CN107015309A - A kind of low-loss broadband THz wave gradual change photon crystal filter - Google Patents
A kind of low-loss broadband THz wave gradual change photon crystal filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN107015309A CN107015309A CN201710438503.0A CN201710438503A CN107015309A CN 107015309 A CN107015309 A CN 107015309A CN 201710438503 A CN201710438503 A CN 201710438503A CN 107015309 A CN107015309 A CN 107015309A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1225—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths comprising photonic band-gap structures or photonic lattices
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of low-loss broadband THz wave gradation type photon crystal filter.The wave filter includes the 2 D photon crystal formed by different circular silicon dielectric posts in tetragonal periodic arrangement, the 2 D photon crystal wave filter centre position is provided with a resonator, the resonator is made up of 3 dielectric posts, input, output channel resonant cavity is located on a horizontal line, form THz wave propagation ducts, dielectric posts are evenly distributed on both sides above and below THz wave propagation ducts, in symmetrical structure, same row's medium column dimension is identical, gradually increase from center to edge medium column radius, when THz wave reaches resonator by input channel, the THz wave for meeting resonant frequency is coupled into resonator, obtain coupling output, realize the broadband filtering in 380GHz 438GHz frequency ranges.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Terahertz passive filter technology, specifically a kind of low-loss of 2 D photon crystal, width
Band filter.
Background technology
THz wave is between millimeter wave and infrared light, and frequency is in the range of 0.1THz to 10THz, corresponding wavelength scope
For 3mm to 30 μm.At present, THz wave frequency range is not yet allocated, and can provide huge width for following high-capacity and high-speed communication
Band resource.Photonic crystal is new formed by a kind of dielectric substance periodic arrangement in space as different refractivity
Optical microstructures, its fundamental characteristics is that light wave falls to be prohibited to propagate in band gap with photon band gap；Another characteristic is
With photon locality, when introducing defect or unordered dielectric in the photonic crystal, the original symmetry of photonic crystal will be broken
And periodically, defect state occurs in photon band gap, the light wave matched with defect state frequency will be by local in defect state.
Good characteristic based on photonic crystal, photonic crystal technology is applied in the design of Terahertz communication device wave filter and provided
New design channel.
Photon crystal filter is generally that the planar coupling structure being made up of waveguide resonant cavity is constituted.Because waveguide is harmonious
Shake between chamber and there is reflection wave attenuation, resonance wave interference cancellation equal loss's factor, the propagation to light wave has a negative impact.
Filling rate gradation type photon crystal structure is used in 380GHz-438GHz band limits so that the effective refractive index of waveguide is slow
Change, then reduces the reflection loss of light wave propagation.Photonic crystal resonant cavity is the destruction periodic point defect knot of photonic crystal
Structure, adjusts the dielectric constant and size of point defect to change the resonant frequency and pattern of resonator, improves THz wave and resonance
Coupling efficiency between chamber, realizes the broadband filtering in band limits.
In terahertz wave band, silicon medium has low absorption coefficient, substantially 0.04cm-1, refractive index is about 3.42.Use silicon
The major reason that medium makes THz devices is that silicon technology is present state-of-the-art semiconductor technology, such as MEMS making
Technology, can meet the rigorous of Terahertz passive device.Compared to medium silicon materials, metal has larger absorption loss.
Polymeric material has low-k, it can also be used to make photon crystal filter, but because aperture is smaller, for making phase
Mutually parallel high longitudinal degree is than relatively difficult.By contrast, make photon crystal filter part with silicon medium and be undoubtedly numerous grind
Study carefully the candidate material that scholar commonly uses.However, current major part photon crystal filter response frequency range is not in Terahertz air and led to
Believe window, it is may not apply to Terahertz communication system, using limited；According to progress both domestic and external, about too
The bandwidth relative narrower of Hertz wave photon crystal filter, it is more difficult to adapt to broadband, superfast communicating requirement, this is also research
One of key issue of the highly desirable solution of person.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to is applied to atmospheric communication window band and responsive bandwidth relative narrower too in existing shortage
Deficiency present in hertz photon crystal filter is set out, it is proposed that a kind of low-loss suitable for 380GHz-438GHz frequency ranges,
Broadband Terahertz gradation type photon crystal filter.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is to provide a kind of low-loss, broadband THz wave gradual change
Photon crystal filter, including different circular media posts are in the 2 D photon crystal of tetragonal arrangement form, described two
Dimensional photonic crystal wave filter centre position is provided with a resonator, and the resonator is made up of 3 dielectric posts, input channel and defeated
Go out passage and be located at the resonator left and right sides respectively, input, output channel resonant cavity are located on a horizontal line, form Terahertz
Ripple propagation ducts, dielectric posts are evenly distributed on both sides above and below THz wave propagation ducts, in symmetrical structure, same row's dielectric posts chi
It is very little identical, gradually increase from center to edge medium column radius, the signal of input is the radially-arranged THz wave of Gauss, when too
When Hertz wave reaches resonator by input channel, the THz wave for meeting resonant frequency is coupled into resonator, obtains
To coupling output, the broadband filtering in 380GHz-438GHz frequency ranges is realized.
