CN107020251A - The screening technique of battery and battery pack - Google Patents
The screening technique of battery and battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN107020251A CN107020251A CN201710179567.3A CN201710179567A CN107020251A CN 107020251 A CN107020251 A CN 107020251A CN 201710179567 A CN201710179567 A CN 201710179567A CN 107020251 A CN107020251 A CN 107020251A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of battery and the screening technique of battery pack, including S100, charge and discharge cycles test is carried out to cell or battery pack；And S200, while charge and discharge cycles are tested or after end, cell or battery pack are screened；S100 includes：With the first electric current constant-current charge to charge cutoff voltage, then constant-current discharge is to discharge cut-off voltage, obtains cell or the first charged capacity value C1 and the first discharge capacity value D1 of battery pack, and the first electric current is 0.01C to 0.2C；And with the second electric current constant-current charge to charge cutoff voltage, then constant-current discharge is to discharge cut-off voltage, obtains cell or the second charged capacity value C2 and the second discharge capacity value D2 of battery pack, the second electric current is 0.8C to 1.5C；S200 includes：Calculate cell or charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 and multiplying power polarization value (D1 D2)/D1 of battery pack；And filter out C1/D1 and meet that default charge/discharge capacity ratio standard is interval, and (D1 D2)/D1 meets the interval cell of default multiplying power polarization value standard or battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery detecting technical field, more particularly to a kind of battery and the screening technique of battery pack.
Background technology
As the green power supply having a safety feature, lithium ion battery applications are increasingly extensive, including the field such as energy storage, power.
High energy storage density, long-life, low self-discharge rate, lithium ion battery is caused to be increasingly becoming number the advantages of environmental pollution is small
Product, such as mobile phone, notebook and video camera, and new-energy automobile etc. main power source.Due to the electricity of lithium battery monomer
Pressure generally only 3.0V to 4.0V (nominal voltage is 3.6V), and finite capacity, so in the electric car using it as power source and
In the high-power systems such as electric tool, generally require in groups to use the lithium battery serial or parallel connection of tens sections or even section up to a hundred,
Or use multiple battery combinations.
Battery in the preparation, is limited by preparation technology, in terms of often having voltage, capacity, internal resistance and a self-discharge rate
Otherness, even the cell produced with batch, can also have differences.If being used without random combo is screened, just
The service life of integral battery door group can be seriously reduced, while can also increase potential safety hazard, so carrying out screening to battery has weight
Want meaning., there is the problem of operation is cumbersome, accuracy is inadequate in current screening technique, it is impossible to rapidly and accurately battery is carried out
Screening.
The content of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to exist cumbersome for the screening technique of traditional battery and battery pack and accuracy is inadequate
The problem of there is provided a kind of battery and the screening technique of battery pack.
The screening technique of a kind of battery and battery pack, comprises the following steps：
S100, charge and discharge cycles test is carried out to cell or battery pack；And
S200, while the charge and discharge cycles are tested or after end, is sieved to the cell or battery pack
Choosing；
The step S100 includes：
With the first electric current constant-current charge to charge cutoff voltage, then with the first electric current constant-current discharge to the cut-off electricity that discharges
Pressure, obtains the cell or the first charged capacity value C1 and the first discharge capacity value D1 of battery pack, first electric current
For 0.01C to 0.2C；And
With the second electric current constant-current charge to the charge cutoff voltage, then put to described with the second electric current constant-current discharge
Electric blanking voltage, obtains the second charged capacity value C2 and the second discharge capacity value D2 of the cell or battery pack, described
Second electric current is 0.8C to 1.5C；
The step S200 includes：
Calculate the charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 and multiplying power polarization value (D1-D2) of the cell or battery pack/
D1；And
Filter out the charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 and meet default charge/discharge capacity ratio standard interval, and institute
State multiplying power polarization value (D1-D2)/D1 and meet the interval cell of default multiplying power polarization value standard or battery pack.
In one of the embodiments, the default charge/discharge capacity ratio standard interval is 0.998 to 1.002.
In one of the embodiments, the default multiplying power polarization value standard interval is 0.92 to 0.95.
In one of the embodiments, to the cell or battery pack with the second electric current constant-current charge it
Afterwards, and before with the second electric current constant-current discharge, further comprise：
Constant-voltage charge is carried out with the charge cutoff voltage, until reaching charge cutoff electric current, the charge cutoff electric current
For 0.01C to 0.2C.
In one of the embodiments, the charge cutoff electric current is 0.025C.
In one of the embodiments, cell or battery pack are placed in test temperature all the time described in the step S100
Under, the test temperature is 30 to 45 DEG C.
