuing fermentation time 8-9d, (period keeps environment
Middle relative humidity is 45-60%), during which treat that stockpile central temperature reaches 80 DEG C of then turnings, obtain the tobacco rod that ferments；
Wherein, the ammoniacal liquor of volume fraction 0.1% dilutes 100 times by the ammoniacal liquor of volume fraction 10% and is made.
Step 2, dispensing：Each component is weighed by following percentage by weight：Ferment tobacco rod 65%, jig saw wood 15%, wheat bran
19%th, land plaster 1%, is uniformly mixed so as to obtain mixed material.
Step 3, spice：Added water to mixed material, until moisture reaches 65%, obtain the culture of culturing edible fungus
Base.
Using the method for the culture medium culturing edible fungus of above-mentioned culturing edible fungus, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, pack, sterilize：The culture medium of culturing edible fungus is fitted into polybag, elastic appropriateness, polybag is straight
Footpath 18cm × long 55cm × thickness 0.06cm knuckle polybag, per packed culture medium 2kg, 100 DEG C of sterilizings of temperature in normal pressure, bag
16h, obtains sterilization matrix bag.
Step 2, it is inoculated with：Edible bacterium is seeded to one of sterilization matrix bag, the temperature of sterilization matrix bag is during inoculation
25-28 DEG C, it is ensured that strain rapidly adapts to substrate temperature, obtain bacterium bag；
Step 3, bacterium germination culture：Bacterium bag stacking is positioned over 23-25 DEG C, cultivated in relative temperature 60-65% environment, directly
It is ripe to mycelia, fruiting bacterium bag is obtained, wherein, stacked between adjacent two layers bacterium bag in stacked, the bacterium bag number of plies≤10；
Step 4, fruiting reproduction, harvest, is tier rack type Ways of fruiting, is specially：Utilize long 8m, width 2.7m, high 3.2m
Barn；8 are set in barn altogether and keeps off mushroom frame, the spacing distance of adjacent fruiting shelf is 1m, the long 8m of fruiting shelf, width 1.4m, high 1.7m；Go out
Mushroom frame is set to 5 layers, and interlamellar spacing 35cm, every grade of fruiting shelf puts 1000 bags of edible mushroom bacterium bag；Environment temperature 20-23 in barn
DEG C, relative temperature 85-90%.
It should be noted that the edible mushroom used in embodiment 1 is flat mushroom.
Embodiment 2
A kind of culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, is made up of following components in percentage by weight：Tobacco rod
60%th, jig saw wood 20%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%.The method be the same as Example 1 of culture medium preparation method and culturing edible fungus,
The edible mushroom simply culture medium prescription being changed in the formula of embodiment 2, embodiment 2 is flat mushroom.
Embodiment 3
A kind of culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, is made up of following components in percentage by weight：Tobacco rod
50%th, jig saw wood 30%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%.The method be the same as Example 1 of culture medium preparation method and culturing edible fungus,
The edible mushroom simply culture medium prescription being changed in the formula of embodiment 3, embodiment 3 is flat mushroom.
Embodiment 4
A kind of culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, is made up of following components in percentage by weight：Ferment cigarette
Bar 40%, jig saw wood 40%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%.The edible mushroom used in embodiment 4 is Hericium erinaceus, prepared by culture medium
Culture medium prescription, is simply changed to the formula of embodiment 4 by the method be the same as Example 1 of method and culturing edible fungus.
Embodiment 5
A kind of culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, is made up of following components in percentage by weight：Tobacco rod
35%th, jig saw wood 45%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%.The edible mushroom used in embodiment 5 is Hericium erinaceus, culture medium preparation side
Culture medium prescription, is simply changed to the formula of embodiment 5 by the method be the same as Example 1 of method and culturing edible fungus.
Embodiment 6
A kind of culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, is made up of following components in percentage by weight：Tobacco rod
25%th, jig saw wood 55%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%.The edible mushroom used in embodiment 6 is Hericium erinaceus, culture medium preparation side
Culture medium prescription, is simply changed to the formula of embodiment 6 by the method be the same as Example 1 of method and culturing edible fungus.
First, tobacco rod nutritional ingredient is detected
By detection and com-parison and analysis (concrete outcome is shown in Table 1), as a result find that protein content is higher in tobacco rod, protein
Content be 3 times of sawmilling, the content compared with sawmilling of the soluble-carbohydrate in tobacco rod is relatively low, but difference is less, therefore
Tobacco rod possesses most important carbon source and nitrogen source in edible fungi growth, theoretically confirms that Edible Fungi raw material can be used as.