2 D photon crystal along X-Z faces be in tetragonal periodic arrangement, according to formula r0=0.18*a determines medium
The radius r of post0, h=279 μm of the height of dielectric posts, wherein, a is lattice constant.
Dielectric posts are in tetragonal periodic arrangement with array, according to formula ri=r0/ (1+i) determines that being located at THz wave passes
Passage media of both sides column radius is broadcast, wherein, r0For positioned at the row's medium column radius of filter skirt one, i=1,2,3, dielectric posts
Radius is followed successively by r by the edge of longitudinal direction to center0、r1、r2、r3, it is symmetrical above and below.
The two-dimensional graded mode filter is in symmetrical structure along middle row dielectric posts, and identical row is situated between from center to edge
Matter column dimension is identical, but different row's medium column dimension increases successively, often arrange medium column radius therefrom the heart to edge is optimal successively can
For 10.16 μm, 12.70 μm, 20.32 μm, 45.72 μm.
The material of dielectric posts is nonlinear crystalline material lithium niobate in the resonator, and the material is easy to obtain and with height
Dielectric constant, is advantageously implemented the coupling between THz wave and resonator；The material of remaining Two-dimensional Dielectric Cylinder is High Resistivity Si, should
Material has lower dispersion and absorption loss compared to metal, silicon dielectric posts.
Input signal is the THz wave of radial direction Gaussian Profile.In 2 D photon crystal wave filter, when THz wave is arrived
During up to resonator, resonance can be caused in resonator, the frequency range that can be resonated is minimum, only when incident Terahertz wave frequency
When the resonant frequency of rate resonant cavity reaches consistent, the ripple of the frequency can be remained, and then be coupled into resonator.Too
In intracavitary reflection, focusing occur for Hertz wave, form mode of resonance, then THz wave is directly coupled out from output channel,
Filtering needed for realizing in frequency range.
THz wave gradation type photon crystal filter proposed by the present invention passes through in full two-dimensional photon crystal structure
Change the radius of often row's dielectric posts to change the effective refractive index of waveguide, reduce reflection of the THz wave in communication process and damage
Consumption.By setting cavity resonator structure to realize, local frequency-selecting is acted on, and the size of dielectric posts and relative dielectric are normal in adjustment resonator
The actual parameters such as number, improve the coupled characteristic between THz wave resonant cavity, reach low-loss, broadband filter function.This
Inventive structure is simple, ingenious in design, can be widely applied to broadband Terahertz communication system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 THz wave gradation type photon crystal filter planar structure schematic diagrams；
Fig. 22 D photon crystal TE polarization mode band gap diagrams；
Fig. 3 THz wave gradation types photon crystal filter transmits spectral line；
Fig. 4 THz wave gradation type photon crystal filter steady-state field distribution maps.
Embodiment
Embodiment is described in detail to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The THz wave gradation type photonic crystal filter of the present invention
Ripple device is as shown in figure 1, the wave filter includes the two-dimensional photon formed by different circular silicon dielectric posts in tetragonal periodic arrangement
Crystal, in the photonic crystal between level remove row's dielectric posts formation THz wave pass ripple passage, in the channel meta install
The cavity resonator structure being made up of 3 lithium niobate dielectric posts, horizontal channel is divided into horizontal input channel and horizontal output by resonator
Passage.Whole 2 D photon crystal wave filter is in symmetrical structure along middle row dielectric posts, from center to edge, often arranges medium
Column dimension is constant, and difference row's medium column dimension increases successively.The Terahertz 2 D photon crystal wave filter uses medium column dimension
Grading structure, can reduce reflection loss of the THz wave in communication process；According to time domain coupled film theory analysis, resonance is finely tuned
The actual parameter such as medium column dimension and relative dielectric constant in chamber, improves the coupling efficiency between THz wave resonant cavity,
Realize low-loss, the broadband filtering in 380GHz-438GHz frequency ranges.
Fig. 1 show THz wave gradation type photon crystal filter planar structure schematic diagram.Wave filter includes two-dimentional light
Sub- crystal (1), resonator (2), horizontal input channel (3), horizontal output passage (4).