In one of the embodiments, before the step S100, step S300 is further comprised, by the cell
Or battery pack is placed under the test temperature and stores the scheduled time.
In one of the embodiments, after the step S300 and before the step S100, in addition to：
Step S400, to the cell or battery pack prescreening, including：
With the first electric current constant-current discharge to the charge cutoff voltage；
Preset time is stood, the cell or the internal resistance value and the voltage change of the preset time of battery pack is obtained
Value；And
Removing the internal resistance value, to be unsatisfactory for default internal resistance value standard interval, or the voltage change be unsatisfactory for it is default
The interval cell of voltage change standard or battery pack.
In one of the embodiments, the default internal resistance value standard interval is 18-21m Ω, the default voltage
Changing value standard interval is 0-0.2v.
In one of the embodiments, the condition phase of charge and discharge cycles test is carried out to the cell or battery pack
Together.
The screening technique of above-mentioned battery and battery pack, passes through filling for the first electric current non-polarized test unit battery or battery pack
Discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1, and combine the multiplying power polarization value (D1-D2) of the second current polarizing test unit battery or battery pack/
D1, improves the testing precision of the self-discharge rate otherness to cell and battery pack, so as to realize more effective screening；
With higher adaptability, all kinds, system, the lithium ion battery of specification and battery pack can be applied to；And it is simple to operate, easily
In realizing large-scale industrialization screening.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 for the embodiment of the present invention battery and battery pack screening technique flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of testing procedure in the battery of the embodiment of the present invention and the screening technique of battery pack；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of screening step in the battery of the embodiment of the present invention and the screening technique of battery pack.
Embodiment
In order that the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and technique effect are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to this hair
Bright specific embodiment is described.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, and without
It is of the invention in limiting.
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of battery and the screening technique of battery pack, comprise the following steps：
S100, charge and discharge cycles test is carried out to cell or battery pack；And
S200, while the charge and discharge cycles are tested or after end, is sieved to the cell or battery pack
Choosing.
Referring to Fig. 2, the step S100 includes：
S110, with the first electric current constant-current charge to charge cutoff voltage, then with the first electric current constant-current discharge to electric discharge
Blanking voltage, obtains the first charged capacity value C1 and the first discharge capacity value D1 of the cell or battery pack, and described the
One electric current is 0.01C to 0.2C；And
S120, with the second electric current constant-current charge to the charge cutoff voltage, then with the second electric current constant-current discharge extremely
The discharge cut-off voltage, obtains the cell or the second charged capacity value C2 of battery pack and the second discharge capacity value
D2, second electric current is 0.8C to 1.5C.
Referring to Fig. 3, the step S200 includes：
S210, calculates the cell or the charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 and multiplying power polarization value (D1- of battery pack
D2)/D1；And
S220, filters out the charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 and meets default charge/discharge capacity ratio standard interval, and
And multiplying power polarization value (the D1-D2)/D1 meets the interval cell of default multiplying power polarization value standard or battery pack.
Specifically, the quantity of the cell or battery pack is not limited, it can also be multiple, the battery that can be one
The serial or parallel connection state of battery is not limited in group, is set according to application state, and battery or battery pack can be any class
The lithium ion battery of type, system and specification.
When the quantity of the battery or battery pack is multiple, discharge and recharge is carried out to each cell or single battery group and followed
The all conditions all same of ring test, such as test electric current, blanking voltage, all same test temperature, and each cell or
Type, material system and the specification of single battery group etc. are also identical.
It is preferred that, cell or battery pack are placed under test temperature all the time described in step S100, according to making for battery
With environment, the test temperature is 30 to 45 DEG C, to improve the accuracy of test.It is preferred that, test temperature is 35 DEG C, so that single
The performance of body battery or battery pack reaches preferable states.
It is more highly preferred to, before step S100, further comprises step S300, the cell or battery pack are placed in
The scheduled time is stored under test temperature, so that the performance of the cell or battery pack reaches more preferably state, closer to electricity
The use state in pond.The scheduled time can be 12-36 hours, preferably 24 hours.
In one embodiment, after the step S300 and before the step S100, in addition to step S400, it is right
The cell or battery pack prescreening, including：
With the first electric current constant-current discharge to the charge cutoff voltage；
The cell or battery pack are stood, internal resistance value and the preset time week of the cell or battery pack is obtained
The voltage change of phase；And
Removing the internal resistance value, to be unsatisfactory for default internal resistance value standard interval, or the voltage change be unsatisfactory for it is default
The interval cell of voltage change standard or battery pack.