And in Edible Fungi meaning, tobacco rod nitrogen source is compared with horn of plenty, carbon source is suitable with traditional Edible Fungi material content, actual raw
Stricter edible fungus variety is required for C/N ratios in production, the raw material proportioning that tobacco rod should be higher with other carbon elements is used, can
To form complementarity.In addition, the consumption of wheat bran can be reduced in Edible Fungi, cost input is greatlyd save.
The tobacco rod of table 1 is compared with sawmilling Analysis of Nutritive Composition
2nd, tobacco rod and edible mushroom heavy metal analysis
Content of beary metal measure is carried out by the edible fungus to tobacco rod and its production, except chromium member wherein in tobacco rod sample
Cellulose content is that outside 0.1mg/kg, the content of beary metal such as other arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercury is less than GB7096-2003 (national edible mushroom health
Standard),；In hericium erinaceus fruiting body in addition to chromium content is 0.01mg/kg, the content of beary metal such as other arsenic, lead, mercury is below
GB7096-2003 (national edible mushroom sanitary standard), concrete outcome is shown in Table 2.Result of study shows to use local tobacco rod for raw material
Culturing edible fungus, its product meets food safety requirements.
The tobacco rod raw material of table 2 and edible fungus heavy metal analysis result (unit：mg/kg)
According to the nutritional ingredient and heavy metal analysis interpretation of result of tobacco rod and product sample：Planted with tobacco rod instead of part material
Training edible mushroom has Product Safety and producing feasibility.
3rd, the experiment in cultivation of different substrates formula and different edible mushroom species
By experiment in cultivation of the different substrates formula from different edible mushroom species, the formula of wherein control group is：By following
The component of percentage by weight is made：Rough sawn wood (particle diameter 0.06cm) 40%, jig saw wood (particle diameter 0.03cm) 40%, bran
Skin 19%, land plaster 1%.Culture medium preparation method and cultivating method for edible fungi are cultivated respectively with example 1 using the matrix formulations
Hericium erinaceus and flat mushroom.Hericium erinaceus, the culture medium prescription cultivation flat mushroom of embodiment 1, as a result such as table 3 are cultivated with the formula of embodiment 4
It is shown.As a result in the formula for showing embodiment 1 and embodiment 4, mycelial growth is healthy and strong, and bacterium germination speed is fast, and miscellaneous bacteria infection rate is low, son
Entity yield is high, and flat mushroom biological transformation ratio is up to 105%, and Hericium erinaceus biological transformation ratio forms kind and matrix formulations up to 93%
Mutually suitable supporting Standardized cultural technique, technical basis is provided for Demonstration And Extension.
Influence of the different formulations of table 3 to variety classes mycelial growth, biological efficiency
In addition, by bulk curing barn structure, area, space, Temperature and Humidity Control, oxygen supply and CO2 emission, light source
Deng condition and the environmental condition needed for edible fungi growth is met, carry out analysis and research and scientific design layout, research is summarized
Go out every standard barn and build five layers of fruiting shelf, put the tier rack type cultivation mode of 1000 bags of Hericium erinaceus bacterium bag.Using this mould
Formula, tobacco flue-curing house space availability ratio is up to 70%, best results, while being easy to human users to manage.Form and planted using discarded tobacco rod
Train the supporting technology that edible mushroom comprehensively utilizes with tobacco flue-curing house.
By using the existing production site of Demonstration Base, barn facility, carry out tobacco rod cultivating in bag edible mushroom and tobacco flue-curing house
Comprehensive utilization technique is demonstrated.Culture medium prescription 10000 bags of the flat mushroom of cultivation of Demonstration Base Demonstration And Extension embodiment 1 in 2014, bag
Production is up to 1.5 kilograms, and total output is up to 15000 kilograms, 90,000 yuan of the output value.The culture medium prescription cultivation Hericium erinaceus of embodiment 4 in 2015 is shown
25000 bags of model, bag produces 1.2 kilograms, 30000 kilograms of total output, 600,000 yuan of the output value.Demonstration effect is obvious.2014-2015, this
Project is accumulative to promote flat mushroom, Hericium erinaceus up to 3.5 ten thousand bags, and the comprehensive output value replaces sawmilling reduction raw material to throw up to 690,000 yuan using tobacco rod
Enter 30,000 yuan, realize 720,000 yuan of comprehensive benefit.Deduct flat mushroom, Hericium erinaceus production cost and put into 240,000 yuan, earn a profit 480,000 yuan.