The present embodiment 1 is subject to by 2 D photon crystal dielectric posts (1) so that 7 × 11 arrays are in tetragonal periodic arrangement as an example
Illustrate, removing row's dielectric posts by level in the middle of the photonic crystal forms THz wave propagation ducts, in the channel between
Position sets resonator, and resonator is made up of 3 dielectric posts.It is defeated that horizontal transmission passage is divided into level by the cavity resonator structure of introducing
Enter passage (3) and horizontal output passage (4).
Two-dimensional graded type photon crystal filter along middle row dielectric posts be in symmetrical structure, from center to edge distribution
Multiple rows of dielectric posts, positioned at row dielectric posts size it is identical, the medium column dimension positioned at different rows increases successively from inside to outside.Its
In, a=254 μm of lattice constant, 2 D photon crystal is in tetragonal periodic arrangement, ripple along X-Z faces in air background
That lead port selection is international standard waveguide port WR2.2, therefore the height of dielectric posts optimal may be configured as h=279 μm.Photon
Crystal medium column material is High Resistivity Si, and its refractive index is n=3.42, and the radius of dielectric posts is optimal to be chosen as r0=0.18*a.
In the planar structure of Fig. 12 D photon crystal wave filters, if often row dielectric posts radius by longitudinal direction edge to
Center is followed successively by r0、r1、r2、r3, such a two-dimensional photon crystal structure is referred to as filling rate gradation type photonic crystal.In filling rate
In gradation type photonic crystal, the radius of same row's dielectric posts is identical, but the medium column radius of different row from edge in
The heart is according to ri=r0/ (1+i) functional relations become less and less.
Calculated according to above-mentioned formula and obtain dielectric posts radius, further optimization processing is done by emulation tool, obtained from side
Often arrange dielectric posts optimal radius and be followed successively by r in Yuan Dao centers0=45.72 μm, r1=20.32 μm, r2=12.70 μm, r3=10.16 μ
m.Resonator is made up of 3 dielectric posts, and the material of selection is nonlinear crystal lithium niobate, and the material is easy to obtain and with Gao Jie
Electric constant, is acknowledged as one of main candidate material of photoelectricity epoch optics silicon.
In this 2 D photon crystal filter construction, according to time domain coupled film analytic approach, 3 Jie are set in resonator
Matter post is advantageously implemented the efficient coupling between THz wave and resonator.When the THz wave of the radial direction Gaussian Profile of input leads to
When crossing horizontal input channel arrival resonator, the point defect due to resonator in two-dimensional photon crystal structure equivalent to introducing,
The point defect state of formation causes this structure to have local frequency-selecting effect, the resonance frequency for THz wave frequency resonant cavity that and if only if
When rate reaches consistent, the ripple of the frequency can just be coupled into resonator, then be exported, and realize broadband in frequency range
Filtering.
The technical scheme is that the photon band gap and photon locality that are had based on 2 D photon crystal, work as terahertz
Hereby wave frequency rate falls forbids propagating in photon band gap.Point defect is introduced in 2 D photon crystal, point defect state is utilized
Local frequency-selecting is acted on, and realizes the filter function of photon crystal filter.According to atmospheric absorption loss model, the work frequency of wave filter
Section is set to 380GHz-438GHz, and centre frequency is f=410GHz, and wavelength X=c/f=0.71mm, wherein c is in vacuum
The light velocity.
Fig. 2 is the band gap diagram under the TE patterns based on complete photonic crystal, and Γ, Μ, K of abscissa are first Brillouin-Zones
High degree of symmetry point, they formed triangle be referred to as brief Brillouin zone, the triangle table oscillography that Γ-Μ-K- Γ are surrounded
Swear k direction；The Frequency of ordinate note is frequency, and it is the angle of light wave that normalization, which is expressed as a/ λ=ω a/2 π c, wherein ω,
Frequency.As seen from the figure, band gap normalized frequency excursion is 0.28 to 0.44, and 37.8% is reached with respect to band gap width.Band gap
Normalization centre frequency is a/ λ=ω a/2 π c=0.36, to obtain filtering characteristic of the centre wavelength at λ=0.71mm, selection
Photonic crystal lattice constant be a=254 μm.In addition, do not occur band gap properties under TM polarization modes, therefore the present embodiment is carried
The wave filter gone out only discusses low-loss under TE polarization modes, broadband filtering characteristic.
Photon crystal filter is designed using filling rate gradation type photonic crystal, can effectively control THz wave to propagate logical
The refractive index in road, reduces the reflection loss in THz wave in communication process, improves transmissivity.In horizontal channel medium design
The actual parameter such as size and relative dielectric constant of 3 dielectric posts in cavity resonator structure (2), regulation resonator so that meet
The THz wave of resonant frequency enters resonator by efficient coupling, reaches the broadband filtering in frequency band range.Fig. 3 is
The general line chart of transmission of embodiment 1, the Frequency of abscissa mark represents frequency, and unit is GHz；Ordinate table note
Transmission table shows the transmission spectral line of THz wave, and unit is dB；S11And S21The reflection that THz wave is propagated is represented respectively
Coefficient and transmission coefficient.As seen from the figure, insertion loss is less than 0.15dB in the range of 380GHz-438GHz, in central task frequency
At rate 410GHz, the absolute bandwidth of realization is 58GHz, and Out-of-band rejection maximum is 51dB, and max transmissive efficiency reaches 97%.