Specifically, after by cell or battery power discharge to the charge cutoff voltage, standing the cell
Or battery pack, the open-circuit voltage after the record standing scheduled time, the difference with magnitude of voltage after standing before standing is calculated, voltage is used as
Changing value, preset time can be 1 minute to 10 minutes, and preferably 5 minutes, default voltage change standard interval was preferably
0-0.2v.Default internal resistance value standard interval is preferably 18-21m Ω.
In one embodiment, battery and the screening technique of battery pack are specifically included：
Step S110, to cell or battery pack with the first electric current (0.01C to 0.2C) constant-current charge to charge cutoff
Voltage, then with the first electric current constant-current discharge to discharge cut-off voltage, obtain the cell or battery pack first is filled
Capacitance value C1 and the first discharge capacity value D1；
Step S200a, calculates cell or the charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 of battery pack, with default charge and discharge electric capacity
Odds ratio is measured compared with filtering out charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 and meet interval first single of default charge/discharge capacity ratio standard
Body battery or battery pack；
Step S120, is cut to the first cell or battery pack with the second electric current (0.8C to 1.5C) constant-current charge to charging
Only voltage, then with the second electric current constant-current discharge to discharge cut-off voltage, obtain the second of the cell or battery pack
Charged capacity value C2 and the second discharge capacity value D2；And
Step S200b, calculates the first cell or multiplying power polarization value (D1-D2)/D1 of battery pack, with default multiplying power
Polarization value standard interval is compared, and is filtered out multiplying power polarization value (D1-D2)/D1 and is met interval the of default multiplying power polarization value standard
Two cells or battery pack.
Using the method for gradation screening, operation can be simplified, accelerate testing process.Step is directly carried out after step S110
S200a, charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 can be removed in time and is unsatisfactory for the interval monomer of default charge/discharge capacity ratio standard
Battery or battery pack, it is convenient to omit to being unsatisfactory for the interval cell of default charge/discharge capacity ratio standard or battery pack
Follow-up test, it is possible to increase screening efficiency.
As optional embodiment, in step S120, filled to cell or battery pack with the second electric current constant current
After electricity, and before with the second electric current constant-current discharge, further comprise：Constant pressure is carried out with the charge cutoff voltage to fill
Electricity, until reach charge cutoff electric current, so that the capacitance of cell or battery pack is closer to nominal capacity.The charging is cut
Only electric current is preferably 0.01C to 0.2C, to improve charge efficiency.Specifically, charge cutoff electric current can be with equal with the first electric current
Can also be unequal.
It is more highly preferred to, charge cutoff electric current is 0.025C, so that charge rate and cell or electricity after charging complete
The capacitance of pond group reaches the balance of maximum close to the degree of nominal capacity, realizes more preferably charge efficiency.
Specifically, default charge/discharge capacity ratio standard interval is preferably 0.998 to 1.002, it can improve with first
Electric current is to cell or the accuracy of the lower screening of battery pack non-polarized test.It is more highly preferred to, default charge/discharge capacity ratio
Value standard is 1.001.
Default multiplying power polarization value standard interval is preferably 0.92 to 0.95, improves first to cell or battery pack
Under the test of electric current non-polarized and the test of the second current polarizing, gained multiplying power polarization value (D1-D2)/D1 accuracy, with further
Strengthen the accuracy to cell or battery pack self-discharge rate Difference selection.
Embodiment 1
Using multiple 18650 type cylindrical electrical cores as object to be measured, the battery core is that NCM (is done just with nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary battery material
Pole) design system, rated capacitance is 2900mAh.Multiple 18650 type cylindrical electrical cores to be put in storage are carried out with anti-short circuit processing,
It is placed in 35 DEG C of baking ovens and stores 24 hours, is transferred in 35 DEG C of insulating boxs and is tested after storage.With 1/25C (116mA) to multiple
18650 type cylindrical electrical core constant-current discharges pass through 5 minutes open of each battery core standing of detection device on-line monitoring to blanking voltage 2.8V
The internal resistance value of road voltage change and battery core, carries out first step screening, filters out voltage change within+0.2V, internal resistance
It is worth the battery core between 18-21m Ω.Gained battery core is screened to the first step with 1/25C (116mA) electric current constant-current charge to cut-off
Voltage 4.2V, then blanking voltage 2.8V is discharged to, the charged capacity value C1 and discharge capacity value D1 of each battery core are recorded respectively；Carry out
Second step is screened, and is calculated charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1, is filtered out charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 between 1.0-1.002
Battery core.Gained battery core is screened to second step blanking voltage 4.2V, 4.2V constant-voltage charge are charged to extremely with 1C (2900mA) electric current
Cut-off current 0.025C (72.5mA), then blanking voltage 2.8V is discharged to, the charged capacity value C2 of each battery core is recorded respectively and is put
Capacitance value D2；The screening of the 3rd step is carried out, multiplying power polarization value (D1-D2)/D1 is calculated, filters out multiplying power polarization value (D1-D2)/D1
Battery core between 0.92-0.95, obtains the good battery core of final uniformity.