It should be noted that when being related to number range in claims of the present invention, it is thus understood that each number range
Any one numerical value can select between two end points and two end points, because the step method of use is identical with embodiment,
In order to prevent repeating, description of the invention preferred embodiment, although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but ability
Technical staff in domain once knows basic creative concept, then other change and modification can be made to these embodiments.
So, appended claims are intended to be construed to include preferred embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without departing from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus, it is characterised in that by following components in percentage by weight system
Into：Ferment tobacco rod 25-65%, jig saw wood 15-55%, wheat bran 19%, land plaster 1%, and the fermentation tobacco rod is tobacco rod through ammoniacal liquor
After fermentation is soaked to form.
2. the culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the jig saw wood
Grain diameter≤3mm, land plaster be 60 mesh land plaster.
3. the preparation method of the culture medium prescription of utilization tobacco rod culturing edible fungus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1, pretreatment of raw material：Tobacco rod is ground into tobacco rod particle；Tobacco rod particle is soaked using the ammoniacal liquor of volume fraction 0.1%,
Turning is carried out after soaking rear tobacco rod water content 60%, composting 24h, the water content for during which maintaining tobacco rod is 55-60%；Continue to ferment
Time 8-9d, during which treats that stockpile central temperature reaches 80 DEG C of then turnings, obtains the tobacco rod that ferments；
Step 2, dispensing：Each component is weighed by following percentage by weight：Ferment tobacco rod 25-65%, jig saw wood 15-55%, bran
Skin 19%, land plaster 1%, are uniformly mixed so as to obtain mixed material；
Step 3, spice：Added water to mixed material, until moisture reaches 65%, obtain the culture medium of culturing edible fungus.
4. a kind of method of the culture medium culturing edible fungus of the culturing edible fungus described in utilization claim 1, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
Step 1, pack, sterilize：The culture medium of culturing edible fungus is fitted into polybag, polybag is diameter 18cm × long 55cm
× thickness 0.06cm knuckle polybag, per packed culture medium 2kg, 100 DEG C of sterilizing 16h of temperature, obtain sterilization matrix in normal pressure, bag
Bag；
Step 2, it is inoculated with：Edible bacterium is seeded to one of sterilization matrix bag, the temperature of sterilization matrix bag is 25-28 during inoculation
DEG C, obtain bacterium bag；
Step 3, bacterium germination culture：It is positioned over bacterium bag is stacked 23-25 DEG C, cultivates in relative humidity 60-65% environment, bacterium bag
The number of plies≤10, until mycelia is ripe, obtain fruiting bacterium bag；
Step 4, using fruiting bacterium bag fruiting reproduction, harvest.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the reproduction of step 4 fruiting is tier rack type Ways of fruiting, specifically
For：Using long 8m, width 2.7m, high 3.2m barn；8 are set in barn altogether and keeps off mushroom frame, the spacing distance of adjacent fruiting shelf is 1m,
The long 8m of fruiting shelf, width 1.4m, high 1.7m；Fruiting shelf is set to 5 layers, and interlamellar spacing 35cm, every grade of fruiting shelf puts edible mushroom bacterium
1000 bags of bag；20-23 DEG C of barn environment temperature, relative temperature 85-90%.
6. application of the culture medium of culturing edible fungus according to claim 1 or 2 in cultivation Hericium erinaceus and flat mushroom.
7. application of the method in cultivation Hericium erinaceus and flat mushroom according to claim any one of 4-5.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110192495A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-03 | 贵州省贵福菌业发展有限公司 | A kind of methods and applications using tobacco rod preparation oil tea mushroom culture medium |
| CN110214627A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-10 | 昭通学院 | A method of culture material containing tobacco rod and use culture material cultivation mushroom |
| CN117099608A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-11-24 | 西昌学院 | Tobacco waste composting pretreatment method |
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| CN101070255A (en) * | 2007-05-27 | 2007-11-14 | 福建农林大学 | Tobacco-stem composing method and product thereof |
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| CN110214627A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-10 | 昭通学院 | A method of culture material containing tobacco rod and use culture material cultivation mushroom |
| CN117099608A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-11-24 | 西昌学院 | Tobacco waste composting pretreatment method |
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Application publication date: 20170808 |