Fig. 4 is steady-state field distribution map, as seen from the figure, and THz wave is fettered well to be transmitted in the photonic crystal.This
The THz wave gradation type photon crystal filter that invention is proposed has preferable filtering performance and wider filter pass band.
In embodiments of the present invention, the tradition side for designing photonic crystal post using metal material in the prior art is abandoned
Case, dexterously selects High Resistivity Si and nonlinear crystalline material lithium niobate gradation type photon crystal filter designed in conjunction, is obtaining
While obtaining relatively low transmission loss and wider bandwidth, the size of dielectric posts can be suitably adjusted again, to obtain multiple frequency ranges
Filtering characteristic, provide important directive significance for the development of Terahertz system.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that：Can be right in the case where not departing from the principle and objective of the present invention
These embodiments carry out a variety of changes, modification, replace and deform, and the scope of the present invention is limited by claim and its coordinate.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of low-loss broadband THz wave gradation type photon crystal filter, including a series of circular media posts are in pros
Lattice arrangement formation 2 D photon crystal, it is characterised in that set one in the 2 D photon crystal wave filter centre position
Resonator, the resonator is made up of 3 dielectric posts, and input channel and output channel are located at the resonator left and right sides respectively, input,
Output channel resonant cavity is located on a horizontal line, forms THz wave propagation ducts, and dielectric posts are evenly distributed on Terahertz
Both sides above and below ripple propagation ducts, in symmetrical structure, same row's medium column dimension is identical, from center to edge medium column radius gradually
Increase, the signal of input is the radially-arranged THz wave of Gauss, when THz wave reaches resonator by input channel, symbol
The THz wave for closing resonant frequency is coupled into resonator, obtains coupling output, realizes 380GHz-438GHz frequency models
Broadband filtering in enclosing.
2. wave filter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 2 D photon crystal is along X-Z faces in tetragonal week
Phase property is arranged, according to formula r0=0.18*a determines the radius r of dielectric posts0, h=279 μm of the height of dielectric posts, wherein, a is crystalline substance
Lattice constant.
3. wave filter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that dielectric posts are in tetragonal periodic arrangement, root with array
According to formula ri=r0/ (1+i) determinations are located at THz wave propagation ducts media of both sides column radius, wherein, r0For positioned at wave filter side
The row's medium column radius of edge one, i=1,2,3, the radius of dielectric posts is followed successively by r by the edge of longitudinal direction to center0、r1、r2、r3, up and down
Symmetrically.
4. wave filter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 3 medium column materials are nonlinear crystal in resonator
Material lithium niobate, remaining medium column material is High Resistivity Si.
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| CN108061936A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-22 | 南开大学 | A kind of optical splitter and the light-splitting method using the optical splitter |
| CN108321663A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-07-24 | 成都清大华科微晶材料有限责任公司 | A kind of continuous terahertz emission source of wideband and corresponding exciting method |
| CN109669239A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-23 | 深圳大学 | A kind of orthogonal division Mode interference FANO resonant structure of photonic crystal waveguide |
| CN109669241A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-23 | 深圳大学 | A kind of photonic crystal waveguide quadrupole splitting Mode interference FANO resonant structure |
| CN112287567A (en) * | 2020-11-28 | 2021-01-29 | 福州大学 | Rapid design method of subminiature terahertz wavelength division multiplexer |
| CN114835482A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-02 | 北京科技大学 | 4D printing method based on rare earth orthoferrite ceramic and metamaterial |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108061936A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-22 | 南开大学 | A kind of optical splitter and the light-splitting method using the optical splitter |
| CN108321663A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-07-24 | 成都清大华科微晶材料有限责任公司 | A kind of continuous terahertz emission source of wideband and corresponding exciting method |
| CN109669239A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-23 | 深圳大学 | A kind of orthogonal division Mode interference FANO resonant structure of photonic crystal waveguide |
| CN109669241A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-23 | 深圳大学 | A kind of photonic crystal waveguide quadrupole splitting Mode interference FANO resonant structure |
| CN112287567A (en) * | 2020-11-28 | 2021-01-29 | 福州大学 | Rapid design method of subminiature terahertz wavelength division multiplexer |
| CN114835482A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-02 | 北京科技大学 | 4D printing method based on rare earth orthoferrite ceramic and metamaterial |
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