Battery of the present invention or the method for battery pack screening, when in use, can test all kinds, system and specification
Lithium ion single battery or battery pack, the quantity of cell can be it is one or more, battery in battery pack can for string,
At least one of parallel connection, is widely used.By being tested at 30-45 DEG C of the temperature in use of battery, with the first electricity
The charge/discharge capacity that stream carries out non-polarized is tested than C1/D1, with reference to the second current polarizing test multiplying power polarization value (D1-D2)/D1,
Improve the accuracy to battery or the screening of the self-discharge rate of battery pack；Comprehensive first electric current non-polarized test unit battery or electricity
The internal resistance value and voltage change of pond group, further increase the uniformity of final screening gained cell or battery pack.And
This method is measured by online equipment, simple to operate and reliable results, it is easy to applied to large-scale industrialization screening.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
Apply all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, the scope of this specification record is all considered to be.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Can not therefore it be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for one of ordinary skill in the art
Say, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the present invention
Scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. the screening technique of a kind of battery and battery pack, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S100, charge and discharge cycles test is carried out to cell or battery pack；And
S200, while the charge and discharge cycles are tested or after end, is screened to the cell or battery pack；
The step S100 includes：
With the first electric current constant-current charge to charge cutoff voltage, then with the first electric current constant-current discharge to discharge cut-off voltage,
The cell or the first charged capacity value C1 and the first discharge capacity value D1 of battery pack are obtained, first electric current is
0.01C to 0.2C；And
With the second electric current constant-current charge to the charge cutoff voltage, then with the second electric current constant-current discharge to the electric discharge section
Only voltage, obtains the second charged capacity value C2 and the second discharge capacity value D2 of the cell or battery pack, described second
Electric current is 0.8C to 1.5C；
The step S200 includes：
Calculate the cell or the charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 and multiplying power polarization value (D1-D2)/D1 of battery pack；With
And
Filter out the charge/discharge capacity ratio C 1/D1 and meet default charge/discharge capacity ratio standard interval, and described times
Rate polarization value (D1-D2)/D1 meets the interval cell of default multiplying power polarization value standard or battery pack.
2. the screening technique of battery according to claim 1 and battery pack, it is characterised in that the default charge and discharge electric capacity
It is 0.998 to 1.002 to measure ratio standard interval.
3. the screening technique of battery according to claim 1 and battery pack, it is characterised in that the default multiplying power polarization
Value standard interval is 0.92 to 0.95.
4. the screening technique of battery according to claim 1 and battery pack, it is characterised in that to the cell or
After battery pack is with the second electric current constant-current charge, and before with the second electric current constant-current discharge, further comprise：
Constant-voltage charge is carried out with the charge cutoff voltage, until reaching charge cutoff electric current, the charge cutoff electric current is
0.01C to 0.2C.
5. the screening technique of battery according to claim 4 and battery pack, it is characterised in that the charge cutoff electric current is
0.025C。
6. the screening technique of battery according to claim 1 and battery pack, it is characterised in that described in the step S100
Cell or battery pack are placed under test temperature all the time, and the test temperature is 30 to 45 DEG C.
7. the screening technique of battery according to claim 6 and battery pack, it is characterised in that before the step S100,
Further comprise step S300, the cell or battery pack are placed under the test temperature and store the scheduled time.
8. the screening technique of battery according to claim 7 and battery pack, it is characterised in that after the step S300
And before the step S100, in addition to：
Step S400, to the cell or battery pack prescreening, including：
With the first electric current constant-current discharge to the charge cutoff voltage；
Preset time is stood, the cell or the internal resistance value and the voltage change of the preset time of battery pack is obtained；
And
Remove the internal resistance value and be unsatisfactory for default internal resistance value standard interval, or the voltage change is unsatisfactory for default voltage
The interval cell of changing value standard or battery pack.
9. the screening technique of battery according to claim 8 and battery pack, it is characterised in that the default internal resistance value mark
Quasi- interval is 18-21m Ω, and the default voltage change standard interval is 0-0.2v.
10. the screening technique of battery according to claim 1 and battery pack, it is characterised in that to multiple monomer electricity
The condition that pond or battery pack carry out charge and discharge cycles test is identical.